a truruing '.iiib il'abor. W 

« LIBRARY I 

t University of Illinois. | 



§ Books ■■Mc not to ho takfii tVom i lir J.ilaary. 

2 Accession No. ^ 



TWELFTH BIENNIAL REPORT 



BOARD OF STATE COMMISSIONERS 






STATE OF ILLINOIS. 



PRESENTED TO THE GOVERNOR 
OCTOBER 1, 1892. 



SPRINGFIELD. ILL.: 
W. RoKKEE, State Pbinter and Binder. 

1893, 



ERRATUM. 

For the word '^Pile" on fifth line of page lf>8 read '•Popc." 



BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS, 



560 



President, 
J. L. R. WADS WORTH, M. D. 

Commissioners. 
JOHN M. GOULD, Moijne. 

Term expires 1893. 

CHARLES G. TRUSDELL, Chicago. 

Term expires 1894. 

A. T. BARNES, M. D., Bloomington. 

Term expires 1895. 

J. C. CORBUS, M. D., Mendota. 

Term expires 1896. 

J. L. R. AVADSWORTH, M. D., Collinsville. 

Term expires 18!>7. 



Secretary. 
FREDERICK HOWARD WIVES, Springfield. 



STATE OF ILLINOIS, 
OFFrcE OF Board of Public Coarities, 
October 1, 1892. 
Hon. Joseph W. Fifer, Governor: 

The Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities has the 
honor to make you its Twelfth Biennial, or Twentv-third Annual 
Report, as required hy law. 
We are, with respect. 

Your obedient servants, 

J. L. R. WADSWORTH, M. D., Piesident, 
JOHN M. GOULD, 
CHARLES G. TRUSDELL, 
A. T. BARNES. M. D., 
J. C. CORBUS, M. D. 

Frederick Howard Wines, Secretary. 



CHAPTER I. 



FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 

The following- statement of the transactions and present 
financial condition of the eleven state institutions subject to 
our inspection covers the two years beginning July 1, 1890, 
and ending June 30, 1892. 

These eleven institutions are: (1) The Northern Hospital for 
the Insane, at Elgin; (2) the Eastern Hospital for the Insane, 
at Kankakee; (3) the Central Hospital for the Insane, at Jack- 
sonville; (4) the Southern Hospital for the Insane, at Anna; 
(5) the Asylum for Insane Criminals, at Chester; (6) the Insti- 
tution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, at Jackson- 
ville; (7) the Institution for the Education of the Blind, at 
Jacksonville; (8) the Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children, at 
Lincoln; (9) the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, at Quincy; (10) 
the Soldiers" Orphans' Home, at Normal; (11) the Charitable 
Eye and Ear Infirmary, at Chicago. 

By the terms of an act approved June 18, 1891, the State 
Reform School, at Pontiac, was removed from under our juris- 
diction. The first section of this act, which is entitled "An act 
to establish the Illinois State Reformatory, and making an ap- 
propriation therefor,"' contains the following provision: "After 
the appointment of the board of managers provided for in this 
act, the State Board of Public Charities shall no longer have 
control or supervision over the Illinois State Reform School." 

The statement which follows shows the amount of money to 
be accounted for, and the disposition made of it. It includes 
the transactions of the State Reform School from Jul^' 1, 1890, 
to June 30, 1891, when our jurisdiction ceased. 

Dr, 

Ou the first of July, 1890, there were, in the hands of the 
local treasurers of the twelve institutions then under our care, 
cash balances amounting in the aggregate to f 190, 541. 86. 

In addition to these cash balances, the institutions had to 
their credit, in the state treasury, undrawn, unexpended bal- 
ances of appropriations made in 1889 to the amount of 
11,494,973.68. 



8 

Thr Tliirty-scvoiil li (Jmcral Asscinbl.v ii|)})roi)riatod for the 
use i)i clcvt'ii institutions (not including tlic Stato Reform 
Si-hool) the sum of $2,8^"), 175 for llic two vears. from .Iiilv 1. 
IHOl. to June 30, 1893. 

Besides the income derived from aj)|)roj)riations. the institu- 
tions receive a minor income from tiie ])roceeds of sales of farm 
])roduce. stock, and manufactured ai-ticles, from collections for 
^•lotliino-, etc., the amount of which dur-inp; the ])ast two years, 
liere to be accounted foi', has been (including- :if 1,000 derived 
from the sale of land* bv the Northern Hospital foi' the In- 
sane) ^175,17U.93; to which must be added .f 20,954. 88 re- 
ceived bv the Northern Hospital for the Insane on account of 
the "BuVr Fund." and 154,379.12 received in 1890-91 by the 
State Reform School on account of work done, on public 
account, in the shoe shop of that institution. 

The sum of these items, which is Ji^4,771,204.47, constitutes 
the amount to be accounted for in the in-esent report and in 
the reports of the institutions herewith transmitted. It is evi- 
dent that this amount must have been expended by the insti- 
tutions, or remain in the state treasury or in the hands of the 
local treasurers. 

Ck. 

The casii disbursements by twelve institutions (including the 
State Reform School in 1890-91), during the past two years, 
were in the aggregate .|3, 277, 854. 35. 

The amount transferred from our books to those of the man- 
agers of the Illinois State Reformatory, June 30, 1891, was 
.f3,30G.48, cash in hands of local treasurer. 

The amount remaining in tlip hands of the local treasurers of 
the eleven institutions now und<M" our jurisdiction. June 30, 1892, 
was 110(5,492.28. 

The amount leinaining in the state treasui'v. undrawn was 
11,379,015.39. 

The sum of $4,535.97, appropriated in 1889 but not drawn, 
(la])sed), remained in the state treasui-y September 30, 1891. 

From the "Burr Fund,'' belonging to the hospital at Flgin, 
$10,817.79 was invested in a loan, which, in the statement of 
disbursements above, is included (for conv(Miience of statement) 
with the cash disbursements, but is no i)art of the actual ex- 
penses li(]Midat(3d. 

The same remark applies to the sum of $58,3()."'».()() ]»aid out 
by the State Refoi-m School on arcouiil of exjxMises incurred in 
running the shoe factory. 

The sum of these items is $4,771,204.47. the amount to be 
accounted for. 



The distribution of debits and credits 
stitutions is as follows : 



amonjj; the several in- 



DEBITS DISTRIBUTED. 



Institutions. 


Cash 
July 1,1890. 


Appkopkiations. 


other 
receipts. 




1889. 


1891. 


Total. 


Northern Insane 


$34,123 03 
26,293 90 
19,034 75 
24 716 47 


$220,971 23 

258.097 47 

243,842 87 

206,208 22 

50,00(1 Ou 

107,148 29 

47,220 90 

95.929 68 

135,500 (10 

52,511 86 

29 170 27 

48.372 89 


$345,184 00 
757,169 00 
356.200 00 
278, ls2 00 

52,200 00 
218, 100 (10 
112,540 00 
196,400 00 
343,300 00 
117,350 00 

58,550 00 


$39,307 89 

47.849 47 

26,524 27 

20,500 43 

87 26 

26,268 95 

11,572 73 

17,990 42 

4.174 68 

1.071 76 


$639,586 15 
1,0«9.409 84 
645.601 89 
529,607 12 
102.287 26 
379 159 43 


Eastern Insanp 


Central Insane 


Southern Insane 


Insane Criminals 




Deaf and Dumb 


27.642 19 
405 70 

7,474 61 
11,836 80 
18,947 07 

2,936 26 
17.131 08 


Blind 


171 739 33 


Feeble -Minded 


317794 71 


Soldiers' Home 


494,811 48 

189,880 69 

90,656 53 

120,(570 04 


Soldiers' Orphans 


Eye and Ear 


Reform School 


55.166 07 






Total 


8190.541 86 


$1,494,973 68 


$2,835,175 00 


5 250,513 93 


$4,771,204 47 





CREDITS DISTRIBUTED. 



Institutions. ^Sts".®' 


Cash Approp'ns Lapsed 
June 30, 1892. undrawn. Sept 30,1891. 


Total. 


Northern Insane 


8443.796 91 
719.860 78 
431.693 13 
361.510 72 


$35,592 94 
5,272 79 
8,617 34 

5?'? (i67 63 


8159 775 09' S-C'ii 511 


8639.586 15 
1,(89 409 84 


Eastern Insane 

Central Insane 


361.276 27 
203 196 94 




9. mi js 


645,601 89 
529,607 12 
102,287 26 


Southern Insane 


143*880 22! T'.^4S .^K 


InsHne Criminals 

Deaf and Dumb 


67.518 17 'SI.S 11 


34.455 98 
106,265 32 




266.458 89 
126,612 77 


6,435 22 
832 88 
2.891 78 
18.413 78 
2,136 48 
3,318 33 
* 3,306 48 





379 15*^ 43 


Blind 


43,827 09 
81,891 98 
151.035 46 
56,496 26 
30.914 78 


466 5'> 


171,739 33 

317 794 71 


Feeble-Minded 


233,005 81 

322.362 24 
131,247 95 

56,423 42 

117.363 56 


5 14 


Soldiers' Home 


49 1 811 48 


Soldiers' Orphans 




189 880 69 


Eye and Ear 




90 656 53 


Reform School 




120 670 04 









Total 


83,277.854 35 


8109.798 76 


$1,379,015 39 


$1,535 97 


84,771,204 47 





Further details of these receipts and di.sbursements will be 
found in the tables appended to this report, and in the reports 
of the institutions named. 

It will of course be understood that the figures o-iven above 
represent cash receipts and disbursements, and that the actual 
expenses may have been more or less than the cash payments, 
according to the amount of outstanding indebtedness at the 
beginning and end of the period. In fact, they were less. The 
actual expenses have been : 



* Balance. June 30, 1891, introduced here to close the State Reform School account. The 
total balance in hands of local treasurers, June 30,1892, was $3,306.48 less than the footing of 
this column. 



10 



Institutions. 



Ordinary. 



Total. 



Northern Insane Hospital 

Enstorn Insane Ho-^pital 

Ci-ntral Iiisani' Ho pital 

Bouth'-rn lii'-am- Hospital 

Asylum !or Iiisan'' Criminals 

Institution for th'- Deaf and Dumb 

Institution for the Blind 

Asylum for Ft'ol)lo Minded 

Soltliers" and Sailors' Home 

Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

Eye and Ear lidlrmarv 

State Reform School (1890-1)1) 



€2<!».2(16 56 
547. -las W 

24<;.2:n OS 

lti.-J18 17 
236. XJO 45 

8".), 494 64 
166, 7<7 54 
270.510 92 
1117.014 65 

52.717 93 

56.625 07 



8180,719 32 

173. 95*0 20 

1(16,733 01 

111,235 57 

51,10(1 00 

27.442 :« 

36,6tW 91 

66.2:J8 27 

51,H<'0 00 

13,»i5 6<i 

3,7(15 49 

2.372 89 



S429.925 88 

721.428 29 

437.153 13 

357. 4«.7 25 

07.518 17 

263,772 78 

126.164 55 

2.33,0(15 81 

322,310 92 

l'^»,410 25 

56,423 42 

58,997 96 



Total. 



52.369,205 79| S825.372 62 



83,194.578 41 



The agreement betvA'een the statement of cash payniPiits ami 
that of actual expenses is shown as follows : 



Cash payments 

Deduct payments on account of— 

Burr fund, loaned 

Burr fund, expended 



Shor'-shop, Reform School 

Indebtedness outstanding July 1,1890. 



Add indebtedness outstanding June 30,1892. 



810,817 79 
3,767 21 



$3,277,854 35 



140,052 37 



53,137.801 98 
56,776 43 



83,194,578 41 



Surplus. 

To meet the outstanding' indebtedness the institutions liad the 
following cash resources: 



In the hands of local treasurers 
In state treasury, on call 

Total cash assets 

Deduct amount of debts 



8106.492 28 
14.075 66 


8120 
56 


.-•.67 
776 


94 
43 



863.791 51 



This surplus was divided among them as follows: 



Northern Insan<' Hof pital 

Central Ins ini' Hospital 

Southern ln<ani- Hns)>ital 

Asylum for Insuiii' (himinais 

Institution loi' th" Blind 

A.sylum for Ffclde-Mindcd Children. 

Soldiei.s" and Sailois' Home 

Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

Charitdlde Eye and Ear Infirmary.... 



Deduct dellcits in- 
Eastern Insane Hospital 

Institution for Deaf and Dumb. 



Total surplus June 30.1892 



85,707 08 
4,786 53 



820,091 d7 

9.2S0 04 

1,5.404 62 

313 11 

478 03 

2.891 78 

20,4»2 76 

2, 136 48 

3,318 33 

874,285 12 



10,493 61 



863,791 51 



11 

This statement of surplus does not include ledger accounts 
(for clothing- and incidental expenses of inmates) outstanding 
and uncollected. 

The surplus in some of the institutions is large enough to be 
taken into the account, in estimatingthe appropriations necessary 
for the ensuing two 3'ears, from July 1, 1893, to June SO, 1895. 



Classification of Ordinary Expenses. 

On pages 12-13 will be found a classified summary of the 
ordinary expenses of the institntions, for each of the two fiscal 
years, 1890-91 and 1891-92, by items. 

The number of days' board furnished to inmates, from July 
1, 1890, to June 30, 1891, was 2,39 J, 439; from July 1, 1891, 
to June 30, 1892, it was 2,538,059; total, for the two years, 
4,929,498. 

If the number of days' board just stated for the year 1890- 
91 be divided by 365,' and that "for 1891-92 by S66, tbe num- 
ber of days in each year, the quotient Avill be the average num- 
ber of inmates for the year. And. if the total number of days' 
board for two 3'ears be divided by 731, we shall have as a 
quotient the average number for the entire period. Applying 
this rule, the average number of inmates of all the institutions 
under our care in i890-91 was 6,552. In 1891-1892, it was 
6,935. The average number for the two years taken together 
was 6,744. 

If the total ordinary expenses for each year, or for the two 
years taken together, be divided bj^ the average number of in- 
mates, the quotient will be the per capita cost. The total ordi- 
nary expenses in 1890-91 were |1, 147, 673.!- 3. Dividing this 
figure by (),552, we find the per capita cost for that year to 
be $175.17. Proceeding in a similar manner, the per capita 
cost for 1891-92 was f 176. 15, and for the tw^o years from 
July 1, 1891, to June 30, 1892, it averaged |175.66. 

The same process of mathematical reasoning applied to each 
item of expenditure separately gives the following averages, (for 
all the institutions taken together.) 



Expenses per capita, classified. 



1890-91. 



1891-92. 



Attendance (salaries and wage?).. 

Food 

Clothing, bedding, etc 

Sundry supplies 

Fuel 

Light 

Medicines and medical supplies.. 

Freight and transportation 

Postage and telegraphing 

Books and stati< inery 

Household e.xpenses 

Furniture 

Building:, repairs, etc 

Tools and machinery 

Farm, garden, stock and grounds 
All other expenses 

Total 



865 21 


52 87 


14 89 


1 (19 


12 94 


3 m 


1 98 


2 (« 


72 


1 42 


1 10 


2 98 


4 40 


1 08 


G lit 


3 27 


S175 17 



S68 70 
49 16 

13 40 

1 19 

14 36 

2 98 

2 02 
1 85 

65 

93 

1 19 

3 40 

4 87 
1 56 
6 11 
3 7* 



$176 16 



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The items of (^xpeiidit uic hutikmI ai-o self-cxplaiiatorv, for the 
most ])art. Undei- 'household goods'' are iiichided all articles 
usually ])ur('hased at a <4-rocery or h()use-furiiishinf«: estaldish- 
mcnl. which can not be ])ropei-ly dassitied as food or furniture. 
The exjKMiditure under tlie head of "l)uildin<i;, repairn, etc.," is 
in addition to the special apj)ropriations for tliis purpose, which 
are calculated not per ca])ita but on the basis of valuation of 
l)ro]»ert.v to be conserved. Under "farm, jiarden, stock and 
<;-iounds'" are included not only the farm expenses, but pur- 
chases of milch cows, moneys expendecj in makin<»- and keeping; 
up roads and walks, and in the adornment of the ])i-emises by 
])lants and shrubbery, and the cost of haulinjr. (with th<' team's 
belon<j;in<2; to the institufion), supplies, etc. 

We are convinced that we have arrived at the miniiiiuiii per 
capita cost of our state charitable institutions consistent with 
their ji'ood manaiiement and the comfort and well-bcint!,- of their 
biMieticiaries. We dare not assume the i-es))()usii)ilitv of recom- 
mendiufj,- any further reductions. In some iust.nices a slig-ht in- 
crease is, in our judgment, advisable. 

It must be i-emembered tliat the institutions have a snmll in- 
come of their own, derived from charges to counties and individ- 
uals, foi' clothinii- and in.-idental ex])enses. and from sale of 
manufactured articleiv or waste matei-ial, which sliohtly reduces 
the amount of the ap])ropi-iations required to be made for their 
maintenance. This petit income, in 1890-91, was .|>8'4,V19.72 ; 
in 1891-92, it was $89,400.21. The net cost to the state treas- 
ury, for ordinary expenses, in 1890-91, therefore, was .f 1 002,- 
953.51, and the net per capita co.st .f 102.24, or a little less than 
forty-five cents per day, or |3. 12 per week. In 1891-92, the net 
cost was 11,132,072.35: the net ])er capita cost, |103.->5: the 
net weekly cost, .f3.14. 

For this small charge the inmates of the state institutions 
receive not only lodj>:iug, board, fuel, light, and washing, but 
tuition, medical treatment, and ])ersonal care, according to their 
indivi(bial condition and necessities. No i)rivate concei-n. and no 
county board, could furnish so much for so little. The care of 
the pauper insane on some of the county farms costs, to be 
sure, very much less; but this is because they do not i-eceive 
proper and suitable care, which the counties, as a rule, are un- 
|)repared to give them. 

Estimate foi{ tuk Nkxt Two Vk.mjs. 

We base our estimate of the ap|»ropriat ions necessary to be 
made for the ordinary expenses of the eleven institutions under 
our charge, for the two fiscal years beginning .Inly 1, 1S93, 
and .hil\- 1, 1894, on the ex])(>nses iucuri-ed heretofore, making 
allowance for the growth of the institutions and an increased 
number of inmates in some of them. It will, of course, be evi- 
dent that the per capita allowance for different items will vary 



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in different institutions, aocoi(lin«:,- to their respectivo size, loca- 
tion, and rliaracter; hut we hav.' endeavored to make the 
distribution of funds <i:ranted as equitable as possible to all of 
them. 

The table on pajiie 15 shows all the elements which enter into 
the estimate submitted. 

Aecordin<i' to this estimate the total annual ordinary exjtrnses 
of eleven institutions will be fl,8G0,U()0. The averajie number 
of inmates will be 7.850, and the average per capita cost will 
])e 1173.25. 

We estimate the annual receipts from other sources than the 
state treasur,y at -i^HO.SOO. These receipts will reduce the cost 
to the state and make the net cost .fl, 279, 500, or f 162. 99 
per capita. 

Our estimates of per capita cost vary but little from 
those made by us two years ago. The aggregate amount of 
the a])pro])riation requii-ed for maintenance is much larger than 
then, owing to the increase of the number of inmates. 

The surplus July 1, 1892, in nine institutions was 174,285.12, 
from which must be deducted a deficit in two institutions 
amounting to $10,493.61, leaving a net surplus of f63,7i>1.51. 
This is .f9 j'.386.18, less than it was two 3'ears ago. It is our 
opinion that it will not be safe to diminish the a])pi-o])riation 
for 1893— i, on account of any estimated surplus which may be 
(ju hand July 1, 1893. except in the case of two institutions, 
viz : the Southern Insane Hospital and the Soldiers' Home. 
The first of these will probablv have a surplus at that date of 
130,000, and the other of |iO',OCO. 

The cost of the Soldiei-s' and Sailors' Home to the ])eoi)le of 
the state is less thnn it ap])ears to be, in our estimate, by the 
amount paid into tlu; treasury of the state, on account of that 
institution, by the gvneral government of the United States. 
By an act api)roved by the President, August 27, 1888, the 
Tnited States agreed to pay for the support of every disabled 
soldier or sailor admitted into any state home at the I'ate of 
one hundred dollars a year. This act has since been amended, 
so that now th^' paAiiients made are ecpiivalent to one-half the 
actual cost of maintenance ])!'r ca])ita. The sum paid into the 
treasuix' of this state, foi- the su]»|)oi-t ol inmates of the Home 
at (iuiiicy. from July 1. l^SH). to June 30, 1.S92, was -11^:56,- 
066. 5!S. The ax-tual »;ost of the Home for maintenance, during 
the last two years, was f 2:;6,33().24. After deducting the 
amount |)aid from the I'liited States treasury. I lie net cost to 
11i(» tax-pa\ers of Illinois was |110.269.6«). 

The ])rim'i|)le of this act is correct, since the disability of these 
men was incurred in the service of the Tnited States. We were, 
so far as we know, or have reason to l)eli«»ve, the first to call 
the attention of the licneial iiONcrnnicnt to the subject. Hut 



17 

the g'ovei'nnient ought to go farther; it should assume the 
whole of this expense. 

The jjayments from this source do not, however, relieve the 
legislature of the obligation to make an appropriation sufficient 
in amount to defray the entire cost of maintaining this insti- 
tution; for the mone\'s paid are paid into the state treasury, 
and the Home derives no direct benefit from them. 

In accordance with a resolution adopted by the house in 
1887, we submit a draft of a bill for an act making appropria- 
tions for the ordinary expenses of each and all of the institu- 
tions included under our jurisdiction from July 1, 1893, to 
June 30, 1895. 

A Bill for an act making- appi opriations lor the ordinary and 
other expenses of the state institutions herein named. 

Section 1. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illi- 
nois, represented in the General Assembly. That there be and is 
hereby appropriated, for the purpose of defraying the ordinary 
expenses of the state institutions named in this act, for the 
year beginning July 1, 1893, the sum of 1,229,500, payable 
quarterly in advance, and that the said appropriation shall be 
apportioned between the said institutions as follows: 



To the Northern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Eastern Hospital for ihe Insane 

To the Central Ho-piial for the Insane 

To the Southern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Asylum for Insane Criminals 

To the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb 

To the Institution for the Blind 

To the Institution for Feeble-Miuded Children 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 

To the Soldiers' Orphans' Homt^ 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary 

Total 



S155,000 

310,000 

186,000 

]tl9,50n 

30,00ft- 

100,006 

50,000' 

88,000 

115,000 

56,0(10 

30, 000 



$1,229,500 



Sec 2. For the ])urpose of defraying the ordinary expenses 
of the said institutions for the year begining July 1, 1894, the 
sum of $1,279,500 is appropriated, payable quarterly in advance, 
(which amount shall be apportioned among them as follows), 
and at the same rate thereafter until the expiration of the first 
fiscal quarter after the adjournment of the next general as- 
semblv. 



To the Northern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Eastern Hospital for the Insane , 

To the Central Hospital for the Insane 

To the Southern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Asylum for Insane Criminals 

To the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb 

To the Institution for the Blind 

To the Institution for the Feeble-Minded Children 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 

To ttie Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary 

Total 

—2 P. C. 



S155,00O 
310.000 
186,000 
130,500 
30.000 
100,000 
50.000 
88,000 
135,000 
56, 0(10 
30,000 



SI, 279, 500 



18 

Si'X;. 8. For tlie same purjiosc of cnablin^i- tlio institutions to 
makp suc-li repairs and inii)i-ov(>nu*nts as inav be necessary or 
desirable, the sum of $52,000 j)er annum is ajjpropriated, as 
follows: 



To tlio N'orthorn Hosiiital for the Insane 

To tho Eiist'Tti Hospital for ihe Insane 

To tho Central H"spital for the Insane 

To the B.iuthern Hospital for the Insane 

Tci the Asylum fr>r the Criminal Insane 

To the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb.. . 

To the Institution for the Blind 

To the .\sylum f.>r Feeble-Minded Children 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home , 

To the Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary .. . 

Total 



se.ooo 

12.000 
8,000 
6,000 
1.000 
5,000 
2,00(1 
2.000 
5.000 
2, 000 
l.(HK) 



$52,000 



Sec. 4. For the maintenance of libraries for the use of in- 
mates and employes of the several in.stitutions, includino; sub- 
scriptions for periodical publications, and the purchase of book- 
€ases, or other necessary library furniture, the sum of .^3,750 
per annum is hereby appropriated, as follows: 



To the Northern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Eastern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Central Hnspital for the Insane 

To the Southern Hospital for the Insane 

To the Asylum for Criminal Insane 

To the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb . . 

To the Iz.stitution for the Blind 

To the Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 

To the Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary .. . 

Total 



S250 
860 
500 
250 
100 
500 
200 
21>0 
500 
300 
100 



S8,750 



Sec 5. The money's herein apiiropriated shall be due and 
payable to the ti-ustees of the several institutions named, or to 
their order, only on the terms and in the manner provided in 
the nineteenth section of an act entitled "An act to regulate 
the state charitable institutions and the state reform school and 
to improve their oro;anization and increase their efficiency," 
approved April 15, 1875. 

The followin<;- table is printed here for convenience of refer- 
ence. It shows the entire amount of money to be accounted for 
since the passage in 1875 of the act to regulate the state char- 
itable institutions and the state reform school, also the actual 
receipts and expenditures: 



50 



linnncinl History of tlw State Cluwitahle Institutions inid the 

7. 1873, to 



Northern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Ea'-tern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Central 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Southern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Asylum 

for 

Insane 

Criminals. 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30, 1875 (ten 
momhs). 

Dr. 

Balance December 1, 1874— 

Cash St!.661 .S8 

Appropriations 35. 756 '.12 

New appropriations, 1875 20i), 480 00 

Miscellaneous incomi' 9,154 90 

Overdraft, September 30, 1875 



Total 



C7-. 



Disbursements 

Lapsed 

Cash, September 30, 1875 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 



81,878 02 

62,333 33 

192.500 00 

18,399 26 



SI, 868 74 

00.591 04 

284.300 00 

4,063 50 



8258,053 201. 

I 



89,066 99, 



5275,111 215353,823 28 



88,648 00 91.300 47 



6,199 22 
162,780 99 



10,463 21 
170.000 00 



14,491 32 
218,031 49 



Total S258.053 20 

Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30, 1876. 

Dr. 

I ' 

Balance brought down 108. 980 21 

Miscellaneous income 22,^0 78, 



Total 



Cr. 



Disbursomouts 

Cash, September 30, 1876 

Appropriations, balance undrawn. 



Total 



S191.236 99 1 



117. 19S 23 
0, 108 48 
67.9.30 18 



$191,236 99 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 39, 1877. 

Dr. 

I 

Balance brought down I 74, 038 7Ci 

New appropriations, 1877 214.447 85 5200,000 00 

Misceliiineous income 12, 032 44 

Total 

Cr. 



Disbursements- 
Lapsed. 



!f330,519 05 5200,000 00 



123,757 60 15,298 65 



Cash, September 30, 1877 7,893 071 24.123 21 2i 

Ai>i)ropnation, balance undrawn 1 198.807 72 184.701 *■■> 239,5.56 78 17; 



5275,111 21S353,823 2S 



180,463 21 262.522 81 
20,843 92 6.347 82 



5207.807 13 8268,870 63! 



112,010 83 1117,575 44 
21,913 <« 13.695.50 
73.370 62 l.!7,599 63 



$207,307 13 8268.870 63 



95.290 30i 101, 

273,9.'>:{ 17 194, 

18.780 01: 8, 



295 19 
700 00 
932 47l 



5388.024 11,5304,927 60; 



124,344 12 5164.230 62 
168 12 

,278 92 
,250 00 



28, 
172, 



♦Total :ii830,.M9 05,5200.000 00.S888,O24 ll|8364,927 06; 



21 



State Reform School for eighteen fiscal yeais from December 
June 30, 1892. 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 

the 
Blind. 


Asylum 

forFeeble- 

Minded 

Cnildren. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
tar In- 
firmary. 


State 
Eeform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


827,933 83 


$1,492 98 

14,551 65 

63,000 00 

1,292 15 

1,129 15 


87.338 30 

14,247 29 

234,000 00 

2,423 01 


$6,156 65 

30,022 26 

103.500 00 

463 12 


82,393 23 
9,500 00 

24,300 00 
1,870 87 


$1,163 77 
14,562 93 




$59,887 50 


43,214 16 




284,779 58 


181.750 00 


87,000 00 




1,376,830 00 


8.971 15 


5,388 33 




52, 026 29 






1,129 15 
















S261.869 14 


$81,465 93 
29,715 93 


8258,008 60 

33,462 20 

01 

(1,634 03 

217.912 36 


$140,142 03 

47.916 72 

22 26 

1,203 05 

91,000 00 


$38,064 10 
11,833 37 


8108, 115 03 
28,789 03 




81.774,652 52 


98.237 67 




518,970 38 


26 




22 53 


20.306 30 


4,377 65 
21,853 08 


4,204 97 
75,121 03 




73,879 75 


143,324 91 


51,750 00 




1,181,779 86 








8261.869 14 


«81.465 93 

50,620 85 
1,749 25 


3258,008 60 

224,546 39 
2,630 56 


8140,142 03 

92,203 05 
681 79 


838,064 10 

26.230 73 
2,265 89 


$108,115 03 

79,326 00 
3,:i25 34 




$1,774,652 52 


163.631 21 




1.354.530 46 


4.204 40 




64,299 75 








1167,835 61 


852,370 10 

28,974 85 

2,972 95 

20,422 30 


8227, 176 95 

108,729 13 

25 26 

118,422 56 


$92,884 8i 

48,053 25 

0,675 23 

38,750 36 


828,496 62 

17,403 06 
1,421 26 
9,667 30 


$82,651 34 
45,767 75 




81,318.830 21 


104,079 59 




689,803 13 


6,517 71 


3,460 16 
;i3,423 43 




62, 190 29 


57.238 31 




566,836 79 










«167,835 61 


852,370 10 

23,395 25 

62,201 25 

1,280 30 


8227.176 95 

118,447 82 

154,940 00 

2,140 14 


892,884 84 

44,831 59 

99,475 01) 

84 20 


828.496 62 

11,088 56 

55,925 00 

1,308 50 


$82,651 34 

36,883 59 

71,800 00 

3,494 31 




81,318,830 21 


63,756 02 
178,000 00 




629,027 08 
1.535.442 27 


4,974 47 




53,027 53 








$246,730 49 


886,876 80 

29,710 79 

6 08 

4,659 93 

52,500 00 


8275,527 96 
154,688 14 


8144,390 85 

47,372 14 

216 12 

12,372 95 

84,429 64 


$68,322 06 
27,980 84 


$112,177 90 
.37.296 72 




82,217.496 88 


89,685 34 




814,365 02 


13 32 


1 




403 64 


5,011 54 


3,416 63 
117,423 19 


1,557 07, 6,371 48 




93,685 40 


152,020 29 


38,784 15 68,509 70 




1,309,042 82 








«246,730 49 


886,876 80 


8275.527 96 


8144,390 85 


868,322 OG 


8112,177 99 




$2,217,496 88 



22 



Financial History 



Northern 
iDsane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Eastern 
Insano 
Hospi- 
tal. 



•Central 
Insane 
Hospi- 



Southern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Asylum 

for 

Insane 

Criminals. 



Fiscal Yeab ending Sept. 30, 1S78. 
Dr. 



Balance brought down. 
Miscellaneous income . 



«206,761 39 8184.701 35 
7.'J06 88 



Total 



Cr 



Disbursements 

Cash, September 30, 1878 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 



Total 



8214.608 27 8184,701 35 



84,897 89 



129.578 92 

6,754 17 

79.335 181 99,803 46 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30, 1879. 
Dr. 



Balance brought clown .. 
New appropriations 1879. 
Miscellaneous income . . . 



Total 



Cr. 



Disbursements 

Lapsed 

Cash, September 30. 187!t 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 



?214,C68 27 §184.701 35 



85,089 35 99,803 46 

222,030 00 257,500 00 

7.470 59 I 491 00 



8203,679 99 8200.528 92 
11,5.38 96, 4,807 83 



8276,218 95 5205.336 75 



155,097 95 

5.645 20 

114,475 80 



91,374 23 
19.976 01 
93,8% 51 



8275,218 95 8205.336 75 



120.121 00 113,962 52 

265,496 00; 174,000 00 1 

10,782 95 9,172 52 i 



8314,589 94 8357.794 46 8386.399 95 8297,135 04 



112,843 5i: 107,514 88 



11,511 90, (;.411 23 
190,234 53 243.808 35 



Total 8314,589 94,8357,794 46 

Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30. 1880. 
Dr. 



154.327 87! 100,015 35 

2.200 00 206 46 

16.796 00 23,855 51 

213.076 02 173,057 75 



Balance broufiht down 

Miscellaneous income 

Overdraft, September 30, 1880. 



Total 



Cr. 



Disbursements 

Cash. September 30. 1880 

Appropriation, balance undrawn", 



201.716 43 
11,200,99 



250.279 58 
690 19 



8380,399 95 8297,185 04 



229,872 08; 190.913 26 
9,287 70 8,394 66 



8213,007 42 8250,969 77 



121.800 8."i 139,810 84 
10.:C>3 97 7.S05 45 
80,846 Oo: 103,347 48 



8239,159 78,8205,307 92 



130,388 (»' 9S.580 33 
20.28.''. 73! 13.041 23 
88,485 40 93,t«6 30 



Total 8213.007 42,8250,969 77 8239,1.59 78 5205,307 92 

Fiscal Yeau ending Sept. W. 1881. 
Dr. 



Balance brought down 

New appropiiations. 1881 

Mlseidlaneous income 

Ovenlraft, September 30. 1881 



Total 



91.200,17 111.1.'52 93 108.77113 106.727 .■.9 



25i>.7:?r. 00 3.30.350 00 
12.559 9l| 3,072 93 



2I1.7.-.0 (10 2S0. 435 00' 
11.352 85, 10.031 Oil 



S.V.4.495 48 84,'-.0..'i7r. S0S831.8T3 98 8397,194 20 



Cr. 



Overdraft. September 30. 1881 1 I 

Disbursement- 131.0;« 72l 125,1.53 92 121.842 77i 127,198 34: 

Cash, September 30. 1881 4.0i:. 87 14, .394 061 20,913 091 14,992 00! 

Appropriation, balance undrawn 218,815 89 310.727 28, 189,117 :>'2] 255.003 80 



Total iS354,495 48 8150. .-.75 808331,873 988397.194 20| 



— Continued. 



23 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 
the 
Blind. 


Asylum 

forFeeble- 

Minded 

Children. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Earln- 
lirmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


5157,031 83 
8.242 04 


S57,159 93 
2,220 04 


8120,839 82 
3,688 80 


«9G,802 59 
738 02 


840,341 22 
100 00 


874,881 18 
5,208 56 




81,402,728 22 
44,440 03 








8165 273 87 


859,379 97 

29.670 62 
6,494 80 
23,214 55 


8124,520 62 

66.668 03 
10,664 16 
47,194 43 


897,541 51 

46,667 05 

1.971 52 

48.902 94 


840,44122 880.089 74 
26,956 22 4S 070 ^r> 




81,447,178 25 


'19 838 67 




779 720 13 


5 352 41 


178 84 
13,306 16 


6,998 37 
24,120 82 




63 005 48 


60 082 79 




604,422 64 








8165,273 87 
66 435 20 


859,379 97 

29,709 35 

52,634 00 

1 697 54 


8124,526 62 

57,858 59 

117,255 00 

9 «ifi r.fi 


897,541 51 

50,874 46 

83,000 00 

237 22 


840,441 22 

13,485 00 

38,000 00 

80 00 


880,089 74 

31,119 19 

55,6(10 00 
5.625 59 




81,417.178 25 
667,4.58 12 


176,979 00 




1,432,494 00 


5 124 83 




43.498 90 










8247 539 03 


884,040 89 «177 Q.RO 9,K 


8134.111 68 
46,942 55 


*51.565 00 
16.491 17 


892.344 78 
34.327 32 




82,143,451 02 


94,676 31 


33.282 13 

145 61 

3,229 12 

47,384 00 


50,893 25 




751.314 31 






2.552 10 


3 029 04 


10,547 67 
116.489 33 


5,348 95 
81,820 18 


1.472 87 
33.600 96 


3,280 85 
54,736 61 




85.483 20 


149,833 68 




1.304.101 41 








8247 539 03 


884,040 89 

50,613 12 
1.497 91 


8177,930 25 

127,037 0(1 
5. 132 65 


8134.111 68 

87,169 13 
1,233 66 
1,201 05 


J5 1,565 00 
35.073 83 


892,344 78 

58,017 46 
4,009 67 




82,143,451 02 


152 862 72 




1,389,584 61 


12,369 82 




53,877 25 








1.2(j1 05 
















§165,232 54 
94,130 70 


852.111 03 

27,271 26 
4,943 79 
19,895 98 


8132.169 65 

71,894 10 

847 28 
59,428 27 


889,603 81 
48,591 60 


835,073 83 

17,729 25 
2,817 95 
14,496 63 


862,027 13 

37,027 76 

2,177 86 

22,821 51 




§1,444,662 91 
787.237 34 


5,769 47 




68,072 73 


65,332 37 


41 012 24 




589,352 84 








8165, 232 54 


852.11] 03 

24,839 77 

99,715 00 

1,323 57 


8132. 169 65 

60.275 55 

117,275 00 

G,3S3 79 


889.603 84 

44.012 24 

97,800 00 

664 96 


835,073 83 

17,344 .58 

38,912 00 

555 65 


$62,027 13 

24,999 37 
76,290 00 




81,444,662 91 


71,101 84 




657,425 57 


192,300 0(1 




1,701,562 00 


9 519 16 


3 230 56 




58,694 99 


3,310 93 






3,310 93 


















8276,231 93 


8125.878 34 


8183.931 31 


8139,477 20 

1,201 05 
48,155 48 

5,377 39 
81,743 28 


856,812 23 


8104,519 93 




82,420,993 49 






1,201 05 


109 420 70 


40,852 86 

1,289 74 

83 735 74 


6i,824 46 

16,334 88 

mr. T7S (III 


18.552 42 
3,624 18 
31,635 63 


35,378 91 

933 45 

68,207 57 




819,713 58 






82,505 92 


166 811 23 




1,517,572 94 










8276,231 93 


8125,778 34 


8183.934 34 


8139,477 20 


856.812 23 


8104,519 93 




82.420.993 4» 



24 



Financial History 



Northern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Easff.-rn 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Contral 
Insiane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Soufhern' Asylum 
Insane I for 
Hospi- Insane 
tal. Criminals. 



FISC.A.L Year ending Sept. 30. 1882. 

Jh: 



Balance brought down 

Miscellaneous income 

Overdraft. September 30.1882. 



8223,^61 70,532.5,121 IM S210.031 21 
14,43177' 5,102 88; 12.727 41 



S269.995 86I. 
9,249 22'. 



Total 



8237.893 53 S330.224 82 5222,758 62 S279.245 08 



Cr. 



Overdraft. October 1, 1881 

Disbursements 

Cash. September 30,1882 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 

Total 



143,598 71! 157,308 98 129,328 62i 179,2^7 92 
7,779 54 18..^53 5li 8,387 11' 23.944 83 
86,515 28 154,362 33 85.042 8) 76,012 33 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30.1883. 



Balance brought down . . . 
New a'ipropriations, 1883. 
Miscellaneous income. 
Ovenlraft. September 30,1883 

Total 



Overdraft, October 1.1882. 

Disbursements 

Cash. September 30, 1883 

Lapsed 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 



«237.893 53 8330.224 82 8222.758 62 8279,245 



,294 82 172,915 84 93.430 UO 99,9.i7 It.i 

-------- - - — - - I,,] 




Total 



221 

$362 



742 40 175,958 .".0 123,9,57 03 12t\024 95 

496 31 29,882 92 6.51122 20.120 90 

505 97 692 6ii 354 36 482 14 

051 70 881,731 86, 319,500 00 222.527 62 



Fiscal, Year ending Sept. 30, 1881. 
Dr. 



% 41 1.088.265 88 8480,322 61 



Balanee broucht down 
Miscellaneous incdme. 



Total 



8363,155 61 



518 IM| 011,614 78 356,011 22 242,648 52 
016 91! 5,132 48 10.764 37 10,424 78 



Ur. 



Overdraft. October 1,1883 

■ irtbursemcnts 

Cash. September 30,1881 

Appropriation, balance undrawn. 



Total 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30, 1885. 
Dr. 



8257.164 95|8917.U47 26,8366,775 59,8253.073 30 



,.549 31 435,475 30 190,011 83 145.864 51 
,398 25 31,4X6 74' 609 101 17,272 22 

,2:7 36 4511,(185 22 176,064 66 S9.936 54 



82..7,16l 95 5D17,047 26 8366.775 59 8253,073 30 



Bidanco broiicht down 110,615 61 481,.')71 96 176.76:? 76 107.208 76' 

New ar.proprialloiis. 1885 228.5.55 5:} 707,1(10 06 331. ("10 (id 2:U,;«S 00 

Mi.Hc.-lianeous income I 12.408 50j 8,985 02 9,653 73 10,1(^98 



Total 8351. .579 64 1.197.056 98 8417,417 49 8351.702 74' 



— Continued. 



9n 



Institu- 
tion fcir the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 

the 
Blind. 


Asylum 
for Feeble- 
Minded 
Children. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


SI 66, 811 23 


885,025 48 
2,582 93 


8122.109 88 
7.885 66 


890,120 67 
321 58 


838,259 81 


869,141 02 

4,476 35 

397 09 




81,600 028 86 


9,391 83 




66 169 63 


62 87 






459 96 
















$176,265 93 


887,608 41 


8129,995 54 


890.442 25 


838,259 81 


874.014 46 




81 666 708 45 


3,310 93 




3,310 93 
972 555 44 


107,058 98 


62,503 331 70.48.3 84 


50,036 08 

350 43 

40,055 74 


20,713 49 
1,122 63 
16,423 69 


52,235 49 






1.469 67 
23,635 41 


8,537 50 
50,974 20 




70,145 22 
620,696 86 


65,896 02 


2i,778 97 










3176.265 93 


§87,608 41 
25.105 08 


8129,995 54 

59,511 70 

125.000 00 

6.271 96 


890.442 25 

40,.406 17 

118,500 00 

363 16 


838,259 81 

17,546 32 

39,950 00 

433 00 


874,014 46 

21,778 97 

130,975 00 

6,434 00 

163 54 




81.666,708 45 

690,842 08 

2,491,546 77 

62 552 33 


^5.896 02 




210,000 00 71,250 0« 




9,352 08 1.627 21 




1,718 47 


1 




1,882 01 










$286,966 57 897.982 29 S190.783 66 


8159,269 33 


«57,929 32 


8159,351 51 

397 09 
45,810 26 




$3,246,823 19 


62 87 








459 96 


103.443 32 


35,261 85 

1,841 13 

12J 31 

60,750 00 


65,064 97 

11.358 40 

1,418 96 

112.941 33 


51,109 36 
4,266 66 


24, ,536 37 
762 17 




864 909 01 






93 239 74 








3 583 34 


183,460 38 


103. S93 31 


32,630 78 


113,144 16 




2,284 631 14 










§286,966 57 897.982 29i 8190.783 661 8159.269 33 


857,929 32 

33,392 95 
212 50 


8159,351 51 

113,144 16 

9,672 55 




83 246 823 19 


183,460 38 


62.591 13 


124.299 73 


108.159 97 
428 10 




2,377,870 88 


10,137 5ll 1,966 82 4,817 29 




68 473 31 










864,557 95 


S129,117 02 


8108,588 07 


833.605 45 


8122,816 71 

163 54 
88,110 60 

445 65 
34,096 92 




82,446,344 19 


1,718 47 




1 882 01 


113,642 13 


32.926 21! 64.810 10 61.;i37 22 


20,011 99 

487 80 




1,298,769 26 


2,34145! 5.427 98; 15,505 961 5,616 9! 




103,582 06 


75,895 84' 26,203 76 48.770 96 41833 941 13 20."; «« 




104 110 86 














8193,597 89 


964,557 95! 8129.117 02 


8108,588 07 

47.250 85 

105,400 00 

1,57 62 


833,605 45 

13, .593 46 
45,325 00 


8122,816 71 

34,542 57 

165,350 00 

8,533 42 




82,446,344 19 


78,237 29 

221,800 00 

9.640 51 


31,031 7) 

70,500 00 

1,826 24 


64,276 92 

131,000 00 

3.766 ,55 


■'266; 660 '66 


1,145,692 92 

2,440,358 53 

65,137 57 














8309,677 80 


8:03,957 98 


8199,043 47 


8152,808 47 


$58,918 46 


8208.425 99 


8200,000 00 


83,651,189 02 



26 



Financial Historv 



Northern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Eastfrn 

Insane 

Hospi- 

taL 



Central Southern Asylum 

Insane Insane for 

Hospi- HosDi- Insane 

taf. tal. Criminals. 



CV. 

Disbursements l?130,589 27 83."^7.844 77S183,60-J 70?115,426 31 

Lapsed 187.500 00, | 

Cash. September 30. 1885 1 26.718 05 29.103 12' 18.726 32 27,010 85 

Appropriation balance undrawn 194,272 32; 023. 149 09 315,086 47 209.265 58 



Total $351,579 G4S197.656 98S417.417 49 8351.702 74 

Fiscal Yeab ending Sept. 30, 1886. 
Dr. 



Balance brought do^vr 
Miscellaneous income. 



220,990 37 
19.916 79 



Total $240,907 16 



Cr. 



Disbursements 

Cash. September 30. 1886 

Appropriation balance undrawn. 



Total 



Fiscal Year ending Sept. 30, 1887. 
Dr. 



Balance brought down 

New appropri.itions, 1887 

Miscellaneous income 

Kcceipls on account of shoo shop 
Overdraft, September 30, 1887 .... 



Total 



Cr. 



Disbursements 

Lapsed 

Expended un account of shoe shop 

Cash. .September 30, 1887 

Appropriation balance undrawn — 



145,951 07 
15,220 25 
79,735 84 



8675,038 338344,799 488247.801 26 



372.6(a 62 193.619 89 141,162 47 

42.100 11 13.770 53 20.043 15 

260,274 60 137,409 06; 86,595 64 



8240.907 16 



94,956 09 

225.345 00 

9,279 82 



652,312 21 
22,726 12 



333,812 79 236,270 43 
10. .986 09 11.524 83 



8675.038 33 8344,799 48 8247.801 26 



302,374 71 

548,500 00 

22,068 29 



8329,580 91 8872.943 00 



105,073 57 



25.821 71 
198.085 63 



Total 5329,580 91 



Fiscal Year ending June 3o, 1888. 
(Nine Monihs.) 



JJr. 



Balance brought down 

Miscellaneous income 

Receipts on account of shoe shop. 



224.507 3! 
19,766 11 



Total 8244.273 45 

Cr. 



359,354 02 
2,000 00 



151,179 59 106.638 79 

324,500 00 220,477 00 

11.976 80; 13,060 44 



$487,656 3!> 8340.176 23 



173.442 75 134.499 09 
3 05 



51.149 37 27.210 59; 15.076 31 
460.439 61 287.000 00 190.600 83 



8872,943 OU 8487.056 39 5340,176 23 



511.5!>8 98 
20,598 74 



314,210 59 205,677 14 
7,177 52 10,682 87 



85;;2.157 72 8321.;<S8 11 §216,360 01 



Overdraft. October 1. 1887 

Disbur-omi'iitfi 

Expoudid on account of shoe shop. 

Cash, Jun.' 30. 1888 

Appropriation ba.auce undrawn — 



89,180 76 



47,913 32 
107. 179 37 



223.759 48 



50.1.73 54 
257.724 70 



130. .^76 19 90.824 84 



33.076 79] 16.440.59 
157,735 13, 109.094 58 



Total 8214, 273 458.^32.1.57 72!8821.388 118216.300 Oil 



— Continued. 



27 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 

the 
Blind. 


Asylum 

forFeeble- 
Minded 
Children. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


3111,521 98 


$40,882 30 


$74,635 82 


$53,946 17 
5 31 

8,986 85 
89,870 14 


$24,010 91 


$55,185 81 




$1,147,648 04 
187,505 31 
131 117 66 






3,821 33 


75 68 
63,000 00 


13,532 65 
110,875 00 


11 00 

34,896 55 


3.071 81 
150.168 37 




194,334 49 


$200,000 00 


2,184,918 01 


«309,677 80 

198,155 82 
8,741 00 


$103,957 98 

63,075 68 
3,894 76 


$199,043 47 

124,407 65 
4,115 33 


$152,808 47 

98,856 99 
382 72 


$58,918 46 

34,907 55 

352 58 


$208,425 99 

153,240 18 
10,247 85 


$200,000 00 

200,000 00 
121 60 


$3,651,189 02 

2,316,035 67 
93,010 27 


«206,896 82 

124,809 77 

3,793 07 

78,293 98 


$66,970 44 

38,102 02 

5,449 49 

23,418 93 


$128,522 98 

72,765 16 
9,882 82 
45,875 00 


$99,239 71 

54,970 01 

6,675 35 

37,594 35 


$25,260 13 

21,017 46 

27 

14,242 40 


$163,488 03 

111,107 94 
10,544 86 
41,835 29 


$200,121 60 

63,417 54 

121 60 

136,182 46 


$2,409,045 94 

1,339,586 95 
127,601 44 
941,857 55- 


$206,896 82 

82,087 05 

217,000 00 

8,879 40 


$66,970 44 

28,868 42 
76,600 00 
3,091 67 


$128,522 98 

55.757 82 

1.36,000 00 

4,4,56 87 


$99,239 71 

44,269 70 

113,500 00 

653 41 


$25,260 13 

14,242 67 
57.000 00 


$163,488 03 

52,380 09 

136.600 OH 

7,733 84 

18,384 05 


$200,121 60 

136,704 06 

406,500 00 

238 19 


$2,409,045 94 

1.069,458 99 

2.462,022 00 

81 438 73 






18 384 05 




2,66i 79 










2 661 79 
















$307,966 45 
102,045 21 


1111,221 88 
42.621 88 


$196,214 69 
70.060 88 


$158,423 11 

51,749 60 
62 


$71,242 67 
24.120 97 


8215,097 98 
82,230 57 


$543,442 25 
201.910 83 


$3,633,965 56 

1,347.109 40 
2 003 67 










16,670 3 

22,747 20 
93,449 28 




16 670 93 


20,336 53 




5,653 81 
120,500 0« 


8,891 15 
97,781 74 


5 25 
47,116 45 


5,680 60 
335.850 82 


182 572 52 


185,584 71 


68,600 00 


2,085,609 07 


$307,966 45 

205,921 24 
10,315 30 


$111,221 88 

68,600 00 
3,274 71 


$196,214 69 

126,153 81 
5,046 59 


$158,423 11 

106,672 89 
237 47 


$71,242 67 
47,121 70 


$215,097 98 

116,196 48 

27 29 
90,808 48 


$543,442 25 

341,531 42 
1.041 41 


$3,633,965 56 

2,268,181 59 
78 138 01 






90,808 48 
















$216,236 54 


871,874 71 

2,661 79 
30,532 74 


$131,200 40 


$106,910 36 


$47,121 70 


$207,032 25 


$342,572 83 


$2,437,128 08 
2,661 79 


100.776 02 


54.233 70 


39,741 40 


20,464 15 


43,434 33 
91,662 34 
20,(135 58 
51,300 00 


178,579 74 


1,002,103 35 
91,662 34 


10,534 40 
104.926 12 


575 41 
38,104 77 


6,186 41 
70,780 29 


11,564 91 
55.604 05 


145 08 
26,512 47 


7,475 14 
156,517 95 


205,221 17 
1,135,479 43 


$216,236 54 


$71,874 71 


$131,200 40 


$106,910 36 


$47,121 70 


$207,032 25 


$342,572 83 


$2,437,128 OS 



28 



Financial Historr 



Northern Eastern 
Insane I Insane 
Hospi- Hospi- 
tal, tal. 



Central 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Southern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Asylum 

for 

Insane 

Criminals. 



Fiscal Yeab ending June 30, 1889. 
Dr. 



Balau' • e brought down 

Miscellaneous Income 

Receiiits on account of shoe shop. 



8155,092 69iS308,S98 24 8190,811 92 S125. sai 17 
13,534 73, 18,234 28 13. 470 25 11.283 57 



Total 



Cr 



Disbui sements 

Expondi'ii on account of shoe shop. 

Cash. June 30. 1889 

Appropriation, balance undrawn... 



3168,627 42 



120.595 82 



45,707 61 
2,323 99 



Total. 



Fiscal Yeab ending June 30. 1890. 
£>r. 



Balance brought down 

New appropriations, 1889 

Misc'i'llaneous income 

Receipts on a-count of shoe shop. 



8168,627 42 



48,031 60 

314,990 00 

11,822 48 



Total 



8374,844 08 



Cr. 



Disbursements i 119, 749 13 

Lapsed 69 

Expended on ao.ount of shoe shop i 

Cash, June 30, 1890 34,123 03 

Approiiriation, balance undrawn 220,971 23 



Total 3374,844 

Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1891. 
Dr. 



Ba'ance brought down 

Mis-ellaiieous income 

Keeeiiils on account of shoe shop. 



Total. 



Cr. 



Disbiirsrments 

Expended dtx account of shoe shop. 

Cash, June 30, 1891 

Ai)propriation, balance undrawn... 



Total. 



255,094 26 
23, '.'i2 81 



8278.347 07 



232,322 89 



33,907 65 
12.116 53 



8278,347 07 



8326,632 62 8204,282 17 8136,818 74 



278,062 57i 156.900 41 111.741 56 



44,77153 43,850 49 23,639 69 
3,798 42 3,531 27 1,437 49 



8326,632 52 8204,2.82 17 8136,818 74 



48.569 95 47,38176; 25,077 18 

537,000 00 411,707 TO 343,450 00 850,000 00 
24,684 60 13,517 89 11.918 82 



S610.2.54 55 8472,607 35 8380, 446 00 850,000 00 



325.688 63i 209,729 73 149.521 31 
174 651 i 



26.293 90 19,»34 75 24,716 47 
258,097 47 243,842 87 206,208 2: 



8610,254 55 8472,607 35 8380,446 00 



284,391 37 262.877 62 
25.191 78 13.353 26 



230.924 69 
8,484 79 



3309,583 15 8276.230 88 8239,309 48 



50,000 00 



850.000 W 



50.000 00 



850.000 00 



290,830 94. 208,383 21 198,581 27l 23,428 10 



15,226 75 
3,526 46 



29,081 37 20,380 12' 

38,706 30 20.448 091 26.57190 



$309, ,583 1518276,230 88l8i39,409 481 860.000 00 



— Continued. 



29 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 

the 
Blind. 


Asylum 
forFeeble- 

Minded 
Children. 


Soldi^^rs' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 

Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


S115,460 52 
9,712 81 


S38,680 18 
4,652 80 


$76,966 70 
7,547 95 


867, 168 96 
549 68 


826.657 55 


$71,935 58 

269 75 

122.928 86 


8163.993 09 
3,533 73 


$1,340,700 60 
82,789 55 






122,928 86 
















»125, 173 33 
107.166 82 


$43,332 98 
43,034 04 


$84,514 65 
75,775 36 


$67,718 64 
49,684 26 


826.657 55 
26,201 13 


$195,134 19 

54.895 74 

121,110 45 

19,055 11 

72 89 


$167,526 82 
159,758 95 


$1,546,419 01 

1,183.316 66 
121,110 45 


18,006 51 


146 06 
152 88 


6,691 02 
1.778 27 


17,968 31 
66 07 


242 94 
213 48 


6,073 86 
1,694 01 


226,423 13 
15,068 77 






§125,173 33 

18,006 51 

228.200 00 

13,244 91 


543,332 98 

298 94 

107,750 00 

3.898 95 


$84,514 65 

8,739 29 

180,900 00 

6,325 08 


$67,718 64 

18,034 38 

170,618 00 

4.2IS 3.S 


$26,657 55 

456 42 
59,552 00 


8195.134 19 

19,128 00 

96.600 00 

302 80 

56,942 83 


8167,526 82 

7,767 87 

292,000 00 

2,014 83 


81,546,419 01 

241,491 90 

2,792,767 70 

91,948 69 








56,942 83 














$259,451 42 
124,660 94 


$111,947 89 
64,321 29 


$195,964 37 

92,354 78 
205 30 


8192,870 71 
121,411 78 


$60,008 42 
27,901 89 


8172,973 63 
55, 142 12 


$301,782 70 
154,445 90 


83,183,151 12 

1,444,927 50 
380 54 










52,327 54 
17,131 08 
48,372 89 




52,327 54 


27,642 19 
107,148 29 


405 70 
47,220 90 


7,474 61 
95,929 68 


18,947 07 
52,511 86 


2,936 26 
29,170 27 


11,836 80 
135,500 00 


190,541 86 
1,494,973 68 


1259,451 42 

134,790 48 
12,342 39 


8111,947 89 

47,626 60 
5,077 73 


$195,964 37 

103,404 29 
9,188 18 


$192,870 71 

71 458 93 
812 69 


860,008 42 
32,106 53 


8172,973 63 

65,503 97 

786 95 

54,379 12 


8301,782 70 

147,336 80 
1,339 52 


83,183,151 12 

1,685,515 54 
99,830 10 






54,379 12 
















$147,132 87 
126.354 35 


$52,704 33 
48,777 77 


$112,592 47 
106,454 19 


872,271 62 
54,171 97 


832,106 53 
29,736 96 


$120,670 04 

58,997 96 
58,365 60 
3,306 48 


8148,676 32 
138,226 97 


81,839,724 76 

1,516,266 58 
58,365 60 


19.629 73 
1,148 79 


1,930 52 
1,996 04 


4,698 72 
1,43!J 56 


18,038 83 
60 82 


2,369 57 


8,436 22 
2,013 13 


157,005 96 
108,086 62 










8147,132 87 


$52,704 33 


$112,592 47 


872.271 62 


832.106 53 


8120,670 04 


8148,676 32 


81.839,724 76 



80 



FinaDcial History 



Northern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Eastern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal. 



Central 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal: 



Southern 
Insane 
Hospi- 
tal 



Asylum 

for 

Insane 

Criminals. 



Fiscal Yeah ending June 30. 1892. 
Br. 



Balance brought down .. 
New appropriations, 1891 
Miscellaueous income 



S46,024 18 818.7.52 21' S«7.817 f,?! S40.S2S 21 826.571 90 
345.184 00 7.57. 1G9 Od 356,200 00 2'8.182 00, 52.200 00 



16.055 081 22.657 69 



Total 



8407.263 26 



8798,578 90 



Cr. 



Disbur.'iements 

Lapsed 

Amount transferred to managers of 

the Illinois Reformatory 

Cash, June 30, 1892 

Appropriation, balance undrawn 



211,474 02 421>.029 84 
421 21 



35,592 94 5,272 79 
159.775 09i 364,276 27 



Total 



8407,263 2618798,578 90 



13.171 01 



8437,218 t» 



223,309 92 
2.094 48 



8,617 34 
203.196 94 



8437,218 68 



12,015 64 



87 26 



8331.025 85| 878.859 16 



162.929 45 
1.548 55 



44,090 07 



22.667 631 
143.880 221 



313 11 
34,455 98 



8331. i>25 85 878.859 16 



— Continued. 



31 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 

the 
Blind. 


Asylum 
forFeeble- 

Minded 
Children. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home, 


Total. 


520,778 52 
218,100 00 


83,926 56 

112,540 00 

6,495 00 


#6,138 28 
196, 400 00 


$18,099 65 
117 sr.o 00 


S2,369 57 
58,550 00 


S3, 306 48 


S10,449 35 

343,300 00 

2,835 16 


$265,092 58 
2,835,175 00 


13,926 56 


8,802 24 259 07 




96,304 71 










8252,805 08 
140,104 54 


«122,961 56 

77,835 00 
466 59 


S211,340 52 

126,551 62 
5 14 


S135,7G8 72 
77,075 98 


S60,919 57 
26,686 46 


$3,306 48 


$356,584 51 
184, l;» 27 


$3,196,572 29 
1,703,222 17 






4,535 97 








3,306 48 




3 306 48 


6,435 22 832 88 


2, 891 78 


2.136 48 


3,318 33 
30,914 78 


18,413 78 
154,035 46 


106, 492 28 


106,265 32 


43,827 69 


81,891 98 56,496 26 




1,379,015 39 








$252,805 08 


«122,961 56 


«211,340 52 »135,705 72 


S60,919 57 


S3, .306 48 8356,584 51 


$3,196,572 29 



32 



Consolidated Account, Deceni- 



Northern I Eastern 

Insane Insane 

Hospital. Hospital. 



Central 

Insane 

Hospital. 



Southern { Asylum 
Insane {for Insane 
Ho8)>ital. I Criminals. 



Br. 



Balance, December 1. 1874: 

Cash SO.fi'il :« 

Appropriii ion« 3i>,75(i 92 

New appropriations 2,292, 489 l.VS1.2.i3,iil9 00 2 



Miscellaneous income 

Receipts on account of shoe-shop. 



Total 



2.51,501 31! 18.5,250 04 



Cr. 



Disbursements 

Expemied on account of shoe-shop. 

Lapsed 

Cash, Juno30,lS02 

Appriipruition, balanr^je undrawn ... 

Transferred to managers of Illinois 

State Kef ormatory 



82,580,408 TO 54,438,875 04 



2,390,112 86 3,878,958 83 



S1,878G2 54,808 74! 
62,:-33 33 60,. Wl OJ 
■34,100 87l2,26«,022 'K) S102,200 00 



227,077 82 



109,609 80 



87 26 



53,025.990 04 52.499.091 58 5102,287 26 



2,809,530 47 2,3.30,138 4« 



67,518 17 



927 87 190,367 18 4,051 89: 
35,592 94 5,272 79| 8,017 34 
159,775 09, 304.277 27 203.196 941 



Total 52.580.408 76]54,43S,875 04 



New appropriations, 1875 i 200, 480 00 

1877 244,447 851 

1879 [ 222,030 00 

1881 250.735 00 

188;< ! 2.54,721 771 

228,555 53 
225,345 00 
314,990 00 
345.181 OOi 



1885. 
1887. 
188<»... 
1S91... 



200,000 
257,-500 
336,350 
9]i',00U 
707,100 
548,. 500 
537,000 
757, 109 



2.405 27 

22,667 63 313 11 

143,880 22 31.455 98 



53,025,906 64 



1!>2, 
273, 
255, 
I'O: 211, 
00 1 377, 
OO 3;{|, 
00 324, 
00, 411. 
00, 356. 



52,499,09158! 5102,287 21 



284, 
194 
174, 
280. 
254. 
234, 
220 



701 343 
00! 278, 



300 00 

00 00 
000 ool 
435 no 
150 00 
3J8 00 
477 00' 
450 00 
182 00 



50, 000 00 
52,21K) 00 



Total 
Lapsed, 



?2,292,489 15 54,253,619 00 52,734,100 87 52,204,022 00 8102,200 00 



1875. 
1877. 
1879. 
1883. 
18S5. 
1887. 
1889. 
1891. 



505 97 



Total 



Miscellaneous income, 1875. 
1876. 
1877. 

1.S78. 
1879. 
1880. 
1881. 
•; 1>>S2. 

1883. 
1881. 
1885. 
1886. 
1887. 
1888. 
1889. 
IS'.KI. 
1891. 
1892. 



69 
421 21 



692 60 

187,500 00 

2. 000 00 

174 55 



8927 87 

9.151 90 
22.2.50 78' 
12.032 44! 

7.906 88' 

4,470 59; 
11,260 99 
12,559 9l! 
14,431 77' 
13,77!t 82 
14,616 91! 
12,408 .50 i 
19.916 79 

9,279 82 
19,706 11 
V.i.r^'H 73 
11.822 48 
2:5,2.52 81 
16,055 08 1 



8190,3.7 15 



2,200 00 
354 36 



3 05 
'2,'694'48 



491 00 

690 19 

3,072 93 

5,102 8S 

5,350 04 

5,432 48 

8.985 02 

22,726 12 

22,068 29 

20.. ^68 74 

18,2:U 28 

24.684 60 

25.191 7S 

22,057 09 



Total I 8251,501 311 8185,256 01 5227.677 82 8169.609 80 



18.399 26 
20,N43 '.>2 
18,780 64 
11,53S 96 
10,7S2 95 
9,287 70 

11.3.52 85 
12,727 41 

9, 892 61 
10,764 37 

9.6.53 73 
10,980 69 
11,976 80 

7,177 .52 
13. 470 25 
13,517 89 

13.3.53 26 
13,171 06 



168 12 
206 46 1 
482 14 



1,548 55 



84,651 89 82.405 27 



4.063 50 
6,347 82 
8, 932 t)7 
4,807 83 
9, 172 52 
8,394 06 
10.031 01 
9.249 22 
9,048 45 
10,424 78 
10.165 98 
11.62-1 83 
13.000 44 
10.682 87 
11,283.57 
11,918 82 
8.481 79 
12,015 64 



887 26 



887 26 



S3 



ber 1, 1874, to June 3(}, IS 92. 



Institu- 
tion for the 
Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 
the Blind. 


Asylum 
for Feeble- 
Mind ed. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home, 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


Stale 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


?27,933 83 


»].492 98 

14,551 (» 

716.190 25 

49,449 58 


$7,338 30 

14,247 29 

1,392,770 00 

93.437 31 


$6, 156 65 

30,022 2() 

l,009,14:i 00 

12.487 76 


$2,393 23 

9,500 00 

417.514 00 

7,178 99 


$1,163 77 




$59,887 50 


43 214 16 


14,562 93 
820,215 0( 

78,767 16 
343.443 34 




284 779 58 


1,824,129 00 
169,090 17 


$1,211,800 00 
11,124 44 


19.068.198 27 

1.255.667 64 

343,443 34 
















?2,064.367 16 
1.951.653 04 


1781,684 46 
736.276 87 


$1,507,792 90 
1,421.379 73 


$1,057,809 67 
998.932 62 


$436,586 22 
402,353 11 


$1,258,152 20 

914,708 86 
340, 136 86 


$1,252,924 44 
1.080.475 20 


$21,011,976 33 

18,982,038 22 
340,1.36 86 


13 .",8 


747 62 

&32 88 

43,827 09 


1,629 41 

2,891 78 

81,891 98 


244 31 

2,136 48 

56, 496 26 






200,987 10 


6.435 22 


3,318 33 




18.413 78 
154,035 46 


106 492 28 


106.265 32 


30,914 78 




1,379,015 39 




3,306 48 


3,306 48 
















$2,064,367 16 
181,750 00 


S781,684 46 

63,000 00 
62,201 25 
52,634 00 
99.715 00 
71.250 00 
70.500 00 
76,600 00 
107,750 00 
112,540 00 


$1,507,792 90 

234,000 00 
154,940 00 
117,255 00 
117,275 00 
125,000 00 
131,000 00 
130,000 00 
180,900 00 
196,400 00 


$1,057,809 67 

103,500 00 

99,475 00 

83,000 00 

97. 800 00 

118,500 00 

105,400 00 

113,500 00 

170,618 00 

117.350 00 


$436,586 22 

24,300 09 
55,925 00 
.38,000 00 
38,912 00 
39,950 00 
45,325 00 
57,000 00 
59,552 00 
58,550 00 


$1,258,152 20 

87,000 00 

71,800 00 

55,600 00 

76,290 00 

130,975 0(1 

165,350 00 

136,600 00 

96,600 00 


11,252,924 44 


$21,011,976 3S 
1.376,830 OO 


178,000 00 




1,535,442 27 


176,979 00 




1,432,494 00 


192.300 00 




1.701,562 00 


210.000 00 




2,491,546 77 


221,800 00 
217,000 00 
228, 2»0 00 
218,100 00 


200, 000 00 
406,500 00 
292,000 00 
343,300 00 


2,440,358 53 
2.462.022 00 
2,792,767 70 
2,835,175 00 








«1.824.129 00 
26 


$716,190 25 


51.392.770 00 
01 


$1,009,143 00 

22 26 
216 12 


$417,514 00 


$820,215 00 


$1 241,800 00 


$19,068.198 27 
22 55 


13 32 


6 08 
145 64 
129 31 








403 64 












2 552 10 




1.418 96 










3.583 34 
187 505 31 




5 .31 

62 




















2' 003 67 






205 30 
5 14 








380 54 




466 59 










4.535 97 














§13 58 


$747 62 

1,292 15 
1,749 25 
1,280 30 
2,220 04 
1,697 54 
1.497 91 
1,323 57 
2,582 93 
1.627 2i 
1.966 82 
1.826 24 
3,894 76 
3,091 67 
3,274 71 
4,652 80 
3,898 95 
5,077 73 
6,495 00 


SI, 629 41 

2,423 01 
2,6.30 56 
2.140 14 
3.686 80 

2.816 66 
5,132 65 
6,383 79 
7,885 66 
6,271 96 

4.817 29 
3,766 65 
4,115 33 
4,456 87 
5, 046 59 
7,547 95 
6,325 08 
9.188 18 
8,802 24 


$244 31 

463 12 
681 79 
84 26 
738 92 
237 22 

1,233 66 
664 96 
321 58 
363 16 
428 10 
157 62 
382 72 
653 41 
237 47 
549 68 

4,218 33 
812 69 
259 07 








$200,987 10 


8.971 15 


1,870 87 

2,265 89 

1,308 50 

100 00 

80 00 


5,388 33 

3,325 34 

3,494 31 

5,208 56 

5.625 59 

4.009 67 

3,230 56 

4,476 35 

6.434 00 

9,672 55 

8,533 4? 

10,247 85 

7,733 84 

27 29 

269 75 

302 80 

786 95 




52.026 29 


4,204 40 




64 299 75 


4,974 47 




53,027 53 


8, 242 04 




44 450 03 






43,498 90 


12,369 82 




53.877 25 


9,519 16 


555 65 




58 694 99 


9,391 83 




66,169 63 


9,352 08 


433 00 
212 50 




62,552 33 


10,137 51 




68.473 31 


9,640 51 




65.137 b7 


8.741 00 
8. 879 40 


352 58 


121 60 
238 19 
1,041 41 
3,533 73 
2.014 83 
1,339 52 
2,835 16 


93.010 27 
81,438 73 


10,315 30 




78,138 01 






82,789 55 


13,244 91 




91,948 69 


12,342 39 




99,830 n 


13.926 56 




96,304 71 










S169.090 17 


149.449 58 


S93,437 31 


$12,487 76 


$7,178 99 


178,767 16 


$11,124 44 


$1,255,667 64 



—3 P. C. 



:U 



Consolidated Account 





Northern 

Insane 

Hospital. 


Ea.stern : 
Insane 1 
Hospital. 


Central 

Insane 

Hospital. 


Southern 

Insane 
Hospital. 


Asylum 
for Insane 
Criminals. 




S89.066 99 
117.198 2:^ 
12:j.757 66 
12:l.578 !t2 
112.843 51 
121.806 85 
131.033 72 
143.598 71 
119.742 40 
146.519 34 
130.589 27 
145.951 07 
105.073 57 
89. 180 76 
120.595 82 
119.749 13 
232.322 89 
211,474 t'2 

82.390.11286 




888,648 00 
112, ••16 83 
124,344 12 
1.55.097 95 
154,327 87 
i:to,3«8 65 
121,842 77 
129.. S28 62 
123,957 03 
19ft, on 83 
183,604 70 
193.619 89 
173,442 75 
1.30, .576 19 
156.900 41 
209.729 TS 
208.383 21 
223.309 92 


SJ1.3no 47 
107.575 44 
164.230 62 

91.374 23 
100.015 32 

9<<,580 33 
127.198 34 
179. 2a7 92 
120.024 95 
145,8'j4 51 
115,4-26 31 
141.162 47 
134.499 09 

90.821 84 
111,741 56 
149.521 31 
198.581 27 
162.929 45 






1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1884 

1885 

1886 

18S7 

1888 








$15,298 65 
84.897 89 
107.514 88 
139.M6 841 
125.453 92 
157.308 981 
175.958 50 ; 
435.475 30' 
3^.7.844 77 
372. 6t3 621 
359.354 021 
223,759 48' 
V78.062 571 
325.688 63 
290.830 94 
429.029 84 


















































1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 










823.428 10 
44.090 07 


Tota 


1 


83.878.958 83J; 


S2.809.530 47 


52.330,138 46 


867.618 17 



— Coutiiiued. 



35 



Institu- 
ion for the 
Deaf and 

Dumb. 


Institu- 
tion for 
the Bhnd. 


Asylum 

forFeeble- 

Minded. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


$98 237 67 


S29,715 93 
28,974 85 
29,710 79 
2;t,670 62 
33,282 13 
27,271 26 
40,852 86 
(i2, 503 33 
35,261 85 
32,926 21 
40,882 30 
38,102 02 
42,621 88 
30,5.<2 74 
43,034 04 
64,321 20 
48,777 77 
77,835 00 


S33,462 20 

108,720 13 

154,688 14 

66,668 03 

50.893 25 

71.894 10 
61,824 46 
70,483 84 
65,064 97 
64,840 10 
74,63") 82 
72,765 16 
70,060 88 
54,233 70 
75,775 86 
92,354 78 

106,454 19 
126,551 62 


$47,916 72 
4S, 053 25 
47,372 14 
46,667 05 
46,942 55 
48,591 60 
48,155 48 
50,0.36 08 
51,109 36 
61,337 22 
53,946 17 
54,970 01 
51,749 60 
39,741 40 
49,684 26 

121,411 78 
54. 171 97 
77,075 98 


$11,833 37 
17,408 06 
27,980 84 
26,956 22 
16,491 17 
17,729 25 
18,5.52 42 
20,713 49 
24,536 37 
20,011 99 
24,010 9! 
21,017 46 
24,120 97 
20,464 15 
26,201 13 
27,901 89 
29,736 96 
26,686 46 


$28,789 03 
45,767 75 
37,206 72 
48.970 55 
34,327 32 
37,027 76 
35,378 91 
52,235 49 
45,810 26 
88,110 60 
55, 185 81 

111,107 91 
82,230 57 
43,434 33 
51,895 74 
55,142 12 
58,997 96 




$518,970 38 


104 079 59 




680,803 13 


89,685 34 
99,838 67 
94,676 31 
94,1.30 70 
109,420 70 
107,058 98 
103 443 32 




814,365 02 




779,720 13 




751,314 31 




787,237 34 




8r0.713 58 




972,555 44 




864,909 01 


113,642 13 
111 521 98 




1,298,769 26 




1,147,648 04 


124,809 77 
102,045 21 
100,776 (.2 
107,166 82 
124,660 94 
126,354 35 
140, 104 54 


«63,4i7 54 
201,910 83 
178,579 74 
150,758 95 
154,445 90 
138,226 97 
184, 135 27 

$1,080,475 20 


1,339, .586 95 
1,347,109 37 
1,002,103 35 
1,183,816 66 
1,444,927 ,50 
1,516,266 58 
1,703.222 17 








-Sl,951.653 04 


$736,276 87 


11,421,899 73 


$998,932 62 


$102,353 11 


§904,708 86 


$18,982,038 22 



36 



anmal. oijuinahv expenses, for eighteen fiscal years, frou! 
I)E(;e.mi{Er 1, 18; 4, to june 30, 1892. 

\V«^ apppiid, also, the followiiifi; table, which shows the ordi- 
nary expenses of each institution for each fiscal year, since the 
year 1875; the net cost to .the state of Illinois; the averaji:e 
number of inmates durino; each year; and the ])er capita rate 
per annuiii, u'ross and net. The date of closing the fiscal year 
has been changed twice, during the ])ast sixteen years. Before 
1875, the fiscal year closed on the 30th of November, but, in 
1875, it closed on the 1st of October, so that the expenses for 
1875 cover only ten calendar months. Since 1888. the fiscal 
year has closed on the 1st of July, so that the expenses for 
that year cover only nine calendar months. In calculating the 
rate per capita, however, the.se changes have been taken into 
account, and tiie rate is stated at the figure which it would 
have reached, if the fiscal year had consisted of twelve full 
months. The fact that the three months taken off from the 
fiscal year 1888 weiv those in which the educational institutions 
have a vacation tended to increase the average number of in- 
mates for that particular year, and correspondingly to dimin- 
i.sh the per capita cost. This remark applies to the Institutions 
for the Deaf and Dumb and for the Blind, the Asylum for Feeble- 
Minded Children, and the Soldiers' Orphans' Home. 

An examination of tlie table will satisfy an attentive reader 
that there has been, on the whole, a decided and steady im- 
provement in the financial management of the state institutions. 



Northern Hospital for the Insane, at Elgin. 



Yeae. 


Gross 
ordinary 
expenses. 


Income 

not from 

state. 


Cost 
to state. 


1^ 
P 


Pee Capita Cost. 


Gross. Net. 


1875.. 


«77.601 50 
105,S18 85 
107,713 62 
104,080 09 
110,667 56 
104,167 16 
117,547 66 
110,465 96 
106,257 21 
109.549 44 
107.487 06 
115.021 90 
96.4.57 70 
73.124 43 
101,272 04 
90.224 81 
105.427 72 
143.778 84 


89.154 90 

22,250 78 


868.446 60 
83.098 07 
nr. (isi IS 


307 
466 
464 
498 
521 
.521 
522 
519 
526 
526 
528 
.533 
534 
527 
,531 
513 
599 
905 


8803 32 
227 63 
232 14 
208 99 
212 39 
200 10 
225 01 
212 81 

202 15 
208 45 

203 67 
216 00 
180 56 
185 00 
190 60 

175 73 

176 05 
1.58 79 


8222 92 
178 :;2 


1876 


1877 


12 032 44 


206 21 


1878 


7,9n6 88i 96,173 21 
7.470 59| 103.196 97 
11,260 9!» '1'? !•«<; 17 


joij 12 


1879 


!"•« 07 


1880 


178 32 


1881 


11,799 91 
11,003 27 
10, 157 46 


105.747 75 
99.462 t.9 
96,009 75 


oyo 58 


1882 


111 64 


1883 


182 70 


1884 


14 tflfi 91 


<(.i <«•> r.a 


180 48 


1K85 


12,"408 50| 95.'078 5i5 
19.916 79 95,105 11 
6. .580 36 89.877 34 
9.6,W i,b 63.470 88 
6,901 18 1' :w> Si; 


180 64 


1886 


178 4;? 


1887 


168 24 


1888 


160 57 


1889 


177 61 


1890 


H.681 98 
8.142 43 
9.210 58 


81.542 S3 
97.285 29 
134.568 2(> 


i.58 82 


1891 


162 46 


1892 


148 62 






Total 


81.886.193 65 


8199.149 50 


81.687.044 05 


530 


8197 71 


8176 84 





87 



Eastern Hospital for the Insane, at Kankakee. 



Yeab. 


Gross 
ordinary 
expenses. 


Income 

not from 

.state. 


Cost 
to state. 


c a> 


Pee Capita Cost. 


Gross. 


Net. 


1879 


S2,286 60 
35,419 86 
62,071 38 


5491 00 

690 19 

3 (172 9.S 


SI, 795 60 

34,729 67 

58,9ii8 45 

71,722 48 

87,667 92 

97,621 25 

198,440 16 

225,895 18 

224,881 21 

183.047 46 

242,116 09 

232,718 89 

247,111 47 

252,477 15 








1880 


63 

185 

308 

399 

515 

1,119 

1,471 

1,518 

1,577 

1,633 

1.675 

1,707 

1,703 


S558 14 
335 63 
249 68 
233 14 
200 25 
185 42 
169 07 
162 65 
172 20 
159 44 
153 63 
159 53 
161 56 


S551 27 


1881 


318 91 


1882 


76,825 361 5 J02 88 
93,017 96 5.35(1 04 


232 87 


1883 


219 72 


1884 


103,053 73 
207,425 18 
248,621 30 
246,952 50 
203,616 2i) 
260,3511 37 
257,403 49 
272,303 25 
275, 134 84 


5,432 48 

8.985 02 

22,726 }2 

22,0t;8 29 

20,568 74 

18,234 28 

^ 24.684 60 

■ 25,191 78 

22,657 69 


189 56 


1885 


177 34 


1886 


153 57 


1887 


148 11 


1888 


154 80 


1H8'J 


148 27 


1890 


138 90 


1891 


144 77 


1892 


148 26 






Total 


32,344.482 C2 


$185,256 04 


82,159.225 98 


1,067 


$169 00 


8'155 64 







Central Hospital for the Insane, at Jacksonville. 



1875 

1876 

1^7 

1878 

1879 

18S0 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1884 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

189J 

1891 

1892 

Total. 



$78,636 35 


$18,399 26 


$60,237 09 


470 


S200 77 


$161 63 


109,218 90 


20,8 3 92 


88, 404 98 


467 


234 15 


189 30 


96,835 16 


18,780 64 


78,054 52 


487 


198 84 


160 27 


10(3,905 73 


11,538 m 


95,366 77 


496 


215 54 


192 27 


105.075 30 


10,782 95 


94,292 35 


566 


185 52 


166 59 


116,955 06 


9,287 70 


107,667 36 


625 


187 29 


172 27 


113,638 17 


11,352 85 


102,285 32 


639 


177 91 


100 07 


120,613 77 


12,727 41 


107,916 36 


639 


188 90 


169 04 


114,291 84 


9,892 61 


101,399 2.-! 


630 


181 42 


165 71 


121,902 78 


10,764 37 


111,138 41 


629 


193 74 


175 69 


118,768 31 


9, 653 72 


109.114 58 


641 


185 31 


170 23 


153, 146 73 


10,986 69 


142, 160 04 


856 


178 91 


166 08 


149, 669 35 


11,976 80 


137. (i92 55 


918 


163 03 


149 98 


114,974 46 


7,177 52 


107,790 91 


9u7 


169 00 


168 45 


149,429 86 


13.47'- 25 


135,959 61 


911 


164 03 


149 25 


147.812 21 


13,517 89 


134,294 32 


900 


164 25 


149 23 


151,716 89 


13,353 26 


138,363 63 


913 


166 16 


151 54 


178,703 20 


13,171 01 


165.532 19 


1,079 


165 62 


153 42 


$2,248,354 07 


$227,677 82 


$2,020,676 25 


709 


$176 02 


8158 20 



Southern Hospital foi the Insane, at Anna. 



1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1881 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 

Total 



103, 
102, 
109, 
111, 
121. 
87, 
108, 
103. 
112. 
133, 



$4,063 50 

6,078 74 

7,845 66 

4,807 83 

9.172 52 

8,394 66 

10,031 61 

9,249 22 

9,048 45 

10,424 78 

10,165 98 

11,524 83 

13,060 44 

10,682 87 

11,283 57 

11,918 82 

8,484 79 

12,015 64 



$1,684,858 79 $168,253 91 



$34,813 23 


148 


44,932 94 


204 


49,331 or 


246 


75,232 58 


394 


73,549 03 


466 


84,596 04 


498 


78,520 84 


498 


88,931 55 


493 


94,944 90 


526 


92.264 42 


576 


99, .331 85 


636 


100,444 08 


655 


108,042 00 


646 


76,829 31 


63(1 


97,5311 16 


640 


91,579 60 


612 


104,083 19 


619 


121,648 06 


802 


81,516,601 88 


516 



$315 22 
250 (>.". 
231 48 
203 15 
177 66 

186 64 

177 83 
199 18 
197 .57 

178 18 
172 29 
170 99 

187 61 
185 35 
170 05 
169 07 
181 99 
166 63 



$181 38 



$287 76 
220 2C 
200 53 
190 94 
157 83 
169 87 
1^7 67 
180 39 
180 60 
160 18 
156 18 
153 35 

167 38 
162 72 
152 41 
149 60 

168 27 
151 65 



$163 27 



38 



Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 



Year. 



1875. 

1876. 

1877. 

1878. 

1879. 

]8>0. 

1881 

18^2. 

1883. 

188). 

1885. 

1886. 

18K7. 

1888. 

1889. 

1890. 

1891. 

1892. 



Gross 
ordinary 
expenses. 



Income 

not from 

state. 



$55, 
79 
77, 
87, 
82, 
8H, 
96, 
94, 

102, 

100, 

105. 
107. 
105. 
82, 
105, 
111. 
114. 
121, 



88,971 15 
4,1:'3 15 
4,974 47 
8,212 04 
.5,12* 83 

12,369 82 
9,519 16 
9,391 83 
9,3.52 08 

10.137 51 
9,C40 51 
8.741 00 
8,879 40 

10,315 30 
9,712 81 

13,244 91 

12,3)2 39 

13.!t26 56 



Cost 
to State. 



!|3 



W6.289 71 
75.612 38 
72,830 45: 
79,532 29 
77.598 90| 
75,754 79 1 
87,257 39, 
8.5,259 90 
92,828 89 
98.930 21 
95.6112 25| 
9!».2<i9 59; 
97,098 •'9 
72.512 71 1 
96.202 99| 
98.282 41 
102.517 94 1 
107.543 561 



219 
257 
263 
304 
.301 
307 
359 
3)0 
374 
.368 
369 
373 
362 
467 1 
365 
364 
371 
373 



Feb Capita Cost. 



Gross. 



$302 S0| 

310 5:^; 

295 88' 
286 84 1 
274 91 
2S6 67, 
2<J9 .58 
278 561 
273 551 
271 83! 
•285 37 1 

289 521 
292 57 
236 23 

290 47 
306 291 
309 64 
325 84 



Net. 



$261 84 
29) 21 
276 92- 
261 62 

257 80 
252 77 
243 06 
250 77 
2)8 21 
24) 38 
259 08 
2tK; 97 
26K (Ki 
206 81 
2iXl 8) 
26!* 92 
276 S7 

258 48 



Total i $1,720,943 371 $169,078 92,81,551,864 45 341 



$280 47 1 



$252 91 



Institution for the Education of the Blind, at Jacksonville. 



1875 


$24,7(« 77 
2., 730 15 
24,979 22 
27.779 31 
27,913 51 
2.5.-599 61 
28.:S4S 73 
25,447 01 
27,aV2 06 
31,157 69 
33.388 69 
33.58:J 47 
39,70;» 80 
26.4)5 35 
37.318 70 
41.602 47 
41,S'i3 13 
47,<i;U 51 


81,292 15 
1,749 25 
1,280 30 
2.2io 04 
1,6!I7 54 
1.497 91 
1,323 57 
2.582 93 
1,627 21 
l,96(i 82 
1.82ti 24 
3.8'.'5 76 
3.091 67 
3,274 71 
4,65i 80 
3,898 95 
5,077 73 
6.495 00 


$23,471 62 
23,980 90 
23,698 92 
25.5.59 27 
26.215 97 
21.101 70 
27,02'. 16 
22, MM 08 
26,224 H5 
29. 190 87 
31,562 45 
29,6^7 71 
36,618 13 
23,170 64 
32.665 90 
.37.763 52 
36,785 40 
41,136 51 


62 

55 

57 

72 

75 

78 

77 

6) 

79 

93 

98 

109 

124 

146 

111 

121 

136 

161 


8479 29 
467 82 
438 18 
885 82 
370 84 
32') 77 
369 94 
400 49 
a52 53 
331 88 
339 52 
307 65 
320 40 
241 03 
835 78 
.345 21 
307 59 
295 68 


$458 46- 


1876 


436 02 


Ib77 


415 78 


1S78 


354 99 


1879 


349 55 


1880 


321 82 


18«1 


350 98 


1882 


3.'.7 25 


1883 


331 96 


1884 


313 86 


1885 


32.5 13 


1886 


272 37 


1887 


295 45 


1888 


211 19 


1889 


293 92 


1890 


312 15 


1891 


270 28 


1892 


2.55 36 






Total 


8571,174 18 


$19,450 58 


8521.723 60 


95 


$332 46 


^3 68 







Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children, at IJncoln. 



1875 


$20,901 76 
28,812 87 
31,639 .52 
53,01.2 88 
47,381 69 
.59,.5"2 70 
.56.710 94 
63.281 'Zi 
61.782 116 
51.372 S2 
61..3n6 37 
6.5.60CI 72 
66.961 51 
51,2 "2 42 
68.607 "7 
72.80!> fr.i 
77.232 9!» 
89.53) 56 


$2,423 01 
2.630 56 
2.140 14 
3.<><6 811 

2.816 66 
5.132 65 
6.:ki 79 
7.8K". 66 
6.271 96 

4.817 29 
3,76i; .55 
4.115 33 
4.4.'.i; S7 
5.046 .59 
7.5i7 95 
6.325 OS 
9.188 18 
8.802 21 


$18,478 75 
26. 182 31 
211.499 »8 
49,376 08 
44..5t;5 03 
.54.370 05 
50.327 15 
.55,3!lK 57 
55.51(1 10 
l!l..555 .53 
57,539 82 
(il.485 39 
62.. 50) 64 
46.245 83 
61.(1.59 12 
66. 484 75 
08.044 81 
80,732 31 


81 

80 

168 
224 
274 
286 
279 
2!t3 
292 
312 
311 
362 
3^7 
382 
410 
414 
485 


$309 65 
3<i0 l() 
410 90 
315 35 
210 97 
217 57 
198 21 
22<! 1.9 
210 74 
186 41 
196 38 
1 2 :« 
18.5 08 

176 95 
179 75 

177 49 
186 (S 
1S4 61 


$279 74 


1K76 


327 28 


1877 


3Si 11 


1878 


293 91 


1879 


198 95 


I88lt 


1!'8 42 


1881 


175 97 


1882 


198 .56 


1883 


188 70 


1881 


l(i9 71 


188.5 


IS) 42 


1886 


ISO 31 


1887 


172 76 


1888 


1.59 .53 


Ih89 


159 97 


IKIIO 


162 07 


1891 


16) 45 


1892 


166 46 






Total 


81.030,796 93 


$93,437 31 


8937,359 62 


286 


8200 27 


8182 12 







Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, at Quincy. 



Yeae. 



Gross 
ordinary 
expenses. 



Income 

not from 

state. 



Cost 
to state. 



il 

Is 



Per Capita Cost. 



Gross. 



Net. 



1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 

Total 



S69,085 27 
73,258 02 
121.774 05 
125,575 42 
134,209 07 
136,301 85 



S660,203 68 



$238 19 
1.041 41 
3,533 73 
2,014 83 
1,339 52 
2,835 16, 



$68,847 08 
72,216 61 
118.240 32 
123,560 59 
132, 8(i!» 55 
133. 466 69 



111,002 84 $649,200 84 



270 

480 
653 

789 
882 
816 



653 



$255 93 
203 81 
186 39 
159 24 
152 19 
161 15 



$168 42 



$255 05- 
200 93; 
180 98 

156 68 
150 67 

157 Sa 



$165 61 



Soldiers' Orphans' Home, at Normal. 



1875 


$13,426 43 
46,776 72 
4:i,498 83 
44,890 35 
41,859 79 
47,533 66 
43,461 52 
45,818 54 
45,071 93 
54,077 85 
50,537 68 
52,694 22 
49,687 61 
38,813 71 
50,960 08 
54,088 97 
53,2(10 11 
53.844 54 


$463 12 
681 79 
84 26 
738 92 
237 22 
1,233 66 
664 96 
321 58 
353 16 
428 10 
157 62 
382 72 
653 41 
237 47 
549 68 
460 83 
812 69 
259 07 


$42,963 31 
46.094 93 
42.414 57 
44,151 43 
41,622 57 
46,300 00 
42,796 56 
45,526 96 
44.708 77 
53,64!) 75 
50.380 06 
52,311 50 
49,034 21) 
38,576 24 
50,410 40 
53,628 14 
52,387 42 
53,583 47 


297 
310 
275 
291 
302 
308 
301 
266 
273 
317 
328 
326 
341 
359 
344 
313 
399 
397 


$175 45 
150 89 
154 54 
154 56 
138 78 
154 33 

144 50 
172 07 
165 07 
170 58 
153 83 
161 56 

145 88 
144 21 
148 33 
172 58 
133 41 
135 59 


$153 70 


1876 


148 70 


1877 


154 50 


1878 


151 72 


1879 


137 82 


1880 


150 32 


1881 


142 18 


1882 


171 15 


1883 


163 77 


1884 

18i-6 

1886 

1887 


169 24 
153 60 
160 43 
143 96 


1888 


143 33 


1889 


146 73 


1890 


171 11 


1891 


131 3fr 


1892 


134 94 






Total 


$861,957 82 


$8,730 26 


$853,227 56 


319 


$149 98 


$148 46'. 







Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, at Chicago. 



1875 


$9,386 45 
12,6'>3 51 
12.840 40 
18.478 23 
15,78. 97 
15,624 92 
16,279 42 
18,001 55 
17,793 46 
17,586 87 
17,626 80 
20,045 05 
211,012 07 
16,661 38 
21.902 14 
24.206 68 
27,666 69 
25,051 24 


$1,870 87 

2,265 89 

1,308 50 

lOo 00 

80 00 


$7,515 58 
10,387 62 
11,531 9(1 
18,378 23 
15,705 97 
15,624 92 
15,723 77 
18,0(11 55 
17,360 46 
17,374 37 
17,626 80 
19,692 47 
20,012 07 
16,661 38 
24,902 14 
24,2(16 68 
27,666 69 
25,051 24 


33 

45 
41 
77 
69 
62 
71 
72 
86 
78 
90 
117 
121 
127 
137 
139 
130 
132 


$341 29 
281 19 
313 18 

239 98 
229 56 
250 96 
227 43 
248 64 
206 21 
224 41 
195 38 
170 77 
165 14 
174 65 
182 27 
174 53 
212 20 
189 69 


$284 63: 


1876 


230 84 


1877 


281 27 


1878 


238 68 


1879 


227 62 


1880 


250 96 


1881 


555 65 


221 46 


1882 


248 64 


1883 

1884 

1885 


433 00 
212 50 


201 87 
222 75 
195 38 


1886 


352 58 


168 31 


1887 


165 14 


1888 




174 65 


1889 




182 27 


1890 




174 53 


1891 




212 20 


1892 




189 69 








Total 


$330,602 83 


$7,178 99 


$323,423 84 


99 


$203 14 


$198 79 







40 



State Reform School, at routine. 



Yeab. 


Gross 
ordinary 
expenses. 


Income 

not from 

state. 


Cost 
to state. 


It 


Feb Capita Cost. 


Gross. 


Net. 


1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 


S2.5,144 94 

2;i,4it2 80 
30,. 582 90 
34.516 67 
31.708 11 
34.1.57 66 
32.474 97 
33, 8' '6 89 
12.181 01 
4C.r,S2 80 
19.450 28 
52.073 74 
4N.402 C6 
40,02* 93 
52. 429 75 
.52.8(2 12 
56.625 07 


85.388 33 

3.325 34 

3.491 31 

6.20S 5C 

5.625 59 

4.<HI9 67 

3.230 36 

4,476 35 

6.431 00 

9,672 55 

8.5.33 42 

10,2)7 85 

7,7;« 84 

27 29 

2<;9 75 

302 80 

78t3 95 


819.756 61 
26.077 46 
27.088 59 
2<t.338 11 
29. 172 52 
30.147 99 
29.244 41 
29, .330 54 
a5,747 01 
36.910 25 
40,916 86 
41.825 89 
40. CCS 82 
3't,'.»96 64 
52. ICO 00 
.52.. 5.39 32 
55.838 12 


178 
ISO 
164 
182 
183 
190 
197 
229 
285 
308 
323 
312 
304 
321 
318 
a59 
383 


8169 51 

163 45 
186 48 

189 81 

190 42 

164 23 
181 S9 

147 63 

148 02 
151 03 
153 18 
166 93 
158 99 

164 92 

165 Oil 
147 00 
147 95 


5139 24 
114 89 
16.-. 17 
161 20 
159 41 


1880 

1881 


15S 67 
148 45 


1882 

188;{ 

1S.S4 


128 08 
125 43 
119 84 


1885 

18s6 


126 68 
134 06 


1887 


133 59 


18S8 


164 81 


1889 


164 15 


]8'.HI 


146 16 


lH'.n 


145 89 






Total 


S695.526 30 


878.767 16 


8616,759 01 


260 


8157 39 


8139 57 







Twelve Institutions— Consolidated. 



1875 


8.373,908 79 


852. 020 29] 


8321,972 50 


1.795 


8250 02 


8215 25 


1876 


488.7'.il 01 


65,019 45! 


421,771 56 


2.064 


237 16 


205 80 


1877 


4S2.071 39 


51 9)0 72 


430, 130 67 


2,074 


231 78 


207 39 


1878 


557,558 0' 


44,450 03 


5i:?.107 97 


2, 482 


224 37 


206 X5 


1879 


551,211 66 
617,075 95 


43,498 90 
53.877 25 


507,715 76 
5(13, 198 70 


2.707 
2.926 


202 75 
210 88 


187 56 


1880 


192 48 


1881 


655, X61 79 


58,694 99 


597. 166 80 


:^. 135 


209 21 


190 48 


1882 


C>57.1,55 81 


66, 169 63 


620.il8'i 18 


3.209 


214 15 


193 50 


1883 


714,421 85 


62,552 331 


651,869 .52 


3.471 


2*5 81 


187 80 


1884 


741,040 90 


68.473 31 1 


672, .567 59 


3.702 


200 06 


181 68 


1885 


SCI. .329 12 


65,137 .57] 


7'.i!t,19l 55 


4,444 


193 71 


179 85 


1886 


960.705 63 


9.3.010 27 


867.695 36 


5.093 


188 64 


170 37 


1887 


1,011.018 40 


78.7.39 27| 


935,279 13 


5,230 


180 66 


165 65 


1888 


808,550 12 


68,025 45' 


740,524 67 


5.930 


181 81 


166 52 


18S9 


1.081.773 .59 


76.156 00 1 


1,005,617 59 


6.021 


179 58 


166 94 


1890 


1,081,651 71 


85.050 C9i 


996,601 05 


C. 196 


174 56 


160 84 


189! 


1,147,673 2i 
1.221,532 56 


81,719 72 
89.460 21 1 


1,062,9.^3 51 
1.132.072 35 


6,552 
6.935 


175 17 

176 15 


162 24 


1892 


163 25 


Total 


814.949,424 51 


81,206,002 08 812.813.422 46 

1 


4,110 


8202 10 


8173 63 



Asylum for Insane Criminals, at Chester, 



1892. 



816.488 17 



887 26 816.330 911 51 8320 86 



t319 1t 



41 



SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS. 



The following- is a complete list of special appropriations to 
the iustitations under our care, made by the Thirty-seventh 
General Assembly: 

To the Northern Hospital for the Insane. 



For repairs and improvements, "'6,000 per annum 

For maintenance of library, 8400 per annum 

For brick barn 

For associate dining-rooms and changing ward dning-rooms into dormi 

tories 

For smoke stack at pump house 

For in-^ide and outside painting 

For enlarging rotary oven 

For improving ground^, SoOO per annum 

For renewal of laundry machinery 

For changes in engines, ne\v dynamos, etc., for electric light plant 

For stand pipe, with capacity of 100,000 gallons 

For 150 maple bedsteads, at S 1.50 each 

For 150 wire mattresses, at 82.75 each 

For 150 felt mattresses 

For ten felt mattre ses 

For -150 pairs blankets, at S2.40 each 

For 150 pillows, at S1.25 each 

For other bedding 

For chairs and other furniture 

For 511 CO ws, at 82"> 00 each 

For 3 farm wagons, at 850.00 each 

For 3 sets double harness, at 828.00 each 

For 6 work horses, ut SlOO.oO each 

For 4 plow<, at 812.50 ea'di 

For 1 bull (1 to 2 years old) 

For 2 boars, at 815.00 each 

For 2 e r ii cultivators 

For fencing, etc 

Total 



i 12, 000 00 

800 00 

8,000 00 

25,000 00 

1,200 00 

1,500 10 

800 00 

l.dOO 00 

1,000 00 

7,500 00 

7,000 00 

675 00 

412 50 

75tt 00 

50 00 

1.080 00 

187 50 

300 00 

400 00 

1,250 00 

150 00 

84 00 

600 00 

50 00 

75 00 

30 00 

40 00 

250 00 



867,184 00 



To the Eastern Hospital for the Insane. 



Eor repairs and improvements, 810,000 per annum 

For maintenance of library, 885 i p(>r annum 

For the purpose of making provision for 3u0a'lditional patients 

For improving grotm is, and for additional stock and farm implements 

For furniture and fixtures 

For pamtinir, inside and outside 

For shop building, with machinery for patients' work 

For covering for steam pipes 

For projections for outside water closets 

For land drain and repair of sewer, and of old and worn-out plumbing 

For concrete walks 

For addition to bath-house 

For building for soap making and rendering 

For lire apparatus 

For addition to farm ward 

For finishing off dininer-rooms in basement, etc 

For furnaces to heat relief south, and numbers 1, 3, 4 and 6 south 

For duplicate steam pump at water works 

For ti ing for kitchens, sculleries, bath rooms and water-closets 

For increased aecommoilations for oiflcers and emidoy es 

For repairs of railroad track to hospital 

Total r 



820,000 00 


1,700 00 


163,0110 00 


3,000 00 


10,000 00 


5,(in(l 00 


10,000 00 


4,000 00 


12,000 00 


4,500 00 


450 00 


5,000 00 


800 00 


1,316 00 


903 00 


2,500 00 


3,0(10 00 


2,000 00 


2,50l» 00 


6,500 00 


2,000 00 


$260,169 00 



42 



To the Central Hospital for the Insane. 



For repairs and improvemt'ntfi, SS.OOO iter iinnuni [ 81C,<«Ki OO 

For maintenance of lil>rarv.SGOii per annum I.l'oi 00 

For an <Moc;ric light plant lor all tho building- : )1,(K)0 I'o 

For painting | 3.000 o« 

For a root cellar 1, 0<mi 00 

I 

Total i »2,2D0OO 



7b the Southern Hospital for the Insane. 



For repairs and improvementp, S6,ooo per annum 

For the mai tit' nance of library, f 100 pi^r annum 

For changing systi-m of heating from high piessure to low pressure, etc 

For repair uf road from hospital to Anna and making driveways, etc 

For the completion of sidewalk from hospital to Anna 

For new bake -oven ami repair of room for same 

For now water tank and tower 

For repair of cottage 

For relrigerating plant 

Total 



S12.000 00 


8110 00 


2.0IN) 00 


l.OOO 00 


o()0 00 


1.5110 00 


6.(HKt 00 


1.000 00 


3.8^2 00 


$29,182 0» 



To the Asylum for Insane Criminals. 



For repairs and improvements, SI, 000 per annum 
For maintenance of hbrary, SlOO per annum 

Total 



82,000 00 
;iOO 00 



S2,200 00 



To the Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 



For repairs and improvements, $5,000 per annum 

For mainteniincc of library, 5300 per annum 

For the piirehuse of land 

For the pui chase of steam boilers, with connections 

Total 



$10,000 00- 
l.dOO 00 

I'J.lilKI 00 

2.MI0 00 



$20, 100 OO 



To the Institution for the Education of the Blind. 



For repaiis and improvements. 82,000 per annum 

For maintenance of liliraiy, SiOii per annum 

For i)ureliasmg school api>aratus and apparatus forteaching trades, etc 

For constiu.-ting and furnishing a building to be used as a dormitory, etc... 

For enla-ging and i ejiainng lh<! boiley house, i ('pairing boilers, etc 

Forconsiructingakitchen and bakery and purchasingcookingapparatus.eto 
For extra repairs, improvements and appliances to provide for sick inmates 



Total 



$1 


000 00 




■1(10 00 


;{ 


0(10 00 


12 


00(1 OO 


.•( 


(110 00 


7 


.■,00 t>0 


2 


000 00 


$32 


540 00 



To the .\s\Iiiiii lor Feeble-Minded Children. 



For repairs and improvements, J2,0fl0 per annum 

For maintenance o! library. Sioo per annum 

For icni'wal of si cam hia'ing apparatus 

For lire protection of main and out -buildings . .. . 
For purchase of faim laiuls 

Total 



$4,000 00 

•too 00 

(1.0(10 00 

:!,(ioo 00 

2«i.0(K) 00 



88'.>. 400 00 



43 



To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home. 



For repairs and improvement s. $5, 000 per annum 

For main enancft of library, S500 per annum 

For extension of hospital, includine: equipment 

For tletaehed boiler-house at hospital, with boiler, stack, tunnel, etc 

For land 

For barn for at least 75 cows 

For dairy equipment 

For piggery building 

For cows 

For hogs 

For improving grounds, Sl,5('0per anum 

For heater and piping to furnish all co tages with hot water, etc 

Total 



$10,000 09 

1.000 00 

13,0(10 00 

4,800 00 

14,000 OO 

2,500 00 

200 OO 

500 00 

1,300 00 

250 00 

3,000 00 

2, 750 00 



S53,300 OO 



To the Soldiers' Orphans' Home. 



For repairs and improvements, $2,000 per annum 

For maintenance of library, &W per annum 

For au <-lectric light phint 

For root cellar, propagating and green-house 

For painting old buildings and all outside and ungiained wood work 
For paving area and building sidewalli 

Total 



S4,000 OO 
600 00 
4.000 OO 
2,250 OO 
1,500 00 
1,000 00 



813,350 Oa 



To the Charitable Eye and.Ear Infirmary. 



For repairs and improvements. 81,000 per annum 

For maintenance of library. SIO" per annum 

For removal of stairways in main hall and building iron stairway, etc 

For furniture, SI , OOO per annum 

For removal of bath-rooms 

Total 



52,000 OO 

200 00 

1.000 OO 

2,00(1 00 

1,350 00 



86.550 OO 



Recapitulation. 



Northern Hospital for the Insane 

Eastern Hospital for the Insane 

Central Hospital for the Insane 

Southern Hospital for the Insane 

Asylum for Insanf^ Criminals 

Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb 

Institution for the E'lucation of the Blind 

Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children 

Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 

Soldiers'Orphans' Home 

Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary 

Total 



867.184 00 

2(i0,16!i 00 

32.2"0 00 

211.182 00 

2,200 00 

26. 100 OO 

32.540 00 

39,400 00 

53.. 3(10 00 

13. 30 00 

6,550 00 



$562,175 00 



F'or an account of the expenditures of these appropriations, 
Ave refer to the reports of the state institutions. 



44 



SPECIAL AI'I'IJOPIilATIONS ASKED. 



The followiiij;- is a complete list of speeial ap])i-opriatioiis 
jusked, by the state institutions, of the Tiiirty-eiirlith (ieneral 
Assembly: 

By the Northern Hospital for the Insane. 



Rt^pairs and improvements, S7,50(i per annum 

Improvements of uround^, Sl.SdO iior annum 

Inside and outside paintinti, SI, 500 per annum 

Books and pi-riodicals lor patients' library, S2oO per annum 

lullrmary building, Ut 150 jia'ients 

Gymnasium and n<w amusement hall 

Kew lolepliune system 

ClianerinK ele.-tric wires 

Six porches (five iron and one wood) 

N''W lioiler at pump-house, near river 

Concrete wali<s 

Changes in kit'diens 

New hiundry machinery 

Takintj down unused smoKe-stack 

Fifty milch cows 

Total 



815,000 00 


S.OiM) 00 


3,0(10 00 


6lt0 00 


82.000 0(1 


27. 50(1 00 


2. Am 00 


2.055 94 


2.500 00 


1.000 (.to 


i,r,(K) 00 


2.550 00 


2,000 00 


75(t 00 


2,000 00 


S148.235 94 



By the Eastern Hospital for the Insane. 



Repairs ami improvements. 815.000 per annum 

In-ide and out Fide painting, 810,000 per annum 

Furniture and fixtures 

Roads, walks, improvement of grounds, and additional stock 

K ew f u I naces 

Machinery for crushing stone, fertilizer, and making soai> 

Carpenter shop, remodelling bath-house, and changes in hot- water tanks 

Pipe i-ijvering 

Duplicate steam pump and connections 

Training s<hool for attendants, S5U0 per annum .■ 

Artesian well 

Total 



830.000 00 

20.0(10 00 

10,00(1 00 

5,000 00 

8,000 00 

:<.50o 00 

9.500 00 

.s.tHto 00 
4,500 oe 
1.000 00 

4.000 00 



898.500 00 



By the Central Hospital for the Insane. 



Repairs and improvements, S8.000 per annum 

Inside and out-ide painting, Si.OUO per annum 

Books md periodicals for patients' library, 3500 per annum 

R.'frigerating plant 

Stone walk on south Main street front 

Lodge at main entrance 

Infirmary building lor 80 patients 

Total 



S16,(i00 00 
4,000 00 
l.OOa 00 

10,500 00 
4,000 00 
2.(100 00 

43,200 00 

880.700 00 



45 



By the Southern Hospital for the Insane. 



Eepairs and improvements, $6, 000 per annum 

Inside and outside painting 

Books and periodicals for patients' library, S250 per annum 

Roads and improvement of grounds 

New store-house 

Silo 

Cottaere for 32 consumptive patients 

Furniture for the same 

Deep-well pump and pump-house 

Elevator in ceni re building 

To refurnish center building 

Water-pipes 

Arc-light electric dynamo 

Machine shop 

Fan-blower, 'o increase combustion 

Covering steam-pipes 

Bridge repairs 

Farm machinery, fencing, etc 

Total 



$12,000 0(1" 

G.500 O* 

500 00 

2,000 00 

2,500 00 

875 00 

16,000 no 

l,(iOO 00 

1.025 00 

10,0(10 00 

3,500 Ofr 

3,750 00 

1,4»8 00 

73(1 OO 

2.50 00 

4.50 00 

200 09 

1,795 00 

f64,148 Oa 



By the Asylum for Insane Criminals. 



Eepairs and improvements, $1,000 per annum 

Library, SlOO per annum 

Nortli wing building 

South wing building 

Rear building 

Boiler house 

Laundry building 

Ice house and refrigei-ator plant 

Barn 

Piggery 

Water service 

Steam plant 

Plumbing and drainage 

Electric light plant 

Superintendent's residence 

Furnlt ure 

Purchase of 70 acres of land 

Surgical instruments and apparatus 

Road to asylum 

Cows 

L Total 



12,000 00 


200 00 


21,000 00 


10,000 09 


30,000 00 


3,800 00 


3,200 00 


2,500 00 


3,800 00 


500 00 


10,000 00 


9,000 00 


2,600 00 


5,000 00 


5,000 00 


5,000 00 


10,000 00 


300 00 


500 00 


300 00 


S130,600 OO 



By the Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 



Repairs and improvements, 85,000 per annum 

Books and periodicals for pupils' library, $500 per annum 

Cottage for boys 

Renewal of heating apparatus 

New smoke-stack 

Installation of oil fuel plant , 

Total 



810,000 00 
1,000 00 
15,000 00 
5.000 00 
3,000 00 
4, 000 00 



Si38,000 00 



By the Institution for the Education of the Blind. 



Repairs and improvements, $2, 300 per annum 

Books and periodicals for pupils' library, 8250 per annum 

Gymnasium and drill hall 

Work-shop for blind men 

Electric light plant 

Paving yard near buildings 

Tunnel from kitchen to new dining-room 

Repairing pipe organ , 

Additional appliances for laundry 

Total 



S4.600 00 
500 00 
10,000 00 
15,000 00 
5,000 00 
1,500 00 
2, 000 00 
1,000 00 
900 00 



840,500 00 



40 



By the Asylum for Feeble- Minded Children. 



Repairs and improvements. S2,5n0 per annum 

Bi^(jks ami p<'rio Heals for pupils' library, 82<H) per annum 

Buildint.' for 150 custodial cases, and furniture and llxiun-s for same 
Farm buildings 

Total 



So.ono 00 

■t(M> 00 
CO.OO<I 00 
S.'JOiJ 00 



(70,000 00 



Bv the iSoldiers' and 'dnilors' Home. 



Repairs and improvements. S5, 000 per annum 

Improvement of t^rounds, ?L',ooo per annum 

Books and periodicals for Home library, S-'OO per annum 

Assembly hall 

Permanent walks and roads 

Inside and outside paintinj,' 

Electric light plant 

Total 



810.000 fA 
4.(HtO 00 
1.000 00 
U.hW 00 
6.(KiO 00 
3,000 I'O 
10,000 00 



$47,500 00 



By the Soldiers' Orphans' Howe. 



Repairs and improvements, S2,000 per annum 

Books and i)eriodii"als for pupils' library. SJOO per annum 
Permanent water supply 

Total 



>4.000 00 

600 00 

3.000 00 



$7,600 0« 



By the Charitable Eye and Ear Intirmary. 



Improvements and repairs. 82.000 per annum 

Furniture. 81.000 per annum 

Addition to the main building to accommodate 150 patients 
Maintenance of library, 8100 per annum 

Total 



84.000 00 

2,000 00 

48,000 00 

200 OO 



S54.200 00 



Recapi tulation . 



By the Northern Hospital for the Insane 

By the Eastern Hospital for the Insane 

By the Central Hospital for the Insane 

By th<j Southern Hospital for the Insane 

By the Asylum for In^^ane Criminals 

By the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb.., 

Bv the Institution for the Blind 

By the Asvlum for Feeb e-Muided Children 

By the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 

By the Soldiers' Oridians' Home 

By tlie Charitable £ye and Ear Infirmary . . 

Total 



8148. a^S 94 
98.500 00 
80.700 00 
64.118 00 
ISO.tiOO 00 
38,000 00 
40., ^OO 00 
70. 000 00 
17., ^OO 00 

i.cm 00 

54.200 00 



8780.603 »4 



Tho law rcqiiir^'s iis to report our conclusions and recom- 
mendations i'<'oai'diii<i: these requests, so far as we are able to 
forniulatc tlMMii to our own satisfaction. It must not he under- 
stood tiiat, where we decline to recommend an appropriation, 
we think the application unreasonable or that the legislature 
would do well to refuse it. 



47 

The appropriations for ordinary repairs are usual and neces- 
sary. Our judgment as to the amounts to be appropriated for 
this purpose is expressed in the third section of the draft of a 
bill on page 17. These amounts are the same as two years 
ago, except for the Eastern Hospital for the Insane, the capac- 
ity of whicJi has been since increased. 

For the maintenance of libraries we advise the appropriation 
of the amounts stated in the fourth section of the bill to which 
reference has just been made. 

The remaining special appropriations asked which have our 
positive endorsement in their favor, whatever that may be worth, 
are as follows: 



To the Northern Hospital for the Insane. 



For renewal and extension of telephone system 

Por changing electric wires 

For new boiler at pump-house ; 

For changes to be made in kitchens 

For new laundry machinery 

Total 



$2,400 00 
2.050 00 
1,000 00 
2,550 00 
2,000 00 



«10,000 00 



The necessity for all these grows out of the enlargement of the 
capacit^^ of the hospital, except for a new bo'ler, which is neces- 
sary because the old boiler is worn out. The changing of the 
electric wires we regard as a wise precaution against a possible 
conflagration. 

We do not approve of the increase in the number of patients 
contemplated in the application for an infirmary building. 

A new amusement hall is desirable; the proposed gymnasium 
is of somewhat doubtful utility. 

The porches asked would be a good addition, but are not 
essential. 

The kind of walks proposed would not, in our opinion, be suffi- 
ciently durable. 

We are not convinced of the necessity for taking down the old 
smoke-stack. 

Cows should, we think, be purchased from the appropriation 
for ordinary expenses, sold when they go dry, and the money 
received for them should be turned back into the ordinary ex- 
pense fund. We do not highly appreciate this method of" indi- 
rectly swelling that fund by the amount of such sales. 



4S 
To the Eastern Hospitnl for the Insane. 



For furniture and llxtures | 810.000 00 

For road-. wa!ks. etc 1 3,mK) 00 

For new furnaces 8,oihi oo 

For pipi' coveriHK 3.0<i0 tw 

For duplicate steam pump and connections ; 4,5<iO 00 

For an artesian well I 4. ooo IK» 



Total I SH2.500 00 

Our <2,'reate.st hesitntion relates to the last item named, for au 
artesian well. The sinking- of such wells is nearly always an ex- 
periment; l)ut the C'haraeter of the river water at some seasons 
of the year and the want of proper filtering- apparatus seems to 
justify trying- it. 

The last general assembly apjiroved of buying a duplicate 
steam pump, which is an additional resource and a great pro- 
tection in case of fire. But it only gave $2,000 for this ol\iect, 
which has not been drawn from the state treasury because the 
amount was so much l)elow the actual cost of such a pump as 
to render the aj)])ropriatioii of no value. 

The pipe covering is an economy. The new furnaces be believe 
to be Q: necessity. 

We recommend the appropriation for roads and walks, (but 
not for additional stock,) because the grounds are still in an 
unfinished state, and that for furniture and fixtures because we 
know how much more furniture is needed to make the wards 
fairly comfortable. 

Painting should, we think, be ])aid for from the repair fund. 
If the legislature is satisfied that it can not be so done, then 
we should favor making the repair appropriations larger. This 
remark applies to similar requests by other institutions. 

We have not much confidence in crushed stone as a material 
for road-making. 

About the request for a, (•ar])enter shop, etc.. we know too little- 
to speak intelligently. 

To the Central Hospital for the Insane. 

. j 

For refrigerating plant | $1 0.500 00 

Total I JlO.WOOO^ 

Oui- recommendation of this appropriation is based on the 
excellent working of a similar plant at Anna and the fact that 
the hospital would thus be rendered indei)endent of the weather, 
whetlutr ice can ])e made in the winter or not. 

We oppose the iiihiniaiy l)uilding here for the same n>ason as 
at Elgin. We are unable to see why. at both these hospitals, 
certain of the present wards might not be converted into in- 
firmary wards. 



49 

A lodge at the gate can hardly be said to be indispensable. 

A new sidewalk on Main street is needed, and stone would be 
the best material, doubtless, but the cost of it is so great as to 
be almost prohibitory. 

To the Southern Hospital for the Insane. 



For a new store-house 

For a deep well pump and pump house 
For furniture for the center building . .- 

For covering steam pipes , 

For repairs to bridge 

For fencing 

Total 



!f2,500 00 

l,(i25 00 

2,500 00 

450 00 

200 00 

500 00 



8^7,175 00 



The deep well ])ump is essential to render the well already 
sunk of any utility. 

Some new furniture is demanded in the center building, but 
not so much as is asked for. 

We approve of the request for a new store-house on the ground 
that the present store is not large enough. 

We think that farm stock and tools can be purchased without 
any special appropriation for that purpose, but that an allow- 
ance of f "iOO for new fences is very greatly needed. 

Our opposition to the cottage for consumptive patients is like 
that to the infirmaries at Elgin and Jacksonville. 

If the new well proves as successful as we hope that it will, 
the new water-pipes do not seem to be a. necessity. 

An elevator in the center building strikes us as a needless ex- 
pense. 

We think that the proposed fan would prove a failure in the 
production of increased combustion. 

The value of ensilage is questionable. 

We do not object to arc hghts in the grounds or addi- 
tional nmchinery for the engineer, if the legislature sees fit to 
provide these. 

To the Asylum for Insane Criminals. 



For surgical instruments and apparatus 

For furniture 

For road to asylum 

For cows 

Total 



S.30O 00 
.SOO 00 
300 00 
200 00 



«1,100 00 



These four items are small in amount and concerning their 
propriety we have no question. 

The application for ten thousand dollars for the purchase of 
land for farming purposes we refer to the judgment of the proper 
committees of the general assembly without recommendation, 

— 4P. C. 



Uiii we have a word lo say relative to tlio proposed extoiiKion 
ami tMilar<i,oinent of the institution, to which we are op))os('d, 
foi- reasons that we will state. 

We have never favored tlie creation of an asylum for insane 
convicts upon the <>rounds of any prison, except as a last re 
sort and the only available method of separating them from 
the non-criminal insane. If our judj^inent had beeu askeci as to 
the relative advantau'es of Joliet and Chester as sites for the 
asylum which has been built, we should nnhesitatinoly have 
o^iven it in favor of Joliet, because it is more accessible, nearer 
to the centre of ]K)pulatiou, and a proper institution for this 
special ])urpose could have been more cheajdy constructed at 
that i)oint. Besides, the Northern Penitentiary furnishes many 
more insane convicts than the Southern, and the cost of trans- 
portation would have therefore been less. 

The site at Chestei' is absolutely unsuitable and objectionable 
on nearly every account. By reference to the rei)()rt of the 
architects employed to jjrej^are ])lans foi- the pro])osed additions, 
it will be seen that they will not guarantee that a solid bearing 
for the foundations can been found. The top of the hill on 
which the asylum has been erected is sliding into the river. 
Large rocks and tall trees have moved many feet from their 
original situation; and the penitentiarv commissioners have 
been sufficiently alarmed at the physical manifestations already 
witnessed, to remove a house occupied by an em])loye at the 
foot of the bluff, as a measure of wise precaution. It is not 
certain that the present building will be permanently safe. The 
ground falls away, in every direction but one, so rapidly that 
the basement stones of the proposed additions would require to 
be elevated hi;^li in the air. There is not sufficient room for 
them, and their actual cost can not even l)e estimated with any 
approximation to accuracy, in view- of the doubt as to the 
de])th to which excavations must be made in oi-d(M- to reach 
solid lock. 

The plan of the building already constructed is defective in 
many particulars. It was a make-sl«ift. rendered necessary by 
the urgency of the demand for rcli(>f and the inadeipiacy of the 
appropriation for any satisfactory result. The wrrkmanship is 
also Vi'vy inferior. The capacity is insufficient. We regard the 
enterprise in its present location as a failure. 

We therefore recommend it-^ abandonment altogether. It 
would be folly to put $120,000 in new buildings at Chester, in- 
cluding ."^10,000 for an independent water su]t))ly from the river, 
to be tak(Mi from a j)oiiit above the penit(Mi( iary. It would be 
<;liea]>er and more sal isfaci ory in every way to ])i()vide a new 
institution foi- the criminal iiisan<> at some othei- ]»lace. where 
land is cheaj), waler ahundant. and the facilities foi- building 
a.nd for successful management ai-e more favorable. This is 
what we advise. 



51 

To save the state from loss, if our advice is taken, we further 
Tecommend that the building thus abandoned be fitted up for 
a prison for women, for which it is fairly well adapted, and 
that the female convicts now at Joliet be transferred to it from 
their present very unsuitable quarters in the upper story of the 
centre buildino-. This change would, we believe, be beneficial in 
all respects, and would be approved by the commissioners and 
wardens of the penitentiaries, as well as by the medical super- 
intendents of the state hospitals for the insane. 

To the Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 



'For cottage for boys 

For renewal of heating apparatus. 
-For new smoke-stack 

Total 



$10,000 00 
5,000 00 
3.000 00 



818,000 00 



That the two last requests must be granted will be apparent 
i:o any legislative committee that may visit this institution. 

We approve of a new cottage for boys, because the one now 
occupied is both unhealthy and unsafe and should be torn down 
at once. But it is our opinion that a smaller sum than that 
asked would answer the purpose sufficiently well. 

AVe doubt the wisdom of trying at present to change the fuel 
used for heating and lighting, chiefly because it is uncertain at 
what price oil can be bought in the future, but also because this 
mode of supplying heat and power is as yet comparatively new 
and untried. 



To the Institution for the Education of the Blind. 



For a work-shop for blind men 

For brick pavements in yard 

For tunnel from kitchen 

For repairs to organ 

For additional appliance.s for laundry. 

Total 



110,000 00 

1,500 00 

2,000 00 

1,000 00 

900 00 



$15,400 00 



A work-shop for blind men is very desirable and would be use- 
ful, but it might probably be built for the figure which we sug- 
gest. 

The other requests approved by us explain themselves and 
seem to need no argument to recommend them. 

We are not prepared at this time to recommend the gymna- 
sium and drill hall, but we do not oppose it. 

The installation of an electric light plant can be postponed 
^vithout injury to the institution. 



52 

To the A.\yJuni for Feeble- Minded Children. 



For farm buildlnss 
Total 



*5,0(K) i>0 
S5.00U 00 



These huildino's are needed and slioiild l)e erected on tlic farm 
j'ecently purchased . 

The appropriation tor a new buildinp^ for custodial cases we 
refer to the lejrislature without recommendation. 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors^ Home. 

For an assembly hall $10, 000 00 

Total 810,000 00 

We have reduced sli<ilitly the sum asked for an assembly hall. 
It is true that the old soldiers need a laroer place of nieetin<2: 
and one on the ji^round floor, and we advise providing it for 
them. 

The other requests preferred have not our endorsement. 
7'o the Soldiers' Orphans' Home 



For a permanent water supply 
Total 



S3. 000 00 



»3,000 00 



This is the only request preferred by this institution, and we 
regard it as of great importance. 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. 



For furniture. 
Total 



S2.000 00 



S2,000 00 



We do not approve of any enlargement of the buildings occu- 
pied by the infirmary, in whatever form it may be urged, but 
adhere to our oi-igiual position that its removnl from its pres- 
ent site and the erection of an entirely new building is preferable 
on everv a«-count. 



53 

Recapit ulation . 

The amounts which have our endorsement, as just stated, are 
as follows : 

i 

To the Northern Hospital for the Insane ! $10,000 

To the Eastern Hospital for the Insane 32,500 

To the Central Hospital for the Insane 10,500 

To the Southern Hospital for the Insane I 7,175 

To the Asvlum for Insane Orimnals ' 1,100 

To th' • Institution for the D^■af and Dumb 18, 000 

To the Institution for the Blind i 15. 400 

To the \sylum for Feeble- Minded Children i 5, 000 

To the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home ! 10.000 

To the Soldiers' O rphans' Home I 3, 000 

To the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary 2,000 



Total 



S114,675 



The motive which underlies our action in advising such reduc- 
tions from the amounts asked is largely the desire on our part 
to save enough money by cutting off unnecessary enlargements 
of existing institutions and improvements which are of doubtful 
value, or which might be deferred, to enable the General Assem- 
bly to meet the demand which comes up from so many of the 
counties of Illinois for additional provision for the insane. 
And we express the hope that this provision may be in the 
form of a new institution, to be modelled somewhat after that 
at Kankakee, but simpler in its arrangements and of cheaper 
construction, in view of the impossibility of doing all that might 
be desired for the benefit of this most unfortunate class of men 
and women. 

BONDS FILED. 

We furnish a list of all bonds of superintendents and treas- 
urers filed in this office, as required by law, since the date of 
our last report. 

By Superintendents. 

October 22, 1891. — William Turner Patterson, superintendent 
of the Asylum for Insane Criminals, principal; Henry H. Evans, 
Fred Hoyt, J. W. Ricknrd, F. L. Pond and M. E. Plain, sureties; 
amount, five thousand dollars. 

January 5, 18£2. — Edgar C. Lawton, superintendent of the 
€haritable Eye and Ear Infirmary, principal; E. L. Holmes, F. 
C. Hotz and A. P. Gilmore, sureties; amount, five thousand 
dollars. 

By Treasurers. 

February 26, 1891.— Everett J. Murphy, treasurer of the Asy- 
lum for Insane Criminals, principal; Thomas G. Chadwick, George 
J. Ray and John Devine, sureties; amount, twenty-five thousand 
dollars. 



54 

May 3, 1891. — llasucll ('. Clark, trea.suivr of tho Kasteri* 
Hospital for the In.saiio, ])riiicipal; Kniory Cobb, Thomas P. 
Bonfi«^l(l and L. IJ. Cobb, snivties; amount, one hundred thou- 
sand dollars. 

January 2, 1892.— lOd^ar Madden, treasui^r of the Charitable 
Eye and Ear Intirinary, ]>rineipal; Ezra I>. McCaj;«;- and Joseph 
Kasper, sureties; amount, ten thousand dollars. 

March :2*i, 1892. — riol)ert Ti. Stinson, treasurer of the Southei-n 
Hospital for the Insane, ])rinfi])al: Jesse E. J^entz. Maitin V. 
Ussery, John E. Lufkin, Andrew I). Finch, John \V. Hess. Jacob 
Hileman and John H. Spann, sureties; amount, seventy-tive^ 
thousand dollars. 

NKW INSANE DISTRICTS. 

Under the authority conferred upon this board by sections 5 
and 6 of an act entitled "An act making* additional provision 
for the insane," etc., approved June 1, 1889, we made, on the 
17th of A])ril, 1891, a new assignment of beds in the state 
hospitals for the insane. 

This assignment was a necessity on account of the addition 
to each of the state hospitals at Elgin. Jacksonville and Anna. 
The a])j)ortionment was based upon t he ])opulation of the state 
of Illinois bv counties. The total ])oi)ulation of the state, which 
ill 1880 was 3,077.871, in 1890 was y. 820,531. The county in 
which the greatest change of population had taken place was 
naturallv the countv of Cook, in which, in 1880, there were 
607,524"^ inhabitants; 1)ut in 1890 the nund)er was 1,191.922. 

The Illinois Northern hos])ital for the Insane, at Elgin, was 
set apart for the accommodation and care of the insane of the 
counties of Boone, Carroll. Delvalb, DuPage, JoDaviess, Kane, 
Kendall, Lake, Lee, Mclleniy, Ogle, Stephenson, Whiteside, Win- 
nebago, and a portion of the insane of Cook county. 

The Illinois Eastei-n Ilosj)ital ft)r the Insane, at Kaidvakee, 
was set ai)art for the accommodation and care of the insane of 
the counties of Champaign, Coles, Douglas. Edgar, Foi-d, 
Grundy. Irocpiois, Kankakee, LaSalle, Livingston, Moultrie, 
Piatt, Vermilion, and W"\\], and a ])ortion of the insane of Cook 
county. 

The Illinois Centi-al Hospital for the Insane, at Jacksonville, 
was set apart for the accommodation and care of the insane of 
the counties of Adams, Bureau, Calhoun, Cass, Christian, 
DeWitt, I'ulton, Greene, Hancock, Henderson. Henry, Jersey, 
Knox, Logan, Macon, Macou]>in. Marshall. Mason, M( Donough, 
McLean, Menaid, Merc(M-, Moi-gan, Peoria, Pik(\ Hock Island, 
Sangamon, Schuyler, S<-ott, Stark, Tazewell, Warren, and 
Woodford. 

The Illinois Southern Hospital for the Insane, at Anna, was 
set aytart for the accommodation and care of the insane of the- 
counties of Alexander, Bond, Clay, Clark, Clinton, Crawford^ 



55 

Cumberland, Edwards, EfRn^ham, Fayette, Franklin, Gallatin^ 
Hamilton, Hardin, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Johnson, Law- 
rence, Madison, Marion, Massac, Monroe, Montgomery, Perry, 
Pope, Pulaski. Randolph, Richland. St. Clair, Saline, Shelby,. 
Union, Wabash, Washington, Wayne, White, and Williamson. 

The counties of Henry and Rock Island, formerly in the Elgin 
district, were transferred to the Jacksonville district. 

The counties of Bureau, DeWitt, Macon, Marshall, McLean, 
Putnam, and Woodford, formerly in the Kankakee district, were 
transferred to the Jacksonville district. 

The counties of Clark, Crawford, Cumberland, Effingham, Jas- 
per, and Shelby, formerly in the Kankakee district, were trans- 
ferred to the Anna district. 

The counties of Madison and Montgomery, formerly in the 
Jacksonville district, were transferred to the Anna district. 

Each of the counties of this state is now entitled to have and 
to keep, in the hospital for the insane of the district to which it 
belongs, a number of patients proportioned to its population, 
in the ratio of one patient to every 814 of its population, ac- 
cording to the eleventh census, as shown in the following 
schedule: 

Schedule. 



Counties. 


o 

« 

c 

o' 

p 

5' 
% 


O 
1 


SI 

B. 
5' 


P 


1 

o 
3 
<_ 

cT 

• i 

: i 


> 

2i 


Adams 


61,888 
16,563 
14.550 
12,203 
n,951 
35,014 

7,652 
18,320 
15,963 
42,159 
30,531 
21.899 
16,772 
17,411 
30,093 
1,191,922 
17,283 
15.443 
27,066 
17,011 
17,669 
22,551 
26,787 

9,444 
19,358 
23,367 
17,035 
17,138 
43,110 
14,935 
23,791 
21.024 
17,800 


76 






76 




Alexander 


20 .... 








20 


Kond 


18 .... 








IS 


Bo ne 


15 

15 .... 


15 








Blown 




15 




Bureau 


43 .... 






43 




Calhoun 


9 .... 






9 .... 




Carroll 


23 

20 .... 


23 








Cass 




20 




Champaign 


52 .... 




52 






Christian 


3S .... 




38 .. . 




Clark 


27 .... 








27 


Clay 


21 ... 








21 


Clinton 


21 .... 








21 


Coles 


37 .... 




37 
1,110 






Cook 


1,464 

21 .... 


354 






Crawford 




21 


Cumberland 


19 .... 








19 


DeKalb 


33 

21 .... 


33 








DeWitt 




21 .... 




Douglas 


21 




21 






DuPage 


2S 

33 


28 




Edgar 


33 






Edwards 


12 .... 






12 


Effingham 


24 .... 








24 


Fayette 


29 .... 








29 


Ford 


21 .... 




21 






Fninklin 


21 






21 


Fulton 


53 .... 






53 .... 




Gallatin 


18 .... 








18 


Greene 


29 .... 






29 .... 




Grundy 


1!6 




26 






Hamilton 


22 .... 






22 



5G 



Counties. 


O 

c 
2 
5" 


O 

o 




W 

SB 

s 

IT- 
9° 
9^ 

O 

o 


g 

OB 

o 

D 


> 
a 
a 

9 




31.907 
7.234 
l».87(i 
33.338 
35. 167 
27.809 
18.188 
22.590 
14,810 
25.101 
1^013 
65.001 
28.732 
12.1(i() 
38.752 
24,235 
80.798 
14.t)93 
2U.187 
38.455 
25.489 
38,0S3 
40.380 
51,535 
24.341 
13.5()3 
l(i.067 
11.313 
27.4b7 
26,114 
(;3,03() 
13.120 
18.545 
12.948 
30.003 
32,6.36 
14.181 
28,710 
70,378 
17..S29 
17,0r.2 
31.000 
14,016 
11.355 
4.7.30 
25,0(9 
15.019 
41,917 
19,312 
61.195 
IC.OIS 
10,. 304 
31.191 
9.98i 
66. .571 

31, ass 

29.. 556 
21.549 
49,!t0.'- 
11.86t 
21.281 
19.26- 
23.8(1) 
25.00.'- 
.30.851 
62.0117 
22.22( 
39. 'XiH 
31.42! 


39 
9 
12 
41 
43 
31 
22 
28 
18 
31 
18 
80 
35 
15 
48 
30 
99 
18 
32 
47 
31 
47 
50 
63 
30 
17 
2(1 
14 
34 
32 
77 
16 
23 
16 
37 
40 
18 
35 
86 
22 
21 
38 
17 
14 
6 
31 
1 18 
, 52 
24 
! 75 
1 20 
' 13 
■ 38 
12 
82 
38 
36 
1 26 

I S 

1 26 
24 
2'* 

i •*<' 

1 38 

1 76 

27 

49 

26 






39 




Hardin 






9 


Hcuilorson 






12 
41 




Henry 












43 




Jackson . . . 






3t 


Jasjifcr 








22 










28 


Jersey 






18 




JoDaviess 


31 














18 


Kane 


80 








Kankakee 


35 






Kendall 


15 




Knox 




48 






30 







LaSalle 


99 












18 


Leo 


32 


::;;;::::::::::::::: 




Livingston .... 


47 






Lof^an 








31 
47 
50 




















Madison . 






6:{ 








30 


Marshall 






17 
20 




Mason 








Massac 






14 








34 




McHenry 


32 










77 










16 
23 










Monroe 






16 


Montgomery 








37 






40 




Moultrie . 




18 




Oele 


35 










86 




Perry 






22 


Piatt 




21 






Pike 




38 




Pope 






17 


Pulaski 








14 


Putnam .. 






6 




Randolph 







31 










18 


Rock Island 






52 




Salini! 








24 








75 
20 
13 




Schu\ ler 








Scott 


:::::::. ..i;;.;: 




Shelby 


1 




■38 


Stark 


1 


12 




St Clair 






82 


Stephenson 


38 


1 




Tazewell 




36 




Union 






26 


Vermilion .. 




61 












15 








26 










24 


Wayne . 






29 


While 









31 




38 








Will 


76 






Williamson 






27 




49 












26 












Totals 


3.826.341 


4.700 

1 


83.1 1 1.700 


1.207 


960 



57 

Under the new schedule the quotas of the followino; twelve 
counties remained the same as before: Bond, Calhoun, Iroquois, 
McDonough, Menard, Mercer, Monroe, Randolph, Scott, Steph- 
enson, Tazewell, and Woodford. 

Fourteen counties g:ained one bed each: Boone, Clark, DeKalb, 
DeWitt, Effino;ham, Fayette, Green, Livinj^ston, Logan, Mason, 
Massac, Pope, Schuyler, and Whiteside. 

Nineteen counties gained two beds each : Alexander, Clay, 
Crawford, Cumberland, Douglas, Edgar, Edwards, Franklin, 
Hamilton, Hardin. Johnson, Knox, Lawrence, Marion, McHenry, 
Morgan, Moultrie, Piatt, and Shelb^'. 

Fourteen counties gained three beds each: Bureau, Carroll, 
Cass, Champaign. Ford, Gallatin, Jefferson, Madison, Montgom- 
ery, Perry, Pulaski, Wabash, Wayne, and White. 

Five counties gained four beds each : Christian, Fulton, Lake, 
Union, and Williamson. 

Eight counties gained five beds each: Adams, Coles, DuPage, 
Jasper, Kankakee, Macoupin, McLean, and Saline, 

Two counties gained six beds each: Grundy and Rock Island. 

One county gained seven beds: Jackson. 

One county gained eight beds: St. Clair. 

One county gained ten beds: Macon. 

One county gained eleven beds: Vermilion. 

Three counties gained twelve beds each: Sangamon, Will, 
and Winnebago. 

One county gained fifteen beds: LaSalle. 

One county gained twenty beds : Peoria. 

One county gained twenty-six beds : Kane. 

One count}' gained seven hundred and thirty-five beds: Cook. 

On the other hand, the quotas of seventeen counties were 
diminished as folio v\s: 

Twelve counties lost one bed each: Brown, Clinton, Hender- 
son, Jersey, Kendall, Lee, Marshall, Ogle, Putnam, Richland, 
Stark, and Washington. 

Three counties lost two beds each: JoDaviess, Pike, and 
Warren. 

Two counties lost three beds each: Hancock and Henry. 

TRANSFERS OF INSANE PATIENTS. 

On the second of July. 1891, at a meeting held in Chicago, 
acting under the authority of the sixth section of an act en- 
titled ''An act making appropriations for the ordinary and 
other expenses of the state institutions herein named," approved 



58 

Juno 10, 1801, we oiMlcred the tran.sfer of about tlii'''e liundi-etl 
patientH to the hospitals^ at JackHonville and Anna. This pee- 
tion reads as follows: 

For defrayintj the cost of transfers of insane patients which may be 
ordered hy the State Connnissioners of Public Charities, in consequence of 
changes made in the boundaries of the insane districts of this state, or 
of the removal of criminal insane patients to the Asylum for the Criminal 
Insane at Chester, the sum of to.ooo is hereby appropriated, to be e.xpeiuled 
as the said comn)issioners may diri'ct. and all Ijills for expenses ineurred 
by them under the authority hereby conferred ui)on the said commission- 
ers shall be paid directly from the state treasury, on bills of particulars, 
to be approved by the governor, and sliall not be charged to the account 
of the state liospitals for the insane, nor carried upon their books. 

We exempted six counties, namely, DeWitt, Macon, McLean, 
Cumberland, Shelby and Mont<>-omerv fi-om our ordei-, because 
we foresaw that after the completion of further additions at 
that time still to be made to the hospitals at KIgin and Kan- 
kakee a new apportionment of beds would be necessary, and 
the patients from these counties would then have to be retrans- 
ferred, thus causing additional annoyance and expense. 

In accordance w'ith this order j^the following transfers were 
made: 
July 20, 1891. — From Jacksonville to Anna, 58 patients. 
August 4. — From Kankakee to Anna, 05 patients. 
August 18. — Frotn Elgin to Jacksonville, 81 patients.. 
September 15.— From Kankakee to Jacksonville, 83 ])atients. 

The bill of the Illinois Central Railroad for transpt)rtation of 
these pati nts and the assistant physicians and attendants who 
accompanied them was f2,258.2i. The other incidental ex- 
penses for meals, etc., en route amounted to .f46.55, making 
the total cost |2,304.7(3. 

At a meeting of the board held in .\nna, October 20, 1801, 
the president and secretary were authorized to arrange for and 
to effect the transfer of insane convicts from the state hospitals 
for the insane to the Asylum for Insane Criminals at Chester. 
Contracts were made with the Illinois Central and the Wabash, 
Clu^ster cV: W(»stern railroads, under which 22 ])atients from 
Elgin and 51 from Kankakee were safely conv(\ved to Chester 
in cars s])eciaiiy fitted up to insure security as well as comfort, 
during the niiiht of January 4. 1892, and 22 from .lackson- 
ville, January 2i', 1892. The amounts paid und<>r this con- 
tract were, to the I. C. H. R. |1, 137.44, and to the W., C. & 
W.R.R. 134. (iS; incidental expenses |35.95; total cost |1,208.07. 

Four convicts were transf(M*red from the penitentiary at Joliet 
to ClK^ster Januarv 2o, 1892, and two more Mar-ch 30, at a 
cost of $1(>2.25. 

We aiilhoi'ized tlie transfer of lolin .Vnderson, not a convict, 
but a danticrous and homicidal lunatic, from Elgin to Chester. 
and the ex])ense in his case was .f30. 



59 

The nnexpended balance of this special appropriation of six 
thousand dollars, therefore, June 30, 1892, was f 2,294.92. 

An appropriation of some amount for the transfer of patients 
to the Asvlum for Insane Criminals will have to be made 
by the General Assembly, since the present appropriation will 
lapse October 1, 1893. 

THE COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

We recommend that a special appropriation be made and 
placed at our disposal for the purpose of enabling the State, 
and especially the county of Cook, to rid itself of prospective 
paupers likely to become a yjermanent charo^e upon the poor 
fund, and to be the fountain from which a stream of paupers and 
criminals will flow for generations to come, in consequence of 
the World's Fair at Chicago in 1893. The fact that the expo- 
sition will draw criminals is well understood, and we presume 
that all necessary precaution will be taken against their possi- 
ble depredations. But without experience in poor relief it is less 
apparent that there must be a large number of persons stranded 
in Chicago next summer for various reasons, whom it will be to 
the interest of the public to send back to their homes in this 
country or abroad, as an economic measure and social necessity. 
From the experience had by the states of New York and Penn- 
sylvania at former expositions, we judge that an appropria- 
tion of fifty thousand dollars for this purpose would not be too 
much. 

OBITUARY. 

We regret to have to announce the death of Seldon M. Church,, 
for many years connected with this board. He was an old set- 
tler of Winnebago county, and died at his home in Kockford, 
June 21, 1892, at the ripe age of 88 years. He was a man 
of unusually noble character, sound judgment, capacity for af- 
fairs and public spirit; a faithful hnsband, a loving father, a 
true friend, and an honored citizen. His counsel was highly 
valued by us until the infirmities of age compelled his resigna- 
tion in 1875. 

SPECIAL INVESTIGATION. 

We reproduce here our report, submitted to the Governor last 
July, of an investigation ordered by him as to the truth of cer- 
tain charges made in the Chicago Times of mismanagement of 
the Central Hospital for the Insane, in Jacksonville. 

The State Commissioners of Public Ciiarities take pleasure in reporting 
to you that, having- spent four days in probing to the bottom the charges 
made last winter in the Chicago Times against the management of the 
Central Hospital for the Insane, at Jacksonville, they find that they were 
not sustained bv the evidence in the case. 



60 

Mr. William Wilson, of Adams coiiiity. a patic-iit, was accidfntally 
(Irowticii ill the rcsorvoir. and his body was not fliscovered until the ice 
had molted, but wht-n found tlu' body was vvator-soakcd, white, and 
wrinkled, fully clothed, arid the skin unbroken. Decomposition did not 
take place until after i1 had l)een taken from the water. The reservoir 
has a capacity of 7,<)(MI.0(M) t^allons. The water was in no wise contami- 
nated, but if it had been, it was shut otT and not used for three months. 
Water from this reservoir is not used for drinkin),', but drinkinjr water is 
supplied from wells. No injury resulted to any one from the course fol- 
lowed by the superintendent, and no blame attaches to him on this 
account. 

Mrs. Ashlock"s baV)y was clearl\' proved to be the child of Mr. Ashlock 
himself. 

There has never been a child born in the hospital whose parentatre is 
not known, ana no otlicer or employe has ever been suspected of unproper 
relations with any female patient. 

In the case of ijatients sent home for burial, their bodies are liable to 
be marked and scarred in various ways. Some patients have paralytic or 
syphilitic ulcers, others bedsores: epileptics and paralytics are apt to fall 
and hurt themselves: one patient sometimes strikes, kicks or bites 
another: some patients beat and cut themselves, ^'ouge out their own 
eyes, and make unsuccessful attempts to commit suicide: sometimes 
patients are injured in an unavoidable struggle between them and their 
keepers. Without clearer and more specific testimony in individual in- 
stances, of more recent date than tliat of the Peoria patient referred to 
by Mr. Ziegler, it would be unjust and unfair to presume abuse or mis- 
rnanagement on the part of the hospital authorities. 

Lizzie Leisenfeldt, an idiotic girl from Calhoun county, died, and her 
parents were not notified of her death, simply l)ecause Dr. Carriel had 
never l)een informed that she had parents living. The county clerk of 
of Calhoun county was notified immediately. 

No distinction is made in the treatment of bond and pauper patients, 
nor are bond patients retained longer, on the average, than paupers. 

No proof was submitted of any combination by dealers in Jacksonville 
to enhance the price of coal. The price paid is $l.(i.'< per ton, delivered 
at the hospital. Nor is there reason to suspect any attempt at fraud in 
the weighing. 

Dr. Carriel has no annual pass on the Chicago and Northwestern Kail- 
road-: At one time he had. but that was bef tre the passage of the Inter- 
State Cf)mmerce Act. It was a ])ersonal pass, and his family made no 
use of it. The patient on whose account it was said to have l)oen given 
him is dead, and was retained in the institution solely because his in- 
.sanity was of a homicidal character. 

The statement that Mowers are not furnished to the wards, we know l)y 
persotial observation at many times within the past twenty years, to be 
absurdly false. It is equally untrue that llowers are sold or given away. 

Our investigation went much farther than the charges in the Tintes. 
We were especially anxious to ascertain whet her patients had Iteen abused 
by attendants and the olTense overlooked by the medical otiicers in charge. 
In all large liospitals for the insane attendants arc at times employed 
who arc incompetent, and wlio lose their temjier under provocation. Cases 
of abuse were acknowledged to have occurred at .lacksonville, l)Ut in all 
cases where the fact was known to the superintendent the attendant in 
the wrong was promptly discharged. 

Hy reference to the stenogra])hic report of the evidence, you will see 
that the number of patients claimed to liave been mistreated in any way 
was small in comparison with the entire number, and that in many in- 
stances the jtatieiit was not injured. Some of the worst cases reported 
were teslilled to l>y witn<\sses who may lie faii'ly called prosecuting wit- 
ni-;<i's, uhosi' nniions against the superintendent was very ai)i)arcnt. and 



61 

who had a grievance to avenge. For this reason their testimony made 
less impression upon our minds than it otherwise would have done. The 
attendant against whom the most serious charges of cruelty were made 
was not present to testify in his own behalf. 

We have delayed this report, in order to give the superintendent an 
opportunity to And him and put him on the stand. He has been unable 
to discover his present place of residence. But you have been fully in- 
formed, in conversation, of all the facts in the case, and we trust that 
no injury will result from the delay, which was unavoidable, under all 
the circumstances. 

All of which is respectfully submitted. 

J. L. E. Wadsworth, 
John M. Gould, 
■ A. T. Barnes, 

Coramissioners. 

Since writing the above, M. T. Barnes, against whom the most 
serious charges, of cruelty to patients, were made, has been 
found and has made a deposition, denying in detail the truth 
of the charges made against him. M. T. Barnes' deposition is 
attached to the stenographer's report of the testimony, which, 
will be found on file in our office. 



02 



CHAPTER II. 



THE REVISION OF THE LUNACY LAWS. 

The failure of the General assembly, at its last session, to pass 
the bill for an act to revise the law relating to the conimitnient 
and detention of lunatics eompels us affam to r-all attention to 
the necessity for leoislation upon this im])oi'tant subject. 

A few remarks, by way of introduction, on the necessity and 
utility of state hospitals and asylums for the insane will aid the 
reader better to appreciate the force of the argument for such 
revision. 

In the popular ai)])iehensioii, insanity is an ago;regati()n or 
combination of certain obvious and famiHar symptoms of mental 
derangement. These manifestations, which in their more pro- 
Dounced forms, are easily recognized by all men of average 
capacity and infoiination, assume the character of fncial contor- 
tions or expi-ession, gestui-es. speech, actions, and conduct. In 
the absence of any unmistakable outward manifestation of in- 
sanity, most men of limited ex])erience, without medical train- 
ing, would be apt to question tlie ])iesence of disease, if not to 
deny it. 

I'lit from the medical point of view insanity is a disease of the 
brain. It is oi-dinarily, at least, a lesion of the bi-ain. that is to 
say, a fractuie of the net woi-k of Hhnnents wlK)se continuity is 
essential to the nt)rmal o]»ei-ations of the bi-ain, oi- in other words 
to i-ight thought, feeling, and conduct. This lesion is of neces- 
sity obscure, because invisible. The skull is an im]>iMietrable 
covering. Wh(>re death occuis, as the sequel of insanity, and an 
autopsy is had, it often lia])pens that large cerebral abscesses 
are dis<'overed, involving extensive tracts of the brain. On the 
other hand, the lesion is often so minute as not to be apparent 
without the aid of the microsc()p(>. In some instances, not ev(Mi 
the microsc()])e i-cn'eals its presence, though it may be strongly 
suspected that microscopes of greater magnifying pf)wer would 
enable us to see what is now beyond the lange of imperfect 
vision. 



63 

These brain lesions may occur in any portion of either hemi- 
sphere or in the base of the brain. On the theory that the brain 
is the instrument of thought, and that every particle of brain 
matter, in the organization of the mechanism of thought, has its 
specific function, two truths are clear. The derangement of the 
machinery through which the mind operates necessarih^ involves 
mental aberration of some character and degree. To think cor- 
rectly- with an impaired brain is like trying to draw a straight 
line with a crooked ruler; both are alike impossible. But more 
than this, the character of the mental manifestations will de- 
pend upon the position of the lesion. Careful and long con- 
tinued observations have demonstrated that the seat of different 
mental activities is in different regions of the brain, and enough 
is known about the localization of cerebral functions, little as 
we yet know on this subject, to enable skilled anatomists to infer 
accurately from the mental symptoms in individual cases the 
precise location of the lesion invisible to the eye of the medical 
observer. 

Now it is this lesion, and not its symptomatic conse- 
quences, which constitutes the fact of insanity. The lesion 
is the cause of mental derangement; insane manifestations are 
the effect. The lesion is first: the manifestations follow\ The 
lesion may exist, for a time, while the manifestations are in 
abeyance, just as a man may sprain his ankle without knowing 
it. and continue to walk upon it, until the pain which ensues 
gives him warning of the sprain. 

The causes of brain lesions are very varied, but in an import- 
ant sense they are always physical. What is termed traumatic 
insanity is due to an accident, such as a wound or a blow: 
falling from a building or a train, a gunshot wound, a blow 
with a club, a hammer, or the fist, a stroke of lightning, and 
the like. Where insanity is not the direct result of a sudden and 
palpable physical injury, it originates in the lack of equilibrium 
or balance between the work which the brain is called to do and 
the amount of nutrition which it receives. The normal balance 
may be destroyed in either of two ways; by excessive mental 
strain, or b^^ an insufficient supply of nutritive material to the 
brain. An easy and familiar illustration is furnished by bank 
overdrafts, which are similarly due either to insufficient deposits 
or to too frequent checks, in too large amounts. We often 
speak of the moral causes of insanity-, and attribute it, in par- 
ticular instances, to financial reverses, disappointment in love, 
religious excitement, overstudy, or the grief attendant upon be- 
reavement. But these causes, though real, are not immediate 
but remote. Many men pass through still greater trials with- 
out the loss of mental balance, simply because they have better 
nourished brains, brains of better or stronger fibre. The direct 
cause of insanity is in the structure of the brain itself, its origi- 
nal capacity for carrying mental loads, its development b}^ ap- 
propriate exercise, and above all the supply of brain food. For 



64 

all mental activity, intellectual or emotional, involves the eon^- 
.stiniption of brain tissue, a waste of material wiiich re(|uir«'s to 
be replaced, as fresh fuel is essential under a boiler. Whatever 
renders an adetpiate supply imi>ossil)le, whether it be jjoverty, 
famine, poor cookin<;-, disease in some othei- orjian of the body 
(the dioestive organs, for instance, or the heart), or physical 
obstacles to the How of blood to the brain, such as too small 
openings in the base of the skull for the cerebral arteries (to cite 
only one possible cause out of many which might be named), 
subjects its victim to a liability or ju-edisposition to insanity 
which has bei'ii ha])])ily termed a state of unstable mental 
e<|uilibrinin. In this state any unusual or protracted exertion 
or endurance may at any moment topple the })atient over, and 
he is mentally prostrate. Since sleep is preeminently essential 
to the repair of the waste of nerve tissue, there is no surer pre- 
cursor of approaching insanity than insomnia. 

At this point, it is perhaps pei-tinent to remark that there are 
other lesions, not in the brain, but in other physical organs, 
which produce symptoms so closely allied to those of insanity 
as to be indistinguishable from them. Hysteria, for instance, is 
not true insanity, thougii it may coexist with it: in a hysteri- 
cal woman there is reason to suspect a lesion of the ovaries. 
p]pilepsy is not true insanity, though that disease also may be 
complicated with it; it is due to a lesion t)f the secondary nerve 
centies in the spinal cord. Idiocy is the result not of brain 
lesions, after arriving at intellectual maturity, but of arrested 
brain development during childhood. Yet the terminal dementia 
of insanity, in its manifestations, is very nearly identical with 
true idiocy of an extreme type. For the accurate discrimina- 
tion between different forms of cerebral and nervous disease 
medical knowledge and experience are an iudispensable prere- 
(]uisite. 

It is a curious fact that insnnity differs from ail other (lis(»ases 
in one respect. It does not enter into the sphere of the patient's 
personal consciousness. Where the disease is in any other or- 
gan a telegra])hic communication with the brain through the 
nerves is at once established. The brain receives information 
from without, so to s])eak. and is capable of foiMuing a correct 
judgment as to the seat of th<^ trouble. But when the trouble 
is in the brain itself consciousness goes no farther than th(> ele- 
mentnry act of jierception ; there may be a sense of ])ressure, of 
fullness or of pain; if these are al)S(Mit there nuiy be irritation 
at the sense of inability properly to govern anil direct one's 
thoughts and actions; but it is usual, imleed the exceptions are 
so few that it m;iy be said to bo universally the case, that the 
patient seeks foi- some explanation of his condition in purely 
«»xtei-nal causes, and fails to rcM-oguize the jiresence oi diseas(M>f 
the brain, which he often indignantly denies. .\n insane person 
who knows himself to be insane is a rare phenomiMion. 



65 

From this brief account of tlie nature of insanity (wbicli is* 
not intended for professional readei's, but only to enable the 
legislature of the State to understand better the reason for our 
steady persistence in advocating a change in the Illinois lunacy 
law) /it will be seen that the manifestations of insanity must 
be very largely governed by the law of statistical percentages- 
and averages. Of an3' given number of cases of insanity, say 
ten thousand, so many will probably be due to a lesion in one 
particular spot, so many to a lesion in some other: the varia- 
tions in the number of each will be included within certain well 
defined limits. Since the location of the lesion determines the 
character of the symptoms, the combinations of symptoms in 
groups will exhibit approximate conformity to an ascertained 
ratio corresponding to the arithmetical distribution of the 
lesions, by locality in the brain. The types of insanity in all 
quarters of the globe resemble each other as types of pulmon- 
ary diseases do, and the prevailing types in one country are 
ap^t to be the )H*evailing types in another. And the pseudo ex- 
planations given by the patients themselves will be repeated 
under the operation of the same arithmetical law ; of ten thou- 
sand insane people, a certain peicentage will suppose themselves 
poisoned, another percentage will claim to be victims of perse- 
cution or a conspiracy, ariother will have committed the un- 
pardonable sin, and so foi-th. In every thousand patients there 
will always be about so many emperors, kings aird queens, so 
many millionaires, so many divine personages, so many hoiui- 
cides, suicides and incendiaries. 

We mention these facts here for the purpose of calling atten- 
tion to the obsurdity of the supposition that a jury of non- 
medical men can deliver an opinion of any weight in doubtful 
cases of insanity. But the existence of insanity, in its incipient 
stages, is neai-ly always a matter of doubt. The lesion is at 
first very slight. It gives little trouble. It affects the speech 
and conduct of the patient only at intervals and in such feeble 
degree as to be scarcely perceptible to any but a trained and 
practiced eye. Yet it is at this stage of the disease that re- 
medial mea'sui-es are most important and that theii' prompt use 
is most hopeful. 

Foi* insanity is an eminently curable complaint if taken in 
time. Lesions in the brain commonly heal readil.y and quickly 
if the irritation which they produce can be quieted. Suppose 
that a man with a broken leg should insist upon walking 
around in splints, how long would it take for the bones to re- 
unite? 

The essential elements in curative treatnient are few and simple. 
The first of them is rest. There must be as complete a cessa- 
tion as possible of the use of the portion of the brain which is- 
directly affected. 

Rest is impossible without sleep. 
—5 ,P. C. 



66 

Then follows nutrition. The patient iniist be induced to take 
all the food that he can as.siniilate. and his ai>petite tempted by 
a rich and varied diet. 

To secure digestion, exercise is essential. 

Durinji' the ])eriod of recovery it is further necessary to pro- 
tect the patient against drains upon his physical streng^th in 
conse(]U"nce of any other local coni])laints from which lie may 
be suft'erino-. His general health ie(|uires close watchin;^- and 
care. 

It is necessary to protect him also aj^ainst two mental pei-ils 
to which he is inevitably exposed. The first of these is despond- 
ency, the second the tendency to become the ])re3' of fixed ideas. 
It is here thnt we see the value of moral treatment. He must 
be cheered and encoui-aiied by ti,enial conversation, by the assur- 
ance of loyal, patient sympathy, by the manifestaton of per- 
sonal affection: but the sympathy and affection must not be 
excessive. Hia delusions must be i^'iiored as far as possible, con- 
tradicted as often as necessary; but the contradiction, thouj»h 
firm, must always be gentle and respectful. 

Both despondency and fixed ideas usually have theii- root in 
an exaggerated, moi-bid self-consciousness. Egotism, in some 
form, whether that of self-appreciation or self-deju'eciation. is an 
almost invariable symptom and accompaniment of insanity. 
Nothing, therefore, is more important than to divert the patient's 
thoughts from himself, which can be accomplished only by rec- 
reation and useful occupation. 

Jn leading a i)atient from under a cloud into the light, or 
from the wilderness back into the travelled road, it is most im- 
portant to humor him, so far as can be done without encour- 
aging his delusions. It must be remembered that abnormal im- 
pulses and desires are often normal, in an abnormal condition 
of body or mind ; and that nature herself suggests remedies 
which reason could not discover. The patient must be coaxed, 
not driven. 

Yet restraint is sometimes necessary. We use the word re- 
straint in its largest sense. Kestraini is necessary, in some 
cases, to ])revent the ]jatient from injuring himself; in others, to 
prevent him from injuring other ])eople; and in others still to 
secure the continued and intiMligent a|)])lication of the necessary 
remedies. This j-(!straint may be sim])le contiinMnent, to kee]> 
him from straying away; it may l)e isolation; it may be the 
removal of objects of t(Mn]itati()n fi'om his leach : it may be en- 
forced sleep by the exhibit ion of h\'i)notics: it may be a pei'sonal 
attendant; it may be the application of bandages, as a broken 
leg is placed in splints. AVhatever it may be, it is a therapeutic 
agency, under the exclusive control of the attending ]>hysician, 
for whose skillful emj)loyment the physician alone is responsibl<'. 



67 

The value of an institution, in the treatment of insanity, de- 
pends wholly upon circumstances. No institution is of any 
value, where the physician and nurses are not competent, which 
they are certainly apt not to be, if their selection is controlled 
by purelj' political consideration, and their tenure of office is 
made to depend upon the chances of a popular election. Nor 
can competent physicians and nurses be secured without the 
payment of adequate salaries. Excessive economy in this par- 
ticular is fatal to the utility of any institution for the care of 
diseases. All institutions in which great results are accomplished 
are expensive. But, however well an institution ma^' be en- 
dowed, organized, equipped, officered, and manned, no person 
should, generally speaking, ever be sent to an.y institution who 
can be ccjually well cared for outside. The question is wholly 
one of comparison, and must be settled for each individual. 

In the great majority of cases, the institution is cleai'ly indi- 
cated. Institutions have certain palpable, indisputable advan- 
tages over private treatment. The men in charge of them are 
specialists, with wider experience of insanity than falls to the 
lot of most phy.-icians. They have at their command trained 
and experienced nurses and keepers. They have more abundant 
and suitable facilities for the proper handling of dangerous and 
deluded patients. Institutions are more economical. The same 
combination of advantages for individuals would cost many 
times as much as they do where patients are massed and prop- 
erly classified in wards. 

On the other hand, the accumulation of patients in large num- 
bers, the necessity for establishing fixed rules and adhering to 
them, and the employment of so many subordinates chosen al- 
most at random from the ranks of society at large, without 
sufficient reference to their qualifications and previous training, 
tend to reduce life in an institution to a routine often most in- 
jurious to those whom it is designed to benefit. The chief ex- 
ecutive officer learns to throw off personal responsibility by 
devolving it upon those under him. The larger the institution 
the less the opportunity- there is for purely individual treatment, 
the less use is made of moral treatment, the less there is of 
personal acquaintance and sympathy. The larger the institu- 
tion, the more common do abuses of all sorts tend to become, 
and they are the more difficult of detection, therefore they more 
often escape punishment. If we must have institutions (and 
we cannot do without them), the more effort is made to pre- 
vent them from becoming overgrown the better. 

The necessity' for institutions grows out of the impossibility 
of private care in most instances, because, first, of the poverty 
of the patient's family and friends; or. if that is not the reason, 
then because of their ignorance, inexperience and incapacity. 
How many private persons are there who could so manage an 
insane member of the family as to secure for him the requisites 
of 7'ecoverv which we have named: rest, sleep, adequate and 
suitable diet, exercise, medication, mental and moral support, 



68 

recreation, occupalion and i-cst lainf.' How many (-(nild furnisl* 
those reiinisites, even with the aid of theii- local family physician? 
Probably not one in ten thousand. Of all persons, it is the 
rule that relatives are least fitted to take char<2:e of the insane 
on account of their excessive sym])athv and interest, the aver- 
sion which the insane are apt to conceive for them, and the 
contempt which, the ])roverb tells us, is bred by too <ii('at 
familiarity. Removal from home and from all familial- sui-- 
roundinjis is for many of the insane the indispensable ]>re- 
recpiisite of recovery. 

If we must have institutions, they must be either private or 
public. If ])rivate, they can be maintained only by charf»es or 
by charitable contributions. If maintained by charges, the poor, 
who constitute the mass of tlie insane, ai-e excluded from them. 
If maintained by contributions, unless endorsed, their su])p()rt 
is precarious and fitful. If endowed, they become arro<2,ant and 
dictatorial in their spirit, and are often mana<ied with wanton 
extravao'ance. But if resort is had to public institutions, sup- 
ported at the expense of the tax-payers, which is the American 
system, and has been approved by a long line of ]jrecedents in 
the history of legislation in Illinois, there can be no question 
of the su])eriorty of state institutions to county or muni(i])al 
institutions in every respect but one, namely, their too great size. 

Now on the assumption that the state hospitals for the insane 
of Illinois are to be kept up, and their number increased to meet 
the growing demand for them, incident to the steady growth of 
our population, we desire to point out that it is foi- the interest 
of the whole people of the state, tlie taxpayers as well as the 
unfoi-tunate insane, that provision shall be made for sending all 
recent cases of insanity to the institutions at the earliest moment 
practicable. 

The present law of commitment is an insu])erable barrier to 
prompt treatment in many cases, because it requires a jury ti-ial 
in every instance, whether or no. 

We have said that insanity, in the popular signification of the 
word, is due to a, lesion in the brain. The existence of a lesion 
can only be inferred from tlie symptoms to which it gives I'ise. 
These s^nnptoms are oi-iginally obscure and not easily recog- 
nized except by ])liysicians. Hut it is precisely while they are 
thus obscniv, that is to say, while the lesion is still i-ecent, that, 
the hope of a cure is gi-eatest and the demand for treatmenl 
most imperative. We have sliown the general character of the 
treatment demanded, in which medicine ])lays a very subordinate 
r6Ie. 

For the api)lication of the i-emedial m(>asures above indicated, 
with a single exception, no pernnssion from the l(>gislatur(? or 
the courts is re(]uisite. It is not contrary to natui'al or statute 
law to give to an insane man rest, food, exercise, medicine, en- 
couragement, sympathy, occupation, or diversion. In any case- 



69 

■where these will suffice, and where they can be supplied at home, 
the patient need not be sent, and in that event he ought not to 
be sent, to anv institution. 

The exception of which we have made mention is restraint. It 
is a settled principle of the common law, and an express pro- 
vision in our* state constitution, that no man can be restrained 
'Of his liberty without due and formal legal process. 

Unquestionably, commitment to a hospital for the insane is 
deprivation of personal liberty. The patient is placed in a locked 
ward. He is compelled to render obedience to rules which are 
often most irksome to him, and against whose enforcement he 
wages perpetual rebellion. All the details of his daily life are 
regulated for him. His attendant, though nominally a nurse, is 
in fact a custodian. The patient can not take a walk in the 
hospital grounds, receive a visit from his friends, or write a 
letter home, without permission. He can not return home at 
will, but may be detained for life, unless he recovers. If he 
leaves the premises b}^ stealth, he is recaptured and brought 
l)ack . 

We are therefore fully in accord with the sentiment which de- 
mands that the law shall sternW forbid and effectualh- prevent 
1}he commitment of any insane person to any institution, public 
or private (including the county receptacles for the insane at- 
tiached to our county almshouses), on the certificate of any 
number of phj'sicians, without legal process and the order of a 
court of record. 

We distinguish sharply, however, between legal processes which 
'have aims differing in their motive and are in almost all re- 
spects wholly dissimilar, between a criminal trial and an inquest 
in lunacy. Commitment to a prison implies guilt and a forfeiture 
of the natural right to liberty in consequence of wilful violation 
■of the law. Its purpose is the protection of the community, 
whatever may be the fate of the convict. But an inquest in 
lunacy is a friendly proceeding, in the patient's interest, for his 
protection. It involves no personal disgrace, no public anger, 
no desire to rid the community of an unloved, unwelcome mem- 
ber. Our complaint of the existing statute is that it too much 
disregards this distinction, and too nearly assimilates the form_s 
of an inquest in lunacy to those of a criminal trial, thus creat- 
ing a painful confusion in the mind not merely of the lunatic 
himself, but in that of tlie public. 

Really, we may say even more. In the trial of a criminal 
cause before a justice of the peace, the statutes provide that "the 
person accused .may have the cause tried by a jury ; " and in the 
county courts, "if the accused will waive a jury and be tried 
BY THE COURT WITHOUT A JURY, the court may, upon notice being- 
first given to the state's attorney, try the cause and pass judg- 
ment.'' Even in the circuit courts, it is provided that "all trials 
for criminal offenses shall be conducted according to the course 
~of the common law," and the right to waive a juiy is a com- 



70 

moil law li^lit. This riuht. wiiifli is <:rn!it(Ml to friniinals. is de- 
nied, in Illinois, to lunaliis. Tiic lanj;na^"e of tli<* statute is: 
"\o suj)erint('n(lent, or other officer or jxM'soii eonneeted with 
eithei- of the stat«? hospitals for the insane, or with any hospiial 
or asylum for insane or distracted persons, in this state, shall 
rt^eeive, detain or keej) in custody, at such hospital or asylum, 
any person who shall not have been declared insane by thk ver- 
dict OF A .n'KY.'' The verdict of a jury is indispensaMe: it can 
not be waived by the ])atient himself, under any cii-cunistances 
whatever. In this regard insane men and women are cruelly 
dealt with. The law treats them more harshlv that it treats a 
thief. 

In view of the citations which we have made from the <riminal 
code, it is absurd to claim that process fjf law means trial by 
jury. Process of law means sinii)ly the determination of a ques- 
tion at i.ssue before a judicial tribunal in accordance with forms 
of law identically the same for all le<>-al dis])utants. Any issue 
can be settled by aj^Teement between the litigants; any cause 
7nay be determined by the judg-e, if both i)arties agree to refer 
it to him for decision. But the universal principles of civil and 
criminal juris])rudence are arbitrarily' set aside in Mrs. Packard's 
''personal liberty bill,'' which is an excrescence and a blot on the 
statutes and the fair fame of this o-reat state. 

In a criminal cause, the State assumes the position of ])rose- 
cutor. Public pr(jsecutors are elected by the people, and the 
presumption is that criminal charges are not brought without 
adequate motive, even where they can not be proved. But in 
every inquest in lunacy, under oui- laws, the State should, to 
be consistent, take the defence into its own hands, and make it 
the duty of every state's attorney to op])ose the commitment 
of sui)p()se(l lunatics to the State hospitals for the insane, on 
the assumption that the motives of the patient's friends in seek- 
ing to secure for him proper care and treatment, for his recov- 
ery, are fraudulent and unworthy. 

The statute seems to have been framed in the intent to cover 
with absolute certainty those isolated and excei)tional instances 
in which interested relatives or ])eisonal enemies seek to take 
advantage of mere (eccentricity or nervous excitement or exhaus- 
tion to enable them to obtain possession of an estate or to do 
a wrong. But the law should be so framed as to protect the 
majority not the minority of citizens of a free state. Excep- 
tional wrongs can be ])revented or ])unished without resort to 
measures which are cruel and unjust to th(> mass of innocent 
sufferers from disease, as well as to their families and friends. 

The history of the statute shows it to have been enacted ig- 
norant ly, in a moment of passion. The act was ])assed at the 
solicitation of Mrs. Packard, who ha<l been a ])atient in the 
hos])ital for the insane, at Jacksonville. That she was wrong- 
fully commit ted, w«' admit. We do not admit that she was sane 
when cominitte(l. The law was not violated in her commitment. 



71 

because tlie law, prior to tlie year 1867, wan in these words: 
"Married women and infants may be received by the request of 
the husband of tlie woman or the parent or g,uardian of the 
infant, if the medical superintendent shall be satisfied that they 
are insane." (Session laws, 1853, pp. 241-246, § 6.) This pro- 
vision authorized her reception, because it was requested by her 
husband, and she was believed by the medical superintendent of 
the hospital to be insane. The wrong done her w^as by the leg- 
islature of 185B, in enacting a law which was a'l essential vio- 
lation of her rights. Smarting under the sense of this wrong, 
she persuaded the legislature of 1867 in attempting to right it, 
to do a wrong to every insane man and woman in Illinois, for 
the present law is a still greater violation of equity and hu- 
manity than was contained in the original charter of the Jack- 
sonville hospital, of which complaint was justly made. 

The retention of this obnoxious legislation is not to be at- 
tributed to the lack of determined, persistent opposition to it 
on the part of the best informed witnesses of its yjractical 
Avorking. The medical profession has repeatedly denounced it 
and petitioned for its repeal. This petition has been warmly 
seconded by the judges who have administered it. Again and 
again, the judiciary committees of both the senate and the 
house have recommended material modifications in the act. 
Whea, in 1874, the commission to revise the statutes made its 
report, it acknowledged that it had not been able to revise the 
laws relating to lunatics for want of sufficient knowledge of the 
subject. That knowledge is now in possession of the people of 
the state, and we respectfully submit that the hour has ar- 
rived when their representatives in the General Assembly should 
no longer defer decisive action upon a question of such magni- 
tude, which affects the lives and happiness of so man^^ un- 
fortunates. 

It has been shown by us in former reports that insanity 
trials under chapter 85 of the Kevised Statutes are often 
farcical ; that the judges themselves evade the literal require- 
ments of the law, in the interest of humanity and justice; that 
the publication of the details of the condition of many insane 
men, and more especially of many insane women, is an outrage 
upon decency ; that the exposure to the weather in going to 
the county-seat from remote parts of the county has been the 
occasion of the sacrifice of many valuable lives; that the dread 
of this unnecessary ordeal has deterred the friends of many 
patients from subjecting them to it until too late, and that 
thus all chance of their restoration to reason has been lost; 
that the verdict of the jury is such in name but not in fact, 
being controlled in nearly all cases by the judgment of the 
medical member based on the medical testimony in the case; 
and that juries have notoriously erred in their verdicts, having 
in some instances pronounced men sane who subsequently com- 
mitted murder. The good resulting from the law is problemat- 
ical; the harm certain and beyond computation. 



72 

The sole rpasoii for the lierppfualion of this ui'onfr is fear. 
\() more iji'iiorant, uiimanl.v ff-ar can well he iinajiiiicil. Should 
the law he rcpeahMl, Illinois will simply he in the same peril 
that eiM;ompasses every other state in the American Union — no 
less ami no .<>reat(M- than at this moment. Theic will he no 
more o|)portunity for false im])risonmeMl noi- indnci'ment for it 
than now. 

We thei-efore suhmit afresh the draft of a hill for an aet to 
revise the law relating- to the commitment and detention of 
lunatics, with all the amendments which vai-ious judiciary com- 
mittees of the (Jeneral Assemhly have hnui ahlc thus far to 
suoo'est. This bill is the result of exhaustive study of the lunacy 
acts of all the states and territories. It has been considei-ed 
and discussed as thorouo'hly as any measure ever introduced in 
either house. It contains a multitude of improvements on the 
existing," law, most of which will commend themselves at si«j:ht. 
In its ])resent form it has received the endorsement of both the 
iudi<iary committees of the Thirty-seventh (ieneral Assi'nd)Iy, 
one of which was Republican and the other Democratic. We 
print it, with ex})lanatory comments, and trust that it will re- 
ceive the altention which it merits. 

.1 Bill for nil Act to revise the Jaw rfhiting to the coinruitinent 
and detention of lunatics. 

Section 1. Be it enacted hi/ the People of the State of IIUn-,is, rejjresented 
in the denexal Assem'tji: That the word insane, in this act. shall be con- 
strued to mean any person wlio. by reason of unsoundness of mind, is in- 
capable of raanaKiiiy: or carin<i: for his own estate, or is dansert)us to him- 
self or others if permitted to go at large, or is in such condition of mind 
or body as to be a tit subject for care and treatment in a hospital or 
asylum for the insane: Provided, That no person idiotic from birth, or 
whose mental develojjment was arrested by disease or physical injury oc- 
curring i)ri(u- to tlie age of pul>erty, and no person who is alllicted with 
simple ejMlepsy. shall l)e regarded as insane, unless the manifi'stations of 
aliiiormal excilat)ility, violence, or homicidal or suicidal impulses are sucli 
as lo I'cnder liis confinement in a^ hositiial or asylum for the insane a 
projjer precauliou to prevent liim from injuring himself or otiicrs. 

.\ttcmp1s have been made, in several states, to define insanity 
by statute, but with vi'ry indifferent success. No satisfactory 
definition of the word is ])ossihle. In some states idiots are ai'- 
counted as insane, in others not. The lllnois statutes contain 
no definition. It will be observed that by the terms of this 
section no person su|)])Osed to be insane can he deprived of his 
liberty, unless he is incompetent, dauftvrous. or ill. all of which 
ar<' (piestions of fact. re(piirin<>- no abstruse nuMlical or meta- 
physical speculation for tlu'ir solution I'.pileptics and idiots are 
excluded fi-oni hospitals foi" the insane, uidess they are homicidal 
or suicidal, oi- so violent as to be in dan<>"er of injurinu- them- 
selv(>s or others. The section floes not, liowe\-er. attempt to 
p;ive eitliei- a me<lical or leual definition of insanity in the ab- 
.sti-act. 



73 

? 2. Except as hereinafter provided, from and after tlie passage of this 
act, no insane person, or person supposed to be insane, but who shall not 
liave been legally adjudged to be insane, shall, by reason of his insanity 
or supposed insanity, be restrained of his liberty: Provided that this 
section shall not be construed to forbid the temporary detention of an 
alleged lunatic, for a reasonable time, not exceeding ten days, pending a 
judicial investigation of his mental condition. 

The key-note of the act is here sounded, the protection of the 
personal hberty of the insane. The existing law fails to protect 
their liberty to an equal extent, because it permits the deten- 
tion of insane ])e]sons on the county farins without judicial in- 
<3uir3% and because it does not prohibit restraint in the family. 
The revised act o-oes farther, and declares that no person sup- 
posed to be insane shall be permanently restrained of his liberty 
until after the question of his actual mental condition shall 
have been judicially determined. 

§ 3. When any person shall be. or be supposed to be, insane, any reputable 
citizen of the county in which such patient resides or is found, may file 
with the clerk of the county court of said county a statement in writing 
under oath, setting forth that the person named is insane and unsafe to 
be at large, or suffering under mental derangement, and that the welfare 
of himself or others requires his restraint or commitment to some hospi- 
tal or asylum for the insane: the said statement must be accompanied by 
the names of the witnesses (one of whom at least must be a physiciaii 
having personal knowledge of the case), by whom the truth of the allega- 
tions therein contained mav be substantiated and proved: Provided, that 
when it shall appear by such statement that the person alleged to be In- 
.sane has not been examined by a physician, the judge may appoint a 
<}ualified physician of the county to make such examination and allow him 
-compensation therefor, not exceeding five dollars, which shall be taxed and 
collected as is herein provided in respect to other costs in proceedings in 
lunacy. 

The proceedings contemplated in this act being for commit- 
ment to an institution and not for the appointment of a con- 
servator, they need not be initiated by a "relative or creditor." 
The supposed lunatic may be a resident of the county or a 
stranger, "found" in the county. The essential averment in the 
statement to be filed with the clerk is that the patient requires 
to be restrained, for his own benefit or for the protection of 
others. This statement requires to be supported by medical 
testimony. 

i 4. Upon the filhig of the statement aforesaid, unless the person al- 
leged to be insane shall be brought before the court without a writ, or 
unless an affidavit of some credible person shall be filed setting forth that, 
in the opinion of the attiant, the physical or mental condition of the said 
person is such (stating the same) as to render it manifestly improper that 
such person be brought before the court, the judge of the county shall 
direct the clerk to issue a writ directed to the sheriff' or to any constable 
OT to the person having custody or charge of the person alleged to be in- 
sane, comma' ding such person to be brought before the court at such 
time and place as the judge may appoint for the hearing and determin- 
ing of the matter; and in no case shall such hearing take place until the 
person alleged to be insane shall be notified as the court shall direct. 

This is substantially the provision contained in tlie present 
statute, with two additions. Thejudge, if satisfied that humanity 



74 

forbids the roinoval of tlio jcitient, as. for instaiif-e, in the rase 
of a woman delirious with pu('r|)eT'al fever, niav dispense with 
tile writ and iiold tlie in<|ii('st al her In'dsich* or lionie. And 
notice of the proceed in*»', orally or in writin;2,-, must Ije ^iveii 
to the pjH-ty in interest. 

(? r>. Inquests in huiacy shall Ix' by jury or commission, at ilie discre- 
tion of the court: Provided, that such inquests shall always lie hy jury, 
when a jury shall be demanded by the person allejred to be insane or by 
any person acting in his interest. It shall be the duty of the court in 
such cases to appoint competent counsel to appear at the incjuest for the 
person allegfed to be insane, and the court shall llx the fee to be allowed 
therefor, and the same shall be taxed as costs and collected as is herein 
provided in respect to other costs in proceedings in inquests in lunacy. 

The trial by jury is retained, and can not be dispensed with, 
if demanded, either by the patient or by any person actiufj- for 
him. 

S (5. Where no jury is demanded and the circumstances of the case are 
such that there aJDpears to the judge to be no occasion for the impanel- 
ing of a jurv, or that a trial by jury would for any reason be inexpedient 
or improper." the judge shall appoint a commission of two qualified phy- 
sicians in regular and active practice, who are residents of the county, to 
be chosen by himself on account of their known competency and integ- 
rity, who shall make a personal examination of the patient and tile with 
the clerk of the court a report in writing, verified by atlidavit. of the re- 
sult of their inquiries, together with their conclusions and recommenda- 
tions. The commissioners herein provided for shall have power to admin- 
ister oaths and take sworn testimony. 

Even where no jury is demanded, the jud<;e retains the ]>ower 
to send the case to a jury, at liis discretion. Any judjie who is 
so di.sposed may make it a rule that all insane cases shall be 
tried by a jury, in his court. But he is givmi discretionary 
power to dispense with the jury where he deems that there is 
no occasion for one; for instance, where all the parties are 
known to him, and there is absence of anv motive to do wronp^ 
and no suspicion of wron<>- intention, there l)ein<ji: no dispute as 
to the facts in the case; or wlu>re it is evident that a private 
hearini*- is in tiie interest of the ])atient and woidd increase the 
chances of his or hei- restoration to reason The common sense 
and experience of county judges are a sufficient guaranty for 
the riglit use of the discretion given them by tliis si^ction. 

Commissions in biiiacy are provided for in a nun.ber of states. 
Their relation to the court is much the sanu^ as that of com- 
missioners in partition or in dower. In the great majority of 
states not even a commission is required, but the court can 
accept and approve the voluntary medical certificate of a phy- 
sician or of two i)hysicians. Ev(M1 as amended, the Illinois law, 
should this bill be jias.sed in the form in which it is here pre- 
sentiMl, will guard the liberty of the citizen U)ovo rigidly than 
that of any othei- state. 

? 7. Ill all cases of imiuest by jury. I he jury shall consist of six i>cr- 
sons, and one of tlir jurors al h'asi iiuist lie a (iiialined jiliysician. ami 
the proceetlings sliall conronii in all respects, as nearly as may lie. to the 



ordinary practice of the county court. The rights of the person whose 
mental condition is inquired into shall be the same as those of any de- 
fendant in a civil suit. 

This is in accordance with the present practice, except^ that 
the riolits of the patient are more fully acknowledged and 
protected . 

^ 8. Inquests in lunacy may be in open court, or in chambers, or at the 
home of the person alleged to be insane, at the discretion of the court; 
the judge shall preside, and the presence of the patient shall be indis- 
pensable, and no proceedings can be had in his absence. The judge may 
require all persons other than the patient, his friends, witnesses, licensed 
attorneys and officers of the court, to withdraw from tlie court-room dur- 
the inquest. 

Our county judges do now occasionally hold inquests, where 
the circumstances are exceptional, and seem to justify it, at 
private residences; but the law does not expressly authorize 
them to do so. The provision as to requirina: the public to 
withdraw from the court-room is copied from the Wisconsin 
law, and is humanely designed to protect the patient from ex- 
posure and ridicule in case the manifestations are obscene or 
of a character to bring him into contempt. 

^ 9. The jury or commission, as the case may be, shall furnish to the 
court in writing answers to such interrogatories as may be contained in a 
form to be prescribed by the State Commissioners of Public Charities, 
and shall certify that the same are correct to the best of their knowl- 
edge and belief, which interrogatories shall be submitted to the medical 
member or members of the jury or commission of the court. 

The form of verdict prescribed in chapter 85 of the revised 
statutes is absurdly crude and inadequate. The finding should 
include such a medical history of the case, briefly stated, as 
will be of service to the physicians to whose care the patient is 
entrusted, in the effort to restore him. To avoid encumbering 
the statutes, this form is allowed bj' the act to be prepared by 
the State Commissioners of Public Charities, subject, (tis will 
be seen by reference to § vi3). to the approval of the governor 
and of the attorney-general. 

§ ]0. The court may, if not satisfied with the finding of the Jury or 
commission, set the same aside and dismiss the proceedings or order 
another inquest. 

This is the formal grant of a power exercised by the county 
courts under existing law, but not expressly conferred upon 
them. The effect of the section is to make it clear that the 
jury or commission is merely an advisory body, and that the 
responsibility for decision rests upon the judge, 

§ 11. Upon the return of the finding of the jury or commission, the 
court shall cause the same to be recorded at large, and shall enter the 
proper order, in accordance with the finding of the jury or commission, 
for the disposition of the person alleged to be insane. Sucli order may 
discharge the patient with or without conditions, or remand him to the 
custody of his friends, or commit him to some hospital or asylum, public 
or private, within the limits of this state, or to a county insane asylum 
or insane department of a county almshouse, if there be a county insane 



asylum or a (Icpartment for the insarif in the county alinslutusc in the 
countx where sucli aUetjed insane jx-rson resides. IJut whatever order may 
\)c made in the case shall stand and continue to he hindintr upim all per- 
sons whitm it may concern, until rescinded, reversed or otherwise iet,'ally 
supfit'cded or set aside. Appeals shall be allowed to the circuit court 
from any order or judjrment nuide or rendered under this act. upon the 
ai)i»tllant fjrivin^' such l)ond and security witliin such time as the court 
ma\ direct. 

Tiio Illinois law, as it stands, does not authoi'izp the coniinit' 
ment of any insane patient to a county insane asylum or insane 
<lep;irtinent of a oounty almshouse: it is possible that persons 
con lined on the county farms inio-ht obtain their release on a 
writ of habeas corpus. Commitments are made to the Cook 
County Insane Asylum under section 12 of chapter 85: "If the 
court shall deem it necessary, pendinp,- ])roceedinfi:s and previous 
to verdict, or after verdict and pendiuii' admission to the hospi- 
tal, tem]jornrily to restrain of liis liberty the person alU'o-od to 
be insane, then the court shall make such order in that behalf 
as the case may require.'' Section 6 of chapter 85 does not 
appear to conteni])late commitments even to private institutions 
for the insane. The provision which we propose to enurraft on 
the law cures this defect. 

But the section has another purpose. It forbids, b\ iini)!ica- 
tion. the restraint of any insane person by the members of his 
own family, without authority from the court. The sole object 
in view in an inquest in lunacy, as has been shown, is the de- 
termination of the question whether the restraint of the ])atient 
is necessary or proper. The order of the court must be ad- 
dressed to some person, who is alone authorized to assume the 
custody of the patient. And the order once issued is in force 
until revoked. 

Under existinp; law, no appeal lies from the decision of the 
county court. But the insertion in this bill of the section fol- 
lowing!: renders it necessary to provide for such appeal. 

i. \1. If any person alletjed to he insane, whose mental c; ndition shall 
he sout,dit to 1)6 determined under the provisions of this act. shall be 
l)ossess('d of any estate, real or personal, it shall be lawful for the person 
fllint; an application for an iiKiuest in liuiacy in his case to make at the 
Siiine time apjjlication for the appointment of a conservator for such 
allcfjrcrl lunatic; and it shall he lawful for the court, if the said alleged 
lunatic shall be adjudged to l)e insane, to make an appointment of a con- 
servator, uiKin tlie siiid judgment, and to exercise in respect thereto all 
tile powers contained in ;in act enlilled ''.Vn act to revise the law in re- 
lation to lunatics, idiots, drunkards, and spendthrift^," api)roved March 
'2(), IST4. in force .Inly 1, 1ST-*: and such conservatftr shall perform the 
duties and incur the liabilities imposed l»y said act upon consr>rvators ap- 
pointed tlcreunder. And every note, •1)111, bond, or other cont ract by any 
person adjudged to be insane under the jirovisions of this act shall be 
void as against the said lunatic and his estate, but the jjcrson niaking 
any contract wiih such lunatic shall be bound. 

'i'lio object of this section is to make one impiest serve a 
double piirj)ose, instead of recpiii'lnji' sejiarate ])roce(»diM<;"s under 
the different cha])teis. Chapter 80 is not r<^])ealed, but con- 
tinues in foice, and its pi-ovisions are made applicable to con- 
servators who may be appointed under this chapter. 



■i i 

I 13. Jurisdiction over the per8ons of insane persons not charged with 
crime is vested in the county courts. 

'i 1-i. Each county judge shall keep a separate docket of proceedings iu 
inquisitions in lunacy, upon which shall be made such entries as will, 
together with the papers tiled, preserve a perfect record of each case. 
The original statements and applications for inquest, writs and returns 
made thereto, and reports of commissioners or verdicts of juries shall be 
filed with the clerk of the court, and a copy of the finding, whether the 
person alleged to be insane is found to be insane or sane, and, if found 
to be insane, a copy of the medical certificate also shall in each case be 
furnish to the State Commissioners of Public Charities. 

The theory of the bill is that the jurisdiction of the court i» 
a continuino- jurisdiction, so long- as the patient remains under 
restraint. The record must show all the facts in in the case. 
Duplicate copies of the findings are filed in the state house for 
the information of the general assembly. 

I 15. AH persons admitted to any state hospital or asylum for the in- 
sane shall be maintained and treated, while in the institution, at the 
expense of the state: but the cost of clothing, transportation, and other 
incidental expenses not constituting any part of the maintenance or treat- 
ment shall be defrayed at their own expense or that of the county from 
which they were admitted. 

This is the present law, 

I 16. It shall be the duty of the county judge, at the time of each in- 
quest in lunacy, to inquire into the pecuniary condition of the person 
alleged to be insane and that of the relatives who are bound by law to 
maintain him. Patients committed to any state hospital or asylum for 
the insane shall be designated either as private or as county patients. 
Private patients are such as are of sufficient pecuniary ability to pay for 
their own clothing and incidental expenses while in the institution, or 
whose friends or relatives assume the obligation to pay for the same; all 
others shall be entered upon the docket as county patients. 

The objectionable term 'pauper" applied to county patients, 
who may be only indigent and not paupers, is thus eliminated 
from the statute book. 

I 1". Upon the entry of an order of commitment of any insane person 
to any hospital or asylum for the insane, the clerk of the county court 
shall send a copy of the finding of the jury or commission and of the 
medical certificate provided for in secti'm 9 of this act, to the superin- 
tendent of the hospital or asylum for the insane to which such person is 
ordered to be committed; and such superintendent, if the superintendent 
of a state institution for the insane, shall, witliout delay, admit such in- 
sane person as a patient in said hospital: Provided, that if there shall be 
no room in such state hospital or asylum for the admission of the person 
committed thereto, and if the county from which his admission is re- 
quested shall have its full legal quota of patients in the said institution, 
the superintendent thereof shall return to said county one quiet, harm- 
less, chronic patient: but should said county not have its full quota of 
patients in said hospital, the superintendent shall return one quiet, harm- 
less, chronic patient to any county which may have a number of patients 
in the institution in excess of its legal quota; and should no county be in 
excess of its quota, the superintendent shall select the most quiet and 
harmless chronic patient in said institution and return him to the county 
from which he was cdmmitted in order to make room for the patient re- 
cently adjudged to be insane: Provided, further, that if a hospital or asylum 
for the incurable insane shall at any time hereafter be established, such 



78 

chronic patit-iil in;i.\ lio i riiiisforrod to such Imspital or asylum: And, jjm- 
vided further, that in case it sh ill not be found possible to admit to a state 
hospital or asylum any patient adjud^'ed to be insane in any county court, 
the jiidf,'e of the court may make such furliier order in the case as may 
be requisite and lawful. 

The ]iractice here sanctioned and rej^iulated has p^rown up out- 
side the law. It is expedient to continue it, but to ])i-oteet the 
counties inoi'e eipHcitl y in their lights and at tlie same time to 
provide that, in the selection of ])atients to be returned to the 
I'onnties, the state institutions shall retain those who arc most 
troublesome and difficult to mana<»e. The continuing- juiisdic- 
tion of the county coui-t over its ward is recooiiized in the con- 
cludino- paragraph. 

S 18. For the conveyance of any patient to a hospital or asylum for 
the insane, the clerk shall issue a warrant, in duplicate, directed to the 
sheriff or any suilabk' i)erson. i)referrin},f some relative of the insane per- 
son when desired, commanding him to apprehend such insane person and 
deliver him to the superintendent. When necessary, the clerk may authorize 
the employment of one or more assistants: and no female jjatiant shall l»c 
thus taken to the hospital or asylum by any person not her husband, 
father, brother or son, without the attendance of some other female of 
reputable character and mature a^e. rpon receiving the patient, the 
superintendent shall endorse upon the warrant his receipt, naming the 
person or persons from whom the patient was received: and one copy of 
the warrant, so endorsed, shall be returned to the clerk to be tiled with 
the other papers relating to the case, but the other shall br left with the 
superintendent, antl the person delivering the patient shall endorse thereon 
that he has so <leliverc(l him: and saiil duplicate warrant shall be prima 
facie evidence of the facts set forth therein and in saitl endorsement. 

The requirement that a female attendant shall accompany a 
female patient not conveyed to the hospital by a near relative 
is new in this state. It is in force ^'lsewhere, and its ]iiopriety 
must be apparent. 

§ 111. No private patient shall be received Into any state hosi)ital or 
asylum for the insane, unless at or before the time of his admission there 
shall have been tlhHl with the superintendent a bond, with two good and 
sutlicient securities, apjirovcd by 1 lie county judge, executed to the trustees 
of the institution and conditioned thai the obligators shall tlnil tlie i)atieut 
in suitalile and sunicienl clothing while lie ma\ remain in the institution, 
and jiromptly ])ay for any articles of clothing furnisiieil or otiier incidental 
expenses incurred by the institution on account of said iiatient. and re- 
move him when reiiuired by the trustees: and. in case of failure upon the 
part of the trustees to recover upon any bond so apiiroved liy the county 
judge, the county shall become liable to the institution for the amouui 
due from said obligators. 

Since the county court |»;iss('s upon the solviMuy and respon- 
sibility of the patient ami his friends, and determines whetlu>r 
he shall be classed as a ])rivate oi" county patient, it it is only 
right that the county should be r«^quired to hold the Stat« good 
against a.ny loss which it may sustain in consecpience of an 
error for which the State is not res]i()nsible, and which it can 
not cornu'l . The form of th(> bond i-eiiuired is siiltst .iiit i.illy I he 
sam(^ as that now jirescribed by law. 

<! 20 Kver\ patient iidiiiittcd into any public or jtrivatc liospital or asy- 
lum fdi' till' insane shall have all reasoiialile opportunities and facilities 



79 

for I'oinuiunicatiou with his friends, and shall be permitted to write and 
send letters, provided they contain nothing of an immoral or personally 
offensive character: and letters written by any patient to any member of 
the Board of Trustees, or to any of the State Commissioners of Public 
Charities, or to any State official, or to the judge or clerk of the county 
court, shall be forwarded unopened. 

?21. No patient shall be placed in restraint or seclusion in any hospital 
or asylum for the insane in this state, except by the order of the physi- 
cian in charge or attending physician ; all such orders shall be entered 
upon a record kept for that purpose, which shall show the reason for the 
order in each case, and which shall be subject to inspection by the State 
Commissioners of Public Charities, and if a state institution, by any state 
official, or if a county institution, by any county official. 

'i 22. Authority to discharge patients from either of the state institu- 
tions for the insane is vested in the trustees, but may be delegated, by a 
formal vote, entered of record, to the superintendent, under such regiila- 
tions as they may see lit to adopt. Discharges may be made for either of 
the following reasons: Because the person adjudged to be insane is not 
insane, or because he has recovered from the attack of insanity: or be- 
cause he has so far improved as to be capable of caring for himself: or 
because the friends of the patient request his discharge, and in the judg- 
ment of the superintendent no evil consequence is likely to follow such 
discharge: or because there is no prospect of further improvement under 
treatment, and the room occupied by an incurable and harmless patient is 
needed for the admission of others who are unsafe to be at large or prob- 
ably curable. Authority is also vested in the trustees to release patients 
on parole for any term not exceeding three months; and if not returned 
to the institution within that period, a new order of commitment from 
the county judge shall be necessary in order to the readmission of any 
such paroled patient to the institution : Provided, that the court may 
make such order upon the old verdict, if satisfied that the patient is still 
insane. But no patient who is violent, dangerous or more than usually 
troublesome or filthy, shall be discharged from any state institution and 
sent back to any county farm, almshouse, or insane department of any 
almshouse not a hospital or asylum for the insane provided with suitable 
conveniences and facilities for the proper care of such patient. And no 
patient who has not recovered his reason, or who is charged with crime, 
shall be declared discharged until at least ten days after notice shall have 
"been given to the judge of the county court having jurisdiction in the 
case, in order to enable the said judge to make some proper order as to 
disposition of said patient when so discharged, which order shall be entered 
of record, and one copy of the same furnished to the superintendent and 
one cojjy to the State Commissioners of Public Charities. 

So long- as the capadt}' of the state hospitals for the insane 
is insufficient to accommodate all for whose admission applica- 
tion is made, it is necessary to provide for the discharge of 
some patients, in order to make room for others. All patients 
who do not require to be restrained are entitled to their dis- 
charge, unless they need personal care, and have no other place 
to which they can be removed. Among patients who require 
restraint, a judicious selection should be made. The state insti- 
tutions are better prepared to retain and handle dangerous, 
troublesome, and filthy patients than are the counties, and it is 
the will of the people that such patients should remain where 
they are; for this they pay their taxes. But all patients who 
require restraint are constructively in the custody of the county 
court, wherever they are, until the order requiring them to be 
restrained is rescinded. Therefore the county judge, who has the 



80 

resijuusibility lor llifir welfai'*' which exclusive jurisdiction ov»^r 
them iin])lies, iniiHt be notified of any necessity which may aiise- 
for makino; a fresh disposition of their persons. 

'"/. 2.i. No person shall be clischargcd from a state hospital or asyluui for 
the insane without suitable clothiiitr and a sum of money, not exceeding 
twenty dollars, surtieient to defray his expenses liome, which shall be 
charged to the jiatienl. if a jirivate patient, and if a county ijjitient to the 
county, and collected as otlier debts due the institution are collected, and 
this provision shall apply to the asylum for insane criminals. 

I 24. Whenever notice shall have been given to the judge of any county 
coiu't that any patient committed to any hospital or asylum in this state, 
imder theorder of sai<l court, has l)een discliarged cured, upon receipt of such 
notice signed by the superinlendent. whose duty it sliall be to give such 
notice in every such case, the judge shall enter upon his d(tcket an order 
restoring the patient in question to all his rights as a citizen, and. if a 
conservator shall have been appointed, the said conservator shall be re- 
moved. At any time, subseiiuent to the discharge of any patient, the 
judge of the county court may hear evidence tending to show that said 
patient has been restored to reason, and, if satisfied of his recovery may 
make and enter a similar order: and thereatter the said patient shall not 
be liable to be again committed to any hospital or asylum for the insane 
without a new inquest in his case. 

The record on the county court docket determines the le^al 
status of every i)erson whose name has been entered thereon. 
If dischai-o'ed cured, that fact must be entered on the docket. 
While in custody in any institution, the question of the patient's 
restoration to reason may be determined b}- writ of habeas 
corpus (see section 25). After discharge, the judg-e may review 
tlie case, in the hj^ht of new evidence, on a])phcation of the 
jjatient or his friends. These provisions remove the very serious 
objection to the ])resent statute, that it leaves the status of 
the patient, after liis discharge, in doubt. They also ])rev('nt 
the recommitment of any patient on an ex])ir('d verdict. 

I 25. Every person confined as insane shall be entitled to tlie benefit of 
the writ of habeas corjjus, and tlic question of insanity shall l»e decided 
at the hearing, and if the judge shall decide that the per.sun is insane, 
such decision shall be no bar to the issuing of tiie writ a second time 
whenever it shall be alleged tliat such person has been rest(»red to reason: 
and if said person shall be adjudged sane, on i)resentation of a certitleil 
copy of .saiil judgment to the county court wliere the inciuest was had. 
such court shall rescind and set aside the judgment of insanity. 

iJ 2H. If any patient shall escajje from any hospital or asylum for tin- 
insane, it shall be tlie duty of any sheriff or oflici-r of the i)eace in any 
comity in which he may be found to apprehend and to iletain him. and 
to report the same to the comity judge of said county, who shall return 
him to (he institution at the expense of tlie ctmnty from which he was 
c(»mniitted. 

l 27. In the event of a sudden and uncxi)ectcd nr mysterious death of 
any inmate of any public or private lios|)ital (U' asylum for the insane, 
notice of such death nnist be given to the coroner by tlie proper ollicer of 
tlie institution, and a coroner's iiKiuest shall be lield as provided by law 
in other cases. Notice of the death of a |)afient, and ol the ca\ise t hereof, 
shall in all cases be given to the judge of the court having jurisdicti»)n 
over said patient, and the fact of his death, with the time, place and al- 
leged cause, shiill fx' entei'ed uiioii I lie docket. 



81 

'i 28. Any person who shall conspire to commit any person to any hos- 
pital or asylum for the insane unlawfully or im])roperly, or any person 
who shall receive and detain any insane person contrary to the provisions 
of this act, or any person who shall maltreat any insane person, or any 
person who shall wilfully violate any provision contained in this act shall 
be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convicti'in thereof, shall be 
lined not exceeding one thousand dollars, or imprisoned in the county jail 
for any term not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion of the 
court in which such conviction is had. 

I 29. The costs of proceedings, in inquests of lunacy, in case of county 
patients, shall be defrayed from the county treasury; but in case of private 
patients, if the person alleged to be insane is ifound to be insane, they 
shall be paid by his guardian or conservator or relatives out of his estate,^ 
as the court may direct. In all cases where the person alleged to be in- 
sane is found to be not insane, the court may, in its discretion, require 
that the costs shall be paid by the person who tiled the statement pro- 
vided for in section 3 of this act, and award judgment against him there- 
for. The fees paid for jury service, attendance of witnesses, and execu- 
tion of legal process shall be the same which are allowed by law for simi- 
lar service in other cases. For services as commissioner to make inquest 
in lunacy the sum of five dollars per day and actual and necessary travel- 
ing expenses shall be allowed and paid to each person so employed. But 
when any person having a residence in this state shall be adjudged to be 
insane by the county court of any county of which he is not a resident, 
the judge of the county court in the county in which the said person 
resides shall be furnished with a transcript of the record and finding in 
the case, and thereupon the said county shall become liable for the cost 
of proceedings and for the cost of transportation, clothing, and other in- 
cidental expenses of such patient while in the institution. 

l 30. Members of the Soldiers' and Sailors" Home who may be adjudged 
insane in the county court of Adams county shall not be charged to the 
quota of said county, but io the quotas of the counties in which they 
had their legal residence in this state at the time of their admission to 
the home, and shall be committed to the hospitals for the districts in 
which the said counties are in hided. A transcript of the record shall in 
every such case be furnished to the county judge of the county from 
which they were admitted to the home, and in case of neglect or failure 
to forward such transcript, the county of Adams shall be liable for all 
costs incurred on account of any such insane soldier or sailor. 

I 31. Nothing in this act shall be construed to apply to insane persons- 
or persons supposed to be insane, who are in custody on a criminal charge. 

I 32. Insane convicts in the state penitentiaries may be committed to 
the asylum for insane criminals, without formal inquest, on the certificate 
of the penitentiary physician. 

^ 33. Insane persons not residents of the state shall not be detained in 
any private institution for the insane in this state, unless committed 
theret ) in accordance with the laws of the state or territory of which they 
are residents, or with the laws of this state. 

^ 31. In all cases where any person is sent to a, state liospital or asylum 
for the insane, being under indictment for crime, or having been acquittecf 
of crime on the plea of insanity, the state's attorney in charge of the case 
shall notify the superintendent of the hospital to which the accused shall 
be sent, of any indictment pending against sucli person, or of the fact 
that the accused has ben acquitted on the plea of insanity; and it shall 
be the duty of tht^ superintendent so notitie*!. in case he shall at any time 
discharge the accused, to notify the said state's attorney of the fact of such 
discharge and the reason therefor. 

§ 35. The state commissioners of public charities shall keep a record of 
the names of all persons adjudged to be insane, and of the orders respect- 
ing them l)y the judges of the county courts, copies of which orders shall 
be furnished by the county clerk ujjon their application. 

—6 P. C. 



82 

i! 3(i. Tlif adiiiiiiisiralion and •■nforccmenl of ilie laws relating,' to ihe 
insane of this stale and their treatment, iti or out of hospitals and asylums 
for the insane, is entrusted to tue sta e commissioners of j)iil)lie charities, 
who shall iiavc jiower. frcm time to time, with the a|)i>roval of the gov- 
ernor and the aitormy general, to make rules and rej;ulations on the fol- 
lowinif matter . so far as tlie same are not inc^tnsjstcrit wih anv laws of 
this state: 

1. Tlie liceiisiiif,^ ol all houses or places in which any person can ht- law- 
fully detained as insane or of unsound mind, and tlie witiidrawal of 
licenses granted by them, for cause shown, with the approval <tf tiie gov- 
ernor and the attorney general. 

'2. The forms to he oV)served relating to the cftmnntnient. transfer of 
custody and discharge of lunatics, not in conflict with tlic provisi(»ns of 
this act. 

li. The visitation and inspection of all houses or places in which any 
persons are or may be detained, permanently or temporarily, as insane, and 
of all persons detained therein. 

4. Reports and information to V)e furnished by the manager> or trustees 
and medical superintendents or other executive otlicers of all liouses or 
places subjeci Lo the provisions of thi-. act. also by the judges and clerks 
of the county courts, so far as the information requested relates to the in- 
sane under their jurisdiction. 

^ 37. In case it shall, in the judgment of the state coiumissioners of 
public charities, Ijecome necessary to institute prosecutions under this act, 
they are hereby authorized to call upon the attorney-general and upon 
the state's attorneys of the several counties for any aid and assistance 
which may be requisite, and the said officers are herelty directed and re- 
quired to render such aid, upon their application: Frovidrl. That existing 
private institutions in this state shall not be atnenable to prosecution 
under this act until the state commissioners of public charities shall 
have made such rules, and shall have allowed thirty days" notice within 
which to take out the license detnaiided. for which no fee shall be cliarged 
or collected, and shall have decided upon the ajiplication and notified the 
managers or proprietors of said private institutions of their decision. 

§ 38. The state commissioners of public charities, when engaged in the 
investigation of the managenlent of any h'spital or asyhim for the insane, 
are authorized to make application to the judge of any circuit or county 
court to issue subpoenas for such witnesses as may refuse to give testi- 
mony at the simple request of the commissioners, and the judges of said 
courts are directed to issue their subpo'tuis on the said ai)plication, and 
any person who shall fail or neglect to oltey such subp(pna shall be liable 
to fine or imprisonment for contempt of court. 

§ 39. The secretary of state shall cause to be printed in pamphlet form 
a sutficient numV)er of copies of this act. together with the orders of the 
Stat (M'ominissjoneis of pultlic charities, api)roved liy the governor and the 
attorney-geni'ral, and with the necessary blank forais of proceduri^ tinder 
the act, for the inforihalion of county officials and of the public. 

^ 40. An act entitled "An act to revise the law in relaticm to the com- 
mitment and detention of lunatics." anproved March :21. 1X74. and an act 
amendatory thereof and amending the title thereof, approved .June 15, 
1HH7, and all other acts and p:irts of acts inconsistent lierewitli are hereby 
repeah'd. 



88 



CHAPTER III. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE INSTITUTIONS. 

The celebration of the discovery of America bj Christopher 
Columbus, inau2:urated in Chicago this year, affords a suitable 
occasion for a l)rief review of the origin and development of the 
system of public relief in Illinois. 

The state of Illinois was admitted, by joint resolution of Con- 
gress, into the Union, in iS18. The number of white inhabi- 
tants at that early day was about fifty thousand : and they 
were organized into fifteen counties.* The population of the 
infant state was almost wholly to be found along the lines of 
the Mississippi river south of St. Louis and of the Wabash and 
Ohio rivers south of Yincennes, thus illusti P.ting the general ]n4n- 
ciple that population follows natural or ai'tificial lines of com- 
munication. These lines are now railroads, but in the early 
settlement of the west, t\iey were watercourses. 

The territorial history of pauperism, prior to the year 1819, 
is necessarily meagre and uninteresting. 

In 1819 the First General Assembly of the state of Illinois 
convened in Kaskaskia, and among the statutes then enacted 
was one for the relief of the poor. It might have been more 
appropriately termed an act for the discouragement of poverty 
and the repression of pauperism. The county commissioners, 
(foi' township organization was then in the far distant future), 
were required to appoint two overseers of the poor in every 
township. The principal duty of these overseers was to sell at 
auction, to the low^est bidder, on the first Monday in May of 
each year, "all poor persons" who should have become a. pub- 
lic charge. The persons sold could not be entered upon the 
lists kept by the overseers without an order from two justices 
of the peace. . The successful bidders were given the title of 
"farmers of the poor." Tiie county commissioners were directed 



*These fifteen counties were as follows: Bond, Crawford, Edwards, Fi-auk'in, Galla- 
tin, Jackson, Johnson, Madison. Monro:', rope, Randolph, St. Clair, Union. VVashinstoa 
and White. 



84 

to lew a sppcial paii|i«'i- tax (M|ual to tin' aiiiount ut' the sev- 
eral sums for which the jkx)!- ol' the several tow iis!iii»s in each 
county sliouM have been sold. Severe penalties were infiicteri 
upon private persons, eharitahly <lisj)ose(l. who niij^ht extend aid 
to destitute straufiers, without duly notifying- the overseers, that 
such stran<>ers nii«j:ht he innnediately removed. In case of the 
protracted illness or death of a stranger tiius entertained, the 
imprudent individual whose kindly symjjathies overmastered his 
sens" of ol)lij2:;ition to the law must, at his own cost, defray all 
tlic*cxj)enses of such sickness oi- burial; in default of jjayment, 
he mi;j,lit be committed to prison without bail. 

In 1821 the legislature made provision for the ease of non- 
resident sick persons or other destitute ]>ersons not paupei-s, and 
for their burial, in the event of death, at the expense of the 
counties. 

The ori,<»'inal act of IvSll) introduced into our laws all the com- 
plications reo-ardin^i' legal "settlements,'' which are the curse of 
the British poor-law system, and which have proved an inherited 
curse in New England. Fortunatelv, in 18:^7, the act was re- 
jjealed, and the word ''settlement" has never since reappeared 
ii])on our statute books. 

The new act of 1827 abolished the system of township over- 
seers, and gave to the county commissioners an unlimited dis- 
cretion in the matter of granting relief to any ]>erson not 
capable of earning a livelihood. 

Six yeai'S later, in 18^48, it was enacted that the county com- 
missioners, befoi-e extending relief, should obtain fi-om tlie ap- 
plicant satisfactory evidence of residence in the county for twelve 
months immediately pi-eceding the date of application. Failure 
to ])roduce the required evidence rendered the applicant liable 
to forcible removal fi-om the county. County workhouses for 
))aupeis wei-e in this year authorized for the first time; and the 
l)ringing of a pauper into any county was made a criminal 
offence. 

With the gradual incrtNise in the population and wealth of 
the state, the legislature became by degrees more charitable. 
In 18-V> dawned a brighter day for the destitut(» and helpless. 
A radical change was then made in the pau{)er system. The 
charge of the poor was taken out of the hands of the county 
commissionei's and vested exclusively in the justices of the |)ea(^e, 
whose duty it was made (lili^cnt/y to inquire' nftor all sucli per- 
sons as were unable to eai'ii a iivelihotxl. in cons(>quence of any 
bodily infirmity, idiocw lunacy, or other unavoidable cause, and 
to j)rovide for them the n«>(ressary comforts of life, by conliding 
the care of su(;h ]iooi- person or persons to some moral and dis- 
creet householder oi- householders, in the district, of sufficient 
ability to provide foi- Iheni. Nothing was said in the new act 
about a lowest biddei*. The time of residence i-e(]uired to entitle 
a poor person to county reli(>f was reduced from twelvemonths 
to six. ([ii 1841 it was still tiirthei- i(Mluced to thiity days). It 



85 

"was further made the duty of the county comiuissioners to grant 
such appropriations as would justify the householder having- 
charge of any poor person in providing clothing or other suit- 
^,ble comforts. The law authorized the purchase of county farms 
(not to exceed 64 acres for a single farm), and the erection of 
county poorhouses, provided the special tax for this ])urpose in 
any county should not exceed, in any one year, one-fourth of 
one per cent. 

This year was also signalized by the creation of the fii-st of 
our state charitable institutions, that for the education of the 
deaf and dumb, at Jacksonville, which has now carried on its 
beneficent work for more than half a century. 

At this point we leave the history of pauper legislation to 
take up that of the state charitable institutions. 

The act establishing the "Illinois Asylum for the Education 
of the Deaf and Dumb" was approved by the governor, Thomas 
€arlin, February 23, 1839. For its passage, the people of the 
state are indebted to the citizens of Jacksonville, who have al- 
ways be?n foremost in the advocacy of all humane and rational 
legislation respecting the unfortunate. The charge of self-inter- 
est can not justly be brought against them for their action in 
1839, nor for many years after, if at all. It is trup that the 
act fixed the location of the new institution within four miles of 
Jacksonville, but the orio-inal site was given by her people, and 
the enterprise was, in its origin, so humble as to give no indi- 
cation that it would ever become the magnificent charity into 
which it was destined to grow. For three years after the pas- 
sage of the act no formal steps were taken toward the acqui- 
sition of land or the erection of the south wing, (the original 
structure), which, though it cost but twenty-five thousand dol- 
lars, was nevertheless seven years in building. The school 
opened January 23, 1846, in an unfiuishei house, with four 
pupils, under the superintendence of Mr. Thomas Oflieer, who 
had been, for five years, a teacher in the Ohio Asylum for the 
Deaf and Dumb, at Columbus. There wei-e but nine pupils when 
the term closed. 

The method adopted for the support of the institution was 
peculiar, and deserves td be considered here. In the Act of Cong- 
ress, April 18, 1818, enabling the people of Illinois to form a 
state constitution, a liberal offer was made, in aid of popular 
education, which was accepted hy the Kaskaskia. convention. 
This offer included: (1) the sixteenth section in every congres- 
sional township, for the use of the inhabitants of such town- 
ships for schools; (2) three-fifths of five per cent, of the net pro- 
ceeds of lands sold, within the limits of the state, by Congress, 
from and after January 1, 18 _ 9, of which one-sixth was to be ex- 
clusively bestowed upon a college or university; (3) one entire 
township, to be designated by the President of the tinited 



86 

States, in addition to tho ouo tlifi'«>tofoTJ* rpcj.'ived foi- that pur- 
pose. U) be iTserveil for tin* use o? a scminai'V of Icainiii^-. The 
<>raiit tlius made was conditioned upon tlie exemption of jaov- 
enimont lands sohl after January 1, IISUJ. from state taxes for 
the term of five years: a condition wliich the state could well 
affoid to accept, since it ])romo1e(l the sale of unoccnitied terri- 
tory and s » encoiiraiied immiiiration. The fund arising- from 
these thi-ee donations lias always been kmjwii as "the school, 
C()lle<2:e and seminary fund. " 

In IS^i.'i-^i, this fund, which amounts to 1829,815,* was bor- 
rowed bv the state, which bound itself to pay therefor an annual 
interest of six per cent. Tlie cliarter of the Asylum for the Edu- 
cation of the Deaf and Dumb re(]uired the auditor to pay to 
the directors, annually, out of this interest, a sum not exceed- 
inu- one quai-tei- of one ])er cent, upon the whole amount of the 
fund, or in other words, one twenty-lourth of the intei-est. The 
institution received this annual allowance until lM-5, when the 
whole of the interest was made payable to the State Normal 
University. Durino;; that time it netted the iustituti«)n a little 
more than eighty thousand dollars. An appro])riation of three 
thousand dollars for this asylum in 1^47 was the first direct 
apj)r-opi-iation from the state treasui-y in aid of any of the state 
chai'ital)le institutions. 

The year 184(>, which was not a leoislative year, was si<z;nal- 
ized b}' two events of importance. The first of these was a tour 
made by Mr. Officer throui»-h northern Illinois in search of deaf- 
mutes and for the ])urpose of explaining- the object, provisions, 
and terms of the new institution. Its result was somewhat dis- 
appointing', but it doubled the number of ])upils. botli at the 
opening and at the clo.se of the ensuing school year. The other 
wail the visit to Illinois of Miss Dorothea Lynde Dix, whose 
memorial to the General Assembly of 1847, relative to the con- 
dition anil suffei-ings of the insane in Illinois, resulted in the es- 
tablishment of the Illinois State Hospital foi- tin* Insane at 
Jacksonville. 

I'^unds foi- the puichase of land and the erection of buildings 
for the accommodation of two hundred and fifty insane patients 
were at first pi-ovided by levying a special tax, to be continued 
for three yeai-s, upon all the taxalile property of the state, at 
th<^ rate of one-fifth of a mill on each dollar of the assessed val- 
uation. This tax was increased in 1851 to one-third of a mill, 
and continued un'il 1855, when it ceased, under the operation 
of the eighteenth section of the gem>ral appi-o])riation act. after 
haA-inu- brought more thin $2 (>..()() into the treasury of the 
hospital. For the maintenanc(> of the patients it was proposed 
in the charter to depend upon chaT'ges for their board and treat- 
ment; but in ii 51, before o|>ening the institution to thei)ublic, 
the demand for ])ay for- paupiM* patients by the counties from 



School fiiml.S<il3,3G2.96; coUubo fund. S156.(il3.3U; seaiiiuiry fund, Soll,838.72. 



87 

which they should bp sent was repealed, and it was provided 
that a. portion of the "'fund for the insane"' mi<2:ht, after the 
completion of the building-s, be nsed in defrayinji- the cost of 
maintenance of pauper patients, not to exceed one hundred and 
fifty dollars annually for each patient of this description. 

The erection of the orio-inal centre building and two wings, 
which was begun in the autumn of 1847, consumed five years 
and eighty thousand dollars, for the expenditure of which, under 
the primitive modes of ti-ansacting business then in vogue, nearly 
fifty independent contracts were necessary. Dr. J. M. Higgins, 
of Griggsville, was the first superintendent, and was elected to 
that position in August, 1848. The first patient, a married 
woman, from McLean county, was admitted November 3, 1851. 

In i847 or 1848. a blind man, Mr. Samuel Bacon, formerly a 
pupil in the Ohio institution, opened a small school for the blind 
in Jacksonville, which led. in 1849, to the incorporation of the 
third of the state charitable institutions of Illinois — the Institu- 
for the FJducation of the Blind. .Inothei" special tax of one-tenth 
of a mill was authorized for its benefit, from which, in two years, 
a little more than f 00,000 was realized. It was abolished in 
1855. An appropriation of three thousand dollars was also made 
to enable the trustees to begin the work of building. The school 
was opened in a rented house, on the first Mondayin April. 1849, 
under the superintendence of Mi'. Bacon, who resigned at the 
close of the year and was succeeded by Dr. Joshua Rhoads. The 
building erected by the state was not completed and occupied 
until Januarv, 1854, and was totallv destroved bv fire April 
'20. 1869. 

Three institutions had now been erected in the space of ten 
years, all of which are located at Jacksonville, and this consti- 
tuted our entire state charitable system until after the close of 
the civil war. There were few changes in the executive officers. 
The years 1851 and 1852 were years of strife in and around the 
Hospital for the Insane, which culminated in a legislative inves- 
tigation in 1853, and a reorganization of the governing board. 
On the fourth of June, 1853, the new board discharged Dr. Hig- 
gins, who declined to leave, and did not leave until after the 
question of his right to remain had been adversely pa^ised upon 
by the supreme court. Dr. H. K. Jones, who had been assist- 
ant physician discharged the duties of medical superintendent 
RfJ interim, until, on the sixteenth of June, 1854. Dr. Andrew 
McFarland, who had been superintendent of the New Hampshire 
Asylum for the Insane, assumed the control, under the trustees, 
of the Illinois Hospital. 

In 1357 Mr. Officer was succeeded by Mr. Philip G. (lillett, of 
Indiana, as superintendent of the Institution for the Education 
of the Deaf and Dumb. Dr. Giilett is still, after a lapse of thirty- 
five years, at the head of this school, and no better illustration 
of the wisdom of the policy by which competent men are re- 
tained, as in this state they have been, for long terms, can be pre- 
sented than the history of Dr. Gillett's administration affords. 



88 

iiotli llio lii.stilutioii tor the Di^af and Dumb and tlic Hi)si»ital 
for tliH Insane wn-o for some years attlietcil with a <h) ible- 
hea(h'<| orj;';iniza1 ion. Tin* ti'ustecs apijointed a st«'\vai(l for each 
of these institutions, \vh(j was to some extent inih'jxMnlent of the 
.superintendent. Tlie eonfiict of autlioiity to which this vicious 
system <;'ave rise wt^re of such a character, that in IHoT the k'g- 
ishiture wisely ])ut an eiul to them forever by abohshin<»' the of- 
fice of steward. 

The eai'ly jj-rowtii of the institutions at Jacksonville was sh)W- 
and neeih'rl carefid attention. In iy'_'3, Mr. Olticer, in com|iany 
with his teachers and seven pujjils, <;ave ])ubhc exhibitions, dur- 
ini>- the vacation, in the principal towns ofi the ^lississijipi river, 
between Alton and Galena, and alon*;- the line of the C. S: <1. ['. 
R. R. 

The buildin.us, both for the deaf and the insane, were com- 
]}leted, according- to the original i)lans. in lh<57. Dr. McFar- 
land was able to secure a ])artial appropriation that yeai- foi- a 
rear building and for an extension to the west wing, which was 
unoccupied for two years after it was built, owing to the failure 
to appropriate additional funds. The extension of the east wing- 
was not completed until 1867. so that the hospital was twenty 
years in building. 

The year 1867 was a nienioi-ible year in the annals of this 
liospital. Mrs. E. P. W.Packard, of Kankakee county, the wife 
of a, (/ongregationalist minister, had, in 186U, been conitnitted 
to the institution as a VJ^tient, by her husband. They unfoitu- 
nately differed in tlieir theologi(;al views, and she claimed that 
he was the great red dragon of the book of l^evelation. She 
Avas detained foi- three years, during which she accumulated 
materials for books pur])orting to give an inner view of the 
inanagement and of the life of a ]tati(Mit. by the sale of whicli 
she has since maintained herself. The agitation begun by her 
after her discharge resulted, four years later, in a legislative in- 
vestigation by a joint committee of the liouse and senate. The 
itommittee reported that patients liad been illegally mlmitted to 
the hospital, and that patients had betMi maltreatinl by the at- 
tendants: they i-ecommended the discharge of Dr. Mcl'^arland 
from the oifice of su])eiintendent. Neither tin* senate nor the 
house a(ted uj)on the repott, and the ti-intees, who did not be- 
li(»ve him guilty of abuses or neglect of duty, but regarded him 
as "honest, vigilant, humane, and intelligent." retained him in 
his position until 1870, wiieii he resigned the snpi'iintendency 
on the ground of his im])airetl healtii. 

The events lliiis hridly (h'scrihed had. lioweN'er, an eiidniing 
inlbience upon the organization and management of the state 
<-liaritable institutions. Thedeiieral AsscMubly in 1 8()9 ])rovided 
for t he election of two new hospitals for the insane, and it 
<*reated the boai*" of stat(> commissioners of public charities. 
This vear. t herefoic. maiks an era in th(> histoi\- df the evolu- 



89 

tion of the existino- system of state aid to the unfortunate; and 
the force of this observation will be more apparent as the nar- 
rative proceeds. 

But we must go back for a moment in order to expUiin more 
fully the situation of affairs at the date of the creation of the 
new board. 

Nothin<>j is more difficult, in many cases, for one not experi- 
enced in the diagnosis of physical defects, than to detei-miue 
whether dumbness in a child incapable of articulate speech is 
the result of deafness or of idiocy. It often happens that idiots 
are supposed to be deaf mutes, and vice versa, until they reach 
the institutions to which they are committed. There are also 
rare instances in which a child is both deaf and feeble-minded. 
The commitment of idiots to the Institution for the Education 
of the Deaf and Dumb, at Jacksonville, naturally turned the 
attention of Dr. Gillett to this class of unfortunates. The at- 
tention of Dr. McFarland was called to the commitment of 
idiots, under a somewhat similar misap])rehension of their real 
condition, to the Hospital for the Insane. But the necess ty of 
separate provision for them, though it was insisted upon for 
several years by a committee of the State Medical Society ap- 
pointed at Bloomington in 1855, was not recognized by the 
legislature until 18G5, when an appropriation of five thousand 
dollars was placed in the hands of the directors of the Institu- 
tion for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, who opened an 
experimental school for idiots and feeble-minded children in the 
mansion of the lamented Governor Duncan, at Jacksonville. 
It opened, with three impils. May 25, 1SG6, under the tempor- 
ary superintendency of Dr. Gillett, who I'eceived no extra com- 
pensation for the service so rendered, but served in this ex- 
officio capacity for four months, until, about the first of Octo- 
ber, Dr. Charles T. Wilbur was chosen superintendent and entered 
upon the discharge of his duties. 

In 1S65, also, the year which witnessed the close of the Civil 
War, the Soldiers' Orphans' Home was created, so far as an 
act of incorporation without any appropriation could exert 
creative power. The nine trustees named in the act were to re- 
ceive subsci-iptions and donations, but any location of the home 
was forbidden until the sum of fifty thousand dollars should 
have been paid in. In '867, the le<2'islature released the counties 
which had made subscriptions from their obligation, and ap- 
propriated, in addition to a fund of thirty thousand four hun- 
dred dollars, commonly called "the deserters' fund, ' the sum of 
twenty thousand dollars for the establishment and maintenance 
•of the home, which was built at Normal and completed and 
occupied June 1, 1869. 

The new board of State Commissioners of Public Charities, 
upon entering upon duty, April 27, 1869, therefore found 
three institutions in full and successful operation in Jack- 
sonville; one of which, the Institutution for the Education of 



90 

tlic Blind, had Iti'cu romplotcly dostroyod by fire, only a wcpk pre- 
vious to their taking- the oat h of ofticc. They also found at .laek- 
sonville an experimental school for idiots, in a rented house. The- 
onlv other state charitable institution was the Soldiers' ()i-j)hans' 
Illume at Normal, with a buiidinji" then rapidly appi-oa;hin<i: coni- 
j)letion. Theorphans were meanwhile tem])orarilytaui»ht and cared 
foiin tworented housesin Bloomiii^ton and anotlier in S])rinji-field. 

By the terms of tlie act ci-eatin^- the board, the state univer- 
sities were possibly included under the jurisdiction of the com- 
missioners: this is uncertain. Th -y exercised such Jurisdiction 
until 187 ', when it ceased The history of tlie universities will 
therefore be here omitted. But in 1875 they were granted 
jurisdiction over the State Reform School, which lasted until 
181)0. An account of the ori«2,in of that institution will not be 
out of place here. 

The city of Chicao-o established a i-eform school in !>")'), of 
which ReV. D. B. Nichols was the first superintendent. He was 
followed in 1859 by Mr. Georo-e W. Perkins. This school was 
discfjntinued in isio or 1871. About 186'> or 1855 the State 
Teachers' Association be<>an to move for the establishment of a 
state school foi- juvenile delinquents. At their instance the 
General Assemblv passed an act, in 18(>7, for the reformation 
of juvenile offenders and vaj:,rants: but no trustees were ap- 
pointed under the act until 1869, and the school was not 
opened until 1871. Mr. Perkins was its first superintendent. 

From these statements it will be seen that the system of ])ub- 
lic charity in the state of Illinois was in its infancy, when we 
entered upon our work, in 18;)9. The Twenty-Sixth General 
Assembly then began bnildinji,' it up and enlarfiin'.:- it. Besides 
the appropriation of one hundred and tweuty-fiv^e thousand 
dollais each for commencinj>- the construction of the two new 
hospitals for the insane, ir a|)propriated seventy-five thousand 
dolh-irs for the new Southern .Normal University. The trustees 
of the Institution for the Education of the Blind be<j;-an the 
work of i-ehuilding, ujjon the old site, without aid fi-om the 
state treasury, usiiin: for that pui-|)o.se their re])air fund and 
twenty thousand dollars recovered froni insurance com|)anies. 
With this money and about ten thousand dollars from the 
onlinary expense fund they succeeded in erecting' th«! west wing 
of the present sti'ucture. 

.Mmost the first questions that ])i-esented themselves in our 
expei-ience related 1() the proj»er loi-ation of public institutions 
and the water supi)ly which is demanded for their use. We 
stirred up a g(jod deal of unfriendly feeling by our criticisms of 
the water sujjply at Jacksonville, in our first report, though we 
said nothing but the truth, and the I'esult was that the city 
eriM'ted waterworks. We regret to have to say that the supply 
is even yet insuflicient. and that during the past year theri^ has 
not been waler enou ih to admit of \ho proper bathing of the 
patients in th;' hospital for the insane at Jacksonville. In 



91 

truth, there is scarcely an institution in the state, the location 
of which has been satisfactory in this particular. Illinois is for 
the most part a flat prairie, with few running streams, and our 
institutions have been built away from the watercouises. The 
hospitals for the insane at Eloin and Kankakee are exceptions, 
one on the Fox river, the other on the Kankakee. The State 
Reform School at Pontiac is in reach of the Vermilion river. 
But our first experience, with the two new institutions in south- 
ern Illinois, at Anna and at Carbondaie, both of which we saw 
p:o up from the foundation to the completion, deeply impressed 
us with the folly of entrusting the selection of sites to commis- 
sions made up of men wholly ig-norant of the needs of institu- 
tions, and especially with the wickedness of putting up the lo- 
cation of these establishments for the care of the unfortunate 
at sale to the highest bidder. The choice of Anna was in every 
way bad. A full account of the waste of money in the effort to 
secure a decent supply of water there would require several 
pages; and we are still not satisfied with it. In the location 
of about one-half its institutions the state of Illinois has been 
made to believe that it was receiving gifts amounting in value 
to nearly or quite a million of dollars. The actual value is not 
half that sum, and the state has paid in other ways more than 
these gifts wore worth It is a satisfaction to know that the 
system has been abandoned, and that it is now the practice of 
the General Assembly to forbid the acceptance of such torced 
contributions. 

At Normal, water had for a time to be hauled to the home in 
wagons, for a mile and a half. An "inexhaustible" well was then 
dug upon the farm and a wind-mill and pump erected, but the 
inexhaustible well went dry in about a year. 

We were earh' initiated also into the mysteries and miseries 
of steam-heating apparatus and furnaces. At the Soldiers' 
Orphans' Home the furnaces originally put in proved a complete 
failure; they did not warm the house, they filled it with smoke, 
and they set it on fire. 

The creation of the State Board of Public Charities was recom- 
mended by Governor Ogles by. The bill was approved by Gov- 
ernor Palmer, who appointed the original commissioners. The 
board has had but one seci-etai"y, during the past twenty-four 
years, the Reverend Frederick H. Wines formerly pastor of the 
First Presbyterian church in Springfield. Governor Palmer ex- 
pressed the wish that our first attention be given to the condi- 
tion and needs of the insane, which we did. The commiss'oners 
personally visited and inspected all the jails and almshouses in 
the state, and saw every insane man and woman in confinement. 
The secretary entered into correspondence with every physician 
in the state, and from their replies to his inquiries he compiled 
a complete list of both the insane and idiots, so far as known, 
which was afterward connected and enlarged by comparison with 
the lists obtained b}" the Superintendent of Census. The informa- 



02 

tioii iliiis ohtninod was of <^i-eat valiK'. Tlie t'Xjiosiirt^s made of 
abuses in the <()ini1 y institutions inauj^urated refoniiH in build- 
infrandin niana<;vniont wliicli havdx'cn too extensive and numer- 
ous to admit of more tlian this allusion to them. The revela- 
tions concerning- the number of idiots in Illinois \ver<' startlino-. 
They led, in ISTl, to the crcsition of the Institution for the 
Education of Fei-ble-Minded Children, althouiih an approjiiiatifjii 
for the purchase of a site and for thi- freciion of suitable builil- 
ings was not made until 1875. 

But the most fruitful of all the work done in the hrst two 
years of the board's history was the discussion, at a conference 
held .in the old state-house,^ in the library, November 10, ISGiJ, 
of the merits and demerits of the two systems of construction 
and oro-anization of hospitals for the insane then ct)nimonIy 
known as the con<*re<j,ate or corridor plan and the cottajiie or 
family system. Tlie latter expression has now fallen into disuse, 
and the phrase "detached wards" has been substituted for it. 
This conference was called by the State Commissioners of Public 
Charities, and was attended by th<» state officers and the trustees 
of the three state hospitals for the insane. It was our desire to 
secure some modification of the Kiikbride i)lan of construetion 
in the erection of at least one of the new hos])itals, if not of 
both. Dr. McFarlaud was the chief speaker, and he ably criti- 
^3ised the insane "monasteries,"' as he termed them, with their 
excessive restraints upon the freedom of patients, and sketched 
in outline the features of a better system, which have since been 
realized in the Kankakee hos])ital. The resolutions adopted de- 
clared a combination of the cottage system with that in vogue 
both desirable and practicable. It seemed for a time as if the 
trustees of the hos])ital at Elgin would carry out the s|)irit of 
these resolutions, but in this we were disappointed. Although 
the General Assembly had expressly given permission to try the 
experiment at Elgin.' in the act creating the Northern Hospital, 
the time for so bold a departure from the established architec- 
tural routine had not yet arrived. The elaborate and con- 
vincing argument made by Dr. McFarlaud on this occasion was 
almost his last great i)ublic service to the state nMidered in his 
ofheial ca])acity. A few months later, he resign(>d his position as 
su|)erinten(lent of the hospital at Jactksonville. and was suirccdcd 
by Dr. Henry F. Carriel, of .New Ji^-sey. 

The bids foi- the <-onstruction of the hospital at l^lgin were 
oi>ened Ai)ril D';, ISO: foi- that al Anna, .Inly 14. ISO. The 
north wing and rear building of the Northern Hospital were 
completed in January. IS 2; the north wing at Anna not until 
March. IST^i. The commissioners to construct the Southern 
Hospital, during the (list ten years ex|)ended only uiiicly-two 
thonsaiKl dollars, and of this amount not more than lifty 
thousand had gone into the building: the rest had been paid 
for land, commissions to the aichitect. and the expenses of the 
'Commissioners, who were paid for their services. They were 



93 

legislated out of office at the suceeeclino' session of the legisla- 
ture. Their successors had much trouble with the contractor 
and were compelled to call upon his securities to furnish the 
necessary funds, appoint an agent for their disbursement, and 
wait for payment until the building was turned over to the 
state. 

The legislature of 18G9 passed Mrs. Packard's "personal 
hberty bill," so-called, under which all the patients in the Jack- 
sonville hospital who had not been committed in accordance 
with the verdict of a jury were gi'anted a trial by the ^lorgan 
county court. A verdict of insanity was rendered in evei-y case. 
The trustees, being in doubt as to their duty with regard to 
those who were so demented or maniacal as not to be capable 
of knowing whether they wanted a trial or not, submitted a 
typical case to the supreme court then in session at Ottawa. 
In accordance with its decision, all such were tried at a subse- 
quent sitting of the county court and all were judicially declared 
to be insane. 

In 1871 our first biennial report was laid before the legisla- 
ture. The first edition was burned in the bindery at Springfield, 
and it had to be reprinted. Soon after the convening of the 
general assembly, Dr. John Sweeney, the treasurer of the Sol- 
diers' Orphans" Home, made the fact known that the trustees, 
who had reported a deficiency of twenty-one thousand, two 
hundred and forty -four dollars and eighty-one cents, at the 
close of the fiscal year 1870, had perverted the truth, and that 
the actual deficiency was greatly in excess of these figures. With 
the consent of the trustees he brought all the books and papers 
of the institution to Springfield and placed them in the hands 
of the secretary of the board of public charities for examination. 
On the ninth of June, 18/1, Mr. Wines submitted a report to 
the governor, setting forth the loose nmnner in w'hich the 
finances of the home had been administered, and that the in- 
debtedness (deficiency) on the first of March, 18T1, on all ac- 
counts, was sixty-three thousand, seven hundred dollars and 
ninety -one cents. A week latei-, an act had been passed pro- 
viding for the appointment of a joint committee of the two 
houses, to investigate tiie charge brought by Mr. Wines. At 
the expiration of a little more than two months this committee 
reported the deficiency at the date named to have been sixt^-- 
two thousand, one hundred and one dollars and thirty-one 
cents; interest to January 1, 1£72, eight thousand, four hun- 
dred and twenty-two dollars and one cent: total, seventy thous- 
and, five hundred and twenty-three dollars and thirty-two cents. 
The committee further found John M. Snyder, one of the trus- 
tees, a defaulter in the sum of about three thousand dollars, 
and John S. Clark, the former steward, guilty of dishonesty and 
of taking improper liberties w'ith some of the little girls in the 
institution. Colonel Snyder resigned, and Dr. Sweeney was ap- 
pointed in his place. 



94 

This was a year of dolii-it'iicics. TIkmc was a (it'ticieiicy of 
twenty-two tFioiwaud dollars at the Jacksonville Hospital for 
the Insane, and another at the State Reform School of nearly 
fifty-five thousand dollars. The latter was due to the* failure of 
Jt)nathan Duff, the treasurer, with the funds of the institution 
in his hands. Nothing- was realized fr-oni a suit brou,L»-lit aiiainst 
his bondsmen, l)ut about three thousand dol ars was collected 
fi'oni his assi^ni^es, the lireattn- ])art of which was |)aid into tlie 
state treasury. The total api)roi)i-iations necessary to wi])e out 
the indebtedness of the Soldiers' Orphans" Home and place it 
on its feet again, amounted to eif»hty-two thousand five hun- 
dred dollars. At this institution no rejiular books of account 
had ever been kept, until the a])|)ointment of Dr. Sweeney as 
tieasurei'. The necessity for the supei-xision exercised by the 
j-itate boa I'd was llierefore clearly apparent and universally ad- 
mitted. 

The Twenty-Seventh (Jeneral .\ssembly held two sessions, one 
in 18V.I and the other in 1872. The jireat fire in Chicago oc- 
curred October 9, 1871, during the recess. That fire seriously 
delayed the completion of the hospital at KIgin. It may be 
mentioned here that the moneys appi-opriated for the construc- 
tion of tlie Elgin hospital, were on deposit in one of the burned 
banks, but were recovcn-ed from its vault when opened, after 
cooling down, so that neither the treasurer noi- the state suf- 
fered loss on tliis account. The fire had another consequence, 
presently to be mentioned, wliich belongs to this recoi-d of 
events 

An investigation of the condition of the south wing of the 
Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, during the regular session, 
in 1871, made it clear that the structui-e was unsafe, and an 
appropriation had to be ma<le for rebuilding it. An a|)|)ro- 
pi-iation of insufficient amount was also made for a school 
house and for a rear building at the Soldiers' Orphans" Home; 
the rear building has since been taken down and replaced. 
With this session began, also, the series of magnificent im- 
provements made at the Jacksonville Hospital for the Insane 
l>y its very competent sui)erintendent, Dr. C irriel. The first 
stej) in this direction was the erection of a boiler house and 
laundry. During 1 he twenty-two years that he has had the ad- 
ministiation of its affairs in his hands, he has renovated the 
original structure in ev(M-v ))art, and has made adilitions to its 
ca])acity and resources which command the admiration of every 
intelligent critic, and have given to that hospital a deservedly 
high position among .Vmerican institutions of its class. 

But we were about to speak of the infiuence of the Chicago fire 
ui)on the fortunes of the Chicago Chaiitable Kve and Ear 
Infirmary 

So long ago as May, 1858, four physicians, nndei- the lead of 
Di-. E. L. Holmes, met several wealthy and benevolent citizens 
of Chicago (then a village of eighty thousand inhabitants), who 
together organized a board of twelve trustees, with two con- 



95 

suiting and two attendino- surgeons, for the establishment of an 
infirmary for the gratuitous treatment of diseases of the eye. 
At first they opened a free dibpensary at the northeast corner 
oi Michigan and North Clark streets, where it remained for four 
years, when it was removed to 28 North Clark street. 

In July. 1S64, Mr. Walter L. Newberry gave the board a ten 
years' lease of a lot of land, Nos. 16 and 18 east Pearson 
street, upon which was placed a largo two-story frame house 
bought for two thousand dollars and removed from a neigh- 
boring block. The first patient applied for admission before 
a single room had been cleaned and furnished ; he slept for two 
nights on a blanket on the floor. In a few months the number 
of applicants, chiefly- soldiei's, who were supported at the In- 
firmary by the Northwestern Sanitary Commission and by the 
governors of Illinois, ^¥iseonsin and Minnesota, rendered it nec- 
essary to provide increased accommodations for them. The 
building was therefore raised, a brick basement constructed un- 
der it, and the attic finished in three large rooms. In 1869 an- 
other building was erected at the rear of the lot. 

The institution, which was a private charity, was maintained 
by contributions and by gifts from the counties of Illinois, sup- 
plemented after 18k>7 by small appropriations from the state 
treasury for the board of county patients, a practice which was 
allowable under the old constitution, but forbidden by the con- 
stitution of 1870. The Infirmary was granted a special charter 
in 1865. The Chicago fire wiped it out of existence. There were 
twelve inmates, all of them totally blind, at the time, and for- 
tunately none of them were injured. The legislature gave this 
institution, at the adjourned session of 1872, four thousand 
dollars with Avhich to rent and furnish a building for temporary 
use. The Chicago Rv>lief and Aid Society made it a donation of 
twenty thousand dollars from the surplus remaining over from 
the fire fund in its hands. Meanwhile, it had been admitted in- 
to the circle of state institutions, in 1871, in order to enable it 
to receive appropriations under the new constitution. 

A special act authorized the governor, John M. Palmer, to 
receive, in accordance with a form of conveyance approved by 
by him, all the property, records and accounts of the Infirmary. 
The trustees were required, in case of their acceptance of the 
act, to enter on theii- records a minute to that effect, transfer- 
ring all of said property to the state of Illinois, a certified copy 
of which minute, approved by the governor and filed with the 
auditor of public accounts, was declared to be and to consti- 
tute a transfer of said ])roperty. This was done. The Infirmary 
purchased, for eighteen thousand dollars, a site at the corner of 
Peoria and Adams streets. The legislature, in 1873, gave it 
twent3^-eight thousand dollars toward the erection of a new 
building, which cost nearly forty-three thousand, and was com- 
pleted and occupied in 1874. 



96 

ill lyTJi, appioprijil ions wcic also lundo for tli«' coiitr-o huild- 
in«^.s of the Institiilioii for th»^ Kdueation of the Blind, nnd of 
the Northern and Soutlieni Hospitals for the Insane; also for 
workshops for the State Reform School; and foi- a new boiler- 
house and a new chapel, dinin^-rooin and s<-hool l)uiidiiiLr for 
the Institution for the' Hducalion of the Deaf and Dunih. The 
act limited the cost of the latter to sixt.v thousand dollars. 
The Trustees made a contract foi- a buildin*;- to cost eighty 
thousand. This violation of the letter of the law led to a lejris- 
lative i n vest i<>at ion and their removal from office. 

The Southern Hospital was opened in 1873, under the super- 
intendency of Dr. A. T. Karnes. 

In 187-:^. under (iovernor Bevei-idoe. Dr. Josliu.i Rlioads. for 
twenty-fnur years the sufjerintendi'Ut <jf the Institution foi- the 
Education of the lilind. was removed, and the Kev. Dr. F. VV. 
Phillips a])pointed to succeed him. The reason for this chanp:e 
was Dr. Khoads' a^ie and infirmity. He died, February 'y. 187G, 
at the a«;e of sixty-nine years, leaving' an honored memoi-y be- 
hind him. 

We now yppi'oach another epoch in the histt)ry "of the state 
charitable institutions, at wliicli all the irre<;ularities common 
in their earlier ,\enrs, of which instances have been liixeii above. 
ca;ne to a jierpetual end. The Twenty-Sixth (leneral Assembly, 
by an act ap])roved Marcli JS, iSGU, jjrovided for the appoint- 
ment of a commission to revise tlie o-eneral statutes of iliiuois. 
On the 13th of May, 1870. the Constitutional Convention 
adopted, and on the i^d of July following- the peojile ratified, the 
present constitution. The chapters prepared by this commission 
were not submitted to the legislatnrt' until the opening of the 
Twenty-Figlith (ieneral Assembly, in 1873, and the revised 
statutes were not adoj)ted until the adjouined session, in 1874. 
In oui- second biennial i-e])ort we contributed our sliaie to the 
proposed levision in our fourtii chapter, entit'ed " History of 
Charitable Legislation in Illinois," to which the student who de- 
sires more detailed information as to this point is referred. No 
revision of the laws relating- to the state charitable institutions 
was possible, in l''-<73-74. owing to tlie inability of the (Jeneral 
Assembly to agree as to their |ir()j)er organization. 'I'lie priin-i- 
])al point of difference grew out of the (leteniiiiiatit)n of a p«)i-- 
tion of the members to abolish the local boards of control and 
])lace the entire system of state institutions, with its multifa- 
rious parts and intei'ests and c()mj)lex aims, in the hands of a 
singl<' board. It was further iin))()ssible to .secure anv agree- 
ment upon the<]uestion whether such a board, if ci-eat(Ml, should 
bi' elected by the ])co|)le oi* .-ipijoint ed 1>.\' the gov(>rn()r. I'he 
whole matter, therefore, went ovei- for renewed consideration 
and (iisciission in 1S7."'». when the '-.\tt to i-egnlate the State 
(^Jharitable Instil nlions and the State Beform School, to ini- 
])rove their organization and increasi^ their etiii-iency " became a 
law, and the crudities. inconsisttMicies, contradictions, and omis- 
sions in their original charters and in the acts amendatory 
thereof passed into merited oblivion. 



97 

»In formulating this new charter or constitution the State Com- 
missioners of Public Charities iiad a principal share. Their 
studies, observations and experience had taught them the de- 
fects of the existing congeries of conflicting statutes and made 
them familiar with the true principles of successful organization, 
management and control. The merits of the act are gi-eat. ' Its 
definition and distiibution of functions, duties and responsibili- 
ties are clear and precise. The checks against the abuse of 
power and against all forms of dishonesty have proved effective. 
• The machinery of the law is simple and easily understood. It is 
at once rigid and flexible. ,It has stood the test of nearly twenty 
years' successful administration, without amendment in a line 
or letter, and has given satisfaction to the officers of the insti- 
tutions and of the state, and to the legislature. No judicial 
question has ever arisen for determination under it. And in its 
practical operation it has brought about a great reduction in 
the ex])enses of the institutions and in the appropriations re- 
quired for their maintenance, relatively to the ever increasing- 
number of unfortunates provided for. Since its passage, the ac- 
counts of the iHiblic charities of the state have been accurately 
kept, on a uniform system, so as to admit of comparisons and 
of a thorough audit; the records of expenditure have a con- 
stantly increasing value; and the financial system inaugurated 
in Illinois, after examination by the most expert accountants 
from abroad, has been so highly approved as to have become 
a model for imitation by other states, and tends to be universally 
adoi^ted.* Since the passage of the act, correct estimates of the 
amounts necessary to be appropriated hav^e become possible, and 
the General Assembly has not, in a single instance, been asked 
to make an appropriation to meet a deficiency, nor has a dol- 
lar of the moneys appropriated l)een lost or unaccounted for. 

It was undoubtedly the intention of the legislature to extend 
the jurisdiction of the State Commissioners of Public Charities 
to the state penitentiai-ies, as is evident from the language em- 
ployed in section 30: '•The same jurisdiction now exercised by 
said board over a portion of the state institutions is extended 
so as to apply to all penal institutions, all of which shall here- 
after be subject to visitation and investigation by said board." 
But the omission of any reference, in the title of the act, to the 
contents of this section, was held by the attorney general to 
render its provisions null and void. 

Attention should be called, in passing, to the provision in 
the section defining the object of the Soldieis' Orphans' Home, 
by which the scope of that institution was so enlarged as to 
allow of the admission, in addition to the children of soldiers 
who died m service or from wounds or disease therein con- 
tracted, of the children of all soldiers who have died since the 
civil war. This alteration in the law changed the character of 

—7 P. C. 



98 

tlu' lionu' and rciulciHd it luMinaiicnt, so \ouu: as an\' soldier 
.v«'t liviiifi' is (•a|)al)le of l»»'Coniiii«z; a father and Icavinji- a desti- 
tute orpiian child l)«'liind him at his d«'ath. 

The act also abolished the vicious system of pay patients and 
]»ay pupils, and made all of the state institutions free 1o all 
citizens of the state. The income from this source had bet'u so 
sli<;^ht as to be scarcely aj)])reciablt', and the system was not 
only difficult of ai>plicati()n to individuals, but its opei-ation was 
palpably unjust and inecpiitablc If any poi-tion of the income 
of a charitable institution is derivi^d from cliai-^(^s collected for 
l)oard. tuition, or treatment, then the whoU' of it should be so 
de!-ived. and the charges for i)auper patients, pupils, or inmates 
should be collected from the towns or counties from which they 
are admitted. 

Some other important chano'es in le<»-islation were made in 
187.">, one of which was the chanfi'e of the fiscal year, which had 
ended November .■»(), but was now made to end Sejitember 80. 
The fiscal year of the state charitable institutions was ap:ain 
changed in 188/, to close on the thirtieth day of June. 

The opening- of the south wing of the Northern Insane Hos- 
pital afforded a much needed opi)Oitunity to secui-e the passage 
of an act foi- the division of the state into dii^tricts for the in- 
sane. This act was anjended in 1881, after the opening of the 
E istern Hospital for the Insane, at Kankakee, and again in 
Id89, when the power to change the boundaries of these dis- 
tricts, as the capacity of the state hospitals for the insane in- 
creases, and to fix the quotas of the counties in accordance with 
the population, was confei'red u])on the Stat«> Commissioners of 
Public Charities. 

The Twenty-Ninth General As.sembly not only piovided for the 
comi)letion of the hospital at Anna, by the erection of the south 
wing, and authoi-ized the construction of a separate f ami h* build- 
ing i)y the ti-ustees of the State Keform School, but it enlai-ged 
the system of public charities by appropiiating one hundred and 
eighty-fiv(? thousand dollars for t lie ei'tntion of buildings to ac- 
commodate the Asylum of Feeble-.Minded riiildren. Very wisely 
it made a sufficient appi"oi)riation for the ])urchase of land iind 
for building and furnisliing in a single art. The commissioners 
to select a site wen; for the first time in the history of tne state 
inhibited from accepting bids for the location, and this prece- 
dent has sin<'e been followed without exception, to the great 
advantage of the institut ions and of the tax-payers. They pur- 
chased forty acres in the town of Lincoln, and the ti"Ust(M's let 
the t-ontract for building Octobei- 2S, 1875. It was completed 
in 187 <, and the pupils removed from Jacksonville. In that 
year, the site was enlai'ged by t li(> ])urchase of twenty acres 
more. .KiioiiiiMg the original site l»et\\(>cn it and the town. 

The act to regulate the state charitable institutions gav(^ to 
the Stat«> Commissioners of Public Charities jurisdiction ov(M' the 
State Kefoi-m School. Dr. J. D. ScoulhM- was then the suj^erin- 



99 

teudeut, having succeeded Mr. George W. Perkins in 18 1. We 
found the accounts of that institution in a very confused con- 
dition, and it was a task of some difficulty to dissect them and 
ascertain the balance then on hand of each separate fund. They 
have since been accurately and satisfactorily kept. The labor of 
the inmates had been leased, and they were employed in making 
shoes and brushes. Under an act passed in 1874, limiting the 
hours of work in the shops to six, the original contracts were 
dissolved, and a considerable sum claimed to be due from Messrs. 
Everett & Clement was then in litigation. A judgment was ob- 
tained for .f_L, 796.10, but an appeal was taken to the supreme 
court, which rev^ersed the Judgment and remanded the case for 
a new trial. Nothing was ever realized from this claim. New 
contracts were made in 1877 for the manufacture of shoes and 
for caning chairs, and the boys were employed under the contract 
system until the adoi)tion of the constitutional amendment pro- 
hibiting contract labor in the pilsons of Illinois. 

The year 1877 was another memorable year in the history- of 
our state charities, and was rendered so by the passage of the 
act making appropriations for land and for the construction of 
buildings for the Illinois Eastern Hospital for the Insane. This 
act requii-ed the plans for buildings to be approved by the State 
Commissioners of Public Charities, which gave us the long de- 
sired opportunity to effect a modification in the methods of 
caring for the insane previously sanctioned bv usage at home 
and abroad. At the same time an appropriation of seventy -five 
thousand dollars was granted fov the enlargement of the hos- 
pital at Jacksonville by extending both wings, so as to allow 
of caring for one hundred and fifty additional patients. The 
legislature also continued the work of enlarging the Institution 
for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. VVe have had from 
the beginning a fi'iendly sti-uggle with Dr. Gillett over the ques- 
tion of this enlargement, in which the victory has been his. 
Our general position has been one of antagonism to the over- 
growth of public institutions. These successive enlargements, in 
our opinion, are dictated by local pride and self-interest, and 
do not promote the welfare of the unfortunate inmates. They ap- 
pear to be economical, but involve increased expenditure in the 
long run, owing to the cost of the subsequent alterations which 
are necessary in order to bring all the parts of the establish- 
ment into harmony with each other. They remove the superin- 
tendents from close relations with the pupils or patients, neces- 
sitate the multiplication of subordinates and devolving upon 
them responsibilities which properly belong to the superintend- 
ents, and tend to reduce the life of an institution to one of 
routine, in which the rights and interests of individuals are apt 
to be overlooked. They also remove the inmates of institutions 
to a greater distance from their friends than seems to be ad- 
visable. And they make it much more difficult, in case of a 
change of superintendents at any time, to secure a competent 
successor. 



100 

\Vt' ;inti(iijat<^ tlio coni-so of cx^miLs. for the piii-poso of ]iiv- 
.s('iitiii<i- Ikmv ii suiiiinarv account of tlic •j.i'owtli of the Institu- 
tion for the IMucation of the Deaf and Duinh. whose al)le su- 
pei-intendcnl . after nearly forty years' continuous sei-vice in that 
relation, has made this the largest and probably tlie best in- 
stitution of its class in the world, and he is acknowledo:ed to 
stand at the very head of his piofcssion in the United States. 
After the rebuiidiu'*- of the soutii winjL»: began, it began witli the 
erection of a boiler-house, laundry, chapel, dining-room and 
sehoolhousp, of which mention has been made Then followed 
aj)])rojtriations. in 1877, foi- workshops and coal-house; in 
1879. for a laundi-y and for changing a barn into a cottage 
for boys; in 1881, for a new barn, a storehouse, a bakery, and 
a filter; in l888, for a kitchen and quarters for the employes; 
in 1885, for a daiiy barn and a gymnasium and amusement 
hall; in 1887. for a cottage for girls: in 1889. for the exten- 
sion and improvement of the grounds, and in 1891. for the 
purchase of a farm. With very few exceptions these changes 
have been well m;ide. if the policy of eidargement was advisa- 
ble, and the legislature decided it so to be. . 

We return now to the Eastern Hospital for the Insane. The 
House, in 1877, adopted a resolution directing its committee 
on state and charitable institutions to inquire into the need for 
further hospital accommodation for the insane of Illinois. Re- 
])lies received to a circular addressed to the county clerks put 
this necessity in so clear a light and showed the existence of a 
sentiment so favoi-able to immediate a<-tion for relief, that the 
legislature hesitated no longer. Seven commissioneis were ap- 
pointed to select a suitable site "in that portion of the stat-e 
east of the third principal meiidian and included between par- 
allels of latitude thirty-nine and forty-one and one-half." None 
of them were fi-om within the teri-itory thus described. From 
all the tracts ofiered they chose. August 2. 1877, the "Cowgill 
farm." on the Kaid<akee rivei", adjoining the town on the south, 
and lying east of the Illinois Central road. Ti'ustees were then 
appointed, who enqdoyed .Major James K. Willett. of Chicago, 
as architect .-ind superinlendent of construction. With the ad vice 
and assistance of Mr. Wines, the secretai-y of the Hoard of 
('haiities, Major Willett prepared ])lans which were accepted and 
adof)ted in Januai-y, 1878. It was uncertain whether the de- 
ta(;hed ward system would meet with favoi* from the ti-ust(»es 
and the legislature. For this i-eason tin* centre and rear build- 
ings, with the wiiiiis. were drawn after the old style: but the 
grounds we?-e laid out with i-efei-ence to the creation of a vil- 
lage foi- the insane, and Mi-. Wines' conce])tion has been since 
carried out. The ad aulhoi-ized tlu' coinuiissionei-s of the peni- 
tentiary at Joliet to bid for this work. The bids were oj)ened 
at Kankake(! .Vlai-ch 19. 187S, and the penitentiary commis- 
sioners jn-esented the lowest bid. which was acce]ited. They 
sub-let the entire contract, except the cut-stone work, which 
thev desired to secur-e for the convicts. 



101 

In Aug:iist, 1378, the International Prison Congress convened 
at Stockholm, in Sweden. The oovernor of Illinois was author- 
ized, by a joint resolution of the (ieneral Assembly, to appoint 
a special commissioner from this state to attend it. Governor 
Cullora appointed Mr. Wines. One of the ends sought in this ap- 
pointment was to enable him to make such studies of European 
hospitals and asylums for ihe insane as would be of service in 
planning the n nv hospital at Kankakee. His report was printed 
as Appendix IV to our Fifth Biennial Report, submitted in 
November, li578. 

A controversy over the "propositions'' of the Association o 
Medical Superintendents of Institutions for the Insane in the 
United States and Canada, which were adopted in 1851, had been 
in progress for many years. It was a])|)arent to many of the 
friends of the insane that those propositions, admirably adapted 
as they were to the small, curative hospitals to which they were 
meant to appl3', had proved a cast-iron fetter upon any real ad- 
vance in hospital construction, and that the country had out- 
grown them. But they were regarded w-ith a reverence which 
almost savoi'ed of superstition, and dissent from them in any 
particular was regarded in the specialty as heiesy. It required 
no small amount of courage to brave the hostility of the entire 
profession, and to risk reputation in the effort to demonstrate 
the feasibility of an experiment the failure of which was loudly 
proclaimed in advance, especially because there was no actual 
pi-ecedent to serve as a guide in the new departure. But Mr. 
Wines" observations at Gheel in Belgium, at Clermont in France, 
at Cheadle in England, and at Cupar-Fife and Lenzie in Scot- 
land," gave him the courage demanded, and the General Assem- 
bly, in 1879, on our recommendation, made an experimental 
appropriation of thirty thousand dollars for the construction 
and completion of detached wards to accommodate not less than 
eighty patients. Tiiirty-eight thousand dollars more for de- 
tached wards were appropriated in 1881, and four hundred thou- 
sand more in 1883, as the legislature saw the utility of the new 
method and acquired confidence in it. This undertaking marks 
an epoch in the history of the care and treatment of the insane 
thi'oughout the world. Its success shattered the too exclusive 
adhesion to Dr. Kirkbride's "propositions," and opened the way 
for other experiments in architectural construction in many of 
the states, in nearly all of which the Kankakee model has been 
moie or less closely followed. It has had also a great indirect 
influence in the way of diminishins; mechanical restraint, pro- 
moting the freedom of patients, and increasing the amount of 
useful occupation in hospitals constructed on the Kirkbride plan, 
much of which is due to the patience, intelligence, humanity, and 
conseci'ation of Dr. Richard S. Dewey, the excellent medical super- 
intendent of the Kankakee hospital. Full discussions of this 
new system will be found in our sixth, seventh and eighth bien- 
nial reports, to which the reader is referred. 

* He did not know of the existence of Alt-Scherbitz, but had not the time and means to 
<visitit, if he had known. 



102 

In 187H, by ordtM- of the governor, an iiivcsti^iation was made 
bv us of the clothinjz: acc-ouiits of the institutions, concei-niii^ 
which some comphiint had been made to him. The quality of 
the elothinp; furnished was found to be «!;ootl and the prices 
charft-ed reasonable. 

In the same year the hospital at Elgin <ame into pos.session 
of the ''Burr be(|uest." Mr. -Jonathan Hui-r. a eitiztMi of Chicafro, 
died in 1809, and bequeathed certain real estate in that city to- 
a ti'ustee, to hold, manage, and improve the same, and to in- 
vest and hold the annual income "until such time as an insane 
asylum shall be oroanized, located and established in the 
northern part of the state of Illinois, under, and by viitue of. 
some state oi* municipal authority, or some charter, which shall 
give to the institution a character of permanence and stability;" 
and to convey the premises, with the accumulated income, "to 
the authority or eorpoi-ation managino- and controlling said 
asylum, but in trust, however, to hold, nmnage, improve and 
invest the same, and the net annual income thereof to use and 
expend in and towards keeping and maintaining such asylum 
in a condition to relieve those who are so unfortunate as to 
need its treatment and care." In ISliU and iHTO, Cook county 
erected an insane asylum, (in connection with her county alms- 
house, and upon the same ground), and. in June, 1873. com- 
menced suit in the cii-cuit coui't of Cook county, to obtain pos- 
se.ssion of this bequest. In May. 1877, Judge P^arwell rendered 
a decree in favor of the county; but in June, 1878. the supreme 
court of this state reversed the decree, and the property came 
into possession of the hospital at Elgin. The estimated value 
was thirty or thirty-five thousand dollais. 

In 1878 a change of ti-ustees at Anim, ami the i-esulting 
change in rhe treasurer of the Southern Hospital for the Insane, 
developed the fact that the former treasurer was short in his 
accounts by a little more than twenty-five hundred dollars. 
This is the only defalcation, by any institution treasurer, in the 
history of this state, and the state lost .nothing by it. 
inasmuch as the money was recovered by a suit brou<i,ht against 
his bondsmen for th<» amount. 

In 1879 the National Conference of Charities and Correction 
met in Chicago, and was presided over by Mi-. Geoi-ge S. Robin- 
son, president of this boaid. The history of the or-igin of that 
conference was <i"iven in full by Mr. .\ndrew I]. IClmore. in the 
president's address mad<' b\' him at Madison. Wisconsin, in 
1882. He said: 

In FeViruary, 1872, the state coininissioncr.'^ of inililic cliarit ics of Illinois 
came to Ma(li>-;on. and. ac('oiii|)aMie(l l»y the stale lioanl of eliarifies and 
refnriii of Wisconsin, visited tiie Wis'-onsin [state cliarifatile institutions]. 
Dnrinj; tliat trip it was lall<e(l K<'ii(Mal]y that it \n(MiI(1 lie a fi<i d lliinjr 
for the hoards of the states of ^Ii(•hi^Mn. Illinois. Missouri and Wi.seonsin 
to meet toj,u>ther, Ijet'onic better ae(|uainted with each other, exchange 
views on snhjects in which ail were interested, and try and obtain such 
information as would the better enable them to do their work in a proper 



103 

maoner: and it was agreed that the secretary of the Illinois state board 
should, when it was deemed a suital>le time, notify each member of each of 
said state boards to meet and confer together at Chicago. Such meeting 
was called to be held at the Sherman House on the Uth of May, 1872. 
and was represented by two delegates from Michigan, four from Illinois, 
and tive from Wisconsin. The conference was in session two days. * * 
This was the beginning of the national conference of charities, it had its 
conception here in Wisconsin. * * The next conference of charities 
was held on April b"), 1873, at the Plankinton House, Milwaukee, in re- 
sponse to an invitation of the state board of charities of Wisconsin. Illi- 
nois was represented by three delegates, Michigan by two. and Wisconsin 
by six, and the session lasted that and the following day. * * These 
conferences had attracted so much attention that the [American] Social 
Science Association, in its call for a meeting to be held in New York on 
the evening of May 19, 1874, invited the state boards of charities in the 
several states to send delegates and hold a conference in connection there- 
with. * * This meeting is known as the Fii'st National Conference 
of Charities. * * The tifth annual meeting of the national confer- 
ence was held at (Mncinnati, May 21-23, 1878. This conference was again 
called in connection with the Social Science Association, and was the last 
held in connection with any other organization, * * The sixth 
conference was held in Chicago, June 10-12, 1879. * * It had been 
predicted that owing to the cutting loose from the Social Science Associa- 
tion the meeting would be small in number: but on the contrary, it sur- 
passed in that respect the most sanguine hopes of its friends. 

With this meetino- in Chicng-o the great work accomplished by 
the National Conference may ahiiost be said to hav^e beguu. 
Conferences have since been held in Cleveland, in 1880; in Bos- 
ton, in 1881; in Madison, in 1882: in Louisville, in 1883, 
(^vhere Mr. Wines presided); in St. Louis, in 1884; in Washing- 
ton, in 1885; in St. Paul, in 188^; in Omaha, in 1887: in 
Buffalo, in 1888: in San Francisco, in 1889: in Baltimore, in 
1S90; in Indianapolis, in 1391, and in Denver, in 1892. 

The attendance and interest have steadily grown ; the papers 
and discussions become more valuable, fi-om year to year; and 
the volumes of publislied reports form an important contribu- 
tion to the literature of the subject. The conference will meet 
next year in Chicago, under the presidency of Mr. Hastings H. 
Hart, of Minnesota, and dui-ing the week following there Avill 
be an International Congress of Charities, Correction and Phi- 
lanthropy, in seven sections, of which Gen. Rutherford B. Hayes 
will be president, and Mr. Wines the first vice-president. 

In 1879. the General Assembly passed an act in aid of indus- 
trial schools for girls. It also mad-- an appropriaticm of fifteen 
thousand dollars, payable to the board of education of the 
city of Chicago, for the purpose of maintaining a day school 
for deaf mutes, under the charge of Mr. P. A. Emery as princi- 
pal. 

In our report submitted in January. 1880, we printed an ap- 
pendix containing forms and suggestions for keeping the ac- 
counts of the public institutions of this state, which have since 
been in part adopted l)y many public and private institutions 
elsewhere. 



104 

TIk' uiiilli \viii<i- of the Southern Hos[)ital for tin' Insane, at 
Anna, took fire, from some undisc.'overed cause, on the moiriin*!; 
of the 19th of Api-il. 1881, about one o'clock, and was completely 
destroyed, except a portion of the walls. C)ue patient perished 
in the tiames: all the rest were rescued. The (ieneral .Vs.sembly 
was in session at the time, and it was determine<l not to send 
th<* |)atients to their homes, but to ])iovide temi>orary barracks 
for their accommodation, and to proceed as ra])idly as j)ossil)le 
with the rebuildini;- of tin' burned wiuii'. This work was d(jne 
by the institution itself, under the direction of Mr. L. 1). Cleave- 
land, an architect of Chicago, and the new wino- was a great 
improvement on the old one. The barracks served such a useful 
purpo.se and proved to be so well adapted for the care of patients 
of a certain class, that they have been kept in repair and are still 
occupied. 

In 1882, the legislature made a liberal appi-oprialion for 
changes in the heating apparatus at Elgin, which liad cost an 
immense sum and was ver\' unsatisfactory as well as expensive 
in its pi-actical working. It also provided for an exteii.sion of 
the Central Hospital for the Insane, at Jacksonville, in the form 
of a detached building to accommodate one hundred and fifty 
patients; and for an addition to the north wing at Anna. It 
gave to the other institutions various new buildings, ami to 
the State Reform School, in |)articular, nine thousand dollars 
for alterations in tli" west wing, and thirty thousand dollars 
for a new family building. This building is in the form of a 
<jreek cross; it accommodates sixty pupils, and has a separate 
kitchen and dining-room, play-room, and dormitories. 

The work of changing the method of lighting our state insti- 
tutions began in the Institution for the Education of the Deaf 
and Dumb, in 1883. The majority of thest> institutions are now 
provided with the electric light, and all of them should be. 

In 1888, Mr. George S. Davenport, superintendent of the 
Charitable Eye and Ear Infirnmry, i-esigned his ])osition on ac- 
<-ount of ill-health, and was suc(;e(Mle(l by Mr. lOdgar C. Lawton. 
Di-. ('Iiai-les T. Wilbur also resigned the superinteiidemy of the 
.Xsviuin for Eeeble- .Minded Cliildreii and was succeeded bv \)v. 
William D. Eish. 

In 188'-^, Mr. (Jeorge L. Harrison, of riiilade]|)liia. published 
and disti-ibut(Hl, at his own cost, a collection of all the lunacy 
laws of the states and teri-itories of the United States, to the 
year LSS.*^. inclusive; also the laws of lOngland on insanity, legis- 
lation in (\inada on private* honses. and important portions of 
the lunacy laws of (Jermany, l-'i'ance, etc. This book, winch is 
entitled "Legislation (ju Insanity," was thoroughly digesti'd by 
Mr. Wines, and the i-esult of his studies is given in t^ha])ter IV 
of oui- eighth biennial i-eport, "Tin* Law of ('(juimitmcMit of 
Lunatics," su|)plemenle(l by Chapter I\' of our ninth biennial 
j-eport, "The Revision of the Lunacy Laws." On these studies 
the ])roiect of a law submitted in the present report is based. 



105 

Our eighth report contains a good summar_v account of the 
education of the deaf and dumb, and a chapter on female law- 
breakers. 

Our ninth report contains an important contribution to the 
question of the duty of the state to its dependent, neglected 
children, who are without homes, or where homes are unsuitable 
to their proper care. 

The Thirty-Third General Assembly, in 1883, passed an act 
in aid of industrial schools for boys. 

V The Thirty-Fourth General Assemblx', in 1885. created the 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, at Quincy. At our suggestion and 
insistence, the federal government has assumed one half the cost 
of maintenance of this institution and of all similar institutions 
in the United States. But in our judgment the entire cost should 
be borne by it, and no demand made upon the state treasuries 
for this purpose. The Thirty-Foui th Assembly also continued 
the woj'k of building up the hospital at Kankakee, bought a 
farn^. for the hospital at Jacksonville, gave to the Asylum for 
Feeble-Minded Children a hospital for sick children, and did many 
other excellent things, chief of which was the provision of a new 
kitchen, bakery, dining-room, and chapel for the State Reform 

School, which gieatly relieved the overcrowded condition of that 
institution, and started it on an upward career. 

We have made brief mention of the acts in aid of industrial 
schools for girls and for boys, which were both amended in 
1885 so as to extend the benefits of these institutions to a 
larger number of dependent children. The Illinois Industrial 
School for Girls, at South Evanston, was incorporated as a pri- 
vate institution in the year 18^(), under the general incorpora- 
tion act. The difficulty of sustaining it by private subscriptions 
led to the passage of the original act of 1879, which authorized 
countv courts to commit dependent girls to any industrial 
school for girls properly incorjiorated and having obtained the 
consent of the governor to such recognition in law. The con- 
sent of the governor was at once given to the school at Evans- 
ton. 

In 188-i, St. Mary's Training School at Feehanville, under the 
care of the Christian Brothers, was also incorpoi'ated under the 
general act, and, under the special act of that year relating 
to Industrial schools for boys, it received similar consent. 
The Chicago industrial School for Girls, a Roman Catholic in- 
stitution, was incorporated with the governor's consent, Novem- 
ber 24, 1885. The Illinois Industrial Training School for Boys 
was incorporated, also with the governor's consent, February 
8, 1887 ; the original location was at Norwood Park, but has 
been changed to Glenwood. All of these institutions are subject 
to the visitation and inspection of the state commissioners of 
public charities, but our knowledge of them is slight. The countv 
of Cook has. we believe, contracts with all of them for the 
maintenance of a limited number of children. In June, 1887, 



106 

the (_'liicaii() Iinliistrial School tor (jiils l»roiiy;lit an action in 
asHunj|).sit in the ciicuit court of Cook county for tlie sum of 
^ll),r)(Sy, which it claimed to he dn«' the institution for clothin«>;. 
tuition, maintenance^ and care of children committed to that in- 
stitution by the county court. The county commissioners had 
declined to pay this bill on Ihe <»r()und that the stale constitu- 
tion forbids state or munici|)al aid to '"any institution controlled 
by any chui-ch or sectarian denomination." The circuit court 
r«>ndered a judgment in favor of the school, from which the 
ci^unty took an appeal to the supreme court, which was sus- 
tained aud the judgment reversed. Apart from all the reli<^ious 
or constitutional aspects of this disj)ute the supreme court un- 
doubtedly went to the heart of the subject in the declaration 
that these industrial schools, Catholic and Protestant alike, 
'"are performiufi', as substitutes for the state, a duty which the 
state itself is bound to perfoi-m," but which in fact it persist- 
ently neo'lects. One of the points urged in the brief of the <()unty 
attorney was that the Chicago Industrial School for Girls was 
a pauper organization, destitute of attributes or facilities for 
doing the work which it engaged to do, but which was in fact 
performed by the House of the Good Shepherd and Saint Jo- 
seph's Orphan Asylum. There being a question as to the legal 
power of this corporation to acipiii-e and hold real property, 
twenty-four lots fronting on Indiana avenue, south of Forty- 
ninth street, were pui'chased in the sjjiing of 1S8!>. in the name 
of the House of the (Jood Sheplieid, and leased to the Chicago 
Industrial School for Girls. On this site a building was erected 
with a capacity foi- two hundred inmates, and the Sistei's of the 
Good Shepherd have been ])laced in charge of them, vlt is sus- 
tained in part as are the other three industrial schools named, 
by payments from the county of Cook. 

The Thirty-Fourth (Jeneral Assembly passed an act to incor- 
porate the Illinois Industrial Home for the Blind, which failed 
to receive tlie a])proval of the governoi% and became a law 
without his signature; but the govej-nor failed to appoint trus- 
tees under the act, and the ap])ropriation lapsed. Our views 
with i-ciiaj-d to it avo fullv and dearlv set forth in our rej)OT-t 
submitted in 1888. 

In 1887, (ienci-al Charles 10. Lij)pincott. superintendent of the 
Soldiers' and Sailors" Home, diiHl, after a ling(M-ing illness. Rev. 
Dr. F. W. IMdllips. superintendent of the Institution for the 
Education of the Blind, died latei- in the yeai'. Majoi- .1. (t. 
Ilowland, one of the trustees of the Home, was elected to suc- 
ceed (Jeneral Li|»pincott. and .Mi\ William S. lMiilli])s, for one 
y<>ai' ordy, to succeed his lathei-. Mi-. I'l-ain-c II. Hall followed 
Mr. IMnllii)s, in .June. 1870, and is still in charge. I)i-. H^irace 
Wardncr. snpei-intendent oi the Southern Hospital for the in- 
sane, resiii^ncd in October, 1870, his i-esignation to take effect 
in January, 1S80, and was suci*eeded by Dr. ICdwin ii. POlrod. 
Dr. lOdwin A. Kilbourne, superintendent of the Northern Hospital 
for the Insane, died. IVbruaiy 27, 1S90, and was succeeded by 



107 

Dr. Henry J. Brooks. The jurisdiction of this board over the 
State Reform School ceased in 1891, when the institution was 
reorganized, and the former superintendent. Dr. J. D. Scouller, 
failed of a re-election, and was succeeded by Mr. B. F. Sheets. 

An appropriation was made by the General Assembly, in 1889, 
of fifty thousand dollars, for the erection of an asylum for in- 
sane criminals upon the grounds of the Southern Penitentiary^ 
at Chester. The sum appropriated was inadequate to secure a 
good result, and we have this year recommended the abandon- 
ment of the enterprise and the conversion of the present build- 
ing into a prison for women. Dr. William T. Patterson was 
elected superintendent, and entered on the discharge of his duties- 
in October, 1891. 



108 



CHAPTER IV. 



€HIMI-: AND MISFORTUNE, IN THF ELEVENTH CENSUS. 

The Census Office has made pubHc a portion of the results of 
the inquiry in 1890 as to the numbei' of insane, idiots, deaf, 
blind, paupers and prisoners, and by the courtesy of the Super- 
intendent of Census we are permitted to print the followino- 
figures for the information of the General Assembly. 

Tables A to F show tlie number of each class reported, in 
each of the census years, lOi^O, J 880, 1870, ISiiO and 1850, in 
each state and territory: also the ratios to one million of the 
total population at each of the dates named. 

Table G shows the distiibution of the insane, the idiots, the 
deaf and dumb, and the blind, in Illinois, by counties. 

The following general statement exhibits the result, in the ag- 
gregate, for the whole country: 



Actual Numbers. 



Classes. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


185«. 


All cliissos 


448.893 


876,472 


208.122 


170.479 


108,084 




Insane 


loi;,2.-.4 

95,571 
41,283 
50.411 
73,045 
82,329 


91,959 
7fi,8!>5 
33.878 
48.928 
66,203 
58,609 


37.432 
21.527 
16.205 
20..S20 
76,737 
82,901 


24,042 
18.9311 
12.821 
12.658 
82,942 
19.086 


15 r.io 


Idiots 


15 ~S7 


Deat and dumb 


9 803 


lilind 


9 794 


Paupers 


50 353 


Prisoners 


6 737 







The aggregate burden appears to be four times as great as it 
was forty years ago. The realization of this fact, and the in- 
creased sense of public responsibility thereby awakened, have 
led to much gi-eater efforts to r(^li(n'e the sulitering wliicli these 
figures dimly shadow foitli. 

There has, however, been such an increase in the total })opu- 
hition, from 28.11)1.070 in l.Sno to (.;2.(;^2,250 in 18tK). that 
foi' ])urp<)ses of c()nij)arisoii the actual numbers of each class 



109 

must be reduced to ratios or percentages, which has been done^ 
with the following general result. The numbers here given are 
the numbers in each million of the general population: 

Ratios. 



Classes. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860 


1850. ' 


All classes 


1,697 


1,833 


971 


765 


67$ 






Insane 


1,697 
1,526 
659 
805 
1,166 
1,315 


1,833 
1,533 
675 
976 
1,320 
1,169 


971 
636 
420 
527 
1,990 
853 


765 
602 
408 
403 
2,638 
607 


673 


Idiots 


881 
423 




Blind 


422 


Paupers 


2,171 
290 


Prisoners 







xiccording to the foregoing statement, there has been a sur- 
prising relative increase in the number of insane, idiots, deaf 
and dumb, and blind, during the past twenty years. But this 
apparent increase is not real. It is due to the improved meth- 
ods of enumeration of these special classes introduced, in the 
canvas of 1880, by Mr. Wines, with whom they originated, and 
they have been substantially followed b3^ Dr. John S. Billings, in 
18^0. The same remark applies to the enumeration of the pau- 
pers and prisoners; the relative number of paupers appears to 
have rapidly declined, and that of prisoners to have increased. 
But the figures are very misleading and have given rise to many 
erroneous inferences. 

With regard to the so-called "defective" classes, it should be 
known that Mr. AVines, in 1880, supplemented the enumerators' 
returns by correspondence with yjhysicians, who added many 
names to the lists. This correspondence was not renewed in 
1890, which accounts, at least in a large degree, for the seem- 
ing slight falling off in the ratios in 1890, especially of the in- 
sane. It must further be said that Dr. Billings, for the first time 
in the history of the census, has atteni])ted to enumerate all the 
deaf, including those deaf in one ear, or merely hard of hearing, 
and not included in the special class technically described as 
"deaf-mutes" or the "deaf and dumb." He has also attempted 
to enumerate all the blind, including those blind in one eye, but 
able to see with the other. In the tables here given, the blind 
in one eye, and the deaf only, who are not deaf-mutes, are not 
included. But evidently the change in the method of enumera- 
tion mav account for a part of the difference in ratio is between 
the census of 1880 and that of 1890. 

The census of paupers in 1B80 and 1890 was confined to pau- 
pers in almshouses, and the figures showing the number of "out- 
door" paupei's returned are not included in the tables. Prior to 
1880, it is obvious from inspection that the distinction was not 
made, and that the figures for previous years are based on no 
exact definition of the word "pauper." Hence they are practi- 
cally of no value whatever. 



110 

Npither the ])aiipers nortlie ]>!-isoiiers were counted. before 1880, 
on any projiei- system, aliuslHjiise by abnshouse, and j)rison l)y 
pris<jn. It is well known that the fi^iures are a t;uess, and a very 
bad fiuess at that. The tio^iires of 1 KHO and 189U art' worthy of 
confidence. 

In Table G, the number of deaf-imites in 1880 in each county 
is not <!:l\'eu, because it was not published in the Tentli Census. 
The increase or decrease in the number c^f insane in each county 
is not o:iven, because the failure, on the part of the census offi- 
cials to distribute 49G patients at Kankakee and 94 at Jack- 
sonville to the counties in which they reside vitiates tlie result 
and renders comparisons impossible. 



Ill 



Table \.— The Insane of the United States, 1850-1890. by 
Geofrraphical Divisions and by States and lerritories, Show- 
ing the Appai'r'nt Increase in the Number of the Insane during 
thf past iorty years, also the liatio of Insane to 1,000,000 
of Population at each Census. 



States and Territories. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


The United States 


100,254 


91.959 


37.432 


24,042 


15,610 


j 1.697 


1.83:^ 


971 


765 


673 


^orth Atlantic division 


41,507 


35,911 


16,973 


12,293 


8.680 


2.385 


2.475 


1,380 


1,160 


1,006 


Maine 


1.299 
960 
823 

6.103 
792 

2,056 
17,831 

3.163 

8,480 

11,707 


1.542 
1,056 
1.015 
5. 127 
684 
1.723 
14.055 
2,405 
8,304 

11.476 


792 
548 
721 

2,662 
312 
772 

6,353 
918 

3,895 

4,551 


704 
506 
693 

2,105 
288 
331 

4,317 
589 

2,760 

3,496 


561 
378 
560 

1,680 
217 
470 

2,521 
379 

1,914 

2.701 


1.965 

2.550 
2.476 
2.726 
2.292 
2.755 
2,973 
2.189 
1 1,613 

1.322 


2,376 
1,056 
1,015 
2,873 
2,473 
2,767 
2,765 
2,126 
1,939 

1.511 


1.263 
548 
721 
1.827 
1,435 
1,436 
1,449 
1,013 
1,106 

777 


1,121 
506 
693 

1,710 

1,649 
719 

1,112 
876 
950 

652 


962 




378 


Vermont 


560 


Massachusetts 


1 689 


Rhode Island 


1 470 


Connecticut 


1 267 


New Yorlv 


814 


New Jersey 


774 


Pennsylvania 


828 


South Atlantic division 


577 


Delaware 


197 
1,646 
1,576 
2,406 
1,079 
1,725 

912 
1,815 

351 

36.&34 


. 198 
1,857 

938 
2,411 

982 
2.028 
1,112 
1,697 

253 

29.811 


65 
733 
479 
1,125 
374 
779 
.333 
634 

29 

10,672 


60 
560 
2.14 

[ll79 

660 
317 


68 

546 

23 

970 

510 

9i9 


1.169 

1.579 

6.841 

1,453 

1.415 

1,066 

1 792 

1 988 

897 

1.647 


1,350 
1,9x7 
5,281 

[l594 

1,588 

1,117 

1,100 

938 

1,717 


519 

939 

3,637 

918 

846 

. 472 

,5H5 

154 

822 


535 

815 

2,717 

739 

665 
45(i 
46 ^ 
178 

611 


743 


Marvland 


937 


District o t Columbia 

Virginia 


445 


West Virginia 


682 


North Carolina 


586 


South Carolina 


373 


Georgia 


491 3:24 


358 


Florida 


25 
5,555 


11 

2,610 


126 


North Central division 


483 


Ohio 


7,599 

3,290 

6,638 

3.723 

3.510 

2,204 

3,197 

3.417 

221 

310 

932 

1.793 

10.520 


7.386 
3,448 
5,134 
2,796 
2,526 
1.14a 
2,544 
3.310 

( ^ 

450 
1,000 

11,211 


3,414 

1,504 

1,625 

814 

846 

302 

742 

1,263 

3 

28 
131 

3,852 


2,293 
1,035 
683 
250 
283 
25 
201 
770 


1,317 

653 
238 
133 

54 
1 

42 
262 


i 2,069 

1 1,501 

1,735 

1,778 

2.081 

1,693 

I 1,672 

1.275 

1.210 

943 

880 

1,256 

959 


2,278 
1.793 
1,667 
1,708 
5,920 
1,466 
1,566 
1,526 

[ 532 

995 
1,064 

1,2"^7 


1,281 
895 
640 
687 
802 
687 
621 
734 

212 

228 
359 

599 


980 
766 
399 
334 
365 
145 
298 
651 


665 


Indiana 


570 


Illinois 


280 


Michigan 


334 


Wisconsin 


177 


Minnesota 


165 


Iowa 


219 


Missouri 


384 


North Dakota 








Nebraska 


5 
10 

2,173 


1,596 


173 
93 

377 




Kansas 




South Central division 


371 






Kentucky 


2,729 
1,845 
1,469 
1,103 

910 

1.668 

7 

789 

5,686 


2.784 
2,404 
1,521 
1,147 
1,002 
1,564 


1,245 
925 
555 
245 
451 
270 


623 
640 
257 
272 
169 
125 


527 
407 
233 
129 
200 
37 


1,468 

1,044 

! 971 

855 

814 

; 746 

113 

699 

1,878 


1,689 
1..X59 
1,205 
1,014 
1 , OtiO 
983 


942 
735 
556 
296 
620 
330 


539 
577 
267 
344 
239 
207 


536 


Tennessee 


406 


Alabama 


302 


Mississippi 

Louisiana 


213 
386 


Texas 


174 


Oklahoma 




Arkansas 


789 
3.550 


161 
1,384 


87 
517 


63 
23 


983 
2,008 


332 
1,397 


206 
835 


300 


Western division ft 


129 


Montana 


187 

38 

326 

66 

59 

165 

175 

82 

376 

618 

3,594 


59 
4 

99 
153 

21 
151 

31 

16 

135 

378 

2,503 


2 






1,415 

626 

791 

430 

990 

794 

3,824 

972 

1,076 

1.97M 

2.975 


1,506 

192 

509 

1,279 

519 

1.049 

407 

490 

1,797 

2,163 

2,895 

1 


97 






Wyoming 










C< Jorado 


12 

50 

1 

25 

2 

1 

23 

122 

1,146 






301 

544 

104 

288 

47 

67 

960 

1,342 

2,045 


"299 




New Mexico 


28 


11 


179 


Arizona 




Utah 


15 


5 


372 


439 


Nevada 




Idaho 










Washington 


3 

15 
456 


"■ "5 
2 


259 

438 

1,200 




Oregon 


376 


California 


22 







112 



Tamlk W.— TIic ffJints of llic Uiiit(ul Stnt(-s, lS.10.1Sf)0, hv 
Geo^rujihU-nl Divisions ;ii,tJ hy Stntes and THiritories, Sliow- 
iii^ tlw Appnrent luri-rnst^ in tlw Nurnhfr of Idiots durinjt( 
tlw juist toHy ,ye;irs, ;)Iso the Uatio of Idiots to 1. 000.000 
of Pof mint ion at Each ( ensus. 



States and Teuritohies. 


Number of Idiots 'i ^^'^J? "^^ l.oOii.oOd of 

..^UAIBEK OF IDIOTS. , POPULATION. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850, 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


The United States 


95.571 


76.895 


24.527 


1 
18.930 15.787 


; 
1,526, 1.5:S 


636 


602 


881 


North At'antir divisiou 


23.617 


19,550 


7.592 


6.759 


5,970 


1 
1,472] 1,318 


617 


633 


692 








l,5!"2 l.;iJ5 628 
779 703, 325 


55;t 
3.S6 


577 


2.407 '2(142 


1,002 
1.021 
9^3 
531 
566 
634 
567 
481 
tW 

760 


1.049 

i.o:io 

835 
57S 
.578 
580 
59»; 
543 
6J4 

718 


989 


New Hampshire 


:«1 2.069 2,026 
2'.>'.) 2.710 -2 417 


1.104 


Vermont. 


•Jdll HO.'i .^'25 2ra 


952 


Ma-saehusetts 

Khod.- Island 

ComiCfticut 

N.;\v York 

New Jersey 

Peunsvlvania 

South Atlantic division 


2,'.t2;f 

488 

1.208 

7.3.« 

8.753 

14.643 


2.031 
231 
817 
6,084 
1.056 
6,497 

13,388 


778 
12:5 
:54l 

2.486 
4:« 

2,250 

4.450 


712 

101 

2o7 
2.:il4 

365 
1,842 

3.853 


791, 
114 
287 

1.66.5 
419 

1,467 

3.520 


I . :108 
1.112 
1,619 
1,22:5 
1,129 
1.665 

1,653 

I.306 


1.1:59 
816 

1.312 

1.197 
934 

1.517 

1,762 


795 
773 
774 
538 
856 
635 

752 


Delaware 


220 
1,549 

261 
3.01)0 


26;^ 
1,319 

107 
2.794 


69 

362 

50 

1,130 


67 1 92 

305 391 

271 13 


1 J«r, 


552 
464 
380 
922 
966 
911 
659 
736 
533 

59:! 


597 
444 
360 

( 801 

987 
573 
»i85 
481 

521 


1 <>05 


Maryland 

District of Columbia 

Virginia 


l,4.Si;: 1.411 
1,1:5:; 602 
1.^66 1,847 
1.875 2.210 
2.22:5 2.245 
1.568 1..595 
1 1.192 1..578 
■ 1,277 1.369 


671 

2r.2 


We^t Virginia 


1 4:5(1 1 :5t>7 


427 M^'^i l-"«i 


831 


North Carolina 

South (^arolina 

Georgia 


:5.5!I7 

1.805 

2. 191 

500 

36.541 


3.142 

1.588 

2.433 

369 

27,256 


97ti 
465 
871 
100 

7.698 


9801 794 
403] 3)8 
72 J ! 6'i4 

68; :^6 

4,737 3 307 


914 
521 
783 


Florida 


412 


North Central division 


1.634 


1,570 


629 






1.361 




Ohio 

Indiana 


8,035 
5.568 


6. 460 
4.725 
4,170 
2, 181 
1.785 
729 
2.314 
3.372 

[ 80 

356 
J. 083 

15.551 


2.338 
1.360 
1.244 
613 
560 
131 
633 
779 

3 
25 
109 

4.464 


1,78S 
907 


! 2,188 

1!.5H> 


2.020 
•2 :-t88 


877 
809 
4<.H) 
518 
531 
305 
446 
463 

212 

203 
299 

694 


764 
6?2 
318 
445 

:«i 

180 
428 
442 

207 

104 
159 

586 


687 
949 


Illinois 


5,2)9 
:}.218 
2,402 
1.451 
3.319 


588 1563 1 1,:372' 1,:555 
3:5:5 i89i 1,5:57! 1,:5:52 
\>r)7' 94 1 i2j 1 :v,7 


426 


Miihigaii 


475 




308 




31] 1 
289 94 


1.115 934 
1,7:56 1,421 
1,449 1,555 

SI «'^ 

906 787 


166 


Iowa 


489 




:}.881 


523 

1 

3 
17 

3,379 


357 
2.814 


523 


, North Dakota 


1:55 

2S.-. 

956 

2,039 

16,719 




South Dakota 




Nebraska 




Kansas 

South Central divisiou 


1,429 

1,5;^:; 


1,037 
1.744 


661 


Kentucky 


3 6:55 


3.51:5 
3.5;i5 
2.223 
1.579 
1.053 
2.276 


1.141 
1.091 
721 
485 
286 
451 


1,058] 907 
88 1! 846 
5:57, 476 
279 1 222 


1.9,36 
2.031 

1 i.nr. 

! 1 :56-> 


2.131 
2,2.11 
1.761 
1,;595 
1,120 
1.430 
r 


864 
867 
72:5 
586 
:593 
551 


91t; 
794 

5.'>7 

:55:5 

319 
33:5 


923 


Tennessee 


3,500 


844 


Alabanui 


2.187 
1,750 
1.173 
2,763 
:54 


617 


Mississippi 


366 


Louisiana 


2^171 174 ' <"'.i 


336 


Texas 


201: 101 


l,2:it 

550 

1,481 

648 


489 


Oklahoma 










1.671 


l.:574 
1.151 


289 
223 


176 
102 


115 
56 


1.712 
651 


597 
225 


404 
166 


548 


Wester n tli vision 


313 








Montana 


52 

11 

192 

127 

13 

18.5 

22 

55 

140 

283 

880 


15 


77 
122 
11 
148 
18 
23 
47 
181 
507 


1 






393 
231 
46(; 
827 
21X 
880 
4SI 
652 
401 
902 
728 


383 
96 

:596 
1,020 

272 
1.028 

289 

705 

(i26 
1.036 

686 


49 






Wyoming 










Coloiadd 


3 
46 






75 
501 






New M'xico 


40 


44 


428 


715 


Arizona 




Utah 


:.-3 
2 

I 


65 
87 


5 


1 


265 
47 
67 
209 
605 
155 


124 


88 


Nevada 




Idnho 










Washington 




""}h 

42 


• 
7 






Oregon 


286 
III 


301 


California 


76 







113 



Table Q.—The Denf nnrl Duuih oi Ihe United States ISW-hSVO, 
by Geographical Divisions and by States and Territories, 
showing the apparent increase in the number oi Deaf and 
Dumb during the past forty years, aJso the Ratio ot Deaf 
and Dumb to 1,000. 000 ot Population for Each Census. 



States and Tekritories. 


Number OS 


Deaf AND Dumb. 


Ratio to 1,000.0 of Popu- 
lation. 


1890. 


1880. 


187(1. 


1860. 


1850. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


The United States 


41.283 


33,878 


16,205 


12,821 


9,803 


659 


675 


420 


408 


423 


North Atlantic division 


11.U63 


9.949 


5,141 


4.6^0 


4.000 


670 


686 


418 


437 


464 






Maine 


C29 
325 
248 

1,589 
163 
504 

4,030 
781 

3.394 

5,613 


4.55 
2JI 
212 
978 
150 
565 

3,762 
527 

3,0/9 

4,975 


299 
170 
148 
538 
61 
475 

1,783 
231 

1,433 

2,536 


297 
163 
144 

427 
56 

395 
] , 579 

212 
1.357 

2,239 


266 
162 
148 
358 
65 
404 

1,263 
189 

1,145 

1,902 


951 
863 
746 
711' 
472 
675 
672 
541 
645 

634 


701 
637 
638 
548 
542 
907 
74.1 
466 
719 

655 


475 
534 
448 
369 
294 
884 
407 
255 
407 

433 


473 
500 
457 
347 
321 
858 
407 
315 
467 

417 


456 


New Hampshire 


509 




471 


Massachusetts 


360 


Rhode Island 


441 


Connecticut 


1,090 


New York 


408 


New Jersey 


388 


Pennsylvania 


495 


South At'antic division 


406 






Delawarf 


101 

752 
132 

1,199 
600 

1,107 
668 
863 
191 

16,336 


84 
671 
169 
998 
520 
1,032 
564 
819 
118 

12,663 


61 
384 
134 
534 
218 
619 
212 
326 

48 

5,643 


5fi 

237 

47 

[ 816 

468 

203 

388 

24 

3.713 


54 

261 

19 

642 

471 
165 
266 
24 

2,343 


599 
721 
573 
724 
787 
684 
58(1 
470 
488 

731 


573 

718 
951 
660 
848 
737 
51.7 
531 
438 

729 


488 
492 
1,017 
436 
493 
578 
3011 
273 
256 

435 


499 
345 
626 
511 


590 


Maryland 


448 


District of Columbia 


368 


Virginia 


452 


West Virginia 




North Carolina 


471 
288 
367 
171 

408 


542 


South Carolina 


247 


G-eorgia 


294 


Florida 


274 


North Central division 


415 






Ohio 


2,680 

1.888 

2.564 

1,598 

1,333 

879 

1,323 

2.003 

93 

177 

642 

1,156 

6,370 


2,30] 
1,764 
2,202 
1,166 
1,079 
5110 
1,052 
1.598 

[ 63 

287 
65] 

5,466 


1,339 
872 
83:^ 
455 
459 
166 
549 
790 

4 

55 
121 

2,633 


959 
600 
743 
277 
313 
33 
252 
498 


915 
537 
356 
125 
69 

""59 

282 


730 
861 
670 
763 
790 
675 
692 
748 
509 
538 
606 
810 

581 


720 
892 
715 
712 
82(1 
640 
648 
737 


503 
519 
328 
379 
435 
378 
46(1 
459 


410 
444 
434 
370 
404 
192 
373 
421 


462 


Indiana 


543 


Illinois 


418 


Michigan 


314 


Wisconsin 


226 


Minnesota 




Iowa 


307 


Missouri 


413^ 


North Dakota 




South Dakota 






466 
634 
654 

613 


282 
447 
984 

295 






Nebraska 


11 

27 

2,122 


1,517 


381 

252 

368 




Kansas 




South Central division 


352 






Kentucky 


1,367 

1.122 

791 

574 

539 

1, 182 

26 

769 

1,301 


1,275 
1,108 
693 
606 
521 
771 


723 
570 
40] 
245 
197 
232 


652 
436 
275 
2<'8 
239 
• 181 


563 
377 
210 
107 
117 
59 


7.35 
635 
523 
445 
482 
52." 
420 
682 

430 


773 

718 
548 
536 
557 
484 


547 

453 
4(12 
296 
271 
283 


564 
393 
28.5 
263 
338 
300 


573 


Tennessee 


376 


A labama 


272- 


Mississippi 


176 


Louisiana.. 


226 


Texas 


278 


Oklahoma 




Arkansas 


498 
825 


265 
252 


131 
117 


81 
41 


609 
467 


547 
254 


301 
189 


400 


Western division 


221 






Montana 


40 

16 

212 

82 

15 

lu8 

11 

31 

118 

157 

511 


9 

11 

85 

70 

7 

118 

10 

7 

24 

102 

382 


2 
4 
48 




j 


30S 
264 
514 
.534 
252 
519 
240 
367 
.S38 
500 
423 


230 
52'* 
437 
585 
173 
813 
161 
215 
320 
580 
442 


243 
219 

100 
522 






Wyoming 










Colorado 










New Mexico 


35 


34 


374 


5.52- 


Arizona 




Utah 


18 
4 
1 
6 

23 
141 


7 




207 
46 
67 
2.50 
253 
252 


i74 




Nevada 




Idaho 








Washington 


3 
15 
57 


7 


2.59 
286 
150 




Oregon 




California 


7L 







—8 P. C. 



114 

Table \).— The Blinr] of the Unitpr] Strifes. 1850-1890, by Geo 
grapliiciil Divisions nnrJ bv States and lenitories. showimx 
the Appart^nt Iinrense in the Number ot Blind iluring the pust 
forty years, nlso the Ratio of lilind to l.(KK)J)(Ht of I'opuhi- 
tion lit Lach Census. 



States and Territories. 


NuMBER'oF Blind. 


Ratio to l.ooo.ooo of Popu- 
lation. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


The Unitod States 


50.411 


48.928 


20.320 


12.658 


9,794 


805 


976 


527 


49S 


42! 


Nurth A.tlautic division 


13.520 


14.067 


6.150 


4,460 


3,545 


777 


970 


500 


412 


411 








Maine 


672 797 
3X0 412 
438 4K0 


324 
200 
189 
701 
121 
252 

2.213 
317 

1,767 

3,750 


233 
112 
Kw 
498 
85 
176 

1,768 
208 

1,185 

2,568 


198 
134 
140 
403 
67 
180 
1,181 
207 
969 

2,513 


1,017| 1.228 
1.009 1.187 
1.318 1.403 
824 972 
889 1.0N5 
970 984 
732 980 
581 733 
746 907 

888 1.105 


517 
647 
572 
522 
557 
409 
505 
350 
502 

641 


371 
;«5 

524 
405 
487 
382 
456 
310 
408 

479 


340 


New Hampshire 


421 


V«i niDiit 


446 


Massaehusetts 


1,840 
307 
724 

4,389 
8:19 

3.925 

7,863 


1.7;<3 
300 
613 

5,013 
829 

3,884 

7,495 


466 


KIk>i1o Island 


454 




502 


N-w York 

New Jersey 


381 
423 


Pennsylvania 


419 


S outh Atlantic division 


539 






Delaware 


101 


127 


68 
427 

78 
895 
168 
835 
451 
740 

88 

5.853 


42 

298 

\ 789 

581 
291 
484 
SO 

3,056 


39 

323 

24 

881 

£.61' 

298; 

3b7, 

30 

1,729 


' 599' 806 

786' 1.012 

790 92:3 

1.034 1.131 

924 1.011 

. 984 1.3:58 
866! 1.105 
787 1.060 
787: 798 

783 877 


544 
547 
592 
731 
3*0 
779 
639 
625 
469 

451 


374 
434 
620 

[ 494 

585 
414 
458 
256 

336 


426 


Maryland 


819 946 
182 104 


554 


District of Columbia 


464 


Virtjina 

Wisi Virginia 


1,713 
705 

1,592 
997 

1,440 
308 

17,508 


1,710 
C2.J 
1,873 
1,100 
1,634 
215 

15,224 


620 


Nurth Carolina 

Souili Carolina 


646 
44C 


Georgia 

Florida 


394 
343 


North Central division, 


320 






Ohio 


3 373 


2.900 
2,238 
2,015 
1,289 
1,075 
448 
1.310 
2.258 

} 63 
220 
748 

9,804 


1,3<36 
991 

1,042 
418 
409 
108 
405 
904 

5 

22 
128 

4,123 


899 
530 
470 
255 
220 
23 
192 
448 


012 
353 
264 
125! 
63 

'■■■.50 
2<12 

1 


918 920 
992 1.131 
741 850 
im 787 
723 817 

' 492 574 
743 800 
917 1.041 

1 378; 1 ifc 

; 538 r ■*"'^ 

1 4171 48«i 
1 745| 751 

895' 1.099 


513 

590 
410 

sr<i 

388 
231 
389 
525 

353 

179 
351 

611 


384 
392 
278 
310 
284 
134 
284 
379 


321 


Ini liana 


2,174 

2,834 

1,008 

1,219 

040 

1,421 

2,457 

09 

177 

473 

1.063 

9. 820 


357 


IllJiHiis 


310 


-Mii-hitran 

Wi-consin 

Minnesota 


314 
206 


1.1 wa 


260 


Mirtsoui i 


»40 


North Dakota 




Nebraska 


3 
10 

2,334 




1.900 


104 
93 

105 




Kansas 




South Central division 


443 


Kentucky 


1.976 
1.817 

\.m 

1.014 

857 

1.588 

35 

1.156 

1,700 


2.116 
2.020 
1,:{99 
1.071 
845 
1.375 


978 
876 

on 

474 
447 
404 


074 
554 
318 
264 
23U 
150 


5.V2 
474 
2!Hi 
205 
214 
73 


1.003 1.28:5 
' 1.028 1,314 
' 910 i.iiis 

786 9)0 
; 760 8<t9 

710' 864 


740 
696 
013 
573 
, 615 
' 494 


5*3 
490 
330 
a34 
, 325 
; 248 


.^62 


Ten III' -see 


473 


Alabama 


.^s4 


Mis-^isHippi 


338 


L'liiisjjtna 


413 


Texas 


343 


• iklahoraa 


i 5(i6 
1 1,025 






Arkansas 


972 
1,439 


333 
444 


144 
240 


92 
101 


i 211 


687 
448 


331 

, :«8 


438 


Wesiei'ii division 


j 561 1 814 


565 






Montana 


39 
7 

189 


12 
4 

104 


1 1 


1 395! 3(k; 

' 115 192 
' 4.59 5:C. 
, 1,9:.3 2.994 
436 6<>8 
I 025 875 
' 219 38.5 
1 356 184 
; 3t"3 62ti 
' 462 498 
1 594. 715 




1 






2 

26 
159 

1 
29 

1 

35 
179 






21; 

(m2 

1.731 

104 

334 

94 

267 

209 

385 

I 320 






('olorado 


■'Ue 




98 


"i.'MS 


'.'.'.'.'.'. 


New Me\-i 'O 


300; 358 

26 27 

130 126 

10 21 

30 ! 6 

106 47 

145' 87 

718! 044 


1.592 


Ari/oiia 




riali 


17 


2 


422 

■"irs 

172 
166 

1 


i76 


Nevada 




Maho 


::::::i::;;;; 




Washington 


2 

9 
63 






OieK'xi 




California 


11 








1 


1 


1 



115 



Table E.— T/je Paupers of the United States, 18r,0-1890, by 
GeoiiTapIiical Divisions and by States and Territories, >>liOw- 
ing the Apparent Increase in the Number ot Paupers during 
the last forty years, also the Ratio of Paupers to 1,000,000 
ot Population at Each Census. 



States and Tebritobies. 


Number of Paupees. 


RATIT to l.dOO.ODO 
PoPUIiATlON. 


1890. 


1880. 1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


1890. 


1880. 


1870. 


1860. 


1850. 


The United States 


73.045 


66,203 76,737 


82,942 


.50.353 


1,166 


1.320 


1,990 


2.6.38 


2.171 


North Atlantic division 


31.143 


33.933 


40,947 


46,985 


33,809 


1,790 


2,339 


3.329 


4,435 


3,919 




1.101 
1.143 

54:^ 
4,725 

490 
1,43S 
10,272 
2.718 
8,653 

8,100 


1,5(15 
1,198 

655 
4,533 

526 
1,418 


3.631 

2,129 
1,785 
5,777 
634 
1 7(15 


4,618 
2,311 

1,850 
6,503 
613 
2.238 
19,2 5 
1,861 


3,5H5 
2,184 
1,879 
5,549 
696 
1.744 
12.833 
1 578 


1,756 
3.036 
1,633 
2,110 

1,418 

1,927 
1,713 
1,8S1 
1,646 

914 


2,319 
3,453 
1,971 
2.542 
1.902 
2,277 
2.450 
2,177 
2,144 

918 


5,712 
6,689 
5,400 
3,904 
2,917 
3,172 
3.217 
2,6i7 
2.469 

2,102 


7.3.5tt 
7,US7 
5,871 
5,282 
3,510 
4,, -64 
4,950 
2,761 
2,676 

1,867 


6,062 


New Hampshire 


6,865 
5,981 


Massachusetts 

Khode Is land 


5,571 

4,717 


Connecticut 


4,703 


New York .... 


12, 452 |l 4,100 
2,462 '' .^00 


4,143 




3.223 




9,184 
6,975 


8,796 
12,304 


7,776, 3,811 
10,016 10,521 


1,049 




2,249 


Delaware 




299 
1,5'.)9 

221 
2,193 

792 
1.493 

578 


387 
1,1S7 

184 
2.117 

711 
1,275 


453 
1,612 

279 
3,280 

994 
1,652 
2,071 
1,816 


447 
720 
142 

[4534 

1.431 
1,439 
1 196 


273 

2,001 

4,458 

1,580 

1,293 

854 

62 

3,906 


1.775 

1,534 

959 

1 1.324 

! i,o.« 


2,640 
1.270 
1.036 
1,400 
1.15t» 


3,624 
2,064 
2,118 
2,677 
2.355 
1,542 
2,935 
1,634 
783 

1,262 


3,984 
1,046 
1.881 

j- 2840 

1,442 
2,iM5 
1,131 

762 

2,482 


2,982 


Maryland 

District ot Columbia 


3, 132 


Virginia 


3,136 


West Virginia 


North Carolina 


9231 911 
502 1 521 
490' 357 


1.818 


South Carolina 


l,9.i4 


Georgia 


901 5fin 


942 


Florida 


24 
25,615 


45 

19.811 


1471 1(17 


61 
1,145 


167 
1,141 


709 


North Central division 


16,384 


22,574 


723 






Ohio 


7,400 
2,927 
5 305 


6.9741 3.674 
3,0.52 3.652 


14,092 1 673 


2.015 


2,181 

1,543 


1,378 
2.113 


6,023 
1,177 
1.(184 
1,913 
2,531 

9(17 
1,012 

663 


845 


Indiana 


1,5891 5831' 1.335 
1 856 434ii 1,410 


590 


Illinois 


1.197! 930 


510 


Michigan 


I'oici I'^ic! 5'o45 


1,423, 42911 915' 1,067! 1,725 
1.91,4 238 ' 1.566 774! 1.068 

156' n 280! 2911 892 

683 441' 84X1 717i 714 


1,079 


Wisconsin 


2,' 6 11 

365 

1,621 

2,378 

35 

53 

291 

593 

5,049 


1,018 1.126 

217' 392 
1,165 853 
1,477 1,854 

I 


779 


Minnesota 




Iowa 


229 


Missouri 


784 


505 


888 
' 192 


681 

i 


1,077 


740 


South Dakota 

Nebraska 


) 

113 92 
355 336 

3 676 5 S.=;9 


6 
21 

3.046 




! 161 
275 


S 
250 
356 

412 


756 
922 

916 


209 
191 

528 




Kansas 


2,117 


4I6 
460 




South Central division 


492 










Kentucky 


1.578 

1,545 

623 

494 

122 


1,366 

1.136 

511 


1,784 
1,332 

fiS7 


899 7r7' 


849 


829 


1,354 

1,054 

689 


778 
842 
466 
380 
229 
202 


791 


Tennessee 


935 5'.tl"i 874 737 


589 


Alabama 


449 315!' 412 
301 257, 383 
162 106! 109 
122' 4'! 208 


407 


408 


Mississippi 


345 809 


305 i 977 

' 698 

132 247 


424 


Louisiana 


205 


T' xas 


464 2i6 202 


19 










Arkansas 

"Western division 


'"'223 'ios 
3,138 1,808 


538 
1,243 


178 
321 


67 


198 
1,036 


131 
1.023 


1,115 
1.255 


409 
519 


324 








1321 


23 






999 




1,117 


















87 

1 

23 


•••■46 


19 






211 
7 
386 
298 
940 
237 
203 
316 


237 


477 









! 








A 








"^'99 1 




Utah 


621 

43' 95 


51 


1 




599 

1,526 1,271 

215' 267 

146! ^35 

292| 891 

1.813 1.709 


25 




Idaho 

Washington 






::;:::i 






71, 11 201 2 

99] 51; 81 25 

2,600 1.594'- 991 1 293 


72 
477 
789 




Oregon 




California 


1 2,152 








. . 





.... . 


.... i 












116 

TAin.i: V—lhf- I'risoners of tlw i'tiiterl States, 7S5O-JS0O, by 
Geofrniphicil Divisions and hv Stnths and Territories, Show- 
inti; the Apparent Increase in tlir Xuinher of Prisoners diirimi: 
thi' p ist forty yetrs, also the Ratio of Prison rs to 1.00(f,0UO 
of Fopuhition at Each Census. 



States and Tekeitouies 



Ratio to 1.iK)0,000 
Population. 




The United States . . 



North Atlanti 

Maine 

New Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massucluisctts 

Rhoilij Island 

Connecticut 1 

New York ill 

New Jersey 2 

Pennsylvania 6 

South Atlantic division 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District of Columbia, 

Virginia, 

West Virginia 

North Carolina _. 

South Carolina i 1 , 

Georgia 
Florida 

North Central division 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois .. 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North Dakota 

South Dak<.ta 

Nebraska, 

Kansas 

South Central division ]l6,081 

Kcntui-ky ' 2.110 

Tennessee I 2. 151 

Alabama 2..'il8 

Mississippi 1,177 

Louisiana ' i.iuis 

Texas I 4,7-17 

Oklahoma 

Arkansas j 1,173 

Western division '. 0,724 

Montana 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New Mo.xie.o . 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Wa-hington 

Or gon. 

California a.;?'.i8 2,(i47 



777 . 


i 




1,426 ' 


477! 


261 

1 13!i . 


107 


617 


21!> 
2,330 . 


199 


791 


1,867 ! 



793 1,2941 
144 248 
809 2.32l! 



376 
670 



117 



Table G. — The Distribution at the Defective, Dependent, and 
Delinquent Classes, in the State of Illinois, in 18<S0 and 1890, 
by Counties. 





1— 1 
p 
to 
p 
p 

CD 
P" 

s 

p 


1— 1 
P 

CD 

93 

P 
CD 

p' 


o" 

p' 

o 


o" 

P' 
00 


P 

C5 

CD 
95 

CO 

9 


O 

CD 
O 
►-! 

55 
tc 
CD 


CD 

B 

d 

CD 
01 

p' 


p' 

p' 

i 

o 


2 
5' 

p 


1— 1 
P 
o 
"-1 

CD 


o 


state 


6,638 


5, 121 


5,249 


4,170 


1,079 




2,564 


2,834 


2,615 


219 




Adams 

Alexander 

Bond 


25 
23 
24 
15 
57 
12 
37 

19 
70 
35 
20 
35 
28 
2.1 
1,879 

10 
10 
52 
23 
19 
27 
36 
6 

30 
33 
31 
24 
69 
14 
J2 
23 

23 
57 
13 
18 
81 
57 
32 
9 

25 
21 
56 
17 
117 
a 573 
22 
83 

54 
72 
19 
68 
47 
61 
31 
64 


138 
16 
29 

28 
15 

81 
7 

22 

27 
68 
28 
38 
22 
28 
44 
1.023 

14 
16 
36 
36 
21 
28 
4.') 
7 

19 
15 
21 
24 
69 
16 
37 
23 

17 
66 
8 
12 
82 
43 
26 
14 

20 
32 
61 
25 
104 
65 
15 
95 

44 
121 
20 
6(> 
66 
35 
53 
57 


145 
11 
32 

29 
24 
62 
6 
22 

29 
93 
46 
46 
33 
31 
50 
560 

34 
24 
40 
32 
29 
36 
66 
35 

33 
50 
27 
35 
83 
34 
31 
38 

27 
35 
10 
29 
75 
46 
39 
22 

45 
42 
68 
45 
87 
54 
13 
99 

35 

its 
24 
49 
70 
CI 
40 
61 


82 
18 
35 
29 
34 
61 
10 
26 

23 
81 
50 
25 
26 
27 
23 
322 

16 
31 
38 
46 
19 
25 
40 
11 

23 
36 
18 
30 
75 
34 
46 
24 

19 
59 
7 
15 
72 
46 
37 
21 

29 
33 
44 
38 
55 
41 
14 
64 

44 

n 

30 
49 
55 
70 
31 
44 


63 


7 

3 


65 
8 
7 
6 

10 

18 
2 

10 

14 

35 
19 
25 
17 
17 
23 
619 

23 
9 
22 
14 
17 
13 
21 
4 

16 
17 
11 
23 
48 
13 
17 
13 

5 
25 

5 

23 
17 
12 
16 

14 
12 
19 

8 
46 
26 

7 
26 

21 

52 
10 

111 
24 
39 
22 
29 


911 
12 
23 
15 
15 
28 
12 
10 

22 
35 
32 
48 
21 
32 
20 
373 

16 
27 
16 
12 
21 
14 
30 
12 

13 

18 
12 
32 
61 
18 
34 
10 

22 
21 
20 
13 

35 

22 
24 
20 

44 
28 
22 
10 
33 
16 
11 
41 

24 
45 
20 
26 
27 
13 
14 
31 


74 
25 
31 
14 
23 
21 
13 
20 

14 
3n 
22 
24 
16 
16 
31 
304 

10 
16 
19 
15 
13 
14 
35 
7 

15 
29 
15 
21 
41 
23 
27 
13 

22 
34 
6 
13 
28 
29 
37 
16 

33 
15 

28 
22 
44 
10 
7 
51 

22 
36 
26 
9 
32 
14 
15 
37 


16 

i 

7 

8 
5 
10 
24 
5 
16 

"■""69 

6 
11 

8 


"" "i3 

g 


Boone 




Brown 


i 

6 
1-' 

"""21 

7 
4 

28 
238 

18 

2 

■■■■io 

11 
26 
24 

10 
14 

9 

5 
8 


10 

4 

4 

4 

7 

"""ii 


g 


Bureau 

Calhoun 

Carroll 

Cass 


i 

10 


Ohampaign 

Christian 




Gjark 




*^^y 

Clinton 




Coles 

Cook 

Crawford 


11 


Cumberland 




DeKalb 

DeWirt 


3 
3 


Douglas 




DuPage 




Ed-^ar 


6 

... ^^ 

10 
7 


5 


Edwards 




Effingham 

Fayette 

Ford 


2 
11 
3 


Franklin 

Fulton 

Gallatin 


5 


Greene 


'" "i4 

8 

3 

14 
3 


15 

" " " "24 




Hamilton 


3 


Hancock 

Hardin 


"■""i4 


13 


Hendersuu 




Henry 

Iroquois 


7 

3 

11 

18 



6 

4 

2 
9 

""""i7 


7 


Jackson 

Jasper 


2 
1 

16 
9 

24 
7 

32 

13 

■ " " "35 

■■■■2i 




i 

9 
6 


13 


Jefferson 




Jersey 

JoDaviess 


6 


Johnson 

i^ane 


6 
11 


iankakee 

lendall 

inox 


io 


LaSalle 

Lawrence 

Lee 


6 


Livingston 


15 

9 

17 


9 


5 


Logan 


1 


Macon 


1 


Macoupin 


6 



118 



'I'.ihle G. — Concluded. 



ts 


» 5* 








a 


D ^ 


a 


C ft 




p— . 


!» 


D 


D a 1 






1 


s 


8o 








1 



tadii^on 
arion 
arshall 

Mason 

fia8Pac 
cDonough , 
McHenty .... 
HcLeun 



Henard 
Morcer. 
Ml nroe 
MoniKomery 



89' 
31 
23 
27 
23 
4U 
44 
9U 

17 
47 

22 

„ 44 

Morgan \h 144 



Moultrie. 
Ogle ... 
Peoria. 



Perry 

Piatt 

Pike 

Pope 

Pulaski. .. 
Putnam... 
Randolph. 
Richland.. 



Rock Island. 

Saline 

Santcamon... 

ychuyler 

Scott 

Shelby 

Stark 

St. Clair 



Stephenson . 
Tazewell — 

Union 

Vermilion ... 

Waba-h 

"Warren 

WashinRton. 
Wayno 



White 

Whiteside . 

Will 

Williamson , 
Winnebano., 
Wondford .. 



15 
54 
125 

26 
8 
75 
](< 
13 
4 

38 
2U 

112 
13 

122 
33 
12 
19 
12 

10(J 

47 
77 
32 
7« 
13 
40 
33 
33 

22 
70 
10(! 
23 

85 
23 



116! 
32 
28 
.31 
16 
47 
19 
93 

27 
53 
2S 
37 
73 
IS 
58 
1U3 

15 
7 
54 
18 
16 
7 

42 
19 

89 
10 
103 
39 
17 
38 
23 
98 

53 
51 
2»i 
72 
23 
37 
27 
23 

17 

42 
98 
23 
60 
39 



6! 
54 
28 
24 
27 
47 
49 
136 

25 
37 
19 
42 
59 
21 
68 
58 

26 
27 
59 
4.") 
35 
18 
54 
37 

92 
22 
85 
41 
15 
73 
32 
80 

87 
60 
50 
70 
22 
34 
25 
32 

36 
69 
112 
38 
52 
46 



8 




28 




9 




1 




19 






5 


8 




56 




5 






8 


6 




6 




8 




11 




16 






14 


9 




8 




6 




3 




10 




6 




10 




53 






11 


27 




4 






9 


7 




12 




13 




28 




10 




3 




2 




2 




8 






5 




9 


22 




41 




2 




13 




13 





25 




4 






3 


6 




3 






6 


1 






1 




3 


i 




7 




10 






1 


8 




o 








6 




10 




"> 










29 


9 






1 


14 




12 




i 


12 


5 




i 




9 


2 


14 




3 




16 




4 


■■"is 




4 























a Including 496 patients in the Eastern Hospital for the Insane, whose residence when 
at home was not reported to the census office. 

h IncludinK 91 patients in the Central • ospltal for the Insane, whose residence when 
at home was not reported to the census office. 

On llic Dtliof NovomlxM-. l.SSCJ, Dr. Iv M. (iallandot, president 
of tlic National Deaf Mute Colle^-o, at Wa.^hin.iiton, )>■ C, ap- 
])('are(l as an invited witness hefojv tlie Royal Conmiission ap- 
pointed by the Jiritisli (iovernnient to inquire into the educa- 
tional needs of the deaf, and said : 



119 

During the last tlfty years the statistics of the deaf and dumb have 
heen increa ingly full in our country, and an interesting question with us 
has been the proportion of deaf to the general population, and whether 
or not that proportion was increasing or diminishing. * * In 1880, 
our last census, the proportion increases to one in 1,480 (the population 
being 50. 55,783 and the number of deaf-mutes 33,878), which is quite a 
remarkable change, and the cause of this apparent great increase in the 
number of deaf-mutes has been a subject of very considerable discussion 
among specialists in our country. There are those who have said that it 
has grown out of the intermarriage of deaf-mutes : it is seriously doubted 
by others whether that has had an important influence on the result, for 
an examination of the actual reports made in the taking of this 1880 cen- 
sus shows tliat the oflicers in charge of this special branch of the census. 
in their great zeal to have a very full and perfect census of deaf-mutes, 
erred on the other side, and in many cases enumerated the same person 
twice and even three times. It is extremely diflticult to arrive at an abso- 
lutely certain result with regard to the proportion of deaf-mutes at the 
last census, but a sufficient number of errors of the character I have men- 
tioned have been found in examining the reports to make it practically 
certain that the ratio of the deaf to the whole population has not mate- 
rially increased over the figures of the previous censuses. It may 1)e taken 
that the ratio before 1880 was too small, and it may be presumed that 
one in 1,800 would represent ace irately the proportion : and the figure of 
one in 1,480, if it were corrected for error, would come to very nearly the 
same proportion of one in 1,800, and that may l^e taken as undoubtedly 
very nearly the proportion of our deaf-mutes in our population in America 
to-day. 

The source from which this criticism eminated, the audience to 
which it was addressed, and the precision of Dr. Gallaudet's 
statements were all adapted, if not meant, to create the im- 
pression in the mind of the public that the census of the deaf 
in the United States in 1880 was inaccurate and untrustworthy, 
and that the work had been placed in careless or incompetent 
hands. 

When, on the 14th of June, 1888, Dr. Alexander Graham Bell 
appeared before the Royal Commission to give his evidence, he 
said : 

I think i)r. Gallaudet has been misled in relation to the statistics of 
the deaf and dumb as given in the census of 1880, which is the best cen- 
sus we have had taken in the United States. It was well known to Dr. 
Gallaudet and to the othe superintendents and principals of American 
institutions, that many deaf-mutes were reported twice, once from the in- 
stitution where they were receiving instruction and once from their homes. 
Then there were numerous cases of persons who were reported as deaf- 
mutes who became deaf at eighty years of age, and forty years of age r 
and so a good many of the principals and superintendents may have 
formed an idea that the census of 1880 is unreliable, and that the num- 
bers of deaf-mutes are as much overstated in that census as they were 
understated in the former census. They have a right to that belief, but 
I am in a position to show that they are wrong, and that the census of 
1880 is very reliable. 

Of course it is not improbable that there may be duplicates in the re- 
turns obtained in 1880. but to my personal knowledge very great efforts 
were made liy the census commission to eliminate all those duplicates, and 
to eliminate all cases where the persons reported had become deaf in adult 
life. Certainly there could be no such error as would change the propor- 
tion of the deaf and dumb from one in 1,480 of the population to one in 
1,800. According to Dr. Gallaudet's assumption the number of deaf-mutes 
in the country on the first of June, 1880, would be 27 864 instead of 33,878, 



120 

the tliirt-niicc Ijciiitr <i.<il4 (luplitalfs llial is to say. l,el\vc-<'ii <iiic-lllt li and 
one-sixth of the whole nuiiilicr. 'I1ic actual nunihcr tJiveii in the census 
is ."W.STs. that is one (ieaf-niulc in 1.4S() of tiie ])Oi)ulalion. Dr. Gal- 
laudct as>unies thai there is one (Uar-niute in I. SOU of the population, and 
if you make a calculation on the whole ijopulation of the c((Uiitry. which 
is ho.liM.TS:}. you will lind that that yields a resultant of 27.xf.4. whicli is 
a ditlciencr of (■).u]4 cases that are altriliuted to duplicates. Tiiat is a 
very seiious cliai'^'e against our census, and on seeint,' this stateint'ut 1 ini- 
ined lately t ' ley:rai)lit'd to the Kev. Fr<-(ierick Wines, who has char},'e of 
this ilepartnient of the census, lellintr liim that the accuracy of tlie L'nited 
States census had been atticked before the commission on account of 
duplicates, and asking' from him a reply to present to the commission. I 
received the rejily just Itefore stailiny:. and it is as follows: "Sprin^Mleld. 
;May 2S. 18»)8— M\- Dear i-ir: 1 thank you nxtst sincerely for your kindness 
in iiiformin^f me by tele}jrai)h that theaccuiacy of the last census relatintf 
to deaf-mutes has bi'en attacked before the lloyal Commission. It is the 
first that I have heard of it. and it is rather ditlicult to know how to 
answer an attack which one has not seen. No census that has been taken 
in any country since the world began can claim to be free from inac- 
curacy: and no one knows this so well as the census-taker. But every 
-census before that of 1880 has erred, in the matter of the enumeration of 
the deaf, on the side of omissions rather than duplication of names. 
There are two ways in which duplication may occur. First, a <leaf-mute 
may be enumerated in tlie institution of whicli he is a puijil and an in- 
mate, and he may also be enumerated at the place where his family n- 
sides. Second, it is possible that some i)hysician. in reporting' to me the 
names of lunatics and idiots within the sphere of his personal and pro- 
fessional knowledge, may have reported a de.if-mute also. But the greatest 
possible pains were taken to purge the list of all duplicates: and, if any 
have remained undetected, it has jirobably been owing to the misspelling 
of names in cases where two dilT'erent spellings were possil)le. But the 
numlicr of such dui)lications can in no case have been considerable. A 
liberal estimate would not. I think, place it above 100 in all. which, as 
you know, is scarcely worthy of notice in an investigation of such magni- 
tude. And the duplications, granting that they exist, (which 1 tlo not ad- 
mit without pntof. (»f which none have been laid liefore me.) are much 
more than counteri)alance(l by the known omissions. If you will look at 
the enumeration by age, you will perceive that the numVier of deaf-mutes 
returned under the age of five years is mucli less than it must actually 
have been, as is esi)ecially evident when attention is directed to the num- 
ber of congenital deaf-miites. 1 have no (huibt that, whatever may have 
been said to the Koyal Commission l)y some person unknown to nu'. the 
numl)er of deaf-mutes in the riiiled States exceeds rather than falls be- 
low the number reported in the census.'" 

I am in a p'tsition to support Mr. Wines in a remarkable manner. It so 
happens that I Inve had access to the ori>rinal schedules of the c(Misus re- 
turns, and I hav(^ noticed tlie jiains and the can* with which deaf-mutes 
have lieeii hunted up. Hundreds and thousands of letters have been writ- 
ten t'l ascertain the accuracy of the returns. For jiurposes of my own I 
have m ide a card catalogue Of the deaf-mutt>s in \ho Fnited States. The 
undertaking was enormous, and is not comjileted yet. But for some m(Ui(iis 
I have liad in my possession, arranged in alphabetical order, the names of 
"2:$, {»()!> deaf-mules from the census, so as to l»ring all the surnames to- 
gctlu^r. so that if any considei'able duiilicat ion existed if between one 
fifth and one sixth of the total numlier were duplicates -I must have ol)- 
served it. * * * 1 r.iust say that my study of the census returns has 
given me great coiilldence in the a<'cnracy of the isso census. 

Dr. P.cll li;i.^ since pilhlislMMl, thfoiioji 1 he ;it;(Mif.\' of the A'olla, 
Bureau, oiidowod bv IiiiiiHolt', a volmiio oiitillod ' I/liieatioii of 
Deaf ('liiMi-cn: lOvidom c of lOduard Minor (lallatidol and .\lex- 
iind(M- (Iraliain Px'll, lucsoiitcil to tlio Renal (^otiunission of the 
United Kinoilom on llio Condition of the' Blind, the Deaf and 



121 

Dumb., etc , with acoompanying- Papers, Postscripts, and an 
Index. Edited by Joseph C. Gordon, Professor of Mathematics, 
etc., in the National Colleg-e for the Deaf, Washington, U. S. A." 
The number of copies printed is limited. In thig volume, (III. 207), 
Dr. Gallaudet further explains and defends his attack upon the 
Tenth Census in "Comments on Points in Professor Bell's Evidene 
befoi'e the Royal Commission," etc., under the heading "Census 
Results," in the following words: 

Professor Bell criticizes the opinion expressed in my evidence, Q. 13, 105, 
tliat the ratio ot deaf-imites to the whole population of the United States 
was not greater in 1880 than 1 to 1,800, and endeavors to show that the 
number of deaf-mutes reported in the country by the census of 1880, viz., 
33,878, is under rather than over the actual aggregate at that time. [See 
Prof. Bell's evidence, Q. 21, 357.] 

The record of my evidence makes me base my criticism of the results 
of the census entirely on errors in duplicating names. I do not think the 
report correctly states what I said; at all events, it was far from my pur- 
pose to take such narrow ground in questioning the accuracy of the census 
report. I am therefore especially obliged to Prof. Bell for giving me this 
opportunity of stating fully my reasons for the opinion I expressed to the 
commission. 

The Rev. F. H. Wines, special agent of the census office, who had entire 
charge of the enumeration of the so-called "defective, dependent, and de- 
linquent classes," says, in his introduction to the volume in which there- 
suits of his labors are given to the public: 

•'There is no sufficient reason to believe that the number of insane, 
idiots, blind, and deaf has iucreasetl at anything like the rate shown in 
the tallies. Either the ratios to the total population, as here shown, are 
excessive, or those deduced from the figures of former years fall below the 
truth." 

The figures of 1870 showed one deaf-mute to 2,379 inhabitants, and the 
•proportions indicated by the census returns of 1860 and 1850 were substan- 
tially the same. Applying the ratio of 1870 to the total of population in 1880 
(50,155,783). we have as the number of deaf-mutes 21,082, Instead of 33,878. 
as reported, a difference of over 12,000. 

I quite agree with Mr. Wines that the ratio "deduced from the figures" 
of 1870 is too low, and, in my estimate, have given him an advance of 
over 6,000. Why I ought not to give him the other 6,000 can be made 
easily evident. 

In the oriffinal returns of the census more than 3,000 idiots were included 
with the deaf-mutes. In the final report the number of ( eaf-mute idiots 
was given as 2,122. 

I know of no teacher of the deaf, of long experience, who entertains any 
other opinion than that nearly all persons reported as deaf-mute idiots, 
even in this final statement, are merely idiots— mute, perh;ips, but not so 
because of deafness, but only because of feebleness of mind: and I am sure 
that had Prof. Bell been at the head of a large school for the deaf for 
a generation, where he might have personally examined the numbers of 
children seeking admission as so-called deaf-mutes, but who were idiots, 
pure and simple, he would have closed his comments on the unreliability 
of the census returns, published in Science, February 13, 1885, in language 
much more emphatic than the following: 

"The judgment of unskilled persons regarding the intelligence of 
deaf-mutes should evidently be received with caution. It is only to be 
hoped that the number of idiotic deaf-mutes returned to the census has 



122 

been over-estiiuated. Hefore ucceijlintr llu- results as thdioiijfhly reliable, 
it would be well t » know whether or not the persons wlm made the re- 
turns were competent to judfje the matter."'* 

Mr. Wines, in a Ulressinti: the Convention of American Instructors of the 
l)eaf. held at Jacksonville, in the summer of \^><'2. said, in ret,'ard to the 
work then in progress in classifying and verifyintf the census returns: 

■'One of our ^'reatest ditticulties has Ijcen the fad that so many are re- 
ported as l»elontrintj to more than one of the defective classes. * * The 
possibh' coml)inat ions of misfortune are numerous and distressing, as well 
as jierplexintr. We are now ent^atred in an effort to reduce their number, 
and we do not feel justitled in publishing any of the results until we have 
rorupkted the task of correct inj^, not one class only, such as the deaf or 
y)lind, but ail the classes, all our lists, of which there are seven. We can- 
not depend upon our results as final for any om diii<s until we are throutrh: 
and how lonj; it will take to j^et throut^h n(j one can tell. It depends upon 
the number of clerks and the amount of money the superintendent o the 
census placs at my disposal. In statistical work it may be taken as an 
axiom, that we cannot have any chgne of accuracy the cost of which tee are not 
iriUing to meet." 

That the means of completin;^ Mr. Wines' work were not furnished is 
well known, and he himself says, in his letter transmitting,' his volume to 
the acting superintendent of census, March 3. IHH'r. 

"I think it right to say that these tables do not represent the entire 
result of the investigation projected by me with the approval of (Jeneral 
Francis A. Walker, former superintendent of census. A portion of the 
work, begun and partially finished, was in the end abandoned, owing to the 
closing of the ottice." 

That this cutting short of the work throws a cloud over the accuracy of 
every portion of it, we have Mr. Wines' own opinion quoted above. And 
evidences of inaccuracy in the final report are not wanting. 

A single discovered instance cannot fail to suggest the possibility of 
many not brought to light. 

Professor Bell, in his evidence, No. 21.. ').'¥). speaks t»f a family of deaf- 
mutes as follows: 

*'I will show you the sort of information I get from the census returns. 
Here is a case. Here is a family all of the surname of Runk. all living 
in the same house. Here is Daniel, aged 40: Annie, aged .'{X: Elias. aged 17: 
Eddy, aged 12. and Mary, aged 'A: all deaf-mutes, living in the same house, 
with the same surname."' 

This is the sort of information Professor Bell gets from the census and 
yelies f)n, but from a much more trustworthy source, namely, the assurance 
of the tatlier of the family himself, in answer to in(|uiries made by Pro- 
fessor Kay in connection witli his work, now in progress, of si'curing mar- 
riage statistics of tlie deaf, I iiave the information that neither of the three 
children, Elias, P]ddy, and Mary, is deaf. 

.Mr. Wines, in his zeal to secure a complete enumeration of the classes 
committed to his charge, made use of oiu^ metlu.d which certainly was 



* Lost Dr. Bi;ir.s position on fliis (lUi-Ntion slioulil In- mis^eonstriii'il bv a lia^ty or 
careliiss reader (in- ri-fi-rs to tiic ennincrotDrs. wiu'n lie .spi-aks uf tli'ir iloiibttui eom- 
pptenc«0 till' followint: "•xtiar-t-! friTn iiis aitich^ in Science (wliioii was cntitlod "Is there 
a CVirrnlatlon Lif^twecn Id'fccts of tlii' Si'ns<'s?"i are privrn liero: 

"Th<' ritnrn« of the tenth ivnsiis iixiicato tliat h"' deaf ar<' niiicli more liable to blind- 
nesH tliiin tin- hcarint,'. and tlif hiiinl nioio liaDle to deafness than the soeinc ♦ * * I he 
tables sc'i.-ni to indjcato that, in ih'- L-a-r of il(>afii<>ss, blindness, idiocv. and insanity, 
some f-orrolation exists. * • • 'j'lie results obtained. I think, merit the considemtioii 
of scientill"- men, and are caculaled to throw li^hf upon tlie subjeet of correlated de- 
fects." 

The statistics of correlated innrmities In the eleventh census have not yet been made 
public. 



128 

liable to lead to error. This was the inducement of extra pay to enumer- 
ators for every name added to the list of defectives. Mr. Wines sa5's, iii 
his introduction: 

•'For this extra service the enumerator was offered additional compen- 
sation; and it was impressed upon him that he should exert himself to- 
find these defective persons and make a full report of each case." 

That the enumerators placed many names on their lists of which they 
did not make full repf)rts is shown from the fact that of 11,405 cases re- 
ported as deaf and dumb, nothing is given as to the aye tui en deafness occur- 
red, nor as to the cause of deafness; information of such prime importance as 
to warrant at least a presumption, if not a conclusion, that the whole 
11,405 were persons who became deaf in adult life, and hence were not 
properly classed as deaf mutes at all. [See Professor Bell's evidence. Q.. 
21, 487.] 

No enumeration of "the deaf" was made in the census of 1880, but this 
class of persons was considered in the Massachusetts census of 1885. quite 
apart from the *'deaf and dumb." The report of this census gives 2,97:i 
deaf persons in the state, not including 828 reported as deaf-mutes. If 
this proportion between "the deaf'' and the "deaf and dumb" held 
throughout the country in 1880, there were upwards of 80 000 persons wliose 
disability was of a nature to make it easy for ignorant, careless, not to 
say mercenary, enumerators to improperly enroll large numbers of them 
among the deaf and dumb. This source of possible error, in connection 
wit' I the probable blunders as to deaf-mute idiots, and the tact above 
alluded to, that of 11,405 alleged deaf-mutes nothing is given on the two 
points of greatest imp rtance in settling the question whether tliey are 
deaf-mutes or only "deaf," leads to the conclusion that the number of 
deaf-mutes, correctly so termed, in the country in 1880, was less bj'^ several 
thousand than the census returns claim. 

But the confirmati n of my expressed opinion that the true ratio of the 
"deaf and dumb" of the country to the whole population was not greater 
than 1 to 1,800 does not stop here. 

It is probable that the census of 1880 was as correctly taken in Massa- 
chusets as in any state; undoubtedly more correctly than in many of the 
states and territories. In 1880 there were, according to the U. S. census, 
978 deaf-mutes in a total population of 1,783,085, or one in 1,823, a pro- 
portion slightly under the figures named by me to the Boyal Commission. 

But in 1885 the state census of Massachusetts, undoubtedly more accu- 
rate than the federal er umieration of 1880, gives only 828 deaf-mutes, less 
by 150 than the number reported in 1880, while the total population had 
increased to 1,942,141, making the proportion of deaf-mutes one in 2,345, 
essentially the same as that deduced from the United States censuses of 
the whole co ntry in 1850, 1860 and 1870. at which Mr. Wines and Pro- 
fessor Bell have been wont to point the linger of scorn. 

In the volume published by Dr. Bell, from which Dr Gallau- 
det'8 comment is taken, there appears also (III 212) Mr Wines* 
reply, as follows: 

President Gallaudet expresses the opinion that "the ratio of deaf-mutes 
to the whole population of the United States was not greater in 1880 than 
1 to 1,800." This is a negative opinion. But in his testimony before the 
Royal Commission he expressed the positive side of the same opinion, in 
the words; "It may be presumed that 1 in 1,800 would represent accu- 
rately the proportion." 

The returns by the census enumerators, on the other hand, made the 
ratio 1 in 1,480, which he thinks should have been "corrected for error.'" 

I certainly do not know, and it is difficult to see how any one can 
know, which of these ratios is nearer to the truth. The natural presump- 
tion would be in favor of figures based upon the results of personal in- 
quiry by the census enumerators. Still the uncertainty which attends all 



124 

slalisliral work. a<liiiils of llie possiliility thai I'ri'sidfut (Jallauders per- 
soiial iiiiprcssions iiiav be eiitilled to ^'reatcr weight tlian that which at- 
ta<'hes to tlie enumerators" statenieJils. I cannot decide this question: 
my attitude toward it is that of a judtre. not of an advocate. 

Hut it is clear t(» me that, whether liis opinion is <()rrect or incorrect, 
the reasons assit,'ned hy him in its favor will not hear examination. 

He observes: "The record of my evidence makes me base my criticism 
of the results of the census entirely on errors in duplicating,' names. I do 
not tliink the report correctly states what I said: at all events it was far 
from my i)urpo.se to take such narrow ground."' 

What did he say, as reported by the stenographer of the Itoyal Com- 
mi.ssion"::' (See Vol. 3. p. 4r)6. ) The italics are mine. '"^(i extnni nation of 
ihe actwd reports made in the taking of this 1880 census sh(tws that the 
otlicers in this special liranch of the census, in their zeal to have a very 
full and perfect census of deaf-mutes, erred on the other side, and in 
many cases cnumfratrd the same person tu-ice and even thiee times. A sufficient 
nuinlier of errors ef tlu ehainclir I have mentioned have been found, in examin- 
ing the report, to make it practically certain that the ratio of the deaf 
to tlie whole population his not materially increased over the tlgures of 
the previous censuses."' 

My attention being called to this language, I wrote to I'resident Ual- 
laudet. courteously asking him to inform me by whom the examination of 
which he speaks was made. To this question, addressed to him more than 
a year ago, he has as yet made no reply.* 

It is quite true that the enumerators in many cases reported the same 
person twice. The sime was true of all previous censuses, and will occur 
again in the census of 1890. liut this was not due to the zeal of the 
'•otticcrs in charge." The same i)ers n is enumerated, in a certain per- 
centage of cases, at his home, and again away from it. If zeal has any- 
thing to do in causing this error, it can only be the zeal of the enumer- 
ators. And the implication contained in the words, "if it had t)een 
corrected for error," as though it had not been so corrected, is most 
unjust. 

In round numbers, the numV)er of deaf-mutes returned by the enumer- 
ators, instead of being :{.'?, 878. was .S8,;i00. The number reported liy physi- 
cians was l..'>oo. making a total of 40.000. From this total 1 caused to be 
erased more than (),000 names, of which about '2,Mo were duplicates: the 
rest were idiots, or deaf or dumb onlv. Your own evidence (vol. ;{, p. 80:{), 
that you had prepared a card catalogue including more than two-thirds of 
all tile deaf-mutes enumerated in 1880, and had arranged tliem alpha- 
betically, without discovering any considerable numi) -r of duplicates, is a 
strong corroboration of my own l)elief that the wtu'k of correction was 
carried as far as was at all j)racticable However, President (i;illaudet has 
abandoned this ground of attack, and it is needless to say more about it. 

In his comments upon your evidence he speiks of "the blunders as to 
deaf-mute idiots." Whether there were, in fact, so many ;is 2,122 jiersons 
in the I'niled States who were thus doul)ly alllicted. may be fairly ciues- 
ti(»ned. .Ml that can i)e jxisitively asseiled is that the enumerators re- 
ported a mucii great i-r numlu'r. His (|uotatio:i from my remarks at .lack- 
sonville, in iHS2, shows that I was keenly .ilive to the possiliility of error 
in this direction. lie i)roital)ly does not know that a jtersonal letter was 
written to the head of every family from whicli a deaf idiot was rejiorted, 
containing specific (|uestions. careful y framed so as to determine with 
(•ertainiy whether the case was, in fact, one of doul)le misfortune, or of 
simi)le deiifness, or of idiocy. Tn every instance where the tlrst letter was 
tiot answered, he was written to again, and in a vi i\ large number of 

♦ Dr. Gnllauiiot think.s that this stntement conveys an impression not intended by Mr. 
Wines, namely, that Mr. Wine- received im reply to his letter. But ilial isn'it what Mr. 
Wines says. n<' says: "To flu's ijix'sH'itt he has us yi-t mad no rei)lv." nam<^ly,thi^ inauiry 
by whom tlie examina'ion I'f ilii- a tiial returns was made. Nearly three additional years 
have elapsed since this statement was publicly m.ide, and the (luostiou remains unanswered 
to this day. 



125 

cases three letters were sent him. After the third call no further effort 
was made in this direction, because it seemed to be useless. The replies 
were examined with equal care, and showed that, in a large number of 
instances, this double intirmity actually exists. Those reported to V)e deaf 
only, or feeble-minded only, were eliminated, so far as the information 
furnished would permit, but of course many of the letters remained un- 
answered. President Gallaudet is mistaken in supposing that my language 
in the introduction to Vol. XXI of the tenth census had any reference to 
ihis i quiry. What I had chiefly in mind was a dilTerent inquiry, relating 
wholly to the criminal class and the administration of public justice. 

He says: "Mr. Wines, in his zeal to secure a complete enumeration of 
the deaf, made use of one method which certainly was liable to lead to 
error. This was the inducement of extra pay to enumerators for every 
name added to the list of defectives."' This statement is inaccurate, and 
conveys an erroneous impression. The pay offered was not for names added 
to this list, but for full particulars respecting each case, involving as many 
answers and as much labor as the work done upon the population schedule. 
Not to have paid for it would have been unfair: and precisely the same 
compensation is offered in the census of 1890. The extent of the error 
arising from this source is estimated by Dr. Gallaudet at 6,000 (half the 
difference between one in 1,480 and one in 1.800 of the total population), 
for which, at three cents per name, the "mercenary" enumerators received 
the enormous sum of $1S0, which was divided among some -40,000 of them. 

As to the suggestion that the census was unworthy of conttdence, be- 
cause in 11,405 cases the age at which deafness occurred was not stated, 
this is a question which, in the nature of things, cannot be answered for 
all deaf-mutes. The deaf-mute himself does not know, perhaps: or. if he 
does, he may not be present to answer the enumerators in person: or he 
may be an uneducated deaf-mute, incapable of communicating with him. 
The presumption whch President Gallaudet supposes to be warranted, 
that "the whole 11,405 were persons who became deaf in adult life," is so 
violent as to amaze a statistician: and it is refuted by the fact that the 
ages of these very persons are known, and that a large percentage of them 
were still children when the census was taken. 

Equally surprising is the allusion to a single family in which three 
children were reported as deaf-mutes, who were not even deaf: as if an iso- 
lated fact of this description could establish, or even indicate, any con- 
clusion. Doubtless there are hundreds of persons listed as deaf-mules on 
the census rolls, who are not deaf. But there are hundreds of others, who 
are unquestionably deaf and dumb, whose names are omitted. It is an 
axiom in statistics, that the errors on one side must be presumed to be 
balanced by an equal number of errors on the other: else there could be 
no statistical reasoning whatever. 

Finally, as to the vaunted superiority of the Massachusetts census, far 
be it from me to deny it. But is not proved. I would respectfully suggest 
that, if the state of Massachusetts desires to put this question to a con- 
clusive test, and if it will produce its list of deaf-mutes, either in 1880 or 
in 1885, or in both years, for comparison, the United States list has been 
preserved, and the two can be compared, name by name. I wish that this 
might be done. But the apparent falling off in the number of deaf-mutes 
in 1885, in that state, is easily to be accounted for, on the ground that in 
the latter year an attempt was made to enumerate all the deaf, and many 
who were really deaf-mutes did not appear as such in the returns, because 
they were reported as deaf only. I apprehend that tho same cause is 
likely to lead to the same result in the federal census to be taken on the 
first day of next June. 

President Gallaudet unintentionally misrepresents my actual position on 
this whole question, in saying: "I quite agree with Mr. Wines that the ratio 
deduced from the figures' of 1870 is too low." I think that I have never 
said that. I am not aware that I have pointed at any previous census of 
the deaf the "finger of scorn," though I certainly have ridiculed previous 
censuses of pauperism and crime in this country. What I have said about 



12G 

the (loaf is that the fltrures of iSTd and of Jh^o cannot both Ite rifjht. Hut 
whicli will stand is, in my mind, as yet undetermined. Wt.> must wait 
and see wliat tlie census of 1S!)() will s low. If those who have it in charj^'e 
shall not e.xercisc the sani<' indomitable patience in diMectint^ and <'limi- 
natini,' errors which characterized the census of Iksu. the ran<j (H the deaf 
to llie total ijiipulation is likely to be larger than it was. after the neces- 
sary corrections had l»een made, ten years ago. A number of im|ir<»ve- 
mehts have been made in the schedule: and. unless confusion should arise 
in the minds of tlie enumerators as to the real distinction between the deaf 
and dumb and the deaf or dumb only, iwhich is not imitossible/, the census 
of IS'.U) ought tn settle this vexed question. Uut it must l)e ai)i)roached without 
prepossession tor or against any i)reconcoived ratio. It is dillicult to under- 
stand, in the absence of explanation, bow President (iallaudt-t arriv«*dat his 
decision to "'give Mr. Wines" half the apparent relative increase in the num- 
ber of tlie deaf. Ijut to refuse iiim the other half. So far as appears, he 
ventures a guess, which fn;iy be right or wrong. The Census Otiice can- 
not indulge itself in guessing. It is bound to use due diligence in elimi- 
nating all palpable or ascertainable errors, and, having done this, to state 
the facts as they appear in evidence. Any ciiarge that a different course 
was pursued in taking the last census of the deaf can be founded only in 
misapprehension. 

The Eleventh Census must be regarded as settlino- this con- 
troversy. Dr. Gallaudet thought the ratio found by Mr Wine.s 
in IbSO, namely 1 deaf-mute in 1,-180, too hi<>h. and sou<»:ht to 
prove that his own estimate of i to 1,^00 was nearer the trnth. 
But the census of 1890 makes the ratio 1 to 1.517. Between 
1,480 and 1,517, (both in the neio-hborhood of 1,500), the dif- 
ference is 14 in each million of the po])ulation. The actual num- 
ber of deaf-mutes found in ISlJOis only 1,002 le.'^s than it wonld 
have been by the ratio in 1880. 

But it must be remembered that, in the census of 1880. thei-e 
were 1,500 naiues added to the list of deaf-mutes by ])hysicians. 
Deductino- these fi-om tlie total number, (which was3:i,878), the 
remainder is 32.378, which was the number retnined by the 
enumeratoi's and accepted by Mr. Wines, after he had |)ni»::ed 
the list by sundry corrections for error. In the census of 1800. 
these additions by corfcsjxjndcnce with ])liysicians do not occuf. 
In order to a fair comparison, therefore, we mnst take the ratio 
based on 32,378, (which is 1 to 1,54:9), instead of 33, 8"8, (which 
is 1 to 1,480). On this basis, the census of 1890 shows a rel- 
atively larger nuiuber of deaf-mutes thin that of 1880, and if 
it also is erroueons, the error is even greater than that which 
Dr. Gallandet chari'es against Mr. A\'ines, whose work is thus 
successfully vindicated. 

Unt, which is stranger still, the census of 1 <S90 <;ives 1,589 as 
t lie nnmbei- of deaf-mutes in Massachu.setts. Mr. Wines reported, 
in 1 S80. oidy 978. That was one in 1.823 of the total popu- 
lation of that state. The state census of 1885 made the n un- 
ber 82<S. or one in 2,345. Dr. fJallaudel thereupon jtroclaimed 
his belief that the state census was "undoubtedly more accu- 
rate." And now comes the ntwv federal census, which makes thr 
ratio one in 1.409! On the basis of the ratio in !1885. the num- 
ber should have been 954 : on the basis of the ratio in 1880, it 
should have been 1.228; but it was 1,589, or relatively 28 pet- 
cent, higher than in 1880, and 37 per cent, higher than in 1885. 



127 

The census of the deaf in 1890 was not taken by Mr. Wines, 

but by Dr. John S. Billings, assisted by Mr. Olcott, who 

had immediate charge of the work; and, we believe, Professor 
K. A. Fay, of the National College for the Deaf, had some (.-oii- 
uection with it, at least of an advisory sort. 

Both in the Massachusetts census of 1885 and in the late 
federal census, the "'deaf" as well as the "deaf and dumb"" were 
enumerated. For this reason the comparison between them is 
more striking than that between the Massachusetts census and 
the federal census of 1880. 

It is a matter of no great consequence, but the observation is 
here pertinent, that this discussion well illustrates the practical 
impossibility of dispensing with the words ''deaf-mute" and 
"deaf and dumb,"' which it has been attempted to strike from 
the literature of this subject, if not from the dictionary. These 
expressions, although crude, awkward, and unsatisfactory, have 
a. detinite utility and are indispensable, when the necessity arises 
for the distinction which even Dr. Gallaudet and Dr. Bell were 
forced to make, in their testimony before the Koyal Commission. 
Without them they could not have made themselves understood. 
They are sanctioned by the best literary usage, they are tech- 
nical, and convey no false notion to students or scholars. To take 
offence at their employment is by no means a mark of "sweet 
reasonableness." The title, " The Illinois Institution for the Ed- 
ucation of the Deaf and Dumb," using this term in its purely 
technical sense, exactly expresses the character of that institu- 
tion. To call it "The Illinois Institution for the Education of 
the Deaf" would be to some extent a misnomer, since the edu- 
cation of "the deaf"- is not its purpose; it is designed for the 
education of a portion of "the deaf," but not for all of them; 
and there has as yet been invented no other expression which 
will describe that portion of "the deaf" entitled to its benefits. 



128 



CHAPTER V. 



THE COUNTY ALMSH()USP:S. 

We submit Mr. John W. Whipp's report of his official vinits 
of inspection to the county ahnshouses and jails. 

An examination of the almshouse reg-isters (omitting- from 
this statement the Cook county hos])itaK insane asylum iind de- 
tention hospital), shows that there were present: 

October i. 1883 S.916 

October 1. 1884 4.005 

April 1, 1887 ••.638 

April 1. 1888 4.868 

April 1 . 18^1• «.''t>6 

April 1. 1890 4,!ti»9 

January 1. 1891 '',235 

January 1, 1892 5.187 

Acconlini? to these figures the evil of pauperism is not grow- 
ino- rapidly. At the present time the numlx^r of paupers in 
almshouses increases vat the rate of about one hundred a year. 
Three-fiftiis of this increase is in Cook county. 

The total annual expenditure by the counties, for paupei- re- 
lief, has not vai-ied matei-ially in the past four or five years. 
In " .-87-8 (omittin<2,- certain Cook county institutions, as above) 
it was |1, 174,780:87; in 1889-90 it "was $1, 120. :>01 .(>(>: in 
181)'. it was ill, 178, 192.42. In the year lc91 the iimount ex- 
pended on the ('ounty farms was .|;4-r)5,903.57. but in out-door 
relief |722,288.8... 

If we add to these fi<iures the cost of the Cook county hos- 
])ital, *:-ll,7(>lll: the Cook county insane asylum. .119,'), "71 9.72, 
and the Cook (,'ounty detention hospital, .if().047.U(). the o-rand 
total of the pauper %iccount for 18!.'l was .fl ,591 .722.9 i, or 
about one-fourth more than the ordinai-y expenses of the state 
(•hai-ital)le Inst it at ions for the same period. 

Among- the eyeiils of imjjortance, during 1 he ]iast two years, 
i'e(*orde(l by .Mr. \\'hip|>, attention may he calli'd to the de- 
H]truction of the .lasper county almshouse l»y lire, the j)urchase 
of poor farms by the counties of .VIexander and Ford, and the 
erection of new almshouse's in Will county, and of a new insane 
department in Knox. He calls attention to insane persons in a 



129 

nude condition in Adams and Bond counties. lu Mason county 
lie saw a syphilitic male pauper chanp^ino; the underclothino- of 
a dyino- woman, also syphilitic, because no woman had the hu- 
manity to render her this service. In Shelby county he saw an 
idiotic boy, nineteen years of a^e, partially nude, in the airing- 
court with insane women. We are powerless to prevent similar 
abuses, but regard it as our duty to expose them when we know 
of their existence. The local public sentiment should be suffi- 
ciently intelligent and humane to secure their correction. 

Ad.-mvis County: — Visited June .2-7, 1892. 

Since last visit the management of this institution has been^ 
under investigation. The charges made of starvation and 
abuse of inmates and criminal intimacy of the superintendent 
with some of the female inmates were not sustained, but the 
investigation was of value, as many abuses practiced by em- 
ployes and those in authority were brought to thn attention of 
the' committee and the superintendent, Avhich otherwise would 
not have been brought to light. The three-story brick build- 
ing, 44x36 feet, mentioned in last report as being under con- 
tract, has been completed; it is an extension on the east of the 
insane department, and it contains a^ central coriidov on each 
floor with five rooms on each side, making thirty additional 
rooms. The building, with the heating apparatus, cost about 
18,000. A small frame barn, costing $100. has been con- 
structed, and a well some distance from the building has been 
drilled to a depth of 165 feet, which affords an abundance of 
Avater. The Avater is forced by a wind puni]) through pipes to 
a reservoir near the building, and elevated to a tank on the 
top of the building, from Avhich it flows to all parts of the 
building. This improvement cost |400. The front grounds are 
neatly kept. Chairs are needed in the dining-room. The sleep- 
ing-rooms are moderately well furnished. The rooms, beds and 
bedding Avere generally neatly kept and clean. The bedding and 
underclothing of inmates are changed weekly. The establish- 
ment is mostly heated by steam. The drain causes no trouble. 
The crops of 1891 were good, and a good crop is expected the 
present year. There Avere one hundred and fiA'e inmates present: 
they Avere fairly well clothed, tidy in their persons, and in good 
health. The food furnished is good and abundant. The visitor 
saw the inmates at breakfast, and they seemed to have a 
breakfast of variety and plenty. Attendants have been pro- 
vided for each sex. They seem to have done good work, as 
only one man was nude at the time of this visit. The floors 
and other woodwork in the insane department are kept clean. 

Alexander:— Fisz^ec? May 2, 1892. 

Since last visit the county of Alexander has purchased a farm, 
at Beach Ridge, two miles from Hodge's Park, which contains 
440 acres and cost f5,00(), and has erected a one-and-a-half- 
story frame building, 72^x28 feet, to be used as an almshouse. 

—9 P. C. 



i30 

The hnildiiiii" contains a dining i-oorn, wliioh oxtonds across tlie 
huildinji", and foui- loonis on (^adi side of a cetitral <<jrridor on 
tlu' first floor, and t'c^ur rooms on each side of a central corri- 
^lor on the second floor. Tiie dininp;-rooin is furnished with 
tables and chaiivs. The sleeping-rooms are each fuinisiied witli 
a chair, one stand and one iron liedstead with wire mattress. 
All the bedding and furniture are new. The house was opened 
foi- the reception of paupers about January 1, 1891;. The num- 
bei- of pau|)ers pi'esent was twelve. All are well clothed, well 
fed, and in good health. 

nos]r.— VJsite</ Muy 1'4, 1892. 

The building of this institution is fast deteriorating, and very 
little effort seems to have been made to keep it in condition. 
Some of the blinds are off and lying on the ground. General 
repairs and ]>aint are needed. Some of the floors have been 
repaired, but there is still room for improvement in the inside 
of the building. The dining-i'oom has a table and chairs. The 
sleeping looms are furnished with stands or tables and iron 
bedsteads. The bedding is in fair condition and clean. It is 
-change 1 weekly. There were eleven inmates present. These 
were poorly clothed, in good health generally, and are supplied 
Avith plenty of good food. The rooms are heated comfortably 
by stoves. An abundant supply of water is obtained from a 
weH and cistern. Four insane are constantly locked in their 
rooms. One insane was locked in a pen in an out building. 
He was nude. The stench in that building was sickening. It is 
an outrage to keep a human being in such a vile hole. The 
ikee|)er stated that it did no good to use deodorizers, as they 
miade the stench worse. The visitor would suggest a remedy, 
and that is fii-e. It ought to be burned to the ground. The 
•county physician visits when called. The grounds of this insti- 
tution are mostly cultivated as a garden, and yielded plenti- 
fully last year, but the ])rosj)ect for this year is not good. 

\\oos\^/.— Visited August /.'7, 1902. 

This county does not own an almshouse. VI i-. (\ C. Leach, 
whose residence is tiv^e miles northwest of lielvidere, cares for 
all the inmates the county may send him for the sume of ^850 
])er annum. The buildings are poor, but in fair condition. The 
walls and ceilings of the rooms have been recently whitewashed 
the the floors were clean. The inmates dine in the farm build- 
ing. The sleeping rooms have each a table, a chair, and an 
iron bedstead with wire mattress. The bedding was ch^an, good 
and tidil\- kept; it is chang<'d weekly. The rooms are comforta- 
bly heated by stoves and the water supply is fi-om a well. There 
•were six inmates ])resent; they wcM-e moderately well clothed, in 
good health, and cleanly in tluMi' persons. Some im))rovement 
an regard to cleanlin(\ss has taken place since Inst visit. 



Bro\\n:— Visiter! June 23. 1SU2. 

The buildino^s in this institution were in o:ood repair. Tlie 
•wainscoting: of the dining and sleepino^-rooms, which were har- 
bors for vermin, have been removed, and the walls plastered and 
papered, and a barn, which cost f o75. has been erected since 
last visit. The rooms, beds and bedding are kept clean and 
tidy. The beddino- is chan^^ed weekly. The institution needs 
more furniture. Benches are used as seats in the inmates' din- 
inp:-room. The bedsteads in use are of wood and troublesome 
to keep clean. There were thirteen inmates present; they were 
moderately well clothed, and keep themselves clean and tidy. 
The food furnished gives satisfaction. None were sick. The 
rooms are heated comfortably by stoves. The water supply is 
from a well and cistern. The county physician visits the alms- 
house when called. The keeper stated that the general health 
of the inmates had been good, and that there had been no oc- 
casion to call the physician for several months. The farm pro- 
duced abundantly last year and promises well for this year. 

Bureau:— FisifecZ August 11, 1892. 

The buildings were in fair condition, except the old part of 
the main building, which is more dilapidated than at previous 
visit. The walls, ceilings, and floors of the hospital building 
and of the dining-room have been painted since last visit. The 
superintendent seems to be doing the best that can be done 
with these old buildings, hoping that the county board will 
soon determine to erect suitable ones. The dinino-.rooms are 
supplied with chairs. The sleeping-rooms each have a chaii*, a 
stand, and a wood bedstead. These bedsteads are generally old 
and difficult to keep free of vermin. The walls, floors, and bed- 
ding were clean and tidy. The bedding is changed weekly There 
were sixty-three inmates present, of whom sixteen were children 
under sixteen years of age. A poor-house is not a proper place 
for such children. A day school is kept during the school year 
and a Sunday school, but the children should be placed in homes 
and not remain in a place where they mav be contaminated by 
such surroundings. The inmates are well clothed, generally 
cleanly, and in good health. They are provided with an abund- 
ance of good food. The rooms are well heated by stoves. The 
water supply is from a well, pumped by a wind-mill to a tank 
and from which it is conveyed to the different buildings. The 
farm crops last year were good, and the farm promises an 
abundance this year. It is hope! that the county authorities 
will immediately take steps toward the ei'ection of new buildings. 

Calhoun:— Fisited June 13, 1892. 

This county was not visited by Mr. Whipp, when he was in 
that vicinity, on account of the high water. The county clerk 
visited the almshouse, and made the following report: The con- 
dition of the building on the outside was good and the rooms 
were in fair condition. The dining-room is furnished with chairs, 



132 

stools and Ix'iitlu's. The sleepinn;.rooins hail no furniture except 
the bpcis. The bi'ddiu^i,- was elcau and in <!;ood condition. It \h 
chan<i-.'d weekly. The rooms arc heated by stoves and 1 he water 
supply is from a well and cistern. There were eleven inmates 
present. These wei-c fairly well clothed, in ^-ood health, and 
\\iA\ satistied with the f(jod pi-ovided for them. The crops of 
181)1 were good, and the pros])ect for the present year is <i()od. 

CAiiROLL.:—JlsitecI August IS, 1802. 

Siuc' last visit the roof has been repainted and new tloors 
have been laid in some parts of the basement. The buildings, 
on the outside, wei-e in good repaii-. The walls and ceilings of 
the corridors and rooms still j-etain the api)earance of newness. 
and the tloors show that labor is not s])ared in kee])ing them 
clean. The inmates liave chairs to sit on at the dining table.. 
The sleeping-rooms each have a chair, a stand, and an iron 
bedstead. The bedding in all the rooms was found to be clean, 
tidily kept, and in good condition; it is changed once each week. 
The new building is heated by steam, but not perfectly: the ajj- 
paratus is too small. The older buildings are heated by stoves. 
The water supply for drinking ])urp()ses comes from a cistern. 
.\ tank in the attic, which is sui)])lied by water fi-om a well, has 
hose connections on each hall of the ujipei- and lower floors. 
The drain works well. The crops of 1891 weie ])lentiful. and 
the ])rospect for the ])resent year is good. Thei-e were twenty- 
thi-ee inmates present. Two male inmates were injured on the 
railioad. One of them, while asleej) on or near the track, was 
knoked over by a locomotive, and did not awake until the 
following morning, when he found himself at the almshouse. 
Neither of them were seriously injured. The insane man, who 
at last visit was locked u|) when not at work, is still insane 
;ind subj(^(t to the same conditions. The county physicians 
make lingular calls once each week, and oftener when necessary. 
The inmates have plenty of good wholesome food: they are fairly 
well clothed, generallj' cleanly in th 'ir pei-sons and in the enjoy- 
ment of health. 

Cass: — r/.s/'/eJ .Inw L\ 1S02. 

This almshouse has been i-epainted and was found to be in 
good condition on the outside. The walls of the rooms were 
clean and white, and the Moors wei'c well scrublnMl. The walls of 
the mens sitting-room hax'e been painted and th<' ])las1eriiig re- 
l)air(>d. The dining and sitting-i-ooms are each furnished with 
chairs and the men's sleeping-iooms are each pi-ovided with a 
chair and a wooden bedstead; the women's i-ooms aic each fur- 
nisheil with a, stand, chair, ami a wooden bedstead. The bed- 
ding in the men's rooms was cle.ni and in fair condition, and 
that used by the women was clean and neatly kept; it is changed 
weekly. The building is heated by a, furnace. The water sup- 
ply is from a \v(»ll. which furnishes an abundance. Thei-e were 
nine innuites jtresent, all fairly well cloth«'d and w«Ml fed, and 



133 

generally in good health. The county physician only visits 
when called. This farm produces abundantly and promises well 
for this year. This almshouse is kept neat and clean and the 
inmates seem to be well cared for. 

CHAMPAiGyi:— Visited June 9, 1892 

Since last visit a bake- oven has been erected, and a steam 
boiler, for use in cookint>' and washing, has been placed in posi- 
tion and is now in use; and an airing-court has been constructed 
in the rear of the old insane building. Chairs have been pur- 
chased and placed in the dining-rooms and bed-rooms. The 
men's sitting-room has no chairs, but benches are used. The 
buildings were found to be in fair condition on the outside, and 
the walls of the rooms were clean and white; the floors show 
the frequent use of soap and water. The bedsteads U3ed are of 
iron. The bedding was clean and in good condition, except that 
in the insane department, which it is impossible to keep clean 
on account of the filthy inmates. The insane department still 
throws out an offensive odor. The dining and sitting-rooms are 
heated comfortably by stoves. The sleeping-rooms are not 
heated. The water supply is taken fi'om a well. The cellar has 
been flooded with water for the last few months, but the drain 
now performs its office, and the cellar is nearly dry. Farm crops 
in 1891 were good, and the prospect for this year is fair. There 
w-ere thirty-one inmates present. They are fairly well clothed, 
well fed, and in good health generally. The superintendent says 
that it is almost impossible to compel them to keep themselves 
clean. The county physician visits when called. 

Christian:— Fisifec? June 3, 1892. 

Since the last visit to this institution, a one story frame build- 
ing 16x18 feet has been erected in the rear of the main building, 
for the use of the inmates as a dining-room. The buildings were 
found to be in good condition, and the wa'ls of the rooms were 
clean and white and the floors show that they are frequenth^ 
scrubbed. The dining-room is furnished with chairs and a bench, 
and the sleeping rooms are provided with chairs, tables, and 
wood bedsteads. The bedding was in good condition and clean ; 
it is changed weekly. The rooms occupied by the female inmates 
were neat and tidy, but those occupied by the men were not so 
neatly kept. The rooms are comfortably heated by stoves. The 
water used is from a well and cistern, but the supply was not 
equal to the demand last year. Last year the crops were good, 
but the pi'ospect for this year is not favorable. There were ten 
inmates present; they were fairly well clothed, cleanly in their 
persons, and generally in good health. The food furnished is 
good farm-house fare and the house and inmates have excellf-nt 
■care. Everything is kept in first-class condition. Dust and dirt 
are not allowed to remain. 



134 

Clakk:— r/.s77fv/ M.tv L>4, 1.s'jl\ 

Tho |)(ior of tliis couiitv who rt'(|iiiic lioiiso care are kept by 
Mr-. J'M\vai-(l Hciihest, on hi.s ])lace, one and a (jiiaiiei- inileH 
sontlieast of the oonit house. The Iniihlinji- is in ^•oo(l <-on(iition 
and clean, and the inmates are well cared for. The dining-room 
is furnished with tables and benches. The sleepin*^ rooms have 
chairs, stands and wood bedsteads. The beddin<>- is clean and 
in oood condition. It is chanoed wi ekly. The food furnished is 
ji'ood and abundant. There wei-e twentv-eiji'ht inmates ]>r»'st^nt. 
These were faiily well cIoIIkmI and <;»'n<*i-ally in liood hnallh. The 
county ])hysi(ian visits only when called. 

C\.\\:— Visit I'd Mny 18, 189'J. 

The biiildiniis of this almshouse need paintiii|[>' inside and out- 
side. They are deterioiatino-. Xothin<>- seems to have been done 
by way of rej^airs since the buildings were new. All the walls 
and ceilinp:s aie black with a<i,e and smoke. The house contains 
\^vy ittle furniture, and that of the poorest descriptioti. The 
dininn'-i-oom furniture consists of a table and some venerabh* 
worn-out chairs. Tlu' furniture in the slee])in<i-rooms consist of 
chairs, stands and bedste.ids of wood or iron. The walls of the 
rooms need uhitewashino- and the floors scrubbinji,-. There were 
twelve inmate- present, and they we e poorly clothed. One of 
the inmates stated that he had been at the poor house a lon«>,- 
time and that all the clothinji; he had had while beinj;- there 
was clothin<>; that had been worn by others, and was nearly 
worn out when it came to his hands. He also stated that nearly 
all the women had been barefooted all last winter. The inmates 
had a shabby look and were not particularly clean in their per- 
sons. 'J'he food furnished is o-ood and plenty. The building' is 
heated by stoves, but cannot be luxated comforlably during 
severe weather. An abundant water supply is obtained from a 
well anfl a cistern. Bed-bugs infest the wooden bedsteads and 
the walls of the rooms. The farm crops of 1891 were good, but 
the pi-ospect for a cro]) this year is poor. 

(yM.NTo.v: — Visited May 17, ISirj. 

Ther<» has been no change or im|)r()V(>ments at this almshouse 
since last visit. Mrs. Vei-ena Bross, who has had charge of the 
almshouse foi- a number of yeais, has i-etired, and has lieen 
succeeded by Mr. .loscjih Machlmann. The buihliug was found 
to b(» in fair condition, I he I'ooms cleaidy and generally neatly 
ke])t. The dining-ro<im is furnished with tables and benches; 
the sle(>ping-i-()oms have chairs and iron or wood b(>dst(>ads. 
The bedding in tlH> men s i-ooms is in poor condition and might 
be much iniju-oved as to cleaidiness. Tlie bcMlding in the women's 
rooms is in fail- comlitioTi, clean ami tidy. The bedding is 
changed wcH'kly. There were eleven inmat(>s ])i'es(Mit. They were 
fairly well clothed, cleaidy in appearance, and genei'ally ii> goo<l 
health. They ar(» furnished with ])l(Mity of g;ood food. The 
rooms are he.ited 1)3' stoves. \n abundant watei- supjdy is ob- 



135 

tained from two wells and one cistern. The wheat crop of 1891 
was <2,oo(l, but the corn was poor. The prospect for the present 
year is good. The county physic an visits tlie almshouse O'nljr 
when called. 

Colics:— Visited June S, 1892. 

Since the date of last inspection new floors have been laid iu^ 
the hall, sittino; rooms and kitchen. A small closet has been 
partitioned off from the rear room of the buildino-, for use as a 
bath-room, and a bath-tub furnished. The bath-tub has not 
pipe connections, and has to be tilled by carryiuii' water from 
the pump. It is supposed that, before the introduction of this 
tub, many of the inmates had not had a thorough wash for ten 
years. The rooms of the building were in fair condition; the 
walls have been recently whitewashed and the floors well 
scrubbed. The dining-room is furnished with a few chairs, but 
most of the inmates are seated at the table on benches. The 
sleeping-rooms have chairs and wood and iron bedsteads: the 
women's rooms are provided with stands or tables. The bed- 
ding was found to be in fair condition, and is changed weekly. 
The building is heated comfortably by stoves. A well supplies 
an abundance of water. Farm crops last year were good, but 
the, prospect for this year is poor. There were twenty eight in- 
mates present; they were fairly well clad, cleanly in their per- 
sons, and generally in good health. The food furnished is good 
and abundant. The countj^ physician visits o 'casionally and 
when called. The county au1:horities are consideiing the pro- 
priety of selling the county farm, and purchasing one near 
Mattoon. 

Cook County Almshouse:— 7is/fec7 August 1, 1892. 

This institution is an infirmary as well as an almshouse. 
There were 1,041 inmates present, of whom about 500 were sick 
or disabled. The inmates were fairly well clothed and were 
cleanly in their persons, except the helpless and the feeble-minded. 
They seem to have an abundance of good food. Eight of the 
male inmates and four of the female inmates came from the old 
country within the last t\velve months. Mr. George S. Sawyer 
is the business manager of the institution, and Dr. H. E. Dodge 
has the oversight of the institution and inmates. Since last visit, 
two new wards in pavilions Nos. J. and 2 have been finished, each 
having a capacity for sixty beds ; fire escapes to the fourth story 
of each pavilion have been erected ; new floors have been laid in 
six wards, all the wood work has been painted, the walls of the 
corridors and some of the wards have been painted to the ceil- 
ing, and the walls of the other wards have been painted to the 
height of five feet. The lying-in cottage has been painted re- 
peatedl.y, and new floors laid ; a new dynamo and engine have 
been purchased and additional electric lights put in; a slaughter 
house and piggery have been constructed ; a small operating 
room has been arranged on the second floor. A steam-fitter's 



136 

sho]) has htM'ii tilli'il ii]) in tin* oltl t'iii:in<' li()ii>(^; tlie jrroniKls 
liave b»HMi iiiii)r()V('(| and i.lO trj'cs planted. rxMiclics arocliietly 
used in the diiiinn-rooms. 'i'he slee|)iny,- looms are fiiiiiished with 
fhairH, stands and iron bedsteads; '.\.'A) of tlie iron bedsteads 
have wire nuittresses. The beds and be(hlii)<i- were clean, and in 
<;ood eondition; tlie beddino- is ehan<»:ed weekly. This establish- 
ment is heated by steam, and an abundant supply of water is 
obtained from two artesian wells. The supei-inteudent stated 
that liee and bedbuiis have taken their departure. .Ml t!ie floors, 
of the corridors and waids show fre(]uent scrubbing: and were 
tidily kept. A lar*i-e Tiumber of the inmates are sent here from 
the county hospital, bein^ chronic cases or disabled. Such ]>er- 
sons have everv attention, and the regular paupers are well cared 
for. 

Cook Colntv Insank .\sYi^t:M:— ]'/.s7Ye*'/ August 7, l<^9i\ 

The Cook County Insane Asylum and the Infirmary are now 
under the superintendency of Mr Georjie S. Sawyer, who attends 
to the business matters relatiup; to both institutions, and Dr. 
Arthur Loewy, is in charjie of the asylum as medical director. 
Durino- the last two years new floors have l)een laid in nearly 
all the rooms of the different wards of the main building- and 
the walls and ceilin<;s i)ainted. The walls of the corridors and 
stairways have also been painted; verandas, or fire-escapes, simi- 
lar to those on the north wino-. have be;^n placed on the east, 
west and south sides of the main buildinji" glass has been ]»laced 
in the doors of the southeju entrance, which fi'ives more light to 
the entrance corridor; a cooling-room foi- meats, liy ammonia 
process, and a store-room with dormitories for woi-kmen. have 
been erected; four cottages, three for females and one for males, 
have been com]ilete(l. The cottages are each two stories above 
the basement and each have a ca])acity for fifty inmates. These 
<'ottages have bath-rooms, lavatories and watc^r-dosets, and all 
the corridors, rooms, etc., are lighted by electric light: stone 
pavement has been laid along the front of the cottages. 
The grounds in front of the cottages have been laid out in 
driveways, lawn and flower beds. Tliei-e were 808 insane in- 
mates ]»resent. They were fairly well clothed, tienerallv cleanly 
in their persons and in good health, .vbout 100 inmates are 
filthy in their habits and (lis])osed to disrobe. Iron bedsteads 
with wire mattres.ses are used bv all ])atients. The bedding was 
found to be <'lean and in good condition; it is changeil weekly 
and as often as nece.ssary. The foo<l furnished seems to be sat- 
isfactory. The whole establishment is heated comfortably by 
steam. \n abundant watei- supply is obtained from two artesian 
wells, pumped by steam "The rooms and cori'idois of the build- 
ings are w<'ll ventilated, excei»t wards B .'> and (' :, in which a 
disagreeable odoi- was found. Many of the inmat<»s are employcnl 
in the different industi-ies. Tli(> females do sewing, nm.ke rugs 
anil weave cai']»e1s. The males make broonu., matti-esses. re|)air 
fiirnitui-e. woik in the tin-shop. bakei'V, Uitcheii, laiindry and on 



137 

the o-i'ouuds. The removal of so many patients to tlie state 
hospitals has been a great relief to this institution. It was 
crowded to excess two years ago, while now there is plentj^ of 
room. A whole ward may be vacated at one time, without in- 
convenience, and thus allow repairs or renovating without dis- 
turbing the patients. The patients seem to have good care and 
attention. 

Cook County Detention Hospital: — Visited July 27, 1892 

Since last visit to this county a three-story brick building, 
with stone trimmings. 100x40 feet with wings extending 40 feet 
on the north and south ends, have been erected. The structure 
is located at the corner of Wood and Pope streets, on the 
grounds of the county hospital. The central part contains on 
the first floor the entrance corridor, with an office room on the 
south side, a reception room on the north side, and stairways 
leading to the upper fioors and basements on the west side. 
On the second floor of the central part is the court-room, in 
which inquests relating to insanity are held. The first and sec- 
ond floors of the wings are for the occupancy of patients, and 
the third floor is for the occupancy of dependent children and 
their attendants. The south wings are occupied by female pa- 
tients. The fii'st floor contains a corridor, which runs south 
and west, four rooms for patients, three rooms for attendants, 
a dining-room, bath-room, lavatory and water-closet. The sec- 
ond floor contains six rooms for patients, three rooms for at- 
tendants, a sitting-room, bath-room, lavatory, water-closet and 
store-room. The north wings are occupied by male patients. 
The corridors of each floor are similar to those o^" the south 
wings. I'he first floor contains eight rooms for patients, two 
rooms for attendants, a bath-room, lavatory, water-closet and 
sitting room. The third floor contains corridors similar to 
those on the floors below. The north and south ends of this 
floor each have a sitting-room and dormitory. The boys occu- 
py the north end and the girls the south end. The superintend- 
ent of this department stated that the provision made for this 
class is not half large enough, and that he was compelled to 
send the older boys to the House of correction. 

The Detention Hospital was opened Februar^^ 1, 1892. The 
number admitted to this date is 581, of that number 145 were 
rejiarded as not insane, or quiet and easily cared for, and were 
returned to their families. There were 18 patients present 
awaiting trial. Eight of them were males and ten were females. 
The institution was found to be complete and well equip])ed 
with new furniture in every department. The rooms and cor- 
ridors were models of cleanliness, and everything about the in- 
stitution was as tidy as possible. The inmates seemed to be 
tenderlv cared for. 



188 

Cook County Hospitm.:— Visited July -7. l.'^i)-. 

Since la.st visit to this institution, the steps in front of tlie 
adininistiation buildin*:: have l)een removed and an ai'ch fon- 
stiucted under the tower house, the ex))ense of which was 
$2,1 r>(); a n(Mv d.vnaino room has been constiucted. and en<rines 
and dynamos have been purchased, which will cost .iJ^H.UOO: a 
n)or<j,ue has been erected, which cost fBOjOCO; an ojx'ii corridor 
or veranda lias been constructed at tlie southeast corner of the 
buildin<!;, connecting- with the second floor, for the use of small 
children. The oiieninj^s in the floors of the pavilions jind all 
throuoh the basement, which were formerly used for drainnge 
and as spittoons, were discovered by the present warden to 
have no traps, and the sewer p,as had free access to all parts 
of the buildino'. The o])enin.f!,s in the floors of the pavilions 
have been closed, and traps placed in the necessary openinjj^s. 
Diphtheria was quite prevalent all throufjjh the liospital. and 
mnny wlio came to be cured of one disease contracted another. 
Since the oi)enin<»s have been closed there has been vei-y little 
diphtheiia. The waiden also found that the cold-air ducts to 
some of tlie buildinos were entirely stopped, and the valves, 
which should be used to regulate the supply, had never been 
used at all, and were so rusty that it was necessary to use a 
crowbar to open them. The warden stated that the valves 
have been removed, and now fresh air can be thrown into the 
wards. A foui'-story brick l)nildino: was in cour.se of ei-ection at 
the time of this y'xhM. Tlie first three floors will have ca- 
pacity for 250 patients, and the fourth floor will be u.^ed as a 
contagious ward, with sejjarate entrance and elevator for such 
diseases as scarlet fever, diphtheria and other contagious dis- 
eases, except small-pox cases, which will he .sent to the pest- 
house. The estimated cost of the building is .185,720.79. 
Thei-e wei-e 727 inmates present, of whom 584 were males and 
193 females. 



The number of patients on hand January 1, 1891, was , 
Th«^ iiumbei adinittod— 

Malt' luc'diial i:a-e.s 

Female " " 

Male .surgical " 

Female " " 

Ob.stettieal " 

Gynaoeolotrii-al " 

Children (121 medical and 07 surgical oases) 



Cases discharj^ed, rcoovcred, improved, oto 
Deaths 



Romaininc January 1, 18;i2 
Dady averase for ihe year 



4,082 

l,14!t 

2,fi«» 

3X5 

345 

218 



8,096 
1.0<t9 



57» 



9,241 



9.814 
9,10& 



70» 
(354 



The institution seems to be in excellent hands. The patients 
ai'e well and Icndei'ly cared for. and the warden seems to bi^ a 
practical man and thoi-oiiu'lily understands his business. Such 
men are valuable at institutions of such maiiiiitude, and ought 
not to be removed to give place to politicians. 



139 

Cu.wxfohd:— Visited May 21, 1892. 

Since last visit the plastering in the building; has been repaired 
and the leak stopped, and a crib and granary have been erected. 
The rooms were found to be in fair condition, the walls white, 
and the floors clean, with the exception of a room occupied by 
a filthy inmate. The plastering is off in some places. The 
furniture of this establishment is of the poorest description and 
there is very little of it. The dining-room contains a home-made 
table covered by an oilcloth, two chairs, and some soft pine 
benches, but not enough to seat the inmates. The sitting-room 
contained a few chairs. The sleeping-rooms have wooden bed- 
steads, which are alwa.ys densely populated. The bedding is 
not in good condition, but is kept clean; it is changed weekly 
and in some cases oftener. The building is comfortably heated 
by stoves. The water supply is from a well and cistern, and i& 
abundant. Bedbugs have possession of the walls of the build- 
ing. Thei'e were ten inmates present; they were in the enjoy- 
ment of health and were poorly clothed. The food fui-nished i» 
abundant and satisfactory. The county physician visits only 
when called for. The crops of 1891 were good. The prospect 
for this year for small grain is good, but it is feared that corn 
will be a failure. 

Cumberland:— Fisi^ec/ May 24, 1892. 

No improvement has been made at this institution since last 
visit. The keeper who had charge of the establishment at the 
time of last visit has retired and sold out the furnituie and 
bedding to the present keepers. "Men may come and men may 
go," but the old bedsteads and bedding seem to hang on for- 
ever. There is no furniture worthy of the name. The bedsteads 
are of wood and o-enerations old; the bedding is partly in 
tatters, and the chairs seem ready to take a rest. The bedding 
was clean. It is changed weekly. There were fourteen inmates 
present; they are all well fed, fairly well clothed, and seemed to 
be in good health. The rooms are heated by stoves and plenty 
of good water is obtained from a well. The crops last year 
were poor, and the prospect for this year is not favorable. The 
county should erect a good building for use as an almshouse. 
The present building looks from the outside like a good build- 
ing, but it is nothing but a shell, and the inside is a black 
dreary hovel. 

DeKat.b:— Fi.sifec? Aufrnst 2o, 1892. 

The buildings of this almshouse were found to be in good re* 
pair. The walls and ceilings of the rooms and halls were white 
and clean, and the floors show repeated scrubbing. Inmates 
are seated on chairs at the dining table. The sleeping-rooms 
are each furnished Avith a chair and a wood bedstead. The bed- 
ding was found to be clean and in excellent condition; it is 
changed weekly. The store room was well stocked with cloth- 
ing. The rooms are comfortably heated by stoves. An abund- 



140 

ant sup|»ly of water is olilaiiicd fi(jiii a well, jaunjx'd bv a wind- 
mill to a tank, from wliidi it Hows into the kitchen an«l to a 
liydrant at the door. Hedhutis find no abiding- place h(Me. The 
crops last year wei-e abundanl and the prospect for this year 
is <«ood. 'Ihe county idivsician visits oidy when called. Twenty- 
six inmates were present; they are faiily well clothed, well fed. 
g-enerally cNnmly in their persons and in "lood health. The use 
of the old i)uildin^', in the lear of the main l»uil<liii<i-. in which 
the troubles(^me insane wei-e kept, has been disroniiniUMl. NO 
im])rovements have been made since last visit. 

DkW ITT:— Visited September .7, 1S92. 

Sixteen inmates were present at this almshouse; they were 
fairly well clad, p:enei'ally cleanly in their persons, and in li-ood 
health. The food provided is «iood farm-house fare. A larj^e 
sup|)ly of bacon was stoi'ed in the smoke-house. Since last visit 
<j,eneral i-epairs have taken ])la<e; a brick smoke-house has been 
erected, a porch, the width of the buildin<i'. has been built on 
the east side of the building occupied by male inmates; new 
floors have been laid in the hall and in some of the rooms oc- 
cupied by females, and some of the rooms in the men's building 
have been wainscoted and painted. The buildings are hard to 
keep in re])air. The old flooi's and stairways are worn out. 
The walls and ceilings of the halls and I'ooms wei-e newly white- 
washed and the floors show frequent sci'ubbing. Chans should 
take the place of the benches in the dining- and sitting-i-ooins. 
The inmates are mostly all old persons ami ne -d the sujjport 
that chairs would give. The sleeping-rooms are furnished with 
chairs and wood bedsteads. The bedding was clean and in good 
condition. A supply of new blankets and comforters is ke])t on 
hand in the store-ioom. The bedding is changed weekly. The 
rooms are comfoi-tably heated by stoves. The uppei- i-ooms 
in the women's department are heated frou) below through reg- 
isters in the floors. The watei- supply is from two wells and two 
cistei-ns, and is abundant. The farm crops last year were good, 
but there ^vill not be much of a cro]) this \ear. The county 
physician visits once a week and when needed This institution 
is nearly self-sustaining, and the cost to the county last year, 
including repairs, etc., was only f :>8r).S(). A new almshouse is 
needed, as the present structures are woni-oul. badly arranged, 
and unlit for u.se. 

l)()r(iL.\s:— r/.s/'/pr/ ,//;/;e 7. ISUl'. 

A small frame barn, which cost about ."j^.'^riO. has b(»en 
erected .since last visit. The iuiildings occupied b\' the ]»auj>ers 
are small, one-story fiame houses, and pooily arranged. The 
house occupied by nuile paujters is about l(M) \ards distance 
from the I'esidence of the female pan))(Ms. The houses show 
much wear, but they aic kept <leaii. and the walls were found 
to be newly whitewashed. Th(> pauptMs have chairs in the dining- 
and sitting-i'ooms. The sleej)ing-rooms of the women contain 
iron bedsteads with ii-oii matti-esses. 'I'lie men's i-ooms ha\'ewood 



141 

and iron bedsteads. The bedding was clean and in good condi- 
tion and is changed once a week. The rooms are heated by 
stoves. An abundant water supply is obtained from a well. 
There were eleven inmates present. They wei'e fairly well clothed, 
cleanly in their persons, and in good health generally. The food 
furnished is good and abundant. The farm crops of last year 
were good, but the prospect for this year is rather gloomy. 
The county physician visits when called. The county should 
erect an almshouse with all the modern improvements, as 
the old buildings are about worn out. 

BuFxaE-.— VisitecI Augmt 20, 1892. 

The building of this institution was in good repair on the out- 
side, and the grounds have been graded and laid out in walks 
and lawn. The walls and ceilings of the rooms and corridors 
were white as if new, and the floors show repeated scrubbing. 
The dining-room is furnished with chairs, and the sitting-room 
has chairs and settees. The sleeping rooms each have a chair, 
a stand, and an iron bedstead, with wire mattress. The bedding- 
was in excellent condition, clean and tidily kept. There were 
fourteen inmates present; they are well fed, fairly well clothed, 
clean and neat in their persons, and in good health. The insti- 
tution is satisfactorily heated by steam. An abundance of water 
is pumped from a well to tanks in the attic. This almshouse is 
nearlv self-sustaining. The cost of maintenance to the county 
was 1830.43. The receipts, from towns, was |1.101.53, from 
products, |1..">2T.23; the expenditures from these receipts 
amounted to f 1,948. 47. The farm crops last year were ^ood. 
and the prospect for this year is fair. The amount expended by 
the towns, for pauper relief, except the amount paid to the alms- 
house, could not be ascertained, as the towns have made no re- 
port of such expenditure to the county clerk. 

Y.T)GX\v.— Visited June 8, 1802. 

The buihlings of this institution appeared to be in good con- 
dition. The walls of the rooms are clean and white, and the 
floors are frequently scrubbed. The dining- and sitting-rooms 
are furnished with chairs, and the sleeping-rooms are each pro- 
vided with a chair, a table, and a bedstead of wood, or of iron 
Avith wire bottom. The bedding was geneially in good condition, 
clean and tidily kept, especially in the rooms occupied by fe- 
males. The bedding in the insane department was in fair con- 
dition, and the rooms clean. The water-closets are, at times, 
odorous in this department. Stoves are used for heating, ex- 
cept in the insane department, which is heated by steam. The 
county ph3^sician visits once each week, and when called. There 
were thirty-six inmates present. They were fairly well clothed, 
cleanly in their persons, and in good health generally. The food 
furnished seems to give satisfaction. The farm crops for 1891 
were good, and the prospect for this year is the same. 



142 

Edwards:— F/.s/>fif7 M.ir 2(f, 1<S!>l\ 

TliHi'G is still a scaiT-ity of furiiituro in this iustitut i(jn. The 
iliniiifi-rooin is furnished with a table and some old chaiis. Tin' 
sleejjin^' i-oonis have similar chaii's, and worn-out wood bt*d- 
«teads. whieh are dnnselv ])opulated with bu<»*s. The bedding- is 
in bad condition and is not I'eniai'kable foi" its fleanliness. 
There were s<'ven inmates present: they wcrn ])oorly ehjtlicd and 
not tidy or cleanly in apj)eai-ance. Thev were {ienerally in ^ood 
health. The food furiushed is i^ood and al)undant. The county 
authorities should ]>r()vide more chairs, stands and bedbug 
proof bedsteads, and also furnish new Ijeddinj!;. The bed-pest 
seems to have taken possession of the builditie-s; the wainscot- 
in<>' of the rooms swarm with them, and theie is danger of their 
<-arryiufi- off the buildin<2,-. 

EFFiyiGRXM:— Visited May 1^4, 18i)L\ 

This almshouse was found to be in good condition on the 
outside, and in fair condition on the inside. The plastering is 
off in a few places. The dining-room is furnished with tables 
and benches. The sleeping-rooms each have a chair, stand, 
table and a wooden bedstead. The bedding was found to be in 
fair order and clean : it is changed weekly. There were eight 
inmates present. They are well fed, fairly well clothed, and 
seemed to be in good health. The buildings are heated by 
«toves. The water supply is from a well, which yi<'lds an 
abundant supply. The physician visits when called for. The 
farm crops for 1891 wei-e poor, and the prospect for this year 
is rather gloomy. 

Fayette:— Visited 3/ar 2n, 1892. 

No fault can be found in the appearance of the buildings on 
the outside, but the condition on the inside of the buildings is 
wretched, and the repoi-t made two years ago as to its fitness 
for housing human beings, is still true. The floors are kejit 
clean, and the walls are frequently whitewasheil. but no amount 
of labor will make the place look decent or comfoi'table. The 
walls and wood bedsteads ai-e alive with bedltugs. The dining- 
room is supplied with tables, chairs and benches. The slee|)ing 
rooms have chairs and iron or wood bedsteads. The bedding is 
in fair condition and clean, except in the rooms of thehllhy in- 
mates. The bedding is changed weekly. There were twenty in- 
mates pi-esent. They were i)oorly clothed, but cleaidy. and in 
good health g(Mieia,lly. The food furnished is good and |)lenty. 
The rooms are h<'at<M| by stoves. An abunda.nt watei- supply is 
obtained from a well, i'lie fafui crops last year wer(> good. 
The prospect for small grain is good, but it is feared thai corn 
will be a failure. It is lioi)!'d that the present ndserable apology 
for an almshouse will be destroyed, and a building worthy of 
the n.'inie will b(> erected. 



143 

FoRj):— Visited J uJy 7, 1S92. 

P^ord county has no almshouse in operation at present, but 
the county has purchased a farm, wliich is located two and a 
half miles south of Paxton. The farm contains one hundred 
and sixty acres, aud cost fo,000. The county intends erectino- 
an almshouse building; on the farm, and provide for paupers 
who require house care. The committee on paupers report as 
follows: -'Your cotnmittee, to whom was referred the investi- 
gation of the paupers and insane of this county, would respect- 
fully submit the followino-: That there are in the county, as 
reported to us in November. 1891, fourteen persons dependent 
entirely on the county for support , eighty-six persons partially 
supported. Five insane persons are now cared for in private 
families and in Kankakee county poorliouse. We find the ex- 
penses for the year ending September, 1801, were for: 



Doctor bills 

Medicines 

•Care of the insane. 
•Groceries, coal, etc. 

Total 



$005 50 

S84 ri6 

128 00 

3,772 97 



,191 13 



Franklin:— Fisitefy April 28, 1892. 

Since last visit the roof of the old log building fell in, and 
the house has been removed. A. one-story frame building, 30x „6, 
with an "L'.' 20x14, containing three rooms in all, has been 
erected and is occupied by the superintend^'nt. The other build- 
ings still remain and are in a dilapidated condition and not fit for 
occupancy. One of the inmates was found to be in a dying 
condition, at the time of this visit, and a large proportion of 
the remainder were confined to their beds with rheumatism and 
chills. The dining-room is furnished with a table and chairs. 
The sleeping-rooms have each one chair, one table and a wood 
bedstead. The bedding consists of a straw mattress or feather 
beds, and sheets, blankets, etc. The bedding is changed weekly. 
The inmates are fairly well clothed. The food furnished is fair 
farm-house fare. An insane man, who at the time of the last 
visit was confined in a pen in a nude condition, was found to 
be at liberty and clothed. The keeper stated that he does con- 
siderable work about the house. The water supply is from cis- 
terns, and at present abundant, but scarce last summer. Fruit 
trees have been planted in the hope that this very poor farm 
Avill produce something. The fences have been repaired and are 
in good condition. Twelve inmates were present at this luxuri- 
ous abode. 

Fulton:— Fisiief? June 21, 1892. 

Thirty-nine inmates were present in this institution ; they were 
fairly well clothed, generally cleanly in their persons, and in 
good health. The food furnished is abundant and of good qual- 
ity. The buildings were generally in bad condition. The roof 



144 

has l)«'«'ii Icakiiijj; in iiinv i)Ifi(.-«'s. aii<l the ])kisl(Min^ lias fallen 
oft'. The Hooi-s and staiiuays are worn out. The rooms in tlie 
main buiMinjj,' were kej)t in fail* ('(jnditioii under the cii-cuni- 
stauies. 'I'he interioi- of the insane dt^jjait ?nent. oceu])ied by 
males, was in bad condition. The walls and eeilinirs are lined 
with boards, which have not been jjainted or cleansed for years. 
They are black with smoke. The floors are filthy, and the bed- 
ding- seemed to be in the same condition. Since last visit a bu-n 
has been erected, which cost about ii^iJ.')!), and tin has been 
placed over the fiat part of the roof of the main building. Fur- 
niture is scarce at this institution, and chairs ar»- needed in 
every pait of the building, r'specially in the mens" sittinii-room. 
The sleeping rooms contain iron or wood bedsteads: occasion- 
ionally a chair and stand. The bedding was in fair condition, 
except as above stated ; it is changed weekly. The i-ooms of the 
main building are heated by a furnace, and the building for the 
insane by a stove. A well and cistei-n fuinish i>lenty of water. 
The county physician visits once each week and oftener when 
necessary. Farm ci'0])s were good last year and there is a good 
chance for a good crop this year. The buildings are worn out 
and unfit for use. They might be repaii-ed, |but it would l)e 
better to build a new establishment. 

GuKEfiE.— Visited JuTif^ 75, 1S9l\ 

The buildings of this almshouse were found to be in good con- 
dition. The walls of the rooms occupied by paupers need white- 
washing or ])ainting. Nothing has been done to them or the 
woodwork for about nine years. The tloorsare ascleau as muscle, 
soa|), and water coml)ined can make them. The dining-room is 
hirge and convenient, and is furnished with chaii-s. The sleeping- 
rooms each have a chair, and a wot)d bedstead with wire mat- 
tress. The bedding was in good condition, clean and neatly ke[)t. 
The rooms were heated by stoves. An abundant supj)ly of 
water is obtained from three wells and a cistern. The farm 
crops for la,st year were good, and tlie prospect this y«>ai- for 
small grain is good. TIk^ county jdiysician visits occasionally 
and when called. There were twenty-nine inmates ])resent: they 
were wcHl clothed, cleanly in theii- persons, and generally in good 
health. The food t'urnished gives satisfaction. The present sup- 
erintendent, Mr. .Vsa Sloan, who has been in charge over four- 
teen years, stated that iiis term of service will end with this 
year. Mr. Sloan can retire fi-om this almshouse with the satis- 
faction that his duties to the inmate."^ and to the county have 
l)een well and faitlifully ])ei-formed. 

(\ MA. .Wis:— Visited Mny //, 1f^!^L\ 

Ml'. LeoTiard Fdwar<ls, at Omaha, still keeps the i>au|>eis who 
re(]uire house c{ir<\ The county clei'k stateil that there was 
some complaint made of the way in which paupeis were cared 
for a1 this })laci' during the ]»ast y<^ar, but that the matters 
complained of had been remedied and the paupers are now well 
cared for. The buildings were in good condition and the rooma 



145 

neat and tidy. The diniug--rooin is furnished with tables and 
chairs. The slteping-rooms are each furnished with one cliair, 
one table and a wood-bedstead. The beddino" is clean and in 
^•ood condition. It is changed everj' two weeks. The food fur- 
nished is satisfactory. The rooms are heated by stoves. The 
w^ater supply is from a cistern and a wed, and is plenty. The 
inmates are fairly well clothed, cleanly and in oood health gen- 
erally. There were seven paupers present. The county physi- 
cian visits once each month and when called. 

Grv^by:— Visited Am'ust 12, 1892. 

Since last visit a barn, ^^Ox: feet, has been erected, and the 
old unsightly sheds, which stand in the front yard, will be taken 
away. The buildings were in good condition and the walls and 
floors of the rooms were clean. Thei-e was, however, a bad odor 
in one of the rooms, which the superintendent stated was im- 
possible to ei-adicate. It is occupied by a diseased inmate. 
Thirty inmates were present; they were fairly w^ell clothed, cleanly 
in their persons and generally in good health. There has been 
no necessity to call a doctor for the last six months. The food 
furnished is farm house fare, and gives satisfaction. Chairs are 
furnished for the use of the inmates at the dining table. The 
slep]:)ing-rooms are each furnished with a chair, a stand or table 
and an iron bedstead. Some of the new bedsteads have wire 
mattresses. The bedding was in good condition, clean and 
tidily kept; it is changed weekly and sometimes oftener. The 
rooms are comfortably heated by stoves, and the water supply, 
which is abundant, is from a well. The farm crops last year 
were abundant and there is a fair prospect for good crops this 
year. 

Hamilton:— Fisitec^ May 4, 180::. 

The building makes a fair appearance on the outside, but the 
rooms were in bad condition; the plastering is absent in many 
places, and the w^ood-work needs paint. The whole establish- 
ment is not as clean and orderly as it should be. Whitewashing- 
was in process at the time of the visit, and the rooms were 
probably unusually dirty and out of order. The dining-room is 
furnished with tables, chairs, and a bench. The sleeping-rooms 
are each furnished with a chair, and a wooden bedstead. The 
bedding in the sleeping-rooms consists of a straw-ticks, sheets, 
blankets and quilts. The bedding in the men's rooms was in 
bad condition and. in some cases, worn-out. The rooms and 
bedding used by females were clean and more tidy. The bed- 
ding is changed weekly. There were twenty-seven inmates pres- 
ent. Some were fairly well clothed, while others were poorly 
clad. The food furnished is plain but abundant. The keeper 
is probably doing the best he can in the way of furnishing the 
inmates with food and clothing for the amount he receives. 
This county is somewhat in debt, and economy seems to be the 
rule, especially in its care for the poor. 

—10 P. C. 



14(i 

U\svoiK:— Visited J unr l'J, l.si)i>. 

The l)uildiiii»s of this institution were found to be in «>ood re- 
pair. Since hist visit extra steam ])ipes, for heatin*;- the rooms, 
have been jilaced in ])()sition, so Ihat now the buildiii*;" is iieated 
comfoi-tably in every ])art. The walls and ceilinj^^s of the rooms 
were moderately clean; and the llooi-s are kept in excellent con- 
dition. Chairs should be supi)lied foi- the dininfr-room. Benches 
are uncomfortable seats, especially f(n' the aged and infirm. The 
sleeping-rooms are supplied with chairs and bedsteads of wood 
a!id iron. The beddino- in the women's rooms was clean and in 
good condition, but that in the men's rooms seemed to be worn 
out and not so clean. The water supply is fi-om cisterns, pumped 
by steam, to a tank in the attic. Water was scarce last year. 
Farm cro])s were good last year and the prospects for this 
year are fail-. The county physician visits only when called. 
There were thirty inmat<\s present; they were fairly well clothed, 
generally cleanly in their persons and in good health. One of 
the male inmates claims to be ninety-nine years of age. One of 
the female inmates, supposed to be temporarily insane, com- 
mitted suicide last vear. The inmates seem to be well cared 
for. 

Haudin:— Fiis/Yed May .7, 1892. 

This almshouse was not visited. The county poor house com- 
mittee recently visited the institution and reported that the 
buildings were in fair condition for such shanties. The dining- 
room is furnished with a table, chairs and benches. The sleep- 
ing-rooms are each furnished with chairs, table and wood bed- 
steads. The beddiuji" was in good condition and clean; it is 
changed every two weeks. There were eleven inmates present; 
they are fairly well clothed, have plenty of good food and are 
in good health generally. The rooms are comfortably heated 
by stoves, and an abundant sup])Iy of watei- is obtained from 
a cistern. An old blind female inmate, who has been at this 
place for many years, is absent, having been sent to the Chari- 
table Eye and Ear Infirmary, with the hope that her sight nmy 
be restored. Farm crops for 1891 are reported good and the 
present year promises another good crop. 

He.nderson: — Visited Juno 'J8, 180-. 

A tool house and granai-y, 32x1 G feet, has been erected: a 
new flooi- has been laitl in tlie men's rooms, and the walls and 
ceilings of the i-ooms occupied by female inmates, which were 
left rough coated, have been iiard finished. The dining-, sitting- 
and shjeping-rooms are moderately furnished. The binlding used 
by paupers was in good condition generally, and clean; it is 
changed weekly. There were only four inmates ])resent; they 
wei-e fairly well clothed, cleanly in their ])ersons and in good 
health. They have an abundance of good food. The i-ooms are 
comfoitablv heated bv stoves in Ihe most severe weathei-. The 



147 

"water supply is from a well and cistern. The farm crops of 1891 
were good, but the prospect for this year, in consequence of 
some of the land being- flooded, is poor. The number of inmates 
at this place is remarkably small as compared with former years, 
but it is feared that the number will increase the coming winter, 
on account of the losses of small renters of land, which is cov- 
ered with water. 

Re^ry -.—Visited June SO, 1892. 

Th^ front grounds of this institution exhibited their usual pro- 
fusion of flowers and shrubs. The building was in good repair. 
All the walls are painted and are as clean as possible. The floors 
that were not covered with carpets or oilcloth, showed that soap 
and water had not been spared. The dining-, sitting- and sleep- 
ing-rooms are well furnished. In addition to the usual furniture 
in an institution of this kind, carpets were found in the rooms 
of the female inmates. The bedding was clean, tidy and in ex- 
cellent condition; it is chauo-ed once a week. The institution is 
heated by steam. The water suppl^^ is from a well, pumped by 
a wind-mill. The crops of 1891 were good and the prospect for 
this year is also good. The county physician visits only when 
called. There were seventy-two inmates present; they were fairly 
well clad, cleanly and neat in their persons, and all enjoying 
good health. Food is furnished in abundance and of consider- 
able variety. This institution is a model of order, neatness and 
-cleanliness. The inmates and property are well cared for. 

Iroquois:— FiszY^Jc/ July 7, 1892. 

There were forty-two inmates present at this almshouse. They 
were moderately well clothed, and, with a few exceptions, were 
cleanly in their persons. "Slop-barrel Jim," who was mentioned 
in last report, was on hand and disguised in clean clothing. Jim 
still revels in slop, and will not permit anyone to remove it un- 
less he has a hand in it. The inmates were generally in good 
health. The food provided is good and abundant. The farm 
crops were fair and the prospect for the present year is good. 
The county physician visits twice each week and when called. 
Since last visit new roofs have been placed on the main build- 
ing and on the insane department. The walls of the insane de- 
partment, in 'consequence of the water impairing the foundation, 
were spreading, and rods have been placed from wall to wall, 
and they are now regarded as secure, and a board partition has 
been placed in the west I'ear room of the frame building, for the 
purpose of more properly separating the sexes. The walls and 
ceilings of the rooms in the frame buildino; were clean and white, 
and the floors show repeated scrubbing. The dining-rooms are 
furnished with tables, chairs, stands and wood bedsteads. The 
bedding was clean, in good condition, and tidily kept, especially 
in the women's rooms. The walls and ceilings of the rooms and 
corridors of the insane department were not clean and the floors 
might be much improved. The rooms of both buildings were 



(•oirit()ir;ili|\' licntcd by stoves. An alMiiidancc of wattT is sup- 
plictl from a well, pumped l)y a w iiid-piimi). The biiildiiijrs need 
i-epairs. In some cases the fioors and stairways are uoin out. 

Jackson:— I'/sifec/ April L*U, 1S02. 

The building- was found to be in l)ad condition. Since last 
visit a new roof has been i)hiced on tlie building-, but the in- 
terior is in about the same condition as stated in last report. 
Nothinji" has been done on the inside; the walls and ceilino- are 
almost black with smoke and dirt and the plaster is absent in 
many places. Kverytliin<>: is in a dilapidated condition and the 
ai)])eaT-ance of the inmates was much the same. The county 
authorities do not ])ro])Ose to do anything more by way of re- 
pairs to the old buiidinu:,-. They wish to sell the farm and i)ur- 
chase one nearer Muii)liysboro. Tiie dining-room lias a table, 
at which the inmates sit on benches. The sleeping-rooms 
were ineagerly furnished ; the bedding is dirty and in bad con- 
dition. The bedding, in part, is changed weekly. The inmates 
are furnished with an abundance of good food, are poorly 
clothed and generally in good health. The use of the old pest- 
house has been abandoned. The sitting- and dining-i'ooms are 
heated by stoves. The water sup])ly is from wells and cisterns 
and i.; abundant. The place is infested by rats and the sleep- 
ing rooms by bed-bugs. The county physician visits once each 
week and when called foi*. There wei-e twenty-one inmates 
present. The crops of 1891 were good and there is a fair pros- 
pect for a good crop this year. 

Jasper:— Fisiiec/ May 'J'J, 1S\)'J. 

Since last visit to this almshouse, the buildings foi-merly oc- 
cupied by the pau])ers have been destroyed by fire, and a two- 
story frame building, .*i8x-i() feet, has been erected. The first 
floor is a double central corridor, the entire length of the build- 
ing, with three rooms on each side; the second floor has the 
same divisions. The building cost $1,080. A smoke-house, 
14x16 feet, two stories high, 1ms also been erected, at the cost 
of .IfiOO. The main building was first occupied in December, 
1891. It was found to be clean and in excellent condition, l-'ur- 
nitur(» has been jnirchased for tlie building, but it has iK)t been 
received. The fur-nitui'e taken from the old building is now in 
use, but will be consigned to the woo(l-])iIe when the new furni- 
ture ai-rives. The bedding was found to be clean and in good 
condition; it is changed weekly and oftener when necessary. 
The building was comfoi-tably heated by stoves. The water 
supply is from a well, which furnishes an abundant supply. 
Tliere were tlnrtecMi inmat(>s present. They were fairly well 
clothed and genei-ally cleanly in their peisons. Th(>y have good 
fai-ndiouse fare. One of the inmates, aged 74 years, is a pro- 
fessional tramp. He claims to have been an inmate of foui'teen 
almshouses, and boasts that he never did a day's work in his 
life. The paupei-s of this ])lace have now a comfortable place 



149 

and are well cared for. The county physician only visits when 
called. The crops for 1891 were poor. The prospect for small 
grain is good. 

Jefferson: — Visited May 12, 1892. 

Since last visit a one-story frame building, 12x14 feet, to be 
used as the paupers' kitchen, has been erected. New bedding, 
of much better quualit.3^ than that formerly used, has been 
purchased. The dining-room is furnished with tables and chairs. 
The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with one chair for each 
person and an iron bedstead. The bedding was clean and in 
exc llent condition, and consisted of mattresses, sheets, pillows 
with pillow-cases, blankets and spreads. The bedding is clianged 
every week. There were fourteen inmates present. They were 
fairly well clothed, in good health and fed with an abundance 
of good food. Some of the I'ooms are comfortably heated by 
stoves, but some of the sleeping-rooms are not heated at all. 
An abundant water supply is obtained from cisterns. The phy- 
sician visits only when called. The keeper is dall^^ expecting 
the carpenters to tear down the old shanties in the rear of the 
superintendent's residence, and erect a building for use as a 
kitchen and dining-room. 

Jersey:— 7isi?;e<i J ?7ije 13, 1892. 

The roof of the residence of the superintendent has been re- 
paired. The first roof was of paper, and the present one is 
of tin, but it needs repairs, as it still leaks and is spoiling the 
plastering. The buildings occupied by the inmates were in fair 
condition and the walls and floors of the rooms were generally 
clean. The dining-room has a few chairs, but benches are mostly 
used. The sleeping-rooms are furnished with chairs and iron 
bedsteads with wire mattresses. The bedding in the men's 
rooms was clean, but might be much improved, and that used 
in the rooms occupied by women was in a little better condition 
and clean; it is changed weekly. The rooms are heated by 
.stoves. The water supply is from a well and cistern, and is 
abundant at present, but last year it was scarce. The farm 
crops last year were good and the prospect for this year is fair. 
The county physician visits once each month and when called. 
There were eighteen inmates present. They were fairly well 
clad, cleanly in their persons, and generally in good health. 
The food furnished is farmhouse fare, which is abundant and of 
good quality. 

:ioDxYi^^ii:— Visited August 19, 1892. 

Within the last two years the old partitions of the hospital, 
formerly the old insane buildino-, have been removed, and new 
ones placed there and the whole interior replastered; a tin roof 
has been placed on this building. The floors of the insane build- 
ing have been painted and general repairs have taken place. 
The buildino's were found to be in 20od condition. The walls of 



tlio rooms and (•orridois arc in ])art calfiniincd in colors and- 
the rest of the walls and ccilinfi.s were as white as possible. Tli< • 
floors, which are not painted, show that they are well scrubbed. 
The dinin«!:-roonis are ])rovid«»d with benches and a few chairs. 
The sleepinji'-roonis each have a chair, a stand and a wooden 
bedstead. The beddinj:,- was clean, tidy and in good condition; 
it is chanfied weekly. The insane dej)artment is well heated by 
a furnace and the other buildin*is by stoves. The water supply, 
which is abundant, is obtained from six cisterns and a well 
which is pumped by a wind-pump. The crops of 1891 were {rood, 
but this year the potato crop will be a failure. The county 
physician visits when called, which is seldom. There were forty- 
nine inmates present. One of them is a male idiot, who, in con- 
sequence of his filthy habits, is confined in the airing court dur- 
ing the da3' and locked up at night. Another inmate is an in- 
sane wonmn, who yeais ago was locked up constantly, l>ut for 
several years has had her liberty and has been employed in the 
kitchen. 8he has had a relapse and is now violently insane and 
locked up in a room. One insane man is reported as having 
come from Fiidand during the last twelve months. He undei-- 
stands no language but his own, and there is no one in tiie 
county who can interpret what lie says, so that the county 
authorities are at a loss to know what to do with him. Tiie 
inmates are fairly well clothed, genei-ally cleanly in their person 
and in the enjo^'ment of health. The food provided is farm- 
house fare. 

Johnson:— Fisi^ef/ Mn,v 9, 18Dl\ 

Since last visit to this almshouse a one-story frame building 
32x10 feet, has been erected for the occupancy of female paupers 
and children. The building contains two rooms. It is lined 
and ceiled with ceiling lumber. Paint does not seem to have 
been used on any |)art of the structure. The building cost ^^524. 
Both sexes'dine in one room, which is furnished with tables and 
chairs. The slee])ing-i-ooms are furnished with chairs and iron 
bedst€'ads, which have iron slat bottoms. The bedding in the 
men's rooms is in bad condition and not clean. In the women's 
rooms the bedding is in good condition and clean. The bedding- 
is not changed at regular intervals, but when occasion seems to 
demand. There were eighteen paupers ])re.sent. The wonien were 
fairly well clothed and cleanly. The nuMi were jtoorly clothed 
and not cIcNinly in their jxMsons. The food furiiislied is good 
and abundant. All seemed to b(> in good health. The rooms 
ai-e heated by stoves. The water sui^JjIv is from cisterns, which 
afford a meager supply. The fai-m crops in IPUl wei-e good 
and the ])ros])ect for tliis year is ]ii'omising. 

K A N I : : — I 'as itr(] a imu.s 1 l'1', I >/>!', 

Since last visit the barn has Immmi destroyecl by liglitning. and 
a new one, which cost $4. OIK), has been erected, which has a 
cai)acity for- housing 114 head of cattle; it has four box stalls. 
New water tanks have l)een ])lace(l on the thii'd floor; a water 



151 

tower of stone, sixty feet high, has been erected, and a five- 
hundred barrel tank will be placed on its top, which will be 
filled from a well, by a wind pump; a sewer, which is 1,?0() feet 
in length, has been constructed and empties into the creek, and 
a flag staff placed in position. The supervisors have directed 
that the stars and stripes shall float above the building on all 
public holidays. The inmates have the use of chairs at the 
dining-table. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with a 
chair, a stand and an ii'on bedstead with wire mattress. The 
bedding Avas in excellent condition and clean. There were fifty- 
nine inmates present; they were in good health, fairly well 
clothed, and generally cleanly in their persons. The superin- 
tendent asked several of the inmates, if they had any complaints 
to make about their food, clothing or treatment, to make it 
known and speak freeh^ to the visitor. All seemed to be satis- 
fied and had no complaints to make. Since last visit the base- 
ment of the insane department has been vacated and the noisy 
and troublesome insane sent to the Elgin hospital. The sexes are 
now jnore completely separated than ever before; the males now 
occupy the east building and the females the west building. The 
buildings are found to be in good repair and the walls and ceil- 
ings of all the rooms and corridors were white and clean, and 
the floors are kept as clean as possible. The buildings are com- 
fortably heated by steam in the most severe weather. The 
farm crops last year were abundant and the prospect for the 
present year is good. The institution seems to be in good 
hands. The property is well cared for and the inmates are 
kindly treated. 

Kane, Belize vue Place:— I'isited August 22, 1802. 

This institution is located at Batavia. Dr. R. J. Patterson is 
the proprietor and superintendent. The building is a massive 
stone structure, with halls one hundred and fifty feet long by 
twelve feet wide, and spacious rooms for the accommodation of 
insane females. The corridors and rooms of the first and sec- 
ond floors are elegantly furnished and carpeted, and the third 
floor is furnished more plainly. There were thirty-two female 
patients present. Some were in their rooms, others out riding, 
and several were enjoying the beautiful grounds or in ham- 
mocks under the trees. They have flowers in great profusion. 
Since last visit a large portico, for the enjoyment of the pa- 
tients, has been erected at the south door of the south wing, 
and every part of the building is now illuminated by the elec- 
tric light. The building is heated b^^ steam. The water supply 
is abundant and is piped to each floor. The natural light and 
ventilation are unsurpassed. This institution is arranged and 
fitted with special reference to the best care and treatment of 
patients whose friends prefer a private institution. 

Kankakee:— F;s7/^ec/ August 29, 1892. 

Since last visit, the building mentioned in last report as being 
in course of erection, has been completed and is now ccaupitd. 



152 

Tlie buiMiiiii- is of stone, 4()xM) 1V(4, has two storii's above the 
baseiiR'Ht and an attic. The bascMiient is used for stora^ie piir- 
])Oses and also contains the lieatin«i" api)aratus. Tlie first floor 
contains a central corridor, T'-X-'i feet, running- north and south. 
There are nine loonis, each Vx'iO feet, on the west side of the 
cori-idor. and six i-oonis, three stairways and a lavatory and 
bath-room on the east side. Each room contains a ])riv\' seat, 
Avhich is flushed with water, controlled by the superintendc'Ut in 
the corridor. The second floor has the same divisions and the 
same conveniences. The attic has a corridor, the length of the 
buildinp,-, on the east side, and six rooms and a bath-room on 
the west side. The bnildin*;- is comfortably heated Ijy hot water, 
and lighted by incandescent lamps. The water supply is from 
the city water woi-ks. The cost of the buildin*:-. comi)lete, was 
|>15.45(). Everythinji' in this bnildine- was found to be clean and 
in excellent condition. Some of the old buildines were in fair 
re])air. The walls and ceilings had been recently whitewashed, 
and the tloors were scrubbed clean. The dinino-rooms were fur- 
nished with chairs, and the sleepino--roonis in the new buildino- 
each have an iron bedstead witii a wire mattress. In the old 
building the bedsteads are of wood, in which the night torment- 
ors have taken up their abode. The su])(M'intendent stated tlmt 
theii- number had been much reduced since he had been in charge. 
The bechling was clean and in good condition; it is changed once 
each week. Thirty-three inmates were ])resent; they are well fed, 
fairly well clothed, generally cleanly in their yjersons, and in the 
enjoyment of health. The old buildings are comfortably heated 
by stoves and lighted by electricity. The county physician visits 
only when called. The farm crops of 18;)1 were abundant, but 
the prosjject for the present year is not good. In this county 
the insane are a county charge. The board of other inmates of 
the almshouse is ])aid by the towns from which they are sent. 
The receipts of the almshouse last year from this source 
amounted to .fl,147'.(!l . The amounts paid out for temporary 
relief by the diffei'ent towns have not been reported to the county 
clerk. 

Kend.vi.l:— Iw/Yer/ August 1l\ 1SUl\ 

This county has no almshouse. Each town supiK)rls its own 
]K)()r. Tlie ])au|)er (wpen.ses, ])aid by the county, during the year 
ending I)ecend)er 1, 1891, amount to.fllT.t'G. The amounts 
])Mid by the overseers of the ]>oor, in th(> different towns for the 
same jx'iiod, are as follows: 



Bic Grovo , »770 01 

Kendall I -"W 'W 

Fox x-'^ii'-'S 

Bristol I '•'«" -'.' 

Oswi'go •''■"^ ■*■' 

Lisl.ou IW 1'2 

H(nv!ii-d ''>!•<'" 

'Litilo Kuek , I^OM 

Tolal suppui 1 I . y t o w ns I S5,308 93 



153 

K^ox:— Visited June 27, 1892. 

Since last visit the new insane department, which at that time 
^vas in conrse of erection, has been completed. This department 
has three floors, and contains a corridor, dining-room, and 
eleven sleeping-rooms, on each floor. The arrangement is much 
the same as one of the wings of the first annex building at the 
Central hospital, at Jacksonville. This department is a model 
of cleanliness and neatness, and in that respect will compare 
favorably with any of the state institutions. The other build- 
ings were in good condition, and the walls and floors of the 
roonis have constant attention. The carpets and oilcloths on 
the floors of the corridoi-s and rooms are much worn, and will 
soon have to be renewed. The sitting-, dining- and sleeping- 
rooms are well furnished and tidily kept. Some of the old wood 
bedsteads give trouble. The bedding was generally in excellent 
condition and neatly kept, except that used by some of the fllthy 
idiots ; it is changed weekly. The rooms of the main building 
and the insane department are comfortably heated hy steam, and 
the frame building is heated by stoves. The water supply is 
from a well, pumped by a wind-pump to a cistern, and from 
there to the different parts of the main building by hand, and 
to the insane department by steam. The farm crops last year 
Avere abundant, and the prospect for this year is promising. The 
county physician visits the institution occasionally and when 
called. There were ninety-one inmates present. Each sex has an 
attendant. The insane have their liberty in the corridoi's dur- 
ing the day. and are occasionally allowed out of doors; they are 
locked in at night. The inmates were well clothed, cleanly and 
tidy in their persons, and in good health. An abundance of good 
food is served. 

Lake: — Visited August o. 1892. 

Since last visit to this institution a porch has been erected on 
the east side of the superintendent's residence: new floors have 
been laid in the upper hall of the main building and in the sit- 
ting- and dining-rooms; the walls and ceiling of the sitting- 
room have been plastered ; the walls of the corridors in the in- 
sane department have been painted to the height of five feet from 
the floor, and a new ranae has been purchased. The dining- 
rooms are furnished with chairs and the sleex)ing-rooms each 
have a chair and a wood bedstead. The bedding was clean and 
in good condition; it is changed once each week. There were 
forty-seven inmates present; they were fairly well clothed, 
cleanly and in good health. Four of the insane were locked up. 
The insane man, Avho, four years ago, occupied a cell in a nude 
condition, but who was clothed at the time of last visit, was 
found to be clothed and cleanly. He is inclined to disrobe, but 
his friend, who is also insane, is on the watch and controls him 
by a word or a glance. The food provided is farm-house fare. 
The rooms are comfortably heated b\' furnaces, and the water 



154 

Riippl y is from wells. The diain {^ivos no troul)le. The crops of 
1H\)\ were ahuiKJant. but this year's prosjjects are p(Jor. The 
iiiinates aiK.l institution seem to be well cared for. 

I.aSalli::— ry.s/7^r7 .l;;^r,;.s^ i), hSOJ. 

There were one hundred and sixty-»'i<2^ht inmates present. 
Thev were fairly well clothed, cleanly in their persons, and 
^eueially in jiood health. The food furnished is ample and of 
«ood variety. The buildings were in excellent repair, and the 
walls and floors of the rooms and corridors were as clean a.s 
]K)ssible. The inmates are seated at the dinin<>-table on 
i tenches. The sleepiuii'-rooms have iron bedsteads, and many 
have chairs. The sick wai-ds have wire mattresses. The bed- 
ding was clean and tidily arranged. Bedding and clothing are 
changed weekly. The entire institution is comfortably heated 
by steam. The water supply is from an artesian well, which 
tiows to a tank in the attic, and from there to all parts of the 
different buildings. Since last visit the morgue has been com- 
]jleted; a conservatory, greenhouse and liay-siied have been 
erected; the slaughter-house and stock yards have been recon- 
structed: new floors have been laid in two wards and one of 
the main corridors; the ice-house has l)een remodeled and cold 
storage provided for; a smoke-house of stone and iron is 
nearly completed. The insane seem to be well cared for: they 
liave attendants of their own sex. and are at liberty during tlie 
day. Five of them are filthy in their habits and are liable to 
remove their clothing, unless constantly watched. This institu- 
tion needs a steam washer and wringer and nujdern apjiaratus 
for drying clothes. 

Lawijence: — Visited May 1^7, lsi)L\ 

The buildings of this poor farm are almost ready to fall 
down. The roof is rotten and leaks like a sieve, and the inte- 
rior cannot become much worse. The rooms are ])Oorly fur- 
nished, and the furniture is of the poorest descri])tion. The 
dining-room contains a tabl? and benches and the sleeping- 
rooms have some old broken-down chairs and bed-bug bed- 
steads. The bedding is in bad condition, but g«Mierally clean; 
it is changed w(>ekly. There were fourteen innuites ])resent, and 
they were all fairly well clothed and have an abumlance of 
gc^od, plain food. The general health seems to be good. One 
of the innuites is an idiot girl, and is the nu)the!" of a babe. 
The father is not known. This almshouse changes keepers fre- 
quently, and <'ach keeper carries away all books pertaining to 
his administration, so tluit no register of the inmates remains 
at (he almshouse, and the statistics gatluM-ed can oidy be esti- 
mated. Lawr<Mice county should discontinue 1 he use of the 
]^res(Mit almshouse buildings and erect new ones. Tlie old 
buildiuii's are alive with vrrniiii. 



155 

Leb:— Visited August i^3, 1892. 

The buildings were in fair condition on the outside. Some of 
the floors are Avorn out and should be renewed. The walls and 
floors, generally, were clean, The cells occupied by the filthy in- 
sane, were not clean, and the odor was offensive. The dining- 
room is furnished with chairs. The sleeping-rooms each have a 
chair, a stand or table, and wood bedsteads, except in the in- 
sane department, where iron bedsteads with wire mattresses are 
used. The bedding was clean and in good condition; it is 
changed weekly. There were twenty- six inmates present: they 
were fairl}^ clothed, well fed, generally cleanly in their persons and 
in the enjoyment of health. One of the inmates has lost both 
of his lower limbs. The visitor remarked that there was no 
danger of his running away. He replied that he could get along 
as fast as most of the inmates. This institution is badly con- 
structed and inconvenient. The rooms are too small and the 
corridors are not wide enough. A new modern structure should 
take the place of these irregular and poorly arranged buildings. 
Filthy idiots and insane should be kept at some institution, 
where they can have the attention that cannot be given at an 
ordinary poor-house. Since last visit a coal house and wagon 
shed have been erected. The rooms of this institution are well 
heated by a furnace and stoves. An abundant w'ater supply is 
obtained fromtwo Avells, pumped by a wind-pump to a tank, 
and from three cisterns. Bed-bugs seem to be troublesome, but 
are not so numerous as formerly. The farm crops of 1891 were 
good and the prospect for this year is good. The county phy- 
sician visits when called. 

Livingston: — Visited August 30, 1892. 

Thirty inmates were present; they are fairly well clothed, gen- 
erally cleanly and neat in their persons and in good health. 
The food served is similar to that served on the table of the 
superintendent. The buildings, for old and worn out buildings, 
were in fair repair. The w-alls and ceilings are kept well white- 
washed and the floors are nearly worn out by scrubbing and 
by use. The dining- and sleeping-rooms are well provided with 
chairs. The bedsteads in use in the insane department are of 
iron with wire mattresses. Those used in the other buildings are 
of wood. The bedding, which is changed weekly, was found to 
be in good condition and clean. The floors of the rooms occu- 
pied by female inmates are covered by rag carpet. The rooms 
are >vell heated by stoves, except in the insane department, where 
the ceilings are of lumber and so open as to allow heat to pass 
through the roof. An abundance of water is obtained from a 
well and two cisterns. The county phyician visits once each 
week and when called. The farm crops last year were abundant 
and the prospect for this year is good. The question of the 
erection of a new almshouse building, with modern conveniences, 
is occasionally discussed by the county authorities. It is hoped 
that these discussions will soon bear fruit. The present buildings 
are inconvenienth' arranged and worn out. 



156 

Logan: — S'isited Sei)icinbi'i- J, 1/^!JL\ 

This institution was visited in C()nj])any wiih Mi-. l»a\iti. of 
the Asylum foi- Fof^blp-Mindcrl Children. Sinc<' the last \'isit. a 
two-story hrick building'. 'iOx-JO tVct, has be«Mi ei-e<-t«^d, about 
30 feet oast of the onc-stoi-y brick biiildiiiL!,-. 'JMic first floor con- 
tains a central corridor, and has five r(K3ins in the west side Mud 
four rooms and a stairway on the east side. The central cor- 
ridor is ei«;lit feet wide, and the rooms are each 8xll>feet. The 
second floor has tlie same partitions. A boiler house and stack 
have been erected, and a boiler ])laced in ])osition. and all the 
buildintis are heated by steam, excejit the insane department, 
Avhich is heated by a furnace. A coi'n crib has been erected: the 
roofs of all the buildin<2,s have been painted; new floors have 
been laid in all the rooms and corridors of the second floor, and 
in the corridors of the basement of the main buildin*;-: the walls 
and ceiling's of the insane department have been ])ainted. The 
new buildinfi: and boiler liouse cost f4.7()v), the pluml)ing' cost 
.i>1.900 and the corn crib $400. The o;rounds are neatly kept, 
and the buildings are in good i-epair. The walls and ceilings 
of all the rooms, not pa))ere<l oi* painted, were white aud clean, 
and the floors were clean. exce])t in the insane department, 
where a little extra srcubbing would have a good effect. The 
bedding was clean and in good condition; it is chansied weekly. 
Inmates were seated in the dining-room on chairs and benches. 
The men's sleeping-rooms are provided with chairs and iron bed- 
steads with wire mattresses, and the women's rooms have 
wood bedsteads. An abundance of water is obtained from a 
well and cistc^rn. There were fcjrt.v-seven inmates ])resent; they 
are fairly well clothed, generally cleanly in their ])ersons and 
in good health. The howling idiot, men1i(jned in last re])ort as 
being so destructive and ti"()ublesom(\ still reigns nnd is a terror. 
He recently bit off a man's ear, but will not be nble to re])eat 
the operation, as his teeth have been removed. He seems, how- 
ever, to have almost uidimited resources for mischief, and still 
makes life a burden to all that are within the sound of his un- 
earthly yells. One of the inmates committed suicide last year 
by tjiking Paris green. The farm crops last year were abund- 
ant, but the ])ros])ect for this yenr is not good. The county 
physician visits oidy when cnlled. The dining-rooms, in 1h(» base- 
ment of the main building, which have grout lloois and are 
dam]i, should be abandoned, and dining-iooms above the surface 
of the ground should be ])rovided. The brick floor in the men's 
sitting-room is a nuisance, and slionld be removed. A ])ine floor 
would not cost over twenty-five dollars. The institution is in 
good hands and the innmtes are well cai'ed for. 

.Macon:— 7As/7cr/ .fun,' 7. IS'Ji'. 

The lile drain, which was being constructed at the time of last 
visit, has been i-emoved. as it pioved to be a faihiic A sew(M* 
has l)een const ructed, which works sat isfactorily. The buildings 
were found to be in good rejtair and the grounds neatly Kept. 



157 

The walls of the rooms, except in the insane department, were 
white and clean, and the floors show the frequent use of soap 
and water. The dining'-room is furnished with chairs, and the 
bed-rooms are provided with a chair, stand and wood bedsteads, 
The beddin<i;- in the rooms was clean and in o-ood condition. 
The rooms occupied by the females inmates are kept much 
cleaner and more neat and tidy than those of the men. The 
entire building is heated by steam. There were forty-eight in- 
mates present; they were fairly well clothed and generally cleanly 
in their persons. Some of the insane and idiotic are filthy and 
hard to care for. An abundance of well-cooked food is served. 
The inmates, generally, were in good health. The county phy- 
sician visits the almshouse once a week and when called. Farm 
crops were good last year, but the prospect for this year is not 
flattering. 

Macovfi^:— Visited May 27, 1892. 

The brick building was found to be in good repair. The rear 
of the frame building is much worn on the inside and never was 
of much value. It should be removed and give place to a bet- 
ter structure. The rooms occupied by female paupers were found 
to be in excellent condition, the bedding was clean, the walls 
white and the floors well scrubbed. The men's rooms were not 
so clean and tid3^ and the bedding was not in good condition. 
The insane dej)artments were found to be clean and neatly kept; 
the bedding was tidy and in good condi ion. The- insane de- 
partment is heated by a furnace and the other rooms by stoves. 
The furniture is scarce and poor. Inmates are seated at the 
dining- table on benches. Benches are also used in the sitting- 
rooms. The sleeping-rooms have a bedstead of wood or iron, 
but no chairs. The food furnished seems to be of good quality 
and of more variety than was served two years ago. There 
were thirty six inmates present. They were fairly well clothed 
and generally in good health. The county physician visits semi- 
weekly and when called. The present keeper seems to under- 
stand his business. Everything, so far as he is concerned, is 
kept in good order. 

Madison:— Fisitef/ May IS, 1892. 

The old buildings, which are occupied by the male and female 
paupers, are much dilapidated and are ready to retire from busi- 
ness. The new buildings, especially the insane department, were 
found to be in excellent condition. The part occupied by the 
female insane was remarkably neat and clean. The patients in 
this department cannot be persuaded to occupy the beds dur- 
ing the day; they sleep or lounge on the floor. It is supposed 
that their training at the hospitals, from which they came, has 
caused this habit to be like second nature. The insane depart- 
ment is comfortably heated by a stove; the other buildings are 
heated by furnaces. An abundant supply of water is obtained 
from a well, with wind-pump and tank, which is conveyed 



158 

throu;^!! pipes to all j)arls ol llic buil(liui;s. The bt,Ml(liii<j_- in tlie 
woinen's rooms was in fair condition and clean, but that in the 
men's rooms seemed to be in poor condition and ncjt clean, 
lieddinti; is chanfj.'od weekly. There were one hundred and ten 
inmates present. They seem to be fairly well clotlM'd. cleanly 
and ^•enerally in g'ood health. Tln'v are furnishcMl witii a bounti- 
ful su])])ly of o'ood ])lain food. The county authorities talk of 
building- a two story buildin<;\ GU.\40 feet. The first floor is to 
be used as a dining-room and kitchen: the 8e<'ond floor is to be 
l)artitioned into sleeping-rooms and it is propo.sed to heat all 
the buildin^-s by steam. This county seems to believe in the 
detached system of building-s, for this institution ims small 
buildings in every direction. 

MMuns:— Visited May 17, 18ifL\ 

Since last visit to this almshouse, a porch has been erected, 
reaching along the entire front of the superintendent's dwelling, 
and the dwelling has been jjainted. A fence has also been erected 
in front of the grounds, which adds much to the beauty of the 
])lace. The dining-room is furnished with tables and chairs. 
The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with a chair, stand and 
a wood bedstead. The bedding is clean and in good condition. 
It is changed weekly. The rooms were neat and tidy, and the 
floors show repeated scrubbing. There were eleven inmates 
present. They were fairly well clothed, cleanly and generally in 
good health. They are served with an abundance of good, jilain 
food. The rooms are heated by stoves. The water sui)ply is 
from a well and cistern. The cistern has a force-pump, and 
hose is on hand, read3' for use, in case of fire. The farm pro- 
duced plentifully last year, and the prospect for wheat and oats, 
for the present year, is good. The county physician visits only 
when called. 

Marshall:— F/ft^ifery July, 1892. 

The old buildings of this almshouse were in fair repair. Since 
last visit new floors have been laid in tJM^ dining-room and the 
women's sitting-i'oom, and a bay wind(jw has been ei-ected on 
the east side of the superintendent's parlor. The walls and 
ceilings of the rooms wei-e white and clean and the floors well 
scrubbed. The new insane department was found to be in ex- 
cellent oi'der. Chairs are used in the dining- and sitting-rooms. 
Th(? sleeping i-ooms of those not insane have wood bedstfNids, 
chairs and stands. In the insane depaiM luent iron bedsteads 
with wire mattresses are used. The bedding was found to be 
clean and in excellent condition; it is changed weekly. The 
i-ooms occupied by women are moi-e neatly kept than those of 
the men. The older buildings are heated by stoves and the in- 
sane department by steam. All the rooms are comfortably 
heated during the coldest weather. The water supply, which is 
from a well, is abundant, and is pum]ied, by a wind-mill, to a 
tank in the atti(- of the insane d(;pai"tment. The farm crops last 
year were good, but the j»r()si)ect the present year is not very 



159 

flatterino'. No physician is regularly employed. There were six- 
teen inmates present; they were fairly well clothed and, except- 
ino- the insane department, were cleanly in their persons. All 
were in good health. The food provided is farm-house fare and 
gives satisfation. One of the insane inmates is very destructive. 
He has made scrap iron of one of the iron bedsteads, and has 
.a passion for breaking things. He was locked up at the time 
of this visit. The superintendent takes the insane out for an 
airing about once a week. 

Mason:— Visited June /, 18!)i\ 

Since last visit a two-story frame building, 20x20 feet, has 
been added to the reai- of the insane department; the first floor 
contains a hall on the east side and three cells on the west side; 
the second floor contains two rooms on each side of a corridor; 
the floors of the east porch, dining- and sleeping -rooms have 
been renewed. The dining-room is furnished with chairs, and 
the furniture of the sleeping-rooms consists of chairs and wood 
bedsteads. The rooms occupied by the women are furnished 
with a stand and a table. The bedding in the men's rooms is 
in a fair condition and clean. In the women's rooms the bed- 
ding was clean and in good condition and the rooms are neatly 
kept. The bedding is changed weekly. The rooms are comfort- 
ably heated by stoves. An abundant water supply is obtained 
from a well. Hed-bugs are a pest, and always will be where old 
wood bedsteads aie used. The county physician visits once 
each week and when called. The crops last year were good and 
the prospect is good for small grain this year. There were 
twenty-seven inmates present. One of the insane women, who is 
afflicted with syphilis, was, at the time of this inspection, con- 
fined in a dark, dirty cell, on a filthy looking bed, and a man, 
also a syphilitic, was engaged changing her undergarments, 
which were extremely filthy. She was terribly emaciated, noth- 
ing but skin and bones, and the keeper stated that she could 
last but a few days longer; he also stated that there was no 
woman about the place that was willing to care for her. With 
this exception, the inmates are generally well cared for; they are 
fairly well clothed, cleanly in their persons and in good health. 
They are provided with an abundance of good food. 

Massac:— Fisited May 6, 1892. 

Since last visit a one-story frame building, 30x28 feet, has been 
erected for the occupancy of the insane. There are three rooms 
10x10 feet on each side of a central corridor, which is six feet 
wide. The walls and ceilings of the rooms are lined with matched 
boards. A furnace has also been purchased and is used for 
heating all the rooms occupied by the inmates, except the din- 
ing-room, which is heated by a stove. The building cost about 
$600, and the furnace about fSOO. k new floor has also been 
placed in the rooms occupied by the paupers. The plastering 
in the dining-room and in the superintendent's dwelling needs 



160 

repairs. ilif iliniii;i,'-r()()iii is t'luiiislxMl with chairs and tables, 
Tlit^ sh^e|»ini»-r<)oiiis arc each furnished with a stand, one chair 
and a wood bedstead. The insane department has ircju bed- 
steads witli wire mattresses. The beddinp; was in fair condition. 
It is cl)an<ied weekly. There were fifteen inmates ])r(»sent. They 
were fairly wt'll clothr-d, in j^ood health generally and are sup- 
plied with an abundance of ^ood food. The water supi)ly is 
fi-om a well, which lui'uishes an abundant suj)j)ly of i)ure water. 
(lOod crojis were i-aised on the farm last year ancj the ])resent 
prospects are good. The couiit.x' physician visits (uice each 
week and when called for. 

McDonough:— Fi.s-yYer/ ./z7/]p 27, lSi)2. 

The buildin<i: of this almshouse has been suffered to run 
down. The roof continues to leak, and the ]jlasterini»:, which 
has fallen off in many places, lias not been re])aiied. It seems 
to be a penny wise affair with the county authorities to allow 
this buildin<^ to become so badly out of repair. Lime for white- 
washino- the walls and ceilin<2,s the board refuses to furnish. 
The dinino-rooms are fairly furnished, but some of the sitting- 
rooms are only furnished with benches. The sleepiiio-.rooms are 
moderately furnished, and the beds and bedding were found to 
be clean and in good condition. The building is heated com- 
fortably by steam. There were thirty inmates present; they 
were fairly well clothed, cleanly in tlieir ]»ersons and in good 
health generally. The food furnished gives satisfaction. An 
abundant water supply is obtained from a well, ]mmped by a 
wind-pump. The farm cro]is of lo:;l were good and the ]iros- 
pect for this year is promising. The county physician visits 
only when called. The buildings need ]irompt repairs. The 
keeper performs his part well and gives good attention to the 
inmates, but the county authorities seem to be unwilling to 
spend money on the buiidiiig. Since last visit a wagon and 
tool-house lias been erected, which cost about f2()(>: a hay- 
shed and (;ow-liouse have also been constructed and the fences 
repaired. Townships afford supf)ort to ])aupers not requiring 
liouse care, and the county a|)pro|)riates about .|i4/'00 annually 
for that purpose. No reports of the amount expended have been 
made to the county clerk. 

Mf'Wv.^nw—Vis'iipt] August Hi, 18it2. 

Tliirty-si.x inmates w(M-e |)res(Mit at the time of this visit. One 
of the inmates is the ])erson mentioned in last repoit as biMUg 
without a ])article of sense, not abh^ to feed himself, wiio does 
not know when he is hungry, and is filthy beyond desci-ij)tion, 
remains in tlu; same condition The inmates were f.iirly well 
clothed, generally neat and cleanly in their ])ersons. well fed 
and all in the enjoyment of health. Tlu> physician is seldom 
calleii. Since last visit a new i-ange has Ix^en ])iii-chase(l and a 
new lloor has been laid in the kitchen. The building, on the 
outside, seemed to be in good rej)air. The plastering, in many 



161 

of the rooms, is cracked by the settling; of the walls, and the 
floors in the sitting-room and corridor of the basement should 
be renewed. The inmates are seated on chairs at the diiiing-- 
table. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with a chair, 
stand and an iron bedstead with wire mattress, except in 
few. cases. The bedding was clean and in excellent condition. 
The floors of all" the rooms and corridors are always kept 
clean. The walls need calciminina;. The institution is thor- 
oughl^' heated by a, furnace. Three wells, pumped by wind- 
mills, supph' an abundance of water. The drain works well. 
The superintendent stated that the visitor was too late, or toO' 
early, to witness the sport of bed-bug hunting. He said that 
the business was still carried on, at regular intervals, but, un- 
like othei- sportsmen, he was glad to say that game of that 
kind is becoming scarce and that the species was nearly exter- 
minated. In this county each town supports its own poor, and 
those paupers requiring house care are sent to this almshouse,, 
and each town settles for those which they send. 

McLean:— Fisztec? July 1, 1892. 

One hundred and one inmates were present: they were gener- 
ally cleaidy in their persons, fairly well clothed and in good 
health. They have food in abundance and of great variety. 
Since last visit a one-story brick building, somewhat in the form, 
of a cross, has been erected. Its extreme length is 60 feet; it 
has a veranda fronting east, and one fronting south, and con- 
tains two dining-rooms, two attendants' i ooms, and five rooms- 
for filthy or otherwise troublesome patients, on each side of a 
central corridor. The patients' rooms are provided with privy 
seats, which are flushed with water. The building has a slate 
roof and is heated b^^ steam. It cost f4,000. A one-story 
frame building, 18x18 feet, has been added to the wash-house; 
the rooms of the main floor of the old brick building have been 
wainscoted and a neat fence has been erected in front of the 
superintendent's dwelling. A steam pump of ten horse power 
has been ordered, which, with the building for same, will cost 
about $500. The buildings were found to be in excellent con- 
dition and the rooms clean and tidily kept. Chairs are fur- 
nished in the day rooms, but stools are used in most of the 
dining-rooms. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with an 
iron bedstead, with wire mattress. The bedding was clean and 
in first-class condition ; it is changed weekly and oftener when 
necessary. The beds of filthy inmates are sometimes changed 
as often as four times a day. The store-rooms are well stocked 
with clothing, bedding and other supplies, such as are needed 
in an institution of this kind. The supplies are generally pur- 
chased in large quantities. The entire institution is heated 
comfortably by steam. The water supply is taken from two 
wells, pumped by a wind-pump, and by hand when the wind 
fails. The steam pump, when received, will elevate the water 
when the wind fails. The farm crops last year were good and 

—11 P. C. 



102 

ihf prospect for this year is fair. Tho county physician visits 
once each week and wlien called. The insane are provided witli 
attendanis of tlicii* own sex. All iIh^ inmates are now housed 
in new and comfortable quaitcrs, which, in point (jf comfort and 
convenience, are second to none. McLean county, in jn-ovidin<i: 
for its poor, has advanced rapidly to the front and deserves 
great credit. The institution and the inmates have been prop- 
erly cared for by the superintendent and his wife, and it is hoped 
that they may be long- retained to continue their good work. 

Menard:— Fisifed May 31, 1892. 

The buildino- of this institution was found to be in g-ood con- 
dition. .V new fence and <>ate have been erected in fiotit of the 
buiidinp;. The rooms were found to be clean and in <iood con- 
dition; the walls were white and the floors clean. New chairs 
have been purchased and i)laced in the dinin<i-room and sitting- 
rooms. The sleeping-rooms are furnished with chairs, stand and 
wood bedsteads. The bedding was found to be clean and in 
good condition. It is changed weekly. There were twenty-nine 
inmates present. One of the inmates, a girl, aged 18 years, 
weighs over two hundred pounds, which shows that she, at 
least, has not been starved. The food furnisiied is farndiouse 
fare and is satisfactor3'. The rooms are heated by stoves and 
an abundant sup])ly of water is taken from a well and cistern. 
The insane department has not improved in the quality of its 
odor. Foui" insane are constantly locked up and some are very 
filthy. They are locked up because they are filthy, and probably 
filthy because they are locked up. The county physician visits 
the institution when called. The crops of last year were good 
•and the prospect for this year is fair. 

^UiRcizn-.— Visitod June 20, 1892. 

The stone building of this institution was found to be in good 
repair, but the frame building in the rear was considerably 
dilapidated. Since last visit the suj)erintendent"s dwelling and 
the milk house have been re-roofed; the walls and ceilings of the 
corridors and two rooms of the paupi'r building have been 
painted, and other rooms calcimined, and a -00 barrel cistei-n 
has been constructed. The inmates dine in the kitchen and 
some of them are seated on benches. The sleeping-rooms con- 
tain chairs and bedsteads; some rooms have stands. The bed- 
ding was in good condition and clean, except that used by 
filthy inmates; it is changed weekly. The rooms are heated by 
stoves. The water supjily is from a well and cistern. It was 
scarce last year. There were thirty inmates present. One in- 
sane woman was locked in a. room on the second Hoor of the 
frame buihliiig. The su|)erintendent stated that she had torn 
three mattresses to shreds in the last few days. Thei-e was no 
matti'ess in sight at the time of this visit and she was re- 
clining on some iM-airie hay ])laced on the fioor. Th(> inmates 
were fairly well clothed and most of them were cleanly. All 



163 

seemed to be in good health. The food furnished is farm-house 
fai'e. The county physicia.n visits only when called. This alms- 
house is nearly self sustainino*. The farm crops were good last 
year, but the present prospects are poor. The insane woman 
mentioned above should be sent to a state hospital, where she 
could receive proper care and attention. A dining-room, prop- 
erly furnished, should be provided for the inmates. 

Monroe:— risiter/ April 26, 1892. 

Since last visit, the fence which formerly surrounded the court 
house grounds has been removed and placed around the o-ar- 
den of the almshouse; also a new fence has eeen placed in front 
of the building. The washout in the grounds fronting the 
building and garden has been filled up; a cinder walk, with 
stone curb, has been placed along the entire front of the 
grounds and trees planted all along the curb-stone. Trees have 
also been planted in the rear of the buildings. The walls, ceil- 
ings and floors of nearly every room and corridor have been 
well painted. The dining-rooms are furnished with tables, 
chairs and benches. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished 
with one chair, wash-stand and two or three bedsteads, as may 
be required. The bedsteads are of iron with spring steel bot- 
toms, A commode is placed in each room for the insane and 
in the sick room. The sleeping-rooms of the women are sim- 
ilarly fuj'nished. The bedding in all the rooms is in good con- 
dition, clean, and consists of excelsior mattresses, sheets, blan- 
kets and a pillow for each bed. The bedding is changed weekly. 
Inmates are well clothed, cleanly and in good health. The food 
furnished is good and ample. The almshouse has been very 
much improved in every respect under the direction of Dr. 
Wetmore, the county physician, who visits the institution daily, 
and is careful to see that the inmates have proper care. Eight 
inmates were present. 

Montgomery:— Fisii^ec/ May 26, 1892. 

Since last visit to this institution a porch has been erected on 
i;he east side of the main building. The main building seems to 
be in excellent condition on the outside and the walls of the 
rooms were clean and white. The floors of every room show 
repeated scrubbing and care. More furniture should be pro- 
vided. The dining-rooms contain tables, benches and a chair 
or two. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with a chair 
and bedsteads of iron and wood. The bedding was clean and 
in good condition. It is changed weekly. There were twenty- 
four inmates presents. They were fairly well clothed and gen- 
erally in good health. The food furnished is good and abun- 
dant. The rooms are heated comfortably by stoves and plenty 
of water is obtained from a well and two cisterns. The insane 
department is used for the confinement of the insane, unruly 
idiots and as an infirmary. This department was found to be 
in the same condition as stated in last report. It is unfit for 



164 

use uiid il is riiiel {o coiiipc'l hiiiiuiii heiii^K to lenuiin in it. Au 
offiMisiv<? odor still ])ollutes the air. 'I'he coiintv pliVKiriau 
vi.sits the almshouse once a week and wlien called tor. The 
farm eroj>s lust yeai* were ji^-ood. hut the ])ros|)ect for this year 
is bad. 

Moun.vN: -Yisht^d June I't, JSOl*. 

The buildin<;s of this institution were found to be in excellent 
repair. The walls of the corridors and rooms were clean and 
white, and the floors show fiequent applications of soap and 
water. All the rooms were neat and tidy, exceijt in the insane 
department and those are neatly kept considering the occupants. 
Chairs are needed in the dininji- and sittin(»-rootns. Many of 
the inmates are old and infirm, and the sujtport that chairs 
would g-ive would add much to their comfort. The siecpinj^;- 
rooms arc furnished with chairs, stands and wooden l)edstcads. 
Ii-on bedsteads are used in the insane department. The bed- 
ding was in good condition, clean and tidily kept. esi)ecially in 
the rooms occupied by the women; it is changetl weekly. The 
institution is heated by steam. Water is supplied from wells 
and cisterns and is abundant. Tiie drain is in good order. 
The county physician visits once each week and when called. 
The farm ci'ops were good last year, and the ])ros]iect for this 
is promising. Thei-e were eighty-four inmates ])resent: they were 
fairly well clothed, genei-ally cleanly in their ])ersons and enjoy- 
ing good health. The food furnished is abundant and excellent 
in quality. All the laundry work is at present done by hand, 
which is of considerable magnitude with near one hundred in- 
mates. A steam washer should be purchased. This institution 
and the inmates are well cared for. 

Morgan, Oak Lawn l\KTnEAT:—\'isited June 1~>. 1892. 

Since last visit, the west wing, called "Dumbarton Castle," 
has been erected and 'is now near completion. It is similai- to 
the east wing and will cost !ifl2, ()()(). The administration build- 
ing, which will be situated between the two wings, will be erected 
in the near future. The structure as at first planned will then 
be complete. The building will be heated by steam, and city 
water will be furnished on every fiooi-. There wei-e foi-ty-nine 
insane ])atients present; nearly al! of tlieni from oilier states. 
The pa,ti«Mits ai"e ai-rang<'d in two class(\s; the first class afe 
those who are able to i)ay liberally for their care and attention, 
and the second class ar<! pauj)ers whose expenses are paid by 
the states who send them there. The dining-rooms, sitting- 
rooms and sleeping-rooms of the first class are well furnished 
and carpeted, while those of the secotid class are comfortably 
furnished but not so elegantly. The inmates of the first class 
are well clothed and tli(» inmates of the second class are poorly 
clothed. All, with some few exceptions, are cleaidy in their 
persons and in the enjoyment of health. Since the (late of the 
last visit, the venerable head of this institution, Dr. Andrew 



165 

lIoFarlaiid, committed suicide, and by will directed that Miss 
Anna H. McFaiiand, M. I)., his o-raiid daughter, should be the 
superintendent of the institution after his death. Miss McFar- 
land, M. D., is now the superintendent of the institution and 
Dr George C. McFarland acts as manager. 

Moultrie: — Visited Jane 7, 1892. 

The main building at this institution appeared to be in 
good condition on the outside. The walls of the rooms were 
somewhat soiled by smoke and dust from the furnace. The 
floors were clean. More furniture is much needed. The dining- 
room has chairs, but, when used there, the sitting-rooms are 
empty. The sleeping-rooms have each only an old iron bed- 
stead, taken from the old buildings, which had bettei- have been 
destroyed with the buildings. Some rooms are entirely empty. 
The bedding was in fair condition and is changed once a week. 
The rooms are heated comfortably by a furnace. An abundant 
supply of water is obtained from a w^ell, pumped by a wind- 
pump into a tank. The farm crops were good last year, but 
the prospect for this year is poor. The county physician visits 
once each month and when called. There were seventeen in- 
mates present; they Avere fairly weU clad and generally in good 
health. Farm-house fare is furnished and is satisfactory. 

OGI.JL:— Visited August 24, 1802. 

Forty-five inmates were present; they are well clothed, well 
fed, cleanly in their persons and in excellent health. Male in- 
mates have stools for seats at the dining-table, and female in- 
mates have chairs. The sleeping-rooms are each furnished with 
a chair, a stand and an iron bedstead with wire mattress. The 
bedding is not allowed to remain soiled ; it is changed once a 
week and as often as necessary. The grounds in fi'ont of the 
main building are neatly kept in lawn and flower beds, and the 
rear grounds are free from rubbish. The buildings are in good 
repair. The walls and ceilings of the corridors and rooms are 
white and clean, and the floors, which are partly covered with 
rag rugs and carpets, were as clean as possible. The insane de- 
partment is clean and neatly kept. The insane have the liberty 
to go and come at their own will, are orderly, and give very 
little trouble. The buildings are comfortably heated by furnaces 
in the coldest weather. An abundant water supply is obtained 
from a well, pumped by a wind-pump to a tank, from which it 
flows to all parts of the buildings. The farm crops last year 
were good and the present year promises abundantly. The 
county physician is seldom calbd. It is said of this place that 
persons determined to die go elsewhere. The amounts paid by 
towns for pauper relief could not be ascertained, as no report of 
such expenditures are filed with the county clerk. 

Veorja :— Visited June 21, 1892. 

The buildings of this institution were found to be in excellent 
repair. The rooms and corridors in every department were clean. 



16G 

and tidv. The haseiiioiit of tlie insane (]«'partinont has beem 
nuK-li iin|)i"()\>'(l in I'dation to cleanliness and neatness. Since 
last visit a hake-cjven has be<.Mi ei-ected, and a pond, which was 
nientioned in last leport, has been consti-ncted. which furnishes 
an ai)undance of water, wliich is conveyed to every part of the 
building- by a steani-])unij), ami a sn])])ly of hose has been fur- 
nished for use in case of tire. The keeper stated that "this 
water is a great convenience, and the wonder is that they 
ever got along without it." The dining- and sitting-ioonis 
should be furnished with chairs, so that the old and infirm 
might have the needed support which chairs would give. The bed- 
steads used are of wood and iron, but mostly of wood. The 
bedding was clean and generally tidy: it is changed once a week. 
The county ])hysician visits once each week and when called. 
The farm pioduced good crops last year and promises an 
abundance this year. There were one hundred and forty in- 
mates present; they were lairly well clothed, generally cleanly ia 
their persons and in the enjcyment of good health. They are 
furnished with an abundance of excellent bread and meat and a 
profusion of the products of the garden. The superintendent 
stated that a rej)ortei- from Chicago, who visited the institution 
last winter, stated that a boy was seen at this institution whose 
hands were frozen while in the building. The superintendent 
states that this is not true, as tiie i-ooms were comfortably 
heated, and that the boy's hands wei-e always blue, as with cold, 
on account of imperfect cii-culation, and that the boy has been 
in that condition for a. long time and remains so etill. The in- 
stitution and inmates have excellent care. 

Vkiuiy:— Visited April 28, 1S'9l\ 

The building was found to be in good condition, except the 
roof, which leaks in scn'eral places. Inside the buildinii- the walla 
and ceilings need whitewashing and the wood-work might be 
improved by paint. The |)lastering is off the ceiling in ])laces, 
in consequence of the leaky roof. The dining-i-oom is fui-nished 
Avith table and chaiis. The slee])ing-r()oms are each furnished 
with one chaii- and an iron bedstead with wire matti-ess or iron 
slats. The b(»ddiiig in the men's rooms is not in good condition 
and in some cases is woin out. The bedding in the women's 
rooms is in a little bettei- i'ondilion. ^Plie beddiuii' used by both 
sexes is changed weekly. The rooms W(M-e fairly well kept. The 
inmates were well clot lied, cleanly and generally in good health. 
The food furnishfMl is good farm-house fare. The sitting- and 
dining-iooms are heated comfoi-tably by stov»'s; the sleeping- 
rooms are not li(»a,led. The water supply is from a cistern, but 
is inadequate; water had to l)e hauled last summer. The crops 
were good last \a\v and the prospect is good this year. Tlie 
county ]ihysician visits the almshouse when called. The build- 
ing needs a new roof and the interior sliould be painted and 
wliitewMslied. Tliei'e were niin" inni;ites j)r<'si'nt . 



167 

Fiatt:— Visited June 10, 1802. 

Since last visit to this institution a one-story frame building,. 
82x16 feet, has been erected, for the use of the male inmates; 
it contains three rooms: one of them is used as a sittino^-room 
and the others for sleeping-rooms. The building cost about 
f3C0. A coal-house, which cost $100, has also been erected. 
A never-failing well, which is about 60 feet from the buildings,, 
has been piped to a cistern near by, in which a force-pump is. 
placed. The floor of the back porch has been relaid and the 
plastering removed from the ceiling and lumber substituted. 
The painters were at work at the time of this visit, and their 
contract will not be completed until the entire woodwork inside 
and outside, including the floors, shall have been painted. The 
buildings were in good condition and the walls of the rooms 
clean and white, and the floors, were as clean as posssble. The 
dining- and sitting-rooms are furnished with chairs, and the 
sleeping-rooms are each provided with a chair a stand, and a 
wood bedstead. The bedding is in good condition and clean 
and is changed once a week. The rooms are tidily kept and 
are heated by stoves. Farm crops last year were fair and the 
prospect for this year is good. The county physician visits 
when called. There were thirteen inmates present; they are 
faii'ly well clothed, c eanly in their persons and generally in 
good health. Good farm-house fare is furnished. 

Pike: — Visited June 16, 1892, in company with Hon. W. A. 
Grinishaw. 

Since last visit to this institution the old frame structure 
named in the last report as a fire- crap has been removed, and 
a two-story brick building, 3t>x50 feet, has been erected between 
the insane department and the brick building north. The first 
floor has a corridor on the north end, from which a central 
corridor runs south to the entrance of the lower floor of the 
insane department ; on the west side of the central corridor are 
a sitting-room, a closet, a stairway to the cellar and a stair- 
w^a}' to the rooms above; also, two bath-rooms. On the east 
side of the corridor there are two rooms. The second floor has 
similar ])artitions, and the hall leads to the second floor of the 
insane department. The new building and nearly all the rooms 
of other buildings, used by paupers, are now heated by steam. 
The building cost $3,500 and the steam apparatus f 1,01 7. 
The buildings were all in oood repair. Many of the walls of 
the rooms of the old building have been painted. The floors 
show that they have been frequently scrubbed. The rooms 
w'ere all furnished with chairs. The sleeping-rooms each have a 
stand and an iron bedstead with a wire mattress. The bed- 
ding was clean, in good condition, and the rooms tidily kept. 
An abundance of water is obtained from a well and cistern. 
There were fifty-eight inmates present; they were fairly well 
clothed, generally cleanly in their persons and in good health. 
The food furnished is abundant and is of good quality. Th^ 



108 

<-()iiiiiy i>li vsiciaii visits ofcasionally and winjii cailtMi. The new 
buildiii};' and olhci- \ahiabU* iinpi-oveinenls will add mui-li to the 
^•onifoi't of the inmates. Tlio bnildinj^s and inmate's have ('Xccl- 
Jent care. 

ViKE -.— VisitiHl M.iv .;. ISUL' 

Tiiis (.-ounty has no almshouse. The ])aupers who require 
Louse care are kei)t in diffeit^nt jjarts of the county. The le- 
ports state that ail the inmates receive proper care, are well 
clothed and fed and that their <reneral health is ^ood. There 
^re fourteen persons cared for l)y the county at the different 
places. 

PuL.vsKi: — Visited May 7, 1SifL\ 

At the time of the last visit the buildings had been recently 
destroyed. Since tiiat time a one-and-a-half-stoiy frame build- 
ing, >5j!x^i2 feet, has been erected for the occupancy of the su- 
perintendent. This building contains four rooms and a hall on 
the first Hoor and three rooms up stairs. A house for the 
paupers has also been erected. It is a one-story frame buihling 
a,nd contains eight sleej)ing-i-()()ms and a sitting-room. The 
"walls and ceilings are lined with boards, making a safe harbor 
for the bed-pest. T\u' dimensions of this building are '-!2x ,0 
feet. The dining-room is in the superintendent's building and 
is furnished with tables and chairs. The sleei)ing-rooms are 
fui-nished with chairs and ii-on bedsteads with wire mattresses. 
The bedding was found to be of the poorest charactei', badly 
Avorn and dirty, and should be destroyed. It is owned by the 
county. Inmates are not well clothed. They are well fed and 
generally in good health, fhe building is heated by a stove 
placed in the sitting-room. A cistern supplies a portion of the 
Avater used; the greater ])art has to be hauled (piite adistance. 
There were loui- inmates present. The ])liysi(ian visits when 
called foi-. The (;rops on the farm last yeai- wei-e good and the 
pi'os})e(;t foi' this yeai- is g<jod. 

PivrsAw:— Visited Auf>ust !), lSi)2. 

This almshouse is an old farm house and no s])ecial ]iro\ision 
lias been made for paupers. Th(d)uilding was in i)0()r condition. 
The rooms were moderately clean and the bedding was clean 
and tidily kept. The diiiiiig-ioom is provid(>d with chaii's, and 
the sleej)ing rooms are fuinished with chairs, stands and wood 
bedsteads. The rooms are heated by stoves, and the watei' sup- 
ply is from a well and cistern, which are often di-y. when 
-water lias to be hauled from a distance*. There are foui- iiiiiiates 
pi'esent: they were modei'ately well clot lied, cleanly and in good 
]i(\alth. Tlicy have farm-house fare. 

Uandom'h:— 7/s7/cJ Ajtril l'7, lS!fL\ 

Since last visil the walls, c(Mlings, and (looi's of the asylum 
building, ami ilif walls, ceilings, and (looi-s of the new frame 



169 

buildiiio" and the interior and exterior of the superintendent's 
dwelling have been painted The older buildings remain in the 
same condition as heretofore. The dining-room is furnished with 
tables and chairs; the men occupy tlie first table and the women 
eat afterwards. Sleeping-rooms are each furnished with one chair, 
one stand and one wood bedstead. The bedding is in poor 
condition, badly worn and might be much improved in regard 
to cleanliness. The bedding is changed weekly. The asylum is 
heated by a furnace and the other buildings by stoves. All are 
comfortably heated. The water supply is from a cistern, gener- 
ally abundant, but scarce last summer. The superintendent 
states that the old buildings are densely populated with bed- 
bugs, but that none of the inmates carr^^ lice upon their per- 
sons. The county physician visits occasionally and when called 
for. There were thirty-five inmates present. The inmates are 
Avell fed, not very well clothed, and generally in good health. 
The county authorities do not do justice to this institution. 
Bath-tubs should be provided, and the old buildings should be 
replaced by new ones, and a new stock of bedsteads should be 
i'urnished. 

EiCHLANu:— T7s77e«i May 20, 1892. 

Since last visit to this place the old rookery has been sold and 
taken away, and a two-story building has been erected, which 
€Ost about .$ 1.700. The building is 47x25 feet, and has a wing 
on each side lixKi feet. The first floor contains eight rooms 
and two halls, and the second floor has ten rooms and two 
halls. The dining-room is furnished with a table and chairs. 
The sleeping-rooms are furnished with a chair and wood bed- 
stead. There were only three inmates present, and they were 
i'airly well clothed and in good health. The food furnished is 
farm-house fare. The rooms are comfortably heated by stoves. 
The water supply is from a well. More furniture should be sup- 
plied. The farm did not produce much last yeav and the pros- 
pect for this year is bad. 

Rock I^-j.k^w.— Visited August 10, 1892, in company with 
Hon. John M. Gould. 

Since last visit a two-story brick building, 18x28 feet, has 
been constructed. The first floor is used as a bakery and the 
second floor for sleeping-rooms. The building cost f 1,000. A 
well has been bored 420 feet, which is pumped by steam and 
gives a ])lentiful supply of water. A barn has been constructed, 
which is 80x48 feet, and cost •! 800. A door has been placed on 
the south side of the second story of the women's insane de- 
partment, and a stairway erected which leads to the airing 
court, and the basement rooms have been abandoned as sleep- 
ing-rooms. The buildings were in fair condition, especially the 
new ones. The rooms and corridors were neatly kept and the 
floors show repeated scrubbing. The dining-rooms are well 
furnished with chairs, and the tables are white with the use of 



ITO 

Koap and hi-nsli. Tlie slp«')>iri<;-i-0()Tns are each furnished with a 
fliair. a stand and an iron be(Jstead. The bedding- is clean and 
in excedcnt condition. All the rooms are heated by steam. 
Tliei-e were one hundi-ed inmates pi-esent. One of the male in- 
mates came from Belgium within the last twelve months, and 
was lyinj:,- sick with tyj)lioid fever and not expix-ted to recover. 
A colored female inmate is said to be lOG yeai's of a«»e. She is 
still (juite active. The inmates ai-e well dressed, cleanly in their 
])ersons and generally in <»ood liealth. The food furnished is g:ood, 
abundant and well served. The insane department was i)erfectlj 
<lean and the inmates were neatly dressed, and wei-e allowed 
the use of the corridors and airin<i- couits durin,i>- the day. 
lOacli sex is provided with an attendant. The farm ci'ops were 
abundant last year and the })rosi)ect for the ])resent year is 
good, except for potatoes. The front grounds were neatly kept 
in lawn and flower beds, and no rubbish is allowed in the rear. 

SAL.mE.— Visited Miiv 10, 1892. 

bince last visit the county has contracted with Mr. Jolm 
Douglas to care for the paupers. The county furnishes the old 
farm and buildings an<l pays the keeper .fGD for feediuir and 
clothing each inmate, furnishing medical attention and paying 
buiial ex])enses. The dining-rooms are furnished with tables, 
<liaiis and benches and with a dirt floor. The sleeping-rooms 
are furnished with chairs and w'ood bedsteads. The bedding in 
the men's rooms is clean and in fair condition. The bedding in 
the womeus rooms is in good condition, clean and tidy. There 
\ver<' twenty-niup inmates present. They wei-e fairly well clothed, 
tolerably cleaidy in their ])ei'Sons and appeared to be in good 
health genei'ally. They have an abundance of good plain food. 
One of the inmates is an idiot whose father and mother were 
brothel- and sister. The I'ooms are ])i-i]icipall\' heat<Ml by stoves. 
The water su])ply is from a cistoi-n, but the supi)ly is inadequate, 
and water had to be hauled during last winter. Farm crops in 
1891 were good, but the prospect for this year is not good. 
The main buildinjz' needs a new roof and repairs generally. 
Th(! floors of the kitchen and dining-rooms are the native soil, 
(lood faruKM's ])lace tiooi's in their ]iig-])ens. I)u1 Saline county 
in this res]»ect tr»>ats its ])au])ei\s woi'se than ])igs. The one- 
story fi-ame building is but a shell; the wind blows through in 
eveiy direction. It should be lined oi" ])las(ered. 

S.wgamo.n: — \'isitt'fj }^(>j)foinb('r -V, 1Si)2. 

During the last two yeai-s the walls and ceilings of the coi-ri- 
dors, stairways, seven rooms in the west wing, and the dining- 
room have been painted, and the work was nearly all done by 
the inmates; new flooi-s have been laid in the kitchen, wash- 
I'oom, and the men's sit t ing-i'oom ; the diuinii-room has been 
well su])i)iied with chairs; one do/en iron Ix^dsteads, wire mat- 
tresses, have been purcliascMl ; an ic(>-h()nse has been erected and 
a tile drain has been i)laced in the cemetery. The front grounds 



171 

are arranged in lawn, flowers and shade trees, and the rear 
grounds are neatly kept and free of rubbish. The building' is 
in o-ooil repair. The walls and ceilings of the rooms that are 
not painted were clean and white. The floors, in every depart- 
ment, show that soap, water, brushes and muscle have been 
freely used. The bedrooms are furnished with chairs, stands 
and bedsteads of wood or of iron, with wire mattresses. The 
bedding was clean, tidy and in good condition; it is changed 
once each week. Ninety-six inmates were present, of whom the 
larger number are old and infirm; they are generally cleanly in 
their persons and in fair health. The food supplied is whole- 
some and abundant. Beef of good quality is pui'chased by the 
carcass and kept in a refrigerator until used. Flour is bought 
in large quantities, and a baker is employed, who makes bread 
that would compare favorably with the products of city bakeries. 
Dinner was served to the inmates in the presence of the visitor. 
The meat was well cooked and the bread was excellent. Tne 
table was liberally supplied with corn bread, and a variety of 
vegetables, fresh from the garden. Extra dinners, embracing 
the luxuries of the season, are served each holiday. The insane, 
with an exception of two, are allowed the largest liberty, and 
the superintendent stated that they are more quiet and orderly, 
and much less trouble to care for than when confined in the 
building. The building is comfortably heated by steam, and the 
water supply is from a never-failing well, from which water is 
pumped by a wind-mill to a tank in the attic, from which it 
flows to the principal parts of the building. The drug room is 
well supplied with a large variety of drugs and medicines. The 
county physician visits twice each week and when called. The 
farm and garden crops wei-e abundant last year and this year's 
prospects are fair. A new floor is needed in the dining-room. 
The walls of the men's sitting-room, and of rooms occupied by 
some of the insane, were wet as high as the surface of the earth. 
This should be remedied immediately. It is unreasonable to ex- 
pect persons living in such places to remain in a healthy con- 
dition. This institution is in good hands. Everything is neat 
and clean and the inmates are kindly cared for. 

ScB.VYJ.Eii:— Visited June 22, 18i)2. 

Since last visit, a one-storj' brick building, 21x30 feet, has 
been erected for the occupancy of the insane; it contains four 
rooms, and the building cost f 1,400. There has been no change 
in the other buildings. The wood partitions of the main build- 
ing still remain to afford harbor for the bed-pest, and the in- 
mates are constantly trying to reduce their number. The build- 
ings were in fair repair, and the walls and ceilings of the rooms 
were recently whitewashed, and the floors are generally kept 
clean. Furniture is scarce, and the inmates are seated on benches 
in the dining- and sitting-rooms. The sleeping-rooms are fur- 
nished with bedsteads and chairs; some of them contain a stand. 
Some of the bedsteads are of wood and others of iron. The- 



172 

Ix-ddiiii:' U(M)('rall_\' was clean aij<l in iiioderale condition; it is 
changed weekly. The rooin.s are heated by stoves and the 
water sii))j)ly is t'l-oin a well and cistern. The eroj)s last year 
were <iood and tlie prospect for this year is <40od. The connty 
])hysician visits once each w(^(;k and ot'tener wlien needeil. There 
were tiiirty-two inmates present; they wei-e moderately well 
cIoiIkmI. iieneially cleaidy in their ])ersons and in <i(jod health. 
The food furnished seems to be abundant and of considerable 
variety. More, chairs should be furnished and tlie wood parti- 
tion in the main buildin<» should be removed, and new plastered 
rooms should take the place of the old ones. 

Scott:— Visitf^d June 14, 1892. 

The buildin<.»" that was in process of erection at the time of 
last visit has been completed, and it presents a fine apj)earance. 
It is- now occupied by the suj)erintendent and his ffUnily. The 
old buildinsi,- was in good condition: the walls of the rooms have 
been recently whitewaslKxl and the floors were clean. The din- 
in<i,-rooni is furnished with chairs, and the sleepino-rooms are 
each })rovided with a chair and an iron bedstead with wire mat- 
tress. The beddino; was clean and in f>ood condition and is 
changed weekly. The rooms are now comfortably heated by steam 
except in the sitting-rooms. An abundance of water is obtained 
from a well and cistern. The county jihysician visits the insti- 
tution when called. The crops of 1891 were good and there 
is a, |)ros])ect for good (.-i-oixs the ])re.-ent year. There were six- 
teen inmates ]jresent; they were fairly well clothed, genei-ally 
ch'anly and in good health. Two insane men were iound in 
cells in the basement, who are taken out only occasionally and 
])laced in an airing court, which has been recently constructed. 
The inmates have a plentiful supply of good food. 

Sheluv: — Visited .June 6', 1S92. 

A frame coal-house has been erected since the last visit to this 
almshouse. The outside of the buildings w^re in good condi- 
tion, but the walls of th(^ rooms and corridors inside were dai'k 
and needed whitewash. Tln^ lloors were moderately clean. Two 
of the I'ooms in the main building, which were formerly occu- 
pied by insane inmates, throw out an offensive odoi-. The in- 
sane dej)artment, the rooms of which are occuj)ied by sane and 
insane women as sleei)ing ai)a.i-tment s were moderately clean, 
<'\'eept those occupied by the filthy insane. An offensive odor 
pervades the (Mitii'e department . The beds and bedding in some 
cases wei-e \o.vy filthy, "^riie small building, occupied l)y a liltliy 
idiot, still T-emains to ])olute the air. The insan(> women and a 
filthy idiotic boy, aged 1*.> yeai's, were found in the airing court. 
The idiotic boy was partly nude, and exposi^l his ])erson. It 
woulil siMMu to be vei-y improper to allow this boy to occupy 
the same aii'ing court with the insane women. l"^urnitui"(^ is 
8carce everywhei-e in this establishment; t Ikmv are no chairs in 
the dining- and sitting-rooms, and the slee])ing-rooms have no 
furniture^ excejit the beds. The bedsteads are of iron and wood. 



173 

The wood bedsteads are old and have been homes for jienera- 
tions of bed-bu^s, and when the bedsteads are over-populated 
the partitions of the rooms, which are of wood, affords plenty 
of room for the increase. The bedding- in most cases is in poor 
condition; the blankets were old and of a dark color and did 
not appear to be clean. The sheets and pillow slips are changed 
weekly. The rooms are heated by stoves and an abundance of 
water is obtained from a well and cistern. There were thirty- 
three inmates present. They were fairly well clothed, generally 
cleanly in their persons and in good health. They are fur- 
nished with farmhouse fare. The county physician visits only 
when called and sometimes not then. The crops were good last 
year and there is a fair prospect this year. 

Stabk:— Visited June 30, 1892. 

There were only seven inmates present; not half the number 
present two years ago. The inmates were poorly clothed, and, 
with an exception or two, cleanly in their persons. They were 
in good health and seemed to be well cared for. The building 
was in excellent repair. The rooms looked new and the walls 
were white and clean. The- rooms are well furnished. The bed- 
ding was clean and in good condition and is changed once a 
week. The rooms are heated by steam. The water supply, 
which is abundant, is from a well. The crops of last year were 
good, but the prospect for this year is poor. The basement, 
which contains a kitchen, two dining-rooms, pantries and a 
cellar, was flooded a few days ago, in consequence of the heavy 
rain fall, but was nearly dry at the time of this visit. No 
county physician is employed. The building and inmates seem 
to have excellent care. 

St. Ci.A.m:— Visited April 25, 1892. 

Since last visit the small one-story brick building, formerly 
used as the superintendent's rooms, has been removed and a 
two-story brick building, 69x46 feet, has been erected in its 
place. The first story consists of a sewing-room, wardrobe and 
sleeping-rooms for females, and superintendent's apartments, 
with bath-rooms and water-closets. The second floor has eight 
cells for insane female patients, three sleeping-rooms and a 
dining-room. A two-story brick building, 60x40 feet, has been 
erected in the rear of the main building. It contains sleeping- 
rooms and a store-room on second floor; and a dining-room, 
kitchen, bake-room and laundry on the first floor. The build- 
ings were in good condition, inside and outside. The men's 
dining-room is furnished with tables, stools and benches ; two 
chairs were also in the room. The furniture in the women's 
dining-room consists of tables and chairs. Three men's sleeping- 
rooms have 22 beds, 20 beds and 14 bpds, respectively, and 
each room has two chairs and a stand. There are two beds in 
each cell for the insane. The women's sleeping-rooms are each 
furnished with one stand, one chair and one bedstead for each 



174 

iuniate. The bedsteads are a comljiiiatioii of iron and wood. 
The beddiii**' in the men's rooms each consists of a straw-tick 
or moss mattress with two pillows and a sheet. The bedding 
is in good condition and clean. It is changed weekly. The in- 
mates are well clothed and generally in good health. The food 
is fui-nished plentifully and is of good (juality. The buildings 
occui)icd by infirm old men and women arc licatcd by stoves. 
The main buildings are heated by steam. The drain works 
well. The water supply is from wells and cistei-ns. The supply 
was scarce last summer. The rooms were generally well venti- 
lated. Rats and mice are troublesome and bed-bugs have taken 
up quart(irs in the old wooden bedsteads. The insane and sick 
have medical attention daily. Each sex of the insane has a 
special attendant. The insane are at liberty during the 
day. The building and the inmates seem to be well cared for. 
Ninety-four inmates were present. 

STEPHKiis()s:—]'}sited August 17, 18i)'2. 

The grounds which surround the residence of the su])erin- 
tendent wei-e found to be in their usual admirable condition. 
The lawn was shorn as smooth and was as clean as a new 
Brussels carpet. The miniature log-cabin was almost hidden by 
vines and Howers. The fountain basin has been repaired and 
the flow of the water, although not on an extensive scale, gives 
additional beauty. The ground around the other buildings have 
also care and attention and are neatly kept. The walks had 
the appearance of being regularly scrubbed. The buildings, on 
the outside, were in good repair. The walls of the rooms were 
as white as if new and the floors were spotlessly clean. The 
men's dining-room is furnished with chairs and benches, and in 
the women's dining room the inmates are seated on chairs. The 
bedding was clean, in good condition and tidily kept. It is 
changed once each week and oftener when necessary. The rooms 
are heated comfortably by furnaces. The water supply for 
drinking purposes comes directly from a well, and for other 
purposes it is pumped by a wind mill to a tank in the attic of 
the insane departnent, to which hose is attached, ready for use 
in case of fire. The cro])s of 1891 were excellent and a fair croj) 
is expected this year. In this county each town cares for its 
own ])oor (except the insane, wlio are a county charge). They 
send those wdio need house care to the almshouse and pay for 
their board and clothing. The receipts from this source" and 
fi'om farm products amounted last year to |l,544-.40. Forty 
innmt(?s were present; they were well fed, fairly well clothed, 
generally cleanly in their person and in good health. The 
average numbei- of innnites present last year was 42, and the 
average? per capita, (;ost was I^Jl.To. The county ])hysician 
calls twice a week and oftener when necessary. Since last visit 
the wood partitions of the second story of the insane depart- 
ment have been removed and brick walls substituted; new floors 
have been laid in the dining- and sitting-rooms of the stone 



175 

building; the floors and other woodwork of the sleeping-rooms 
have been painted; new roofs have been placed on the corn-crib 
and piggerj' and a new chimney has been erected in the wash- 
house. Everything is kept clean and in the best of order at 
this institution and the inmates are kindly cared for. 

Tazewell:— Fisi^ec? June 20, 1892. 

The buildings of this institution were found to be in fair re- 
pair, except the building occupied by the male paupers, the 
plastering of which is falling off in many places. The walls and 
ceilings of all the rooms have been recently whitewashed and 
the floors are generally clean. The dining-room and men's sit- 
ting-rooms should be supplied with chairs and benches used for 
other purposes. The sleeping-rooms are moderately well fur- 
nished. The bedding was in fair condition in the men's rooms, 
and that in the women's rooms was in good condition, clean 
and tidily kept. The rooms are heated comfortably by stoves. 
An abundant supply of water is obtained from cisterns and 
wells. Farm crops of 1891 v/ere good, and there is a fair pros- 
pect for a good crop this year. There were sixty-eight inmates 
present; they were fairly well clothed, generally cleanly in their 
persons and in good health. Farmhouse fare seems to be satis- 
factory to the inmates. The walls of the dining-room were 
damp. A basement, so much underground, is a poor place for 
a dining-room. Since last visit, a one-story frame building, 
12x16 feet, has been added to the north end of the wash-house, 
and it contains two rooms, which are used as bath-rooms, one 
for each sex. The county physician visits once each week and 
when called. 

Union:— Fisi^ed April 30. 1892. 

The buildings occupied by paupers are in fair condition, but 
paint has not been used on any part of the buildings for years. 
The inmates dine in the superintendent's dining-room. The 
sleeping-rooms are fairly well furnished and the bedding is ample 
and clean, but is much worn and should be renewed. It is 
changed weekly. Inmates are well clothed, well fed and in 
good health. An abundant water supply is obtained from two 
cisterns. Rats and bed-bugs are troublesome. The crops of 1891 
were excellent. The sales from the farm amounted to .f 1,219.90, 
of which amount 1632.40 was paid out by the superintendent, 
leaving a balance of .foST.oO belonging to the county. The 
county physician visits when called. There were twelve inmates 
present. The inmates and farm are well cared for by the super- 
intendent, but the county authorities are slow in making needed 
repairs and in furnishing facilities for the comfort of the inmates. 

Vermilion:— Fisit;ed/z7Z3e .9, 1892. 

A two-story frame building, 28x31 feet, has been erected, for 
the occupancy of the superintendent and his family. The build- 
ing has four rooms on the first floor and three on the second 
floor. The old buildings are in good repair. The rooms and 



17G 

corridciis of the insane dcjjart nicnt were csjjccially near and 
clean. All the other rooms of the institution were kept in <i:ood 
order and the floors clean. The dinin<2:-rooni and all the sleep- 
inji,-roon)s are furnished wiih chairs. The sleepinji-roonis Inive 
wood bedsteads, exeept in the rooms of the insane, which are 
of ii'on. The beddin*;- in all the rooms was in <;ood condition 
and clean; it is (^han'i.vd weekly. Some of the rooms 'are cwiu- 
fortably heated by a furnace and others by stoves. An abun- 
dance of water is obtained from a well. The farm crops for 
last year and the prospect for this year is fair. There were 
forty-four inmates present; they were fairly well clothed, cleanly 
and gvnerally in «ood health. The food is abundant and of 
good quality. The county physician visits only when called. 

Wabash:— F/A/ter/ May 19, 180'J. 

The buildings oi this almshouse are of the poorest description. 
The plastering is off in seveial ])laces. Tli(» rooms are kept as 
clean as the condition of the buildings will allow. The su])eiin- 
tendent and his family and the paupers all dine in the same 
room, and all can be seated at the table on chairs. The sleep- 
ing-rooms are furnished with chairs, stands and wood bedsteads. 
The bedding is in good condition and clean; it is changed weekly. 
There were seven inmates ])resent; they were pooi-ly clothed, 
but cleanly and generally in good health. They have plenty of 
good farndiouse fare. The rooms are heated by stoves. The 
water su])ply is from a well and cistern and is generally aiiund- 
ant. The fai-m crops were good in 1891 and the prospect for 
a fair crop is good. 

Warren:— Visited .June 27, 18i)L\ 

Since last visit considerable improvements have taken place 
at this almshouse. \n addition to the wash-house has been 
erected, which cost ."?1()(). a watei- tank has been erected and 
enclosed, a tubular well has been bored, to a de])th of 1 28 feet, 
attached to whi('h is a wind-pump, which conveys water to the 
tank, and the tank has a |)ipe connection to the house, to the 
kitchen, and to a hydrant in the yard; eighty feet of hose has 
been purchased, and the inside woodwork of all the rooms, and 
the outside of the barn, have been painted. These im]irov«Mnents 
cost f(J75. Xew floors have been laid in the kitchen, dining- 
room, and insan<' dejtartment and stairways renew(»d. There 
wei'«! forty inmates |)r(>sent ; they wei-e fairly W(>11 clotluMl. clcaidy 
and in good health. The food provided gives satisfaction. I'he 
rooms are heated by stoves, 'i'lie bedding is genei-ally in good 
condition and neatly kept; it is changed weekly. The cro|)s of 
last year were uood, but tlie prosi ect for this year is not ^ood. 
The county physician visits only when called. A maiked im- 
provement has taken place at this almshous(\ The superin- 
tendent is doing well in the care of the buildin«'s and of the in- 
mates. Ilis work would be more apparent had h(^ bcttei- build- 
ings. 



Washington:— Fis/Yer? May 11, 1802. 

SiDce last visit to this almshouse, a new roof has been place(f 
on the building; the basement has been drained and is now 
used as a kitchen. Chairs have been purchased and placed in 
the dinino'-room ami in the different rooms of the inmates. The 
building- was found to be in good condition generally. The din- 
ing-room is furnished with tables, chairs and benches. The 
sleeping-rooms are each furnished with a chair and an iron bed- 
stead. The bedding consists of straw mattresses, blankets,, 
sheets, pillows and pillow-cases. Bedding is changed weekly and; 
oftener when necessary. The inmates are fairly well clothed, 
and appear to be in good health. The food furnished is good 
and abundant. The almshouse is comfortably heated by stoves. 
The water supply' is from a cistern, which affords an abundant 
supply. The crops for 1891 were good and the prospects for 
this year are good. The superintendent states that the old and 
infirm inmates have difficulty in reaching their rooms. A one- 
story cottage for such inmates would not be very expensive, but 
would add much to the comfort of that class. There were 
eighteen inmates present. The count}^ physician visits once each 
week, and when called for. 

Wayne:— Fisitec? May 19, 1892. 

Since last visit a new floor has been laid in the first floor of 
the building, occupied by the female paupers. Otherwise the 
buildings are about in the same condition as last reported. The 
dining-room is furnished with a table, and some miserable 
apologies for chairs, and the sitting-room is empty when the 
dining-room is occupied. The furniture is scarce every Avhere. 
The bedsteads are mostly of wood; some in the insane depart- 
ment are of iron. The chairs, bedsteads and bedding are infirm 
and in some cases are entirely worn out. The keeper seems to 
be doing what he can to have matters clean and tidy and com- 
fortable for the inmates, but the county authorities fail to per- 
form their duty. An expenditure of one hundred dollars would 
provide furniture and bedding sufficient to add much to the com- 
fort and convenience of the inmates. There were twent3-four in- 
mates present. The inmates are poorly clothed and geneia.lly 
in good health; they have an abundance of good food. The 
rooms are comfortably heated by stoves. The water supply is 
from a well and cistern and is abundant. The farm crops last 
year were fair. The prospect for crops this year is good. The^ 
county physician visits the inmates when called. 

White:— Fisitef/ May 3, 1892. 

Since last visit the outside of the building has been painted^ 
The inside of the building needs painting and the plastering is^ 
broken in places. The dining-room is furnished with tables, 
chairs and benches. The sleeping-rooms have each wood bed- 
steads (which are hiding places foi- the bed pest) straw bed» 
sheets, pillows and blankets. The bedding was not in first-class- 
—12 P. C. 



178 

^condition. It was r-loan, It was diaiiLipd wockly. Tlio inmates 
are poorly clothed. The food furnished is phiin; coffee and meats 
three times a day: wlieat bread once, and (.orn bread twice, each 
-day. The keeper furnishes the above bill of fare, clothes the in- 
mates, and receives the sum of twelve and a half cents i)er day 
for each inmate. The county authorities do not expect the 
keeper to fiiiiiish '• Delmonico "' faie, nor have they allowed a 
sufficient sum to enablt; the keeper to furnish silk dresses to fe- 
male paupers aiid broadcloth suits to the males. The sittin<>,- 
and dinin>!:-r()onis are heated by stoves. Two cisterns fuinish the 
water supply. The physician visits only when called. This farm 
is a poor farm and farming- here is a failure. The amount j)aid 
for feedino- and clothing the inmates is shamefully small. The 
county authorities need not feel ])i-oud of their work in voting 
such a pitiful sum. There were thirty-three inmates ])resent. 

Whiteside: — Visited Au,i>-ust S-i. ISO'J. 

The grounds in front of the building are neatly laid out in 
lawn and flowers and a fountain, on a small scale, oinaments 
the grounds. The rear gi-ounds are free of rubbish. The build- 
ings are in fair repair, except the insane department, where the 
floors are much worn, and the odor from the former occupants 
is very offensive. In order to get rid of this oder, all the wood- 
work should be i-emoved and burned. The walls of all the rooms 
and corridors were clean, some having been painted. The floors 
show fre(iueufc sci-ubbing. Chaii-s are the seats used in the dining- 
room. Benches are used in the sitting-room. The sleej)ing-rooms 
•are each furnished with a chair, a stand and a wood bedstead. 
The bedding was clean and in excellent condition; it is changed 
Aveekly. The building is comfortably heated by steam and the 
M'ater supply is from a well, pumped by a wind-mill. The crops 
•of 1391 were good, but the prospect for this year is not flatter- 
ing. There were thirty-five inmates present. They are well 
clothed, well fed, cleanly in their persons and generally in good 
health. The county physician visits once ejicli week and when 
<;alled. Since last visit the troubl(\s()nie insane have l)een re- 
moved to the lOlgin hos]»ital. Only seven insane inmates remain 
here and they an* quiet and not ti'oublesome. 

\N\\ A. .— Visited Aufrust cS, 18i>L\ 

The stone l)uildings were in good re])air. The walls were white 
and the floois clean. The old frame building is fast wearing out 
and not woiili rei)aii-ing. The dining-room has no chairs and 
the inmates are seated at the table on benches. The sleeping- 
I'ooms each have a chair, stand and one oi* more bedsteads; 
th(^ bedsteads are of wood. The i)edding was found to be dean 
and in excellent condition: it is changed weekly. There wei-e 
<eighty-t wo inmates pi-esent ; they were fairly well cloilied. cleanly 
in their persons generally and in good health. The food fui-- 
iiished is farm-house fare and gives satisfaction. Since last visit 
a sewej- has been constructt^d from the buildinsi's to tli(> ci-<>(*k. 



179 

-and a wood floor bas been laid in the men's sittino-.room in the 
basement, the attic of the east buildint>- has been fitted up as a 

■ dormitoiy, and the partition in the west room, separating the 
sexes, has been removed, and the females now have exclusive 
use of the west building and the males the east building. A 
stone building, two stories above the basement, was in process 
of erection at the time of this visit; it will include a center build- 
ing, 65x40 feet, which will contain on the first floor a central 
corridor with an office and parlor on one side, and a dining- 
room, kitchen and pantry on the other side. The second floor 
will contain five bed-rooms, a bath-room and earth-closet. 
The wings, which will be each 43x40 feet, will each contain on the 
first floor a sitting-room, dormitor^^, bath-room and dry-clos- 
ets. The second floor of the wings will have similar divisions. 
When this buildmg is completed, the superintendent will have 
more comfortable quarters, and the inmates who have been 
fighting bed-bugs for so many years may have a rest. It is 
hoped that the old buildings will be destroyed. There were 
eighty-two inmates present; they were fairly well clothed, cleanly 
and in good health. They seemed to be satisfied with the food 
provided. The rooms of the old frame building were kept in as 
good condition as to cleanliness as possible. The rooms of the 
stone building were clean and tidy. The bedding was in good 
condition and kept clean and neat. The rooms are heated 
comfortably by stoves. The water supply is from wells and a 
cistern, pumped by a wind-mill and by hand. The crops of 1891 
were good. A full crop is not expected this year. 

Williamson :— 7isi/;ec? May 11, 1892. 

Since last visit to this almshouse a new roof has been placed 
on the frame building and a log barn has been erected. The 
buildings occupied by the suijerintendent and inmates are in poor 
condition generalh% inside and outside. The plastered walls in- 
side of the brick building are dark with smoke and dirt, and the 
walls of the frame building which consist of rough boards are 
in much the same condition; being lined with rough boards the 
wind finds a way through, and while the ventilation may be 
good, the rooms, which are heated from a small grate, must 
necessarily be poorly heated and the inmates liable to suffer 
with cold. The dining-rooms are furnished with tables and 
chairs. The sleeping-rooms are furnished with tables, chairs 
and wood bedsteads. The rooms and bedding of the women were 
in good condition and clean. The men'sroomsand beddingmight 
be much improved. There were twelveinmates present. They were 
poorly clothed and several of the inmates were sick in bed. The food 
furnished is good and plenty. The water supply is from a well 
and cistern. The farm crops were good last year and the pros- 
pect for this year is good. Williamson county should abandon 
the use of the old shanties and erect a building suitable for 
housing the poor. 



180 

\\'issi:iiMA):—\'j.sJtt'(J August l~>, />'.Vl'. 

Tlie luiikliiiiis of tliis alni.shou.se wt^re found to he in excellent 
condition and the walls of the rooms and coi-iidoi-s were as 
clean as lahoi- could make them. Since last visit a wash-room 
has been ei-ecteil on the northeast cornel- of the huildinas, which 
has a t»'rout floor and j)ei-fect draiim^c; a shed has been ei-e<-ted 
near the wind-pump, to .shelter the jjuni]) and the horse which 
now works the ])ump, in the absence of wind; the floors of the 
rooms in each story, the walls of all the rooms and corridors 
of the fii'.st story to the ceiling, tlie walls on the .second floor 
to the height of five feet from the floor, and the iron bedsteads 
have been ])ainted. Shades have been ])laced on the windows 
of all the sleeping-rooms. The dining-rooms are well furnished 
with chairs and the sleeping-i'ooms have tables, chaii's and iron 
bedsteads, with wire mattresses. The bedding was clean, neat 
and tidily kept, especially in the rooms of the female inmates; 
it is changed once a week. The institution is comfortably 
heated by steam and has an abundant water supply. The 
drainage is excellent and the ventilation is ])erfect. There were 
sixty-nine inmates present; four of them were insane boarders, 
who.se expenses are paid by friends. The inmates were generally 
cleanly in their persons, faii'ly well clothed and in good health. 
The food fui-nished is abundant and of good quality. lOach sex 
of the insane has one of their own .sex as an attendant. They 
seem to be well cared for, except that they are not allowed to 
leave the building. This institution is in good hands. It was 
found to be in the very best condition in every respect. 

Woodford:— Visited July -t^, 1892. 

The buildings of this almshou.se were found to be in good re- 
pair. Duiing the last two years a new roof has been placed on 
the jnain building, and new privies have been erected at the 
pro]jer distance fi-om the buildings. The walls .and ceilings of 
the rooms and corridors have been neatly whitewashed, and the 
floois and stairways were clean and show that they have been 
fi-equently scrubbed. The floors and stairways are much worn 
and will have to be replaced before long. The dining-room is 
fui-nished with chairs; the sitting-room has benches with backs 
to them. The sleepin«i,-rooms have chairs and iron bedsteads. 
Some of tlu' bedstciids are jn-ovided with wire mattresses. The 
bedding was generally in good condition and clean; it is changed 
weekly. Foi-ty-six inmates were ])re.senl; they wei-e niodei-ately 
well clothed, and some of them were contine(l to their beds with 
sickne;w, but most of them were healthy. The food furnished is 
good and abundant. The rooms are comfortably heated by 
stoves, and the wat(M- sui>])ly is from a well and is ])um])ed by 
a wind-mill. Th(> water- su|)pl.\' was shoi-t last year. Th<^ super- 
intendent stated that by continued effort, the number of bed-bugs 
liad b(>en very mu(;h i-educed and t hat they were not so ti-oul)le- 
some as they were two years agt). The farm crops last year 
were good and the ])rosi)ect for the pi-esent year is })romismg. 



181 

The county plwsician visits the almshouse once a week and 
when called. In passing- through the rooms of the inmates, it 
was noticed that the entire wardrobe of the occupants was hung 
on nails, driven in the walls. It would be much better to have 
a clothes-room where the garments could be kept, when not in 
use. 

APPENDIX. — INDUSTRIAL, SCHOOLS. 

Industrial School for Girls, South Evanston, Cook Coun- 
ty:— 7isit;e^ August 4, 1892. 

The expenditures of this institution for the year ending Sep- 
tember 30, 1891, were |16,279.70, and the receipts for the 
same period were .|14,92o.l7. The receipts were from the fol- 
lowing sources: Cook county, |10,099.67: other counties, 
^3,140.36; boarders, |450.13; donations and other sources, 
|1,2£:5.01. The number of girls present October 1, 1890, was 
128, and the number admitted during the year was 77. Of the 
above numbers, 72 are accounted for as follows: Thirty-nine 
were placed in homes, 27 were returned to their friends, two 
attained majority, one died and two ran away. The number 
remaining September 30, was 133. At the time of this visit 169 
girls, ranging in age from three to seventeen years, were present. 
The girls were well clothed, neat and clean, in good health, 
-well fed and have the very best care and attention. All seemed 
to be cheerful and happy. They are taught reading, writing, 
arithmetic, geogi'aphy, language lessons, physiology, U. S. his- 
tory and vocal music. Since last visit an ice-box and refrig- 
erator have been erected in the store-room ; the walls of nearly 
all the dormitories have been painted to the height of five feet 
above the fioor and the rest of the walls and ceilings neatlj^ 
calcimined ; a one-story frame building, 30x16 feet, which cost 
$150, has been erected and paid for from the proceeds of enter- 
tainments given by the girls in military drills. The rooms, 
beds and bedding were found to be in excellent condition and 
clean, and the floors were remarkable for their cleanliness. The 
institution is heated by hot water and the water supply is 
from the city water works. The trustees have offered the prop- 
erty for sale, with the hope of realizing a sum sufficient to pur- 
chase cheaper property at Park Ridge, and erect buildings 
more suitable for the purposes of the institution. The expecta- 
tion that an early sale would be made has left the matter of 
improvements and general repairs in an unsettled condition, 
and only such repairs as could not be postponed have been at- 
tended to. The institution seems to be in good hands, and the 
children have the love and care of persons well fitted for their 
-positions. 

Chicago Industrial School for Girls: — Visited July 29, 1892. 

This school was estabHshed September 23, 1889. In the spring 

of 1889 the school grounds, which consist of twenty-four lots, 

i having a frontage of 300 feet on Indiana avenue, running through 



1«2 

to Piaii-i»' avfiiuo and bounded on the north by Forty-ninth 
.str('<'t, wci't' juirchased. There was a two-story and l)ast*inent 
brick (lwt'nin<i;, with a barn, on tlie itreniiscs. Tin* purchase pi-ice 
was ^i^U, ()().'. One-third of the purchase money, i;^Ki,3J^'i.-.'y. 
was paid in cash and the balance secured by niortj^aiie. The 
money with wliich the payment was made was raised l)y sub- 
scription. The title to the premises was taken in the name of 
the House of the Good Shepherd, a corporation or<ianized Ijy 
special charter, under the laws of the State of Illinois, thei-e be- 
inji" a i)ossible question as to the authoi-ity of the Chica<>-o In- 
dustrial School to acipiire and hold real })roperty. At the same 
time the House of the Good Sheplieid ajireed to lease the pi-em- 
ises to the Chicago Industrial ScIkjoI for Girls, at a rental of 
$30 per month, provided a school should be maintained therein, 
by the Chicago Industrial School for Girls, in accordance with 
its charter and the purposes of its oroanizatiou. In order to 
provide a fund for building purposes, the purchase moi>ey mort- 
gage was letii-ed, and a new loan of $41i.'JU() made on the 
premises. Since the purchase of the grounds, the dwelling has 
been thoroughly re])aiied, and heating ajiparatus and a range 
have been purchased and placed in position; a wing of a ])ro- 
posed building, fronting on Prairie avenue, at the northeast 
corner of the grounds, has been erected, and is now occupied. 
It is a three-story l)rick above the basement, 60x80 feet. Each 
floor, includin<i- the basement, has a central corridor running 
north. The l)asement has a kitchen, a. lauiidi-y and a dining- 
room. The first fioor has a chapel, recitation rooms and a 
parlor. The second floor contains a sewing-room, school-iooms 
and rooms for the sistei-s. The third floor has doi-mitories and 
an infirmary. The attic can also be used as a doi-mitory. The 
buildinu' is heatetl by steam and cost |:]r).()00. The old building- 
is to be used as a kindergarten. The institution has a cajiacity 
for 200 inmates. The dining-room is furnished with tables and 
benches. Delfw.ire was on the tables for the use of the larger 
girls and gianite iron for the smaller ones. The slee]>ing-rooms 
are each ])rovide(l with stands, granite wash bowls, ])itchei-s and 
iron bedsteads with wire mattresses. The bedding consists of 
mattresses, blankets, sheets, 8]»i-ea(ls and pillows: it was found 
to be in excellent condition and neatly kej)t, and is changed 
evei-y three weeks foi' the larger girls, and weekly and oftener 
when necessary for the smaller ones. The food furnished is of 
good rjuality, am)»le and well served. Thei-e were t)ne hundred 
:ind t Weill \ -five <>ii-ls ])resent; three of them were ovei- sixteen 
years of aue. They were all neatly clothed, cleanly and tidy, 
and generally in good health. The m.inagement of this institu- 
tion is in the hands of the j.-idy superior, who is assisted by 
th(! sisters. They teach all the bi-anches of an English t>duca- 
tioii. industrial ]»ursuits suital>l(^ for girls, and give religions in- 
struction in accordiince with the tenets of the Roman Gatholie 
Church. The sisters and the older girls pei-form all the necessary 
manual lal)()r. Thev liav(» no use foi* a man in this institution. 



183 

The engineer, who attends to the steam heating- apparatus, is 
a female. The school has been maintained in part by donations,, 
and by paj'ments from the county for inmates committed by 
the court. The money donated, in the years 1889 and 1890,. 
amounted to f 19,361.10, and for the year 1891 the cash dona- 
tions were f 2, 281. 60, and the earnings |7,985.54. In addition, 
to cash donations, large donations of food, clothing, furniture 
a.nd other supplies, valued at sevei'al thousand dollars, were- 
received. Everything was new and in excellent condition. The- 
older girls have the best care, and the little ones, who are taughtN 
in the kindergarten, do not suffer for the want of sympathy 
and loving care. 

1ndust[{i.\l School of Agriculture and Manual Training 
FOR Boys, Glen wood, Cook County: — Visited Aug-ust 3, 1892. 

This school was formerly named the Illinois Industrial Train- 
ing School for Boys. On i)assing through the different depart- 
ments, the kitchen, bakery, laundry and dining-rooms, the 
floors and everything pertaining to these departments were 
found to be as clean as possible and in excellent order. The 
same may be said in relation to the cottages and school- 
rooms. The buildings are all new, and consist of a centre 
building, of which the rear portion has only been erected, four 
cottages and a gymnasium, which were erected, named and fur- 
nished by parties as follows: 

Ph'mouth Cottage by the Plymouth Church. 

Windsor Cottage by Mr. F. T. Haskell. 

Lincoln Cottage by Mrs. Page and Peck. 

Wallace Cottage by Mrs. Celia Wallace. 

The Gymnasium by Mr?«. Follansbee. 

An additional cottage is now in course of erection and nearly 
completed; the cost of which and the furniture for same will be 
defrayed by Mrs. Pope. There were 175 boys present. They 
were well clothed, cleanly in their appearance and in excellent 
health. There have been no deaths in the institution since it 
was first established. The physician states that ''the absence 
of serious illness at the institution during the past year (which 
has been unhealthy everywhere) is undoubtedly due to the care- 
ful supervision of the superintendent in placing the boys in 
practically the same position as boys in well to do private 
families, and also to the scrupulous regard to cleanliness in 
buildings and grounds as well as in the persons and morals of 
the boys." The boys are taught the following branches of 
education: Reading, writing, chart-work, arithmetic, geogra- 
phy, physiology, U. S. history, language lessons, vocal lessons, 
Delsarte and calisthenics, and drawing. The number of boys, 
present May 1, 1891, was 177, and the number admitted dur- 
ing the year was 268, of which 2ij8 have been placed in homes 



184 

iiml 1*4 rriii.iiiiril ill ilic iiisiii ut ion Ma_\' 1. ISDJ. Tlic total 
t'XpiMiditmt's of the school for the year ondinji,- May 1, 1892, 
were i^'Jij.ri'.il .H'2. ami the T-eicijits wore .^:i2.mi) r»M. fi-om 
soures as follows: 

■Cook (.-ouiitv, a; propriation 812, 5(h) i»<» 

Other couiili-'s. for l)oanlurs 4% ^8 

IndiviiJual.-, for boanJurs 2,j:!.{ lU 

3li8eellant»ous sources l';2 82 

Donations 7, lis 18 

Most of the hoys are eoiiiniitted l>y the courts and others are 
sent here by their parents. This institution is doin<>- <;ood work 
and should be eneouraged and supported, and the exanii^le set 
by the ladies above named should l)c followed by other wealthy 
•citizens of the city of Chicago. 

St. Maeiy's Training School, Feehanville, Cook Countv: — 
Visited August L\ 1892. 

Since last visit to this institution, a two-story fratne luiiid- 
Ing, 110x41) feet, has been erected at the southwest corner of 
the west wing of the main building. The lower floor is parti- 
tioned as follows: An entrance hall, 14x40 feet, and a stairway 
«t the east end ; a room 48x40 feet, which is used as a .study 
room and play hall ; a room 64x40 feet, which is used as a 
•dormitory and contains GO beds; a room 30x14, in use as a 
lavatory and clothes i-oom ; there is also a room in the noi'th- 
west corner, 14x10 feet, which is used for water closets. The 
whole of this floor is for the use of pu])ils who are sent here by 
their parents and who are called boarders. The second floor is 
used as a chapel, which will seat about 800 boys. The walls 
and ceilings of both stories are lined with pine ceiling lumber. 
The building cost about f4,000. A one-story frame building, 
66x32 feet, for use as a store house for e^i^ cases, and a one- 
story frame structure, :v4x36 feet, for use as a carpenter sho]), 
have been erected; tlie old chaj)el has i)een changed into a 
clothes room, and a new steam washer for the laundi-y has been 
purchased. All theflooi'S are fre(piently sciubbed. The beds 
and bedding were found to be in excellent coiiditinn and clean; 
the bedding is changed weekl\'. All the bcilsteads are of iron, 
with wire mattresses. There were 24o boys present. They were 
•moderately well <'lothed, well fed and in good health. The phy- 
tsician re|>orts that Init few cases of sickness called for his at- 
tention dui-ing the year, and those were of a mild form, and 
1hat this is the third year in which there luive IxH^n no deaths 
to ivport. All the boys are under sixteen years of age; the 
average is twelve years. There were '2\)\) boys present .lanuary 
1, I8t)l, 389 were admitted during the year. 363 were placed 
in homes and 32i') remained .laiiuary 1, 1892. The cost for 
maintenance for the yeai- ending Decembei- 31, 1892, was 
^19,.398.3H, foi- buildings, iiiipi-o\-(Mnei)ts and i-i'i)aii-s, .f6.r)16. 



185 

and foi' interest, 12,400. The averag-e number of pupils for the 
year Nvas 315, and tlie averaoe cost per capita (j>:ross) ^vas 
161.58. The earninos of the institution for the year amounted 
to 119.502.87, which show that the institution for the past 
year was more than self-sustainino-. This institution has for its 
object the reformation of wayward boys, the providing; of good 
homes for homeless boys, and the imparting; of an intellectual 
and industrial training to the youth placed in its care. The 
institution has been very successful. It has done much good to 
those committed to its care. 



186 



CHAPTER VL 



THE COUNTY .TAILS. 

In this fliapter we g'ive the results of Mr. Whipp's iuspectioi* 
of the county jails of Illinois. 

His researches show that there were incarcerated in tliesfr 
county prisons January 1, 1891, seven hundred and eighty- 
lour souls. Committed, durintj; the ensuino; twelve months, ten 
thousand five hundred and eiohty-ei<j,ht. Discliaroed, ten thou- 
sand five hundred and thirty-three. Rpniaiinnii', January 1, 
1892, ei<iht hundred and thirty-nine. Total number inearcerated 
durint»- the year, eleven thousand three hun(ir(Ml and seventy- 
two. 

Of the 10,533 discharged, the eases of only 3,814 came to 
trial — l<i4 bein<i- accjuitted, and 3,630 convicted and sentenced 
as follows: Fined, -174; sentenced to term of imprisonment in 
jail, 1,59^]; sentenced to the penitentiai-y, 1,030; sentenced to 
the state relorm school, I.IO; four were sentenced to execution 
and '>73 were insane. 

The otliei- (J, 71 9 ])risoners discharo;ed durin«2,- the year were 
disj)osed of in the folJowinji; manner: Dischai'iied witliout trial, 
5,(J78: j-eleased on hail, 8(53: escaped, 4.'; died, 10; otherwise 
discharged, 123. 

That r),G78 citizens of Illinois should have been arrested and 
thiown into jail, and then discliar<2,-ed without trial, while the 
number- of cas(\s tried was only 3,814, is in itself a ct^mmentary 
upon the aduiiuistration of justice 

Of tlie 839 prisoners remainin<;-, January 1, 1892, theie were 
uniJer sent(;nce 93 and awaitin<»: trial 74G. At the same ratio 
of convictions to commitments, but 224 of this 740 were likely 
to suffei- ])unishment at tlie hand of the law. 

The mnnber of jji-isoners actually pr<^sent in all the jails at 
the various dates of inspection was 804, namely. 78i males 
and 23 femal(\s. Of these, <U>9 were awaifin«i' trial, 115 were 
servin<>" jail sentences, 8 were awaitin*^ admission to an insane 
hospital. 5 w(M-e awaitinii; i-emoval to th(> j)enit(Mitiary, 4 were 



187 

awaitino; execution, and 3 were held as witnesses. Fifty-one 
bo3'S, under sixteen years of age, were found by him in the jails. 

The cost of dieting prisoners for the j^ear was $131,322.03; 
of repairs and improvements made, $22,774.72; and other 
jail expenses, |43,957.25; total, $198,054. 

These figures may be compared with those of former years as 
follows : 



Date. 


In Jail. 


Com- 
mitted 
during 
year. 


Dis- 
charged 
during 
year. 


January 1 , 1881 


703 
721 
695 
683 
767 
70S 
727 
784 
701 
839 


7.507 


7, 499' 


January 1, 1882 . 




April 1, 1887 


7,633 


7,645 


April 1. 1888 




April 1, 1889 


9,308 


9,488 


Aprill, 1890 




June 1, 1890 (U.S. census) 






January 1, 1891 


10,588 


10.533 


July 1,1891 




January 1, 1892 













While the movement of population is more rapid than it was 
some years ago, considering the time covered between January 
1, 1881, and January 1, 1892, the average number of prison- 
ers has not materially increased. 

Observe, also, the figures in the following table: 



Item. 


Yeaks. 


1884. 


1886. 


1888. 


1890. 


1892. 


Present, when inspected 


752 

719 

32 


834 
796 
38 

34 

33 

1 

28 



737 

687 
50 

42 

42 

40 
30 
10 

583 
545 
38 

133 

121 

12 

21 
21 


679 

635 

44 

17 
16 

1 

6 
6 

505 
474 
31 

164 

153 

13 

8 

8 


804 


Males 


781 


Females 


25 


Children under 16 years 


51 


Males 




51 


Females 






Insane. 


26 
24 

2 

579 
559 

20 

128 
119 

9 

6 
6 


8 


Males 


7 


Females 


1 


Awaiting trial 


672 


Males 


057 


Females 


15 


Serving sentence 


11* 


Males 


112 


Females 


7 


Awaiting removal 


13 


Males 


12 


Females 


1 















Durine: the past two years eight counties have erected or be- 
gun the erection of jails: Coles, Douglas, DuPage, Kane, Shelby, 
Tazewell, Wayne and Williamson. 



188 

Adams Coxsty -.—f/jsipeited Juiw 2.', 1SU2. 

'Phcre wcro twelve pi-isuners pceseiit in ihis jail. Prisoners when 
admitted are geueially well clotiied. Since last visit the jail has 
iipeii ]iiit i!i o-ood re]>air, and lever locks have been placed on two 
tiers of cells. The pris<jners' coi-ridors are furnished with <-hair8 
and iKMiches, iind the cells have iron bedsteads swin<iin«i- from the 
wall. The Ijeddino- consists of mattresses, Idaidcets and jiillows. 
(Mean heddino- is always ke])t on hand and us(?d when necessary. 
The jail was fonnd to be in excellent condition in re<;ard to 
cleanliness. The light is fair in the (;orridoi-s and cells on the 
north and south sides, but other corridors and cells are dark, 
and artificial light is necessary. The jailor claims that the ven- 
tilation is good. Plenty of air was passine: through at the time 
of this visit, but the air was like that of a cellar and the sun 
never shines on the walls. The jail is comfortably heated by 
steam. The water supply is from the city and the (b-ainage is 
good. Kelioious sei-vices are held evei-y Sunday. The prisoners 
ai'e i)rovided with an abunihince of good food and new cloth- 
ing is furnished to those not able to ])urchase it. No im])rove- 
ments are needed. One prisoner escaped while under sentence to 
be hung. A reward was offered for his apprehension. It is 
claimed that he committed suicide, not willing to be taken alive, 
l)ut he may have been shot by his pursuei-s. 

QuiNCv City Woukhouse: — Inspected June 2.~>, 18i)2. 

The new l)uilding is under roof and nearly complete, but it is 
not exp(>cted that it will he occupied before next winter, on ac- 
count of the want of money to pay for the steel i-ells. The con- 
tract for the foundation of the cells has been let, and the contract 
for steel cells will also be let as soon as the funds can be ob- 
taine.l. The building, when complete, will cost |20,()()0. The old 
])uil<lings are still in use, and are ke])t as clean as possible and 
are frequently whitewashed. They are not what they should be 
in jx/mt of comfort. Bed-buiis infest the walls and torment the 
]>risoners when they slu^uld b(» at rest. The cells have double 
bunks, one above the other. The beddinu' consists of mattresses 
ami bankets; it is in bad comlition but clean and is changed 
as necessity recjuires. The building is heated by a stove, and is 
well lighted and ventilated when the doors and windows are 
o])en. Tnere were sixteen inmati^s present. They are generally 
p()()il\- clothed when commitled, and their clolhing is removed 
and new ones ])rovide(l. When they leavt^ the institution the 
prison (clothing is i-etained and their old clothes returned. Two 
women esca|)ed while the guard was engagt^d elscnvhei'e. The 
<>x))endit nres and i-ecei])ts of this institution for the year ending 
danuary j; , 18'.)2, W(M-e as follows: .Maintenau(<\ sr).;)2().5vJ; 
buildings and repairs, .|lH,H58.;Ki ; receijjts or credits, .^*J, 271). 78. 

Xi.KW^iWAi:— Inspected May 2, 1892. 

Tliei'e has IxMMi no <liange in this jail since last visit. The 
\vatei- fi-oui tile rivei' has Tiot ent(M'(Ml the jail this vear. I^ach 



189 

cell, wbeu occupied, contains chairs, hammocks, blankets and 
pillows enough for the use of four prisoners. The beddinj>' m 
clean and in good condition. The blankets and hammocks are 
changed every four weeks and oftener when necessary. Prison- 
ers are well clothed and the food furnished is good and abund- 
ant. The jail is kept clean. It is comfortably heated by stoves, 
has fair light and ventilation in the corridors, but the cells are 
dark and pooi-ly ventilated. Water is supplied from the city 
water works. One prisoner was trusted outside and has not re- 
turned. There were eleven prisoners present. 

Bond -.—Inspected Maj 2o, 1892. 

This jail remains as at last visit. It was found to be clean, 
and no prisoners were present. Men were at work repairing 
broken bars in the ceiling, through which three prisoners made 
their escape a few days ago. Thei-e are chairs in the corridor 
and cots in the cells. The beds consist of mattresses, pillows 
and blankets. The bedding is in good condition and is changed 
as occasion requires. Prisoners when they are committed are 
generally poorly clothed, but, if they are liable to remain for 
some time, a new outfit is furni.shed. The food furnished is good 
and plenty. The natural light is not good in the corridor, being 
obscured by the iron grating of the ceiling. The cells are dark. 
The Ventilation is poor. The jail is well heated by a stove. 
The water supply is from the city water works. The drain is 
often troublesome and an offensive oder comes into the jail. A 
new jail is much needed as the present place is insecure and un- 
comfortable, and prisoners, with a little energy, have little trou- 
ble in leaving it. Five prisoners have effected their escape since 
last visit. 

Booi<!E :— Inspected August lo, 1<S92. 

This jail was found to be unoccupied. It was clean and recently 
whitewashed. The corridor is furnished with a table and chairs 
and the cells have wood bunks, one above the other. The beds 
consist of mattresses, blankets, sheets and pillows with slips; 
they were clean and are changed weekly. The jail is heated 
comfortably by a stove and the water supply is from a well and 
cistern. There have been no escapes. This jail is ])Oorly lighted 
and ventilated. It is fairly secure, which is its only good fea- 
ture. It should be abandoned and a new one erected. The jail 
register is not written up, and it is a difficult matter to obtain 
accurate statistics. 

Buoww.— Inspected June 23, 1892. 

This bastile remains the same. It is dirty, without light or ven- 
tilation and insecure; it has been repeatedly condemned by the 
grand jury and by every person who has been so unfortunate as to 
be compelled to pass a night in it, and by the citizens of Mt. Sterl- 
ing, who would be glad if the vile den was destroyed. It is a vile 
nuisance and a disgrace to humanity, and the county authori- 



190 

tif's should cpaso to use it for any purpose, and send tlieir pris- 
oners to the jail of sonic other county. Tables and ciiairs are 
phiccd in the corridor, and there is an iron hedstead in one cell 
<ind a cot in the other. Tlie cells of the upper tloor are not 
used. The bedding consists of mattresses, blankets, sheets and 
pillows with pillow-slips. The bedding; in changed every week. 
The jail is heated by a stove. Water is supplied from a well. 
There was one poor sufferinji- humnn being locked up in the 
vile hole. Prisoners ai'e usually well clothed and the food fur- 
nished is good. There have been several escapes from this jail 
iluring the last two years. Any energetic ])risoner could leave 
the jail at pleasure, when it is not guarded. 

BiKK.vr: — Inspected August 11. lSit2. 

Since last visit the old jail has been torn down and a new 
structure erected in its place. The old cells have been ])laced in 
the new building and now face east and west, opposite the win- 
dows on each side, three new steel cells, each 7x7 feet, and a 
corridor 6 feet wide, have been placed on the top of the old 
cells and on the east side of a room adjoining the jail proper 
two tiers of cells, with two cells in each tier, have been con- 
strui'ted for the use of women and the insane. Privy seats, 
which are flushed with water, are ])laced in the corridor of the 
main jail. These improvements cost !|8,000. The corridor con- 
tains a table and chairs, and the cells have hammocks, swing- 
ing from the wall. The bedding consists of blankets only, which 
are changed when new prisoners arrive. Pi'isoners are generally 
poorly clothed when committed. The food pi'ovided is good and 
plenty and seems to be satisfactory. The jail was clean and in 
good condition. The light and ventilation are ^ood. It is 
comfortably heated by steam and water is supplied from the 
city. T/iere were ten prisoners present. This jail is substan- 
tially new and is a great improvement. There have been no es- 
capes since last visit. 

C.WjHovs:— Inspected June 13. ISirj. 

This county was not visited by Mr. Whijjp, when he was in 
tnat vicinity, on account of the hi<ih water. The county clerk 
made the ins])ection and submits the following report: "Tliere 
have been no improvements in the jail. The furniture consists of 
chairs, three stools, one bench and one wood bedstead. The bed- 
ding includes one mattress, three comforts and a pillow. It is 
in good condition a,nd is changed weekly. The jail is well heated 
by a stove. The water suj»i»ly is from a well. There wei"e two 
])ris()ners ])i'esent. They were fairly well clad and seemed to l)e 
satisfied with the food furnished. The cell is poorly lighted and 
has no ventilation The condition as to cleanliness was good. 
One i>risoner, who was allowed in th(^ second stoi-y. esca])ed 
throuii'li the window. A new jail is needed." 

CwmoiAy.— Inspected August 18, 189'J. 

This jail was found to be clean and in excellent condition. It 
is comfortably heated 1)\- stoves in the most severe weather, 



191 

and for a basement jail, has good light and ventilation. The 
water supply is from the city water works. One prisoner was 
present at the time of this visit. Prisoners, when committed, 
are generally poorly clothed. The food provided is ample and 
of good quality. The prisoners' corridor is furnished with a 
table and chairs. The cells each have an iron bedstead, swing- 
ing from the wall. The bedding consists of mattresses, blankets, 
sheets and pillows with slips; it was clean and in good condi- 
tion and is changed once each week. The drain remains unob- 
structed. This jail is in excellent repair and needs no impi-ove- 
ments. There have been no escapes since last visit. 

C ASS'— Inspected June 1, 1892. 

Since last visit t(j this jail, windows, corresponding with those 
above, have been placed opposite the lower tier of cells, in the 
east and west walls; a steel cage has been erected on the east 
and west sides of the block of cells. This improvement furnishes 
plenty of light to the corridors and cells and gives good venti- 
lation The jail was found to be clean and in good condition. 
Prisoners who are allowed the use of the outside corrider are 
furnished with chairs. Each cell contains an iron bedstead, 
which is fastened to the wall, and a commode. The beds con- 
sist of mattresses, blankets and quilts. The building is heated 
by stoves. The water supply is from a tank, placed in the attic, 
w^hicli is supplied from a well. There were two prisoners present. 
Prisoners are generally well clothed when admitted. The food 
furnished is satisfactor> . Since the date of the last inspection, 
one prisoner affected his escape through a window, while the 
jail was being repaired, but he was subsequently recaptured. 
No improvements are needed, except an iron fence at a little 
distance from the jail walls, to prevent outsiders from tamper- 
ing with the windows and aiding prisoners to make their escape. 

Champaign:— /flspeci^d June 9, 1892. 

This jail was found to be in excellent condition. Prisoners are 
allowed in the jailor's corridor through the day, nnd have the 
use of chairs and a table. In the cells, on the first floor, ham- 
mocks are placed, swinging from the wall. TJie bedding consists 
of blankets only. In the cells of the second floor, mattresses 
are placed on cots, and blankets are used for cover. The bed- 
ding of prisoners is washed when they leave the jail. Cleanli- 
ness seems to be the rule. The light and ventilation of the cor- 
ridors and cells are good. The jail is well heated by stoves; 
water is supplied from the city and the drain works satisfac- 
torily. There were eight prisoners present. They are well fed. 
Prisoners, when received, are generally poorly clothed. Tramps 
are stri^jped, bathed and provided with new clothing. There 
have been no escapes. Nothing is needed, by way of improve- 
ment, in the jail. 



192 

CwHisriAs:— Inspected June -V, 18tm. 

This jail was found to be iu excellent i-onditioii. The e<'lls and 
gratings of the corridor are kept neatly painted and the floors 
were clean. Tlie ]jiisoner.s' coriidor is furnished witli a table 
and cliairs. Each cell contains two iron bedsteads, which swinjj^ 
from the wall, one above the other. Tlie bedding' consists of 
mattresses, pillows and blankets; it is immediately chan<!;ed 
when soiled or worn. The liglit and ventilation in the jailor's 
coi-ridor is "ood. but the light in the prisoners' coriidor is ])Oor, 
and the cells ai-e dark, and have very little ventilation. The 
jail is comfortably heated by a stove. Water is su])plied from 
the city water woiks. There is hose on hand for use in case of 
fire, etc. The drain works well. There were two pi-isonei-s pres- 
ent. Prisoners are genei-ally fairly well clothed when they enter 
the jail, and, when they are suspected of having vermin upon 
their person, they are stripped, bathed and new clothing is fur- 
nished The prisoners are satisfied with the (quantity and qual- 
ity of their food. There have been no escapes since last visit. 
The keeper stated that better light and ventilation should be 
furnisheil. Religious services are not held. 

Ci.AiJK -.—Inspected May 24, 1802. 

This jail was found to be in its usual excellent condition. 
The corridor is furnished with chairs, and the cells have ham- 
mocks, with blaidcets and comforts for coverings. The bedding 
is kept in good condition and is changed when soiled. There 
were no prisoners present. Prisoners are fairly well clothed and 
fed. The light is good in the corridors, but poor iu the cells. 
It has good ventilation, and is well heated by stoves. The 
water supply is abundant. The drain works well. There have 
been no escapes since last visit. No improvements are needed. 

Clay -.—Inspected May 18, 1892. 

There is no change to note in this jail except genei-al decay. 
It was found \o lu' as clean and neat as such a jail can be kei)t. 
The corridor is fui-nislied with a table and chairs. Kach cell, 
when fully occupied, contains a chair, and four iron bedsteads 
swinging from the wall. The beds each consist of a mattress, 
one blanket, two sheets, two spreads and ]>illow with pillow- 
case. The bedding is in good condition and clean and is 
changed twice each week when used. Prisoners are well clad. 
The food furnished is good and abun<lant. The lialit and ven- 
tilation are good in the cori-idoi', but the cells have neither 
light noi- ventilation. TIk^ jail is comfoi'tably heated by a 
stove. An a(le(]uate water supply is obtained from a well. 
Tiiere were two pi-isoners present. .\ new jail is badly needed. 
The ])resent jail is so insecure that prisoners d(>tei-mined to leave 
effect an escape with little dilliculty. Since last visit ten pi-ison- 
ers made their esca])e, some by digginu- through the wall of the 
corridor with a piece of iron broken from an old bedstead, and 
others escaped through the stove-pipi- hole. Five were subse- 



193 

qiieiitly recaptured. There is no additiontil ar^yument necessary 
to prove its iusecnritv, and that, too-ether with the fact of it 
bein^- a man-killer, and too bai-baroiis a place for the confine- 
ment of prisoners, should be a sufficient reason for the erection 
of a new jail. 

Clinton -.—Inspected May 1 7, 1892. 

There has been no chano-e to note in this jail. It was found 
to be newly whitewashed and clean. The corridors contain no 
furniture. Each cell, when occupied, contains a chair, table, and 
an iron bedstead, swingino;. from the wall. The bedding consists 
of a mattress, blankets and pillow and was found to be in good 
condition. It is changed when occasion requires. There was one 
prisoner present. Prisoners are fairly well clothed. The food 
furnished is o:ood and abundant. The light and ventilation is 
good in the corridors, but poor in the cells. The jail is heated 
by stoves. The drain now works well. The water supply is from 
the city water works and is abundant. There was talk of erect- 
ing- a new jail at last visit, but nothing has been done. A new 
jail is mucii needed. 

Coi^Es:— Inspected June 8, 1892. 

There is no change to note in this jail. The iron work has 
been whitewashed and its appearance has not been improved; 
the greater ])art of the whitewash has fallen off, leaving white 
patches her ^ and there. The jail was untidy and not clean. The 
prisoners' corridor contains chairs, and a shelf, on which food is 
served. Each cell contains six hammocks, swinging from the 
wall, and the bedding consists of blankets only, which are 
changed when soiled or worn out. The corridor is fairly well 
lighted and the ventilation is moderately good. The cells are 
dark on cloudy days and the ventilation is not as good as it 
should be. The jail is heated by stoves, but not comfortably in 
cold weather. The water supply is from the city water works. 
There were eight prisoners present. Prisoners when committed 
are generally poorly clad, especially tramps, who commit some 
misdemeanor for the purpose of wintering in the jail and to ob- 
tain a new suit of clothes. The food seems to be satisfactory. 
Four prisoners, who were allowed in the jailor's corridor, made 
their escape through the brick wall. The county authorities have 
purchased a lot, one block south of the court-house grounds, and 
have commenced the erection of a jail and sheriff's residence. 
The new jail will have the modern improvements and will pro- 
vide for the proper classification of prisoners. It will have 
capacity for the accommodation of about fifty prisoners and 
will cost 125,000 or more. 

Cook:— Inspected July 26, 1892. 

This jail was found to be in the best of condition in regard to 
cleanliness. The corridors are well scrubbed two or three times 

—13 P. C. 



li)4 

a week and primoners are required to cleau and scrub their cells 
daily. The lower j)art of the walls of the corridors and cells, 
^vhich are painted, are frequentU' washed and the other parts of 
the walls and ceiliu^s are whitewasiied at re<i,ulai- intervals. 
There have been no chan^'es in construction since last visit. 
There is no fui-niture in the corridors of the lower Hoor, the 
space being; required for the prisoners to exercise in. All the 
prisoners are allowed to exercise in these corridors some two 
hours of each day. The prisoners of one tier are allowed at one 
time, and when the time allowed has expired, the prisoners of 
the other tier take their places. At the time of this visit, the 
heat was almost intolerable, the mercury standing;- at 05'-. The 
o^reater part of the male ])risoners locked in their cells were 
strii)p(^d of their nnderciotliinji" and many were entirely nude. 
The food furnished was ample in (]uantity, of good quality and 
iair variety, and consisted of hash, ham. sausage, codfish and 
cream, potatoes, cabbage and other vegetables; also meats 
roasted and boiled, coffee, tea, sugar, milk, bread and butter. 
The cells each contained a small table or stand with wash-bowl 
and two iron bedsteads, one above the other, swinging from 
the wall. The beds each consist of a mattress, blaidcets, sheets, 
and pillows with slips. The bedding was clean and in good con- 
dition; it is changed weekly and sometimes twice each week. The 
female department was kept as cleau as possible and the cells and 
bedding were remarkable for their cleanliness and neatness. A 
cabinet organ was found on one of the floors. The boys' de- 
partment is kept as clean as possible. A da^' school is kept in 
this department during the school days of the year, and a Run- 
'da3' school every Sunday. Services are held in the jail every 
Snnday; the ministers of the different churches officiating in turn, 
and on(^ of the city church choirs is also in attendance at each 
meeting. Some of the prisonei-s, when received, are poorly 
clothed, and clothing is furnished when needed. There were three 
hundred and three prisoners present; 274 of them were men, 6 
were women and 28 were boys. The jail is too small for the 
proper care of the lai'ge number of prisoners committed. When 
the jail is crowded, three ])risoners have to be ]^laced in one cell, 
and some of the uhmi ]jrisonei's are ])lace(l in the boys' depart- 
m<Mit. A larger jail is needed. Tliei-e were 288 ])risoners pivsent 
January 1, 1H91, and 4,147 wei-e committed duiing the year. 
The following statement shows the charges on which the pris- 
oners wei-e committed, and how they were discharged: 

ChaviiPS. 



Arson 

Abihii'ti<jn 

Adultery 

Abort iim 

AsHJiult to kill 

Assault mill iiiittcry. 

Burglary 

BiKiimy 

IJastiuily 



25 
12 
17 
8 

437 
22 

880 
12 
81 



195 



Contempt of court 

Confldenee game 

Conspiracy 

Disorderly 

Debt 

Embezzlement 

Fraud 

Fugitive from justice , 

Forgery 

Horse stealing 

Incest 

Keeping girls in house of prostitution under 18 years of 

Larceny 

Mayhem 

Murder 

Malicious mischief 

Obtaining goods, false pretenses 

Obtaining money, false pretenses 

Miscellaneous 

Perjury 

Robbery 

Rape 

Receiving stolen property 

Threats to keep the peace 

United States prisoners 

Witnesses 

Prisoners on hand January 1, 1891 

Total 



48 
9 

22 

107 

35 

65 

8 

19 

62 

12 

6 

9 

1,402 

13 

95 

32 

25 

70 

96 

3 

280 

66 

44 

36 

44 

15 

4,147 

283 

4,380 



Prisoners discharged from January 1, 1891, to January 1. 
1892 : 

How Discharged. 



Criminal court 

County court 

Circuit court 

H'use of correction 

Justice court 

Grand jury 

Sei-ved jail sentence 

Sent to penitentiary 

Sent to reform school 

Superior c urt 

United States prisoners 

Prisoners on hand January 1, 1892 
Total 



1,078 

59 

35 

82 

1,544 

710 

150 

330 

30 

4 

44 

4,075 
395 

4,380 



Chicago City House of Correction : — Visited July 28, 1892. 

Since last visit to this institution, the new officers' quarters, 
male laundry and tailor shop have been completed, and the old 
officers' quarters have been changed into dormitories for female 
prisoners; nine hundred and sixty feet of stone wall have been 
erected around the new cell house and a new baker shop is 
nearly completed. The estimated cost of these improvements 
amounts to |118,000. The expenses for maintenance for the 
year endinir December 31, 1891, were |92,153.71, and for build- 
ing, etc., 17,839.19. The cash received and paid to the city 
comptroller Avas |63,738.87. The average number of prisoners 
present was 840, and the average per capita cost, exclusive of 
construction, was |98.18. The number of prisoners present Jan- 



100 

nary 1, 1801, was 833 and tlie nuniher conuiiitted diifin;:: the 
y<*ar 8.241). Of the above, S,()7() wore disL'liarj;ed, 1 li esca|icd. 
13 died during the year and 9'.)3 were present January 1, l8i:2. 
The nunihei- present at the time of this visit was 1,051, of whom 
801 were men, 85 were women and 75 were boys. The industries 
carried on, and in wliieh the male prisoners are employed are: 
Weaving;, cane-seatinji;, stone-cuttintr, brick-making-, shoe-makino;, 
broom-niakini>-. tailor-ing and car]jentry: the females are em- 
phn'cd in liouse work, sinving and lauiidi-y work for the institu- 
tion and tlie sev«'ral ])()lice stations. Each cell has two ii-on 
bedst(^ads, swingino- from the wall, one above the other. Each 
prisoner occupieis a cell alone when the institution is not crowded. 
The beds consist of mattresses, blankets, comforts, sheets and 
pillows. The beddino- was clean, in good condition, and is 
changed once a week and when prisoners are discharged. Pris- 
oners when committed are generally poorly' clothed. The food 
furnished, while not of great variet3^ was good and nutritious. 
The institution is well heated by steam and lighted by electric 
light, an electric light being placed opposite each cell door, so 
that the prisoners may see to read until the time arrives for the 
lights to be put out. The natural light and ventilation are 
excellent. An abundant water supply comes from the city water 
works. The di'ain gives no trouble. More cell room is necessary. 
A new building is needed for young boys. The confining of 
young boys with old criminals is productive of serious conse- 
quences. The board of insj^ectors, in their report, sa\' : ''In our 
opinion one-half of the boys committed for first offenses, under 
seventeen years, may be saved if they were sent to a refoi-m 
school, taught to work and educated while there, and when their 
term is served the stigma of 'jail-bird' will not forever stick to 
them as it now does,'' and in relation to the mode of committing 
prisoners to the house of correction the board of inspectors say: 
"The abuses growing out of the present system of committing 
prisoners to the house of correction seems to us to demand radi- 
cal changes by the legislature. Under th(» ])resent law it is en- 
tirely too easy to commit persons to this institution and (Mpially 
easy to i-elea.se them. Hence we are forced to handle the same 
prisoners numerous times during \ho same yeai* for the sanic^ 
offense and yet they m^ver serve their full sentence in any case. 
Dii-cct sentences instfnid of fines, it seems to us, is the most in- 
telligent and effectual remedy. Let us make the institution a 
place of punishment for rebellion against the law and public 
morals and thus ho])e to inculcate in the minds of those im- 
prisoned nobler ])rincipl<'s and a determination to lead purer 
lives, and not make it a convenitMici^ for those w(>ak(Mied in mind 
and body to recui)erate in, only to be turned out aftcM- a tew 
days, ar memmce to society and an enemy of the law." The 
physician re])()rts: The number of hosj)ital cases treated during 
the yeai- was 252, of which 03 were of delirium tremens and 12' 
were insanity cases, and the number of deaths were 13. He 
stated that most of th(» deaths occurred witliin from four to 



197 

forty-eight hours time after the admission of the prisonei's, their 
sanitary condition claiming- evidently "a place to die."' The 
twelve cases of insanity above mentioned, were, by order of 
court, transferred to asylums for treatment. The physician 
states, also, "the sanitary condition of the prison has been most 
excellent, and. with the single exception of overcrowding from 
the lack of cell accommodation, is all that could be desired. 
Healthful industries and warm clothing and constant attention 
to cleanliness, ventilation and disinfection being conducive to 
this result." The entire institution was remarkable for its cleanli- 
ness and neatness. Ever^^thing is polished and dust cannot be 
found. 

Crawford : — Inspected May 21, 1892. 

Since last visit this jail has been undergoing repairs. It was 
found to be clean and in good condition. The corridors are . 
furnished with chairs, which, at the time of this visit, were oc- 
cupied by two prisoners, who were charming a small audience 
by sino'ing and instrumental music. The cells each contain two 
hammocks, which are placed one above the other. The beds con- 
sist of mattresses, blankets, sheets and pillows with pillow-slips. 
The bedding is changed weekly. Prisoners are well clad and 
fed. The water supply is from a well and is conducted by a 
force-pump through pipes into the cells. The corridors and cells 
liave good natural light and the ventilation is excellent. The 
jail is comfortably heated by stoves. 

Cumberland:— 772.s/jeotec? May 23, 1892. 

This jail remains as at the last visit. The talk of the erec- 
tion of a new jail seems to be all that the county authorities 
can make up their minds to do. The corridor contains a chair 
and table. The cells have no furnjture, except beds placed on 
the floor. Each bed consists of a mattress and blankets. The 
bedding was in poor condition and might be much improved in 
regard to cleanliness. Prisoners are ifairly well clothed. The 
food furnished seems to be satisfactory. There were no prison- 
ers present. The jail is heated by a stove. The light and ven- 
tilation are poor. A sufficient water supply is obtained from a 
well. A new jail is needed in this county. The present struct- 
■Tire should be destroyed or rented out for a pig-pen; but it is 
hardly good enough for first-class hogs. 

DeKa.l.b:— Inspected August 25, 1892. 

No improvements have taken place in this jail since last visit, 
except that it has been thoroughly painted. It was found to 
be well scrubbed and the walls and ceilings of the cells and cor- 
ridors were recently whitewashed. Chairs and a table are pro- 
vided in the prisoners' corridor. The cells contain two iron 
bedsteads, one above the other. The bedding consists of mat- 
tresses and blankets. The blankets are frequently changed. 
Prisoners are generallv well clothed when committed. The fare 



198 

provided is of the samo (|iiality and variety as that j)hi(ed orr 
tlie .sheriffs tal)le. The lioht is «;ood in the corridor, bnt jjoor 
in the cells. The ventihition is fair, but sliould Ije improved. 
Consideral»le effort is refjuired to kee]) this jail clean and free 
from vermin. War on bed-hugs has been declared and the num- 
ber has been ji,i»nitly reduced. The jail is well heated bv a stove 
and the water sui)i)l.v is from tlie city water works. The drain 
remains unobstructed. There was one prisoner ])re.sent. No es- 
capes have taken place durino; the last two years. This jail is 
beliind the times. It is uncomfortable and insecure. A modern 
jail should be constructed. 

DeWitt: — Inspected September -7, 1802. 

This prison has been connected with the city water-works and 
a drain has been constiucted since last visit. The privy seats 
are now flushed and no offensive odor is noticed. With the ex- 
ception of the above improvements, the jail renuiins the same 
as at last visit. It was found to be clean and newly white- 
w.ished. The cells have no bedsteads: two benches, one in each 
corridor, compi-ise the entire stock of furniture. Beds are placed 
on the floor. The beddino; consists of blankets and matti-esses. 
Prisoners on arrival are fui-nished with clean blankets. The food 
served is wholesome and abundant. Water for drinking- ]mr- 
poses is oljtained from a well on the premises. Prisoners are^ 
generally well clothed when received. The jail is comfortably 
heated by a stove. The light in the corridors is poor and the 
cells are Vlark and without ventilation and entirely unfit for the 
occupancy of human beings. There were no pi-isoners present to 
suffei- in this antique bastile. The county is well able to erect 
a comfortable and modern jail. Prisoners have the right to 
light and jjuie air and should be made moderately comfortable 
when deprived of their libei'ty, 

DovGL.\^:— Inspected June 7, 1802. 

This jail was found to be newly whitewashed and as clean as 
such a jail can be ke]»t. The corridor is furnished with a tal)le 
and chairs and sometimes beds are placed upon the floor. The 
cells contain a wood beihstead and the beds consist of mat- 
tresses and blankets, which were in good condition. The bed- 
ding is changed when necessary. Artificial light is needed at 
times in the corridoi-; the cells ar(» dark as dungeons. There is 
vei-y little veutihUion in the corridor an<l none at all in the 
cells. The jail is heated by a stove |)laced in the corridor. There 
were four prisoners present. Prisoners are genei-ally ])Oorly 
clothed. Tlie food seems to be satisfactory. Two ])rison(M's es- 
ca])ed since last visit l>y cutting through the iron lining of the 
wall. The county authorities now see the necessity for a new 
jail. They have paid om^ th<)\isan<l dollars for a lot. which is 
located immediately south of the court house grounds. The 
contract for building a new jail, which is estimated to cost 
al)out thii-teen thousand dollars, will be lot on the IHth of this, 
month. 



199 

huF age:— Inspected August 20, 1892. 

Since last visit this county has erected a jail and sheriff's res- 
idence. The buildino; is a two-story brick with stone trimmings, 
and is located about sixty feet southeast of the court house. 
The sheriff's residence fronts west, and the jailor's office adjoins 
the residence on the east. In this room there is a gallery at 
the north and south end, and in each g'allery there are two 
steel cells for women and boys. The jail proper adjoins the 
office on the east side; it is 30x31- feet, and contains three 
steel cells, each 8x8 feet, on each side of a corridor, 12x20 feet. 
One of the cells is used as a bath-room, lavatory and water- 
closet. This room and the cells are so constructed that a sec- 
ond floor and additional cells may be added and thus double 
its present capacity. The light and ventilation are all that 
could be desired. The building is thoroughly heated by steam 
and an abundant supply of water is pumped from a well to 
tanks in the attic. The prisoners" corridor is supplied with a 
table an' I chairs. Each cell, when fully occupied, contains two 
hammocks on each side, one above the other. The hammocks 
are hooked on fasteninas to the wall. The bedding consists of 
blankets and pillows: it is changed when necessary and prison- 
ers, when committed, are furnished with clean blankets. Pris- 
oners, when committed, are generally poorly clothed. Two 
prisoners were present. They seemed to be satisfied with their 
food. There have been no escapes. This jail is a beautiful 
structure and reflects credit on the county. It is kept as clean 
as possible. The jail expenses for the year ending July 1, 1892,. 
amounted to ^1,315.75, of which amount about one-half was 
collected from Kane county. 

Edgae: — Inspected June 8, 1802. 

This jail still retains the appearance of being new and was 
found to be in excellent condition in every respect. The corri- 
dors contain no furniture and the cells have nothing but can- 
vas hammocks, which swino- from the wall. The bedding con- 
sists of blankets, which are chan.oed when necessary. The light 
and ventilation are excellent and the jail is well heated by 
steam. There is no drain; earth closets are used and give sat- 
isfaction. The water supph* is from the city water- works. There 
were two prisoners present. Prisoners are generally fairly well 
clad, except tramps. The rule is to strip tramps, bathe and 
furnish them with new clothing. The prisoners are satisfied 
with their food. Owe prisoner escaped through a tube to a tun- 
nel below, and he was not recaptured. Edgar county is erect- 
ing a court house, which wiil cost not less than .f75,p00. 

Edwards:— lospecfec? May 20, 1892. 

There is nothing new to report in relation to this jail. It is 
kept in fair condition. It is heated by a stove. The light and 
ventilation are bad in the corridor, but Avorse in the cells. The 



200 

corri(l(jr is fiiriiislKMl wllh a tal)l(' and clmiis. Tlif ct'lls each 
havo two Wiiiiks. one altovf the otlitM-. Tlic IxMldin^- cunsists of 
mattresses and blankets. The beddin<r is in fair condition. 
Ther.' were two ])risoners present and they were well clad. The 
food furnished seems to be satisfactory. Tlie water sujiply is 
from a cistern and well and is al)undant. There have been no 
escapes. This county has very little use for a jail. The keeper 
only received $3.60 for feedinj;- ])risoners durin"' the year ending- 
rfejjtember 1, 181) . If a jail is needed at all in this county, 
a new one should be erected to keep up wilh the times. 

F,ffis(',u\m:— Inspected May 24, 189'J. 

This jail is kept clean. It has good lijiht and ventilation, li 
is heated comfortably in cold weather. There is no furniture in 
the corridors or cells, except beds, which are placed on the 
floor. The bedding consists of blankets and mattresses, whicii 
are chano-ed when worn out or dirty. The prisoners are usually 
poorly clad; a large ])i-opbrtion of them being tram])s. There 
were no prisoners present. Two ])i-isoners made their escai)e by 
breaking the bai-s and walls, but tlie\' were I'ecaptured. This 
jail is worn out, insecure and the odor comes up from the cess- 
pool. A new jail should be erected. 

Y A.YT£.TTV/.~Inspected May 2o, 1892. 

This jail was found to be in excellent condition and clean in 
every part. Since last visit electric lights have been introduced. 
The corridors are furnished with chairs. The cells contain iron 
bedsteads swinging from the wall. The bedding consists of mat- 
tresses, pillows and blankets. The bedding is in <>()od condition 
and clean. The blankets are kept clean and the mattresses, 
when worn or dirty, are thi-own away. The piisoners are well 
clothed, except tram])s, who tarry but a short time. The food 
furnished is satisfactory. The natural light is good in the cor- 
ridors and cells and the ventilation is excellent. The water 
supply is from a well, to which a hose and a pump ai-e attached. 
The su])ply is abundant. The drain works well. The jail is 
comfoi-tably heated by a furnace and a stove. There was one 
prisonei- ))resent. The jailor states that a solid Hoor should be 
placed on the flooi' of the landing of second tier of cells, to \)ve- 
vent matter being dro|)ped to the annoyance of prisoners below, 
and also to prevent ])i'isoners from using the bars of the tloor 
grating as a means of escape. One prisoner escaped by break- 
ing the bars of the floor grating. 

Yowd:— Inspected July 7. ISi)2. 

This jail has the aj^pearancc of being strong and secure, but, 
sinc(^ last visit, four ])risoners effected theii- esca])e; three of them 
by loosening and removing a stone in the coriKM'. and one by 
breaking a bai", and in the use of a wii-e, o|)erating a s|)ring 
latch. There wei-e two ])risoners )ii'es<Mit. Piisoners are gener- 
ally well clothed when committcnl. The food ])rovided gives sat- 
isfaction. The jail is heated bv stoves, but not as well as it 



201 

should be in cold weather. The water supply is from the city 
and the privy seats are now profusely flushed. The drain is 
troublesome at times, when a foul odor comes into the jail. It 
is difficult to obtain g'ood sewerage in the city. The light is 
moderately good in the corridors, but poor in the cells, especially 
in the lower ones. There is no ventilation in the cells. Better 
light and ventilation are needed. The stone cells should be re- 
moved and give place to steel corridors and cells, so that pris- 
oners could not have access to the walls, and the high fence, 
Avhich obstructs the free passage of the air to the windows, 
should be torn down. 

Frank Li^ : — Inspected April 28, 1892. 

Tliei'e has been no change in this jail since last visit. The 
■cells are furnished with a mattress on an iron bedstead, which 
swings from the wall, and the bedding consists of blankets of 
sufficient number for comfort during the coldest weather. The 
bedding is in fair condition. Pi-isoners are well fed and clothed. 
The light and ventilation are bad. The jail is heated by a 
stove, which is necessary during wet weather and even during 
the summer months, when occupied. The water supply is from 
a, cistern, which is equal to the demand. Two prisoners escaped 
by passing the keeper, when he o])ened the door,' but were re- 
captured. A new jail is needed. There was one prisoner present. 

FuLTOx -.—Inspected June 22, 1892. 

Since the date of the last inspection the walls on the north 
side and the northeast corner have been repaired with large 
blocks of stone, and the jail has been piped and has connection 
with the city water-works, and the privy seats are now flushed 
with water. The expense of these improvements amounted to 
^1,054.25. The jail was found to be moderately clean. The 
light in the corridor was poor and dark in the lower cells. 
There is very little furniture in the jail; the corridor has along 
table and one chair and the cells have iron bedsteads. The 
bedding consists of mattresses, blankets and pillows; the 
blankets are changed weekly. The jail is heated by a stove. 
The water supply is from the city water-works. The ventila- 
tion of the coriidors and the lower cells is poor. There were 
four prisoners present. Prisoners, when admitted, are generally 
poorly clothed, and new clothing has to be provided in many 
cases. The food furnished seems to be satisfactory. The stone 
cells should be removed and steel cells and corridors sub- 
stituted, which would take the prisoners from the wall and give 
more security and better light and ventilation. Four prisoners 
escaped by digging through the water-closet and sewer, since 
last visit. They were recaptured. The bedsteads in use are of 
iron and easily broken, and may afford weapons for the prison- 
ers to use against the jailor. 



202 

(\mAj\tis -.—Inspected May 4. 1892. 

Tlii« jail rt'inains as at last visit. It was found to be clf^au. 
There is no furniture in the corridor. Each cell, when occupied, 
contains two col Ion loj) nial tresses placed on the floor. Eai-h 
hed has three blankets and one pillow with pillow-slip. The 
beddinji" is in <::ood condition and clean. It is changed every 
two weeks. Pi'isoners are well fed and clothed. Natural li<>ht 
is ample in the corridor, but nothinti: can be seen in the cells 
without the aid of artificial li<j,ht. The ventilation is poor in 
the cells. The water supply is from a well and cistern and is 
abundant. There was one prisoner ]n-esent. There have been no 
esca])('s since last visit. A new jail has been needed for ^-^ears, 
but the county autliorities do not see the necessity. 

(ireene: — Inspected June 14, 1892. 

This jail is in the same condition as last reported. The cor- 
ridors are furnislicd with tables and benches, and the cells with 
hammocks, swin<»iho- from the wall. The beddinji' consists of 
blankets only, which were in g'ood condition and are changvd 
when necessary. The jail was in as good condition as to clean- 
liness as such a jail can be kept. The floors were wet and a 
fire was kept to di-y them, with the mercury about 90°. The 
jail is heated comfortably by a stove in the winter. The light 
and ventilation could not l)e much worse, and the corridors are 
dark and the cells like dungeons, especially the lower ones. 
The water sujjply is from the city water-works. Xo regular 
sewer has been constructed. The ])rivy drains into a cess pool. 
Five prisoners were present; two of them were alleged to be insane 
and awaiting ti-ial. Prisoners when committed are generally well 
clothed. The food furnished seems to be satisfactory. Better 
light and ventil.-ition are necessities. A new jail with modern 
iniprovements is needed. Since last visit to this county a new 
court house has been erected, which cost f40,0()0. 

Qi\i\j^\)\:— Inspected August 12, J 892. 

Since last inspection of this jail the hot ;iir furnace hns been 
removed and the building is now comfortably heated by steam, 
and the drain gives no trouble. There were four ])risoners 
present. Prisoners are usually poorly clad when committed. 
The food fui-nished by the s'heiiff s(>ems to give satisfaction. 
The corridor is furnished with a tal)le and chairs. The cc^lls 
each contain an iron l)e<lstead, on which straw mattressi^s are 
placiMl and blaid<ets use(l for <-over. The bedding us(>(l by dis- 
charg<>d ])i-is<)ners is j)rom|)tly i-enovated and washed. The walls 
and ceilings of the corridors and cells have been recentlv white- 
washed and the stone floors thoroughly sciubbed. The floors 
were wet at the time of this visit. The light is fail- in the cor- 
ridoi-s and cells, except in the lower tier of t!ie north side. The 
ventilation is not as good as it should be. The iail is generally 



20.S 

kept clean. There have been no escapes. A new jail should be 
erected or the stone cells should be removed and steel cells sub- 
stituted. 

Hamilton: — Inspected May 4, 1892. 

There has been no chano;e in this jail since last visit. The 
jail has been empty for several mouths and has had no care 
since the last occupant was discharged. The upper room, which 
is used as the female part of the prison, is seldom in use for 
that purpose. The grand \\ivy holds its sessions there and the 
room is also used as a meeting place by societies. The cells, 
when occupied, contain a mattress placed on the floor and two 
prisoners. Blankets are used for cover, the number of which are 
increased or decreased, according to the weather. The bedding- 
was not in good condition. Prisoners are fairly well clothed 
and have plenty of good food. The corridors and cells of the 
jail were not clean. The light is good in the female department 
and in the corridor when the shutter is opened, but at other 
times the corridor and cells are dark. The jail is heated com- 
fortably^ by stoves. It is poorly ventilated during cold weather. 
The water supply' is from a cistern and well. No prisoners were 
present. Religious services are not held. There have been no 
escapes since last visit. A new jail of modern construction is 
needed . 

^ksqoqk:— Inspected June 24, 1S92. 

There has been no change at this jail since last visit. It was 
found to be clean. Another room should be provided for female 
prisoners at a greater distance from the male cells. Screens are 
used, so the sexes cannot see each other, but the vile language 
sometimes used hj the male and female prisoners may be heard, 
which is an offense to the better class of prisoners of both sexes. 
The corridor contains a table and chairs, and the cells have 
hammocks, which swing from the wall. The bedding consists 
of blankets, sheets, and pillows with pillow-slips. The bedding- 
when used is changed weekl^^ There were no prisoners present. 
New clothing is generally furnished to prisoners when received. 
The jail is heated by a stove and the water is supplied by the 
city. The light and ventilation are excellent. The drain gives 
no trouble. There have been no escapes since last visit. 

HA.RDm:— Inspected May .7, 1892. 

This county has for several years been sending its prisoners 
to jails in other counties, for safe keeping. The county has con- 
tracted with the Paulley Jail Company for the erection of a 
jail and sheriff's office combined. The structure is to be of 
brick, with steel cage and cells, and the contract price is |3,000. 
The jail is now in process of erection and is located 60 feet 
north of the court house. The county had no prisoners in any 
iail at the time of this visit. 



204 

IIkndersox:— //Aspec-fcJ June 28, lS!fL\ 

This jail is an iiii(l<M--<i:roiin(l iiistitntion. It is dark, especially 
in the eells, aii«l ilie walls are dauiit. The ventilation is bad. 
It is a dnn<i,e()n .iiid should be a crime to ])l;i<,-e men in such an 
unhenlthy ])la('e. The i.uj was found to be as clean as such a 
])lace caii be made. It has been whitewashed i-ecently. The 
con-idor is furnished with benches and the cells have ii-on bed- 
steads. The beddino; consists of matti-e.s.ses, blankets, sheets, 
pillows and slips, and comforts; it was clean and in fair con- 
condition and is changed weekly. The jail is conifortably heated 
bv a stove. There were no prisonei's present. The food furnished 
is of the same quality as that provided for the paupers. A new 
jail is badly needed. 

Hesiiy:— Inspected June 30, 1802. 

There has been no chanoe in this jail. It was found to be in 
the best condition. The cells and walls of the corridoi-s have 
been recently whitewashed and the tloors are ke])t clean. 1'he cor- 
ridors are supj^lied with tables, chairs and benclies. The cells have 
cots with wire mattresses. Mattresses, pillows and bhinkets 
comprise the bedding-; the blankets are washed by the prisoners. 
The bedding is much worn and a new su])ply is needed. The 
natural light is good, except in the lower cells. The same 
may be said in regard to the ventilation. The jail is comfort- 
ably heated by a stove. An abundance of water is obtained 
from a cistern. "^ The di-ain gives no trouble. There were six 
])risoneis present. One of them is a boy under sixteen yeai-s of 
age, charged with murdering his fatln'r. New clothing is fi-e- 
quently furnished to prisonei-s. The fooil furnished gives satis- 
faction. There have been' no escajjes. The steam heating ]»i]ies 
need renewing, and iron bedsteads, fastened to the cells, should 
be provided. 

Inoiivois:— Inspected July 7, 1892. 

This apology for a jail is still in use. When other subjects 
fail to be interesting, the cpiestion of the erection of a new jail 
is taken up by the county authorities and elaborately discussed. 
Sometimes a new jail, with modern a])j»iiances, looms up in the 
ail- in imagination', but that is as far as the construction of a 
new jail has ]»i-ogressed. There wt're five jirisoners pi-esent. 
Prisoners are generally well clothed when receiv<Ml. The food 
provided seemed to cau.se no complaint. The jail was found to 
be as rlean as such a den can l)e kept. It is heateii by stoves and 
has a st(^am i)ipe ])issing thi-ough it. The light is fair in the 
<-oi-rid()rs, but it is dai-k in the cells. The ventilation is moder- 
ate in the coi-i-idors, but the cells have none. The waliM' supply 
is from a lank, in the attic of the court house. Tiie drain gives 
no trouble, l)ut sometimes an offensive odor comes thi'ough it 
into the jail. The corridors ai(^ fuinished with a table, chairs 
and benches. The cells have iron bedsteads, fastened to the walls. 



205 

The beddiii"" consists of mattresses, blankets and quilts. It is 
changed when soiled. Four prisoners made their escape since 
last visit. Three of them, supposed to be professionals, escaped 
by cutting the clasp of the door, and the other bv passing 
throug'h the door when a number of visitors were present. It is 
hoped that the county authorities will decide to build a new jail 
immediately. 

Jackson: — Inspectt^d April 29, 1892. 

Since last visit to this jail city water has been introduced 
into the corridor and each cell has a privy seat, which is flushed 
with water. A window has Deen placed in the rear of the cells, 
which affords plenty of light and ventilation. The corridor has 
no furniture except it be a box, which is used as a seat. Each 
cell, when occupied, contains two iron bedsteads, which swing 
from the wall, one above the otli^^r, and two prisoners. The 
beds each consist of a shuck mattress and two blankets. The 
bedding is in fair condition and is changed every two weeks, 
and oftener when necessary. Prisoners are fairly well clad and 
have plenty of good food. A new floor has been laid in the 
corridor and is kept clean and tidy. The jail is heated by a 
stove. There were two prisoners present. Religious services are 
sometimes held. There have been no escapes. 

^A^v-Eu:— Inspected May 23, 1892. 

This jail was found to be in good condition and clean. The 
jailor's corridor is furnished with a table and chair. Some of 
the cells have canvas hammocks and others have beds placed 
on the floor. The bedding consists of mattresses, blankets and 
comforts ; it is in good condition and is changed when necessary. 
There was one prisoner present, sentenced to the penitentiary, 
awaiting a new trial. Prisoners are generally well clad and 
the food furnished is satisfactory. The light and ventilation 
are excellent. The jail is heated comfortably by a furnace. An 
abundant water supply is obtained from a well. One of the 
prisoners committed during the year was a tramp. He was 
adjudged insane and sent to the Southern hospital. Three pris- 
oners escaped by sawing through the grating. 

Jefferson: — Inspected May 12, 1892. 

There has been no change in the condition of this jail since 
last visit. Whitewashing has been done at regular intervals 
and a little painting has also been done. The corridors are fur- 
nished with tables and chairs. Each cell, when occupied, con- 
tains a double iron bedstead with wire mattress and two pris- 
oners. The beds consist of a mattress, two blankets, sheets, 
pillows with pillow-slips, and a spread. The bedding is clean 
and in good condition. It is changed weekly. Prisoners are 
well clad and well fed. The jail was found to be clean. The 
natural light is good in the corridors, but poor in the cells. It 
is comfortably heated by a stove. The ventilation is good. An 
abundant water supply is obtained from a tank and cistern. 



200 

Twelve piisonoi's wore ])re.sent. Two prisoners made their escape 
since last visit. 'I'ln'.v passe*! throu<;li open doors, but how the 
doors were opened remains a mystery. Tiiis jail needs a separ- 
ate department for the females and minors. 

J ERi>E\ :— Inspected June IS, 18*J2. 

This jail was found to be in excellent condition in every part. 
The ])risoners' corridors are furnished with chairs, and each cell, 
when occu])ied, contains a chair and a hammock. The beddinp; 
consists of mattresses, blankets and pillow with pillow-slip; it is 
always kept clean. The lijrlit and ventilation are <^ood in the 
coi'ridors and cells. 'J'he jail is heated comfortably by steam. 
It is lighted at night by electric light. The drain gives no 
trouble. The water sui)pl.y is from the city water-works. There 
were two prisoners ])resent. Pi'isijncrs are fairly well clothed 
when committed. The food furnished is satisfactory. Religious 
services are generally held on Sundays. Two prisont^-s escaped, 
since last visit, by breaking the bars of the window, while 
allowed in the jailor's corridor. The bars had been previously 
broken and not thoroughly repaired. The jail needs neither re- 
pairs or imjn-ovements. 

JoDaviess: — Inspected August 19, 1892. 

This jail still retains the appearance of a new jail. There 
have been no changes, except general repairs and painting. 
Stools and benches ore provided in the prisoners' corridor. 
Each cell has two iron bedsteads, one above the other, swing- 
ing from the wall, and a small stand fastened in the cornei-. 
The bedding is clean and in good condition and consists of 
mattresses, blankets and pillows. The bedding is changed when 
necessai'y and when prisoners are discharged. The room ad- 
joining the cells is used as a store-room, and contains a good 
stock of new l)lankets and clothing for the prisoners. Prison- 
efs when committed are generally poorly clothed. Thi-ee prison- 
ers were on hand; they seemed to be satisfied with the bill of 
fare. Everything is clean and tidy in this jail. It is one of the 
most comf<)rtal)le jails in the state. It is well heated by a fur- 
nace and the light and ventilation are all that could be de- 
sired. Water is supplied by the city. The drain works perfect- 
ly. There have been no escapes during the last two yeais. A 
room for female prisoners should be provided where the con- 
versation of the male prisoners could not be heard. At ]>res- 
ent, feniJile ])ris()ners are placed in cells adjoining thos(^ of the 
mah? ])iisoners, and the sexes, although not seen by eai'h other, 
somet imes cari-y on conversation whi<-h is vile and indecent, 
and sometimes res])ecta,ble female prisoners, who have been so 
unfortnnat<^ as to be placed under arrest, ai-e com] idled to 
listen to language of the vilest description. 



207 

Johnson: — Inspected May 9, 1<S92. 

There is no chano;e to note in this jail. The condition as to 
general cleanliness was poor. Each cell, when fully occupied, 
contains four cots swingino- from the wall and four prisoners. 
The bedding consists of blankets and comforts. It is in fair 
ooudition but not clean. It is not changed frequently. Prison- 
ers are fairly well clothed. The food furnished is satisfactory. 
The light is good in the corridors, but poor in the cells, and 
the ventilation might be much improved. The jail is comforta- 
bly heated by a stove. The water supply is from a well and is 
abundant. There were three prisoners present. There have been 
no escapes since last visit. Religious services are held occa- 
sionalh'. 

Kane: — Inspected August 22^ 1892. 

Since last visit this county has erected a court house, which 
cost $193,152.96; also a jail, with sheriff's residence, which cost 
f 33, 781. The building which forms the jail and residence is 
located about 100 feet west of the court house. It is a two- 
story brick. The cell room is thirty feet square, and has two 
floors and a space for a third floor. The first and second floors 
are each partitioned as follows: Four steel cells on each s de of 
a central corridor; one of the cells is used as a bath-room, lava- 
tory and water-closet. The cells are each 8x7 feet. The north 
and south corridors are each four feet wide, and the east and 
west corridors are six feet wide. The cells are locked by levers 
from the jailor's corridors. The jailor's office is between the 
residence and the main jail. The first floor of this part is used 
as an office and receiving room; the second floor has two cells 
and a corridor on each side, with bath-rooms, etc. The third 
floor has a sewing-room and a room that is used as a hospital. 
The building is heated by a hot air furnace, which is placed in 
the basement. The prisoners' corridors are furnished with chairs 
and tables. The cells have hammocks hooked on the walls and 
blankets are furnished for cover. The blankets are new and 
clean. The light and ventilation are perfect The jail was found 
to be clean in every part. It was first occupied September 5, 
1891. There were eighteen prisoners present at the time of this 
visit. They seem to be well satisfied with the food served. Since 
the destruction of the court house and jail by fire up to Sep- 
tember 5, 1891, prisoners belonging to this county have been sent 
for safekeeping to the jails of DeKalb and DuPage counties. 

Kankakee: — Inspected August 29, 1892. 

There has been no change in this jail. It remains one of the 
worst in the state. The cells are as dark as dungeons and arti- 
ficial light is needed in the central corridor. The corridors next 
to the windows have fair light. There is no ventilation in the 
cells. Prisoners confined in these cells suffer for the want of 
light and pure air. Whether guilty or not they have the right 
to sun light and to breathe. Since last visit, two prisoners, 



208 

who were allowtMl in tlitMMjrridoi', iiiJidf tlicir escafK' by <li<i<j,iii^- 
tlnon<;'h tho wall into a bed-room of the Hheriffs lesideiice. The 
family was absent, and the piisonei-s ransacked the rooms and 
stole the ])ocket book of the sheriffs wife and left for parts un- 
known. An attempt to esca]je has recently been made by a 
])risoner with the handle of a spoon, who made an openinji- ia 
the wall lariie enough for his esca])e, when he was discovered. 
Since this attempt was made, prisoners are not allowed outside 
their cells. Chairs and tables are placed in the corridors an<l the 
cells have each two irou bedsteads, one abovn the other, 
with wire mattresses. The bedding- consists of mattresses, 
blankets and pillows; it is aired every day. Pi-isoners are fairly 
well clothed when committed. Two yu'isoners were confined 
in these dungeons. The food provided is the same quality 
as that served on the sheiiff's table. The jail is comfortably 
heated l)y stoves. The water supply is from the city and the 
drain remains unobstructed. A new jail is an absolute neces- 
sity. The present one is a disgrace to the county authoritie.s 
who are so cruel and inhuman as to allow its use. 

Kendall: — Inspected August 12, 18!}-. 

Since last inspection a yjrivy seat has been placed in the cor- 
ridor, which is flushed with water, automatically, at short inter- 
vals. The water is ol)tained through the city water-works from 
a spring, which is located in the hills about one mile and a half 
distant. The water flows naturally, with considerable jiressure, 
as high as the second Moor of the court house. A drain has 
been constructed and the old cess-pools, which were of no fur- 
ther use, have been closed and sealed with cement. A table and 
chairs were found in the corridor. The cells contained iron bed- 
steads, swinging from the wall. The bedding consists of mat- 
tresses and blankets. The blankets were clean ; they are changed 
every two weeks. Ther-e were three prisoners present. They 
were fairly well ])rovided with food. The jail is comfortaldy 
heated by a stove. This jail is in a cellar and, like all such jails. 
is dai-k and has no ventilaticn. The cells are dungeons and en- 
tirely unfit for occupancy. The county authorities are deliber- 
ating about the construction of a new jail and sheriffs residence 
upon the court liouse lot. Theie have been no escapes. 

Knox: — Inspected June 27, 1892. 

There were seven prisoners present in this jail. Piisoncrs arc^ 
fairly well clad when received. Th(» food funnshed gives satisfac- 
tion. Sc'veral pi'isoners have escaped from this jail iluring the 
last two years: eh'ven escai)ed at one time and some wei-e 
reca])tured. The jail was found to be clean and in its usual ex- 
cellent condition. Tables and chairs were \n the prisoners' cor- 
ridor, and the cells each «;ontained an iron bedstead, fastened to 
the cell. Mattress«?s and l)lankets comprise the bedding; they 
were clean and in good condition, and the blankets are changed 
monthly, The jail is heated by steam, and water is furnished by 
the citv and rain water is obtained from tanks iti the attic. The 



209 

light and ventilation were g-enerally good, except in the lower 
tier ol cells. The drain gives no tronble. Xo improvements are 
needed. 

Lake: — Inspected August o, 1892. 

No improvements have been made in this jail since last visit. 
It has been painted and repaired generally, and was found to be 
in good condition and clean. There were eleven prisoners pres- 
ent. The food provided for them seems to give satisfaction. 
They are generally well clothed when committed, but prisoners 
serving long sentences have to be provided with new clothing, at 
the expense of the county. The corridors of this jail were fur- 
nished with chairs and tables and the cells have iron bedsteads, 
swinging from the wall. The bedding consists of mattresses, 
blankets and pillows : it is changed every three months and 
oftener when necessary ; it was found to be in good condition. 
This jail, being in the basement of the court house, is neces- 
sarih' dark in the corridors and cells; ai-tiflcial light is burning 
during the day. The ventilation is bad. There is no drain and 
buckets are used by the prisoners. The jail is comfortably 
heated by stoves and the water supply is from the city water- 
works. A new jail should be constructed above the surface of 
the ground, where sunshine and ventilation could be had. Pris- 
oners have rights which should not be ignored. To confine a 
man in a place like the present jail is cruel and inhuman. Pun- 
ishment of that character is as unlawful in a jail as on the out- 
side. One prisonei* escaped since last visit. He was trusted 
outside to wash windows, but as there was neither pay nor 
glory coming to him for his labors, he vanished. 

IjX^aja^y.:— Inspected August 9, 1892. 

Since last visit this jail has been painted throughout and put 
in excellent repair; the steam heating apparatus has not been 
in use for some time and the jail is now heated by a hot air 
furnace; a cage of steel grating, 4x6 feet, reaching to the ceil- 
ing, has been erected in the jaifor's office so that prisoners f^en- 
tenced to execution might always be under the eye of the watch. 
The jail corridors are furnished with chairs, and the cells each 
have two iron bedsteads with canvas bottoms, swinging from 
the wall. The bedding consists of blankets only; they were clean 
and in good condition. There were twenty-one prisoners pres- 
ent. The food furnished them seems to give satisfaction. Pris- 
oners are generally poorly clothed when received. The jail was 
clean and in excellent condition. The new furnace does not heat 
the jail satisfactory. The jail has excellent natural light and 
the ventilation is good, except when the windows are closed. 
The water supply is from the city. The drain remains in excel- 
lent condition. There have been no escapes since last visit. No 
improvements are needed, except that it be a better heating ap- 
paratus. A regular jail register is not kept, which makes it 
difficult to obtain correct statistics. 

—14 P. C. 



210 

l^AWiJENcK: — Inspected Mny -U 1S92. 

ThiH jail is beeomin«r inoiv worthlesH and dilapidated as the 
^ears i-oll by. It is an eye-soro on the court house scpiare. It 
would not make a decent looking coal-house. l*risonei-s seem 
:to leave it at pleasure. It is dirty and cannot ,be kept clean. 
Ench cell contains a hammock, s\vin<2:inj^ from the wall. The 
Taeddinp: consists of blankets only, which are washed as occasion 
demands. IVisoners are fairly well clad and fed. The jail is 
heateil by stoves. The natural li<>ht is <iOod, exce]>t in the cells. 
It is well ventilated and con)fortably heated. The watei- supply 
is from a cistern. Thei-e is one prisoner present. Seven piison- 
ers escaped durin<«: last year by cuttino- a cell Icjck. They have 
not been recaptured. 

LiEe:— Inspected Auf^ust 1^3, 1892. 

Three prisoners were present. The food provided for them 
seems to give satisfaction. One female prisoner, who was 
-charged with bui-glary, committed suicide on the samenightof her 
arrest. About sixty tramps were committed during last year 
and all were poorly clad and were pi-ovided with clothes at the 
expense of the county. Since last visit the walls of the cell room 
have been sheathed to the top of the windows with steel plate. 
The con-idors are provided with tables and chairs. Kacii cell 
contains an iron bedstead. The bedding consists of mattresses, 
■blankets and pillows, which are changed when necessary. The 
natural light is good in the corridors and cells and tlie venti- 
lation is excellent. It is comfortably heated in the most severe 
Aveather. The water supply, which is abundant, is from tht city 
■water-works. There have been no escapes. Better ])rovision 
;8hauld be made for female ])risoners. The room should be ])ro- 
wided with water-closets and other modern conveniences. 

\j\\iViii?>TO^:— Inspected August 30, 1892. 

This jail was found to be clean and in good repair. Six pris- 
oners were present. Prisoners are generally poorly clotln^d when 
committed and many of them have to be clothed at the ex]iense 
of the county. The meals furnished prisoners are of the same 
quality and variety as those sei-ved on the sheriff's table. The 
-corridors are fui-nished with stools. The cells have no furinture; 
beds ai-e placed on the floor. The bedding consists of mat- 
tresses, blankets and comforts. It is aired and changed when 
-necessary. The light is fair in the corridors and upper cells. 
The ventilation is ])oor. The jail is well heated by stoves. The 
water supply for drinking purposes is from a well, and for other 
«ses, the water is |)um])ed by a wind-pumj) from the river to a 
tank, whi<-li has hose connections. The drain seems to be un- 
obstructed, as no comjdaiiil is made of the offensive odor which 
was formeily so offensive. There have been no escai)es. 



211 

Logan: — Inspected September 0, 1892. 

Eleven prisoners were present in this jail. Since last visit 
steam has been piped to the women's department. The jail was 
found to be clean and in good condition. Whitewashing had 
been delayed on account of the sickness of one of the pris- 
oners. A small bench is all the furniture that the men's prison 
contains. Beds are placed on the floor and the bedding con- 
sists of mattresses and blankets, which are changed when neces- 
sary. The jail is comfortably heated by steam, the water supply 
is from the city water-works, and the drain gives no trouble 
except when the jail is crowded. The light and ventilation are 
fair in the upper cells, but artificial light is needed in the lower 
ones. The windows are so small and so near the ceiling, that 
Tery little light and fresh air reaches the lower part of the jail. 
Prii^oners are generally poorly clad when received and many of 
them have been reclothed at the expense of the county. The 
meals served seem to be satisfactory. The sick have special 
diet, suited to their condition. There have been no escapes. The 
jail should be reconstructed; the window^s should be enlarged, 
a;nd the stone cells removed, and steel cells and corridors should 
be erected. Such improvements would give good light and venti- 
Jation and make the jail more secure. 

Macon: — Inspected June 4, 1892. 

There is no change to note in this jail. It is kept in good 
condition by repairs, when needed, and is always kept clean. 
There is no furniture in the corridors and the cells contain noth- 
ing but beds, placed on the floor. The bedding consists of mat- 
ting and blankets; it is kept in good condition and is changed 
when necessary. Natural light is fair in the corridors, but the 
cells are dark and lack ventilation. The building is heated by 
steam. The water used is supplied from the city water-works. 
The drain is troublesome at times. There were twenty-two 
prisoners present. Prisoners, (excepting tramps) are generally 
well clothed when committed. The food furnished is satisfactory. 
There have been no escapes, except that of one prisoner, who 
passed the keeper at the door, but was recaptured. The statis- 
tics relating to the number of prisoners committed and dis- 
charged during the year are but estimates, as no i-egular jail 
register is kept of where convicts are sent, or how man\^ pris- 
oners are fined or serve jail sentences. Macon county has a 
court house now in progress of erection, which will cost not 
less than eighty-five thousand dollars. 

Macoupin : — Inspected May 27, 1892. 

The jail was found to be newly whitewashed and clean. Since 
last visit, city water has been introduced. Light and ventila- 
tion in the corridor are poor, and in the cells nothing can be 
seen without the aid of artificial light and there is no ventila- 
tion. The jail is heated by stoves. Benches are placed in the 
corridor for use as seats. The cells have iron bedsteads. The 



o-f o 

be.ldiiiin" consists of iiiattrcsses ami blankets. It is ahvavs kept 
in o-ood order. Five prisoners were present. Prisoners, (except 
tramps), are o-enerall.v well (-lotlied. Tlie food furnislied is 
alimidant and of j2,-()()d (piality. Tlii-ee ])iisoners effected their 
escai)e by passin<>' tln'ou<j,li the door, which was sui)posed by 
the keeper to be locked. The stone cells shonld be removed and 
steel cells take their places, or a new jail should be erected. 

Madison: — Inspected May Vi, 1S0l\ 

This jail was found to be in excellent condition in every re- 
spect. Since last visit the gratin<i- of the ca^e and cells has 
been painted a brij^ht red and varnished, and the rest of the 
iron work has also been painted, includin«^ the walls and ceil- 
ino's. Ther(> is no furniture in the cori'idors. Each cell, when 
fully occupicnl, contains two iron bedsteads, one above the 
other, swino-ing- from the wall and two prisonei-s. The Ijedding 
consists of a mattress, blankets, sheets and i)illow. It is in 
fair condition and reasonably clean. It is changed as occasion 
requires. There were seven prisoners present and they were all 
wellclothed. The food furnished them seemstobesatisfactory. The 
jail was well lighted and ventilated, except some of the lower 
cells on the north side. The jail is well heated by a furnace. 
An adequate supply of water is obtained from a cistei-n. There 
have been no escapes. The jail needs no improvements. 

Marion: — Inspected May 17, ISirJ. 

There has been no change in this jail since last visit. It was 
found to be in good condition and clean. There was no furni- 
ture in the coi-ridor. Each cell contains two iron bedsteads, 
one above the other, swinging from the wall. The beds consists 
of canvas bottoms, with blaiikets; no pillows. The blankets 
were in good condition and they are changed weekly. There 
were nine prisoners piesent. They were fairly well clothcil. The 
food furnished seemed to be satisfactoiy. The natural light is 
good, exce])t in the cells, which in a cloudy dny .are very dark. 
The jail is heated by stoves. The ventilation is good. The 
water supply is from the city. The drain ])erforms its functions 
satisfactorily. There Uave been no escapes. No improvements 
are needed. 

^\\it\vi\\A/.— Inspected July a, lSi)L\ 

This jail ivin.iiiis as at last visit. It was found to be clean. 
The liglit in the corridors was poor, and the cells were so dark 
that ai-tificial light is needed in order to see what they contain. 
Tlui ventilation is bad. The jail is damp and tli<> iloors a.re 
never ])erfectly dry. AVater stands in the cellar under the jail- 
or's residence, causing the walls of the I'ooms above to be 
damp, and a moldy atmosphere to pervade the whole establish- 
ment. The jail staiids on a lot that is lower than the surround- 
ing pro|)erty, which drains towards the jail lot with no surface 
outlet, which may be the reason why the floors and walls of the 



213 

jail aud residence are damp and moldy. Tables and chairs 
are provided iu the prisoner's corridor and the cells have wood 
bedsteads. The bedding consists of mattresses and bUinkets; 
the blankets are washed four times a yea,r. The jail is heated 
by a stove, but in severe weather the prisoners suffer from the 
cold. The water supply is from a cisiern. There is no drain. 
The privy- vault throws' back into the jail an offensive odor. 
One prisoner was on hand, but was allowed on the outside. 
Prisoners are o-enerallj^ well clothed when committed. There 
have been no escapes. One prisoner, who was under sentence of 
14 years to the penitentiary and awaiting a new trial, com- 
mitted suicide by hanging himself in the corridor of the jail. A 
new jail is needed. 

'SIabois:— Inspected June 1, 1892. 
. This old bastile is still used to torment those who are charged 
with crime. The corridors and debtor's room are so insecure 
that prisoners are not allowed the liberty of either, but they 
are constantly locked up in the cells. The cells are dark aud 
without ventilation, and the logs of which the cells are con- 
structed, being densely populated with bed-bugs, prisoners are 
cruelly tormented. The jail has no furniture, except a chair in 
each cell. The beds are placed on bunks of wood and consist 
of mattresses and blankets. When new prisoners are received 
the old bedding is destroyed and new bedding purchased. Pris- 
oners are generally well clothed. The food furnished is good 
and plenty. The jail has been recently whitewashed and is kept 
as clean as labor can make it. It is comfortably heated by 
«toves. Buckets are still in use as there are no privy seats. 
A well affords an abundance of water. There were six prison- 
ers present. Since last visit two prisoners made their escape 
through the transom of the door of the debtor's room ; one of 
them returned on the day of trial and was acquitted ; the other 
was subsequently recaptured. This jail is a disgrace to the 
county and those who are responsible for maintaining such 
should be indicted. 

Massac: — Inspected May 6, 1802. 

This jail remains in the same condition as at last visit, ex- 
•cept that the floor inside of the cage, which was worn out, has 
been replaced by brick and cement. The jail contains no furni- 
ture, except it be beds placed on the floor, and a sufficient num- 
ber of blankets to keep the prisoners warm. The blankets 
were in good condition and clean; they are washed after the 
adjournment of each court, when prisoners are either discharged 
or sent to the penitentiary. The prisoners are fairly well 
clothed and the food furnished is good and sufficient. The jail 
is kept moderately clean, well heated by a stove, but rather 
dark and poorly ventilated. The water supply is from a well. 
There were six prisoners pi-esent. One prisoner escaped through 
tiie stove-pipe hole, since last visit. The W. R. A. visit the jail 
on Sundays and hold meetings. A new jail should be provided. 



214 

MiDosovau:— Inspected June 'J7, 1S'J2. 

A ])ait of th(^ east wall haw been .slieathod witli boilci- irou 
Kincf last visit. Prisoners have the use of a table and diaii-s in 
the coriidcjr. The cells eontain ii-on bedsteads, s\\in<iin<>- from 
the wall. Mattiesscs, l)lankets and pillow with j>ill()\\-sli|) com- 
prise the bedding-. The beddin<i' is dean and in "ood condition; 
it is chan<><'d weekly. The jail is comfortaljly lieated by steam. 
It is well li<'hted and ventilated and was in excellent condition 
in reo-ard to cleanliness. The water supply is from a well and 
cistern. There were four prisoners i^resent. Prisoners are jj^en- 
eraily well clad when committed. The food sui)]>lied is abund- 
ant and of ft-ood quality. Three prisoners escaped since last 
visit by digiiini:' tliiouoh the wall; two were recaptured. 

McTIenhv: — Inspecteil August 10, lSi)2. 

This jail is one of the most pleasant and complete in the state. 
Everything in the jail was clean and in first class order, and 
the grounds neatly laid out in walks and flower beds. The jail 
corridor is furnished with a table and chairs. Each cell contains 
a chair and foui- ii-on bedsteads, swiufiino- from the wall, two on 
each side, one above the other. The bedding* consists of mat- 
tress(>s, blankets, sheets and pillows with slips. The sheets and 
pillow sli])s are changed weekly. There were three ])risoners 
pi-esent. Prisoners are generally fairly well clothed. The meals 
provided give no cause for complaint. Two prisoners died in 
the jail last year. One of them was an insane nmn, who set 
fire to his clothing and burned to death. Two prisoners escaped 
by breaking grating 61 corridor with a piece of gas pipe. Both 
were subsecpiently recaptured. The jail is comlortably heated 
by a fui'uace. and tlie watei- sup])ly. which is abundant, comes 
from a well and is conve^-ed by a steam ])ump to tanks in the 
attic. The light and ventilation need no im])rovemcnt. This 
jail is a gem among jails. No labor or expense is spai-ed to 
keep it clean and in good condition. 

W:IjK\^.— Inspected July 1, 1802. 

Since last insjiected the walls and ceiling of this jail, and the^ 
walls and ceilings of the cells and the iron-work have been well 
painted. The jail was found to be clean and in excellent condi- 
tion in every res])ect; it is comfoi'tably heated by steam and 
the water sup])ly is from the city. Th(> light and ventilation 
are good. The di-aiu gives no trouble. Benches ar(> ])rovided 
in the ])ris()ners" cori-idor, and haujinocks swinging fiom the 
wall are in the cells. The bedding consists of blankets and com- 
forts; it was clean and in good condition. Twenty-five prisoners 
were present; two of them weie women. Prisoners, when received, 
are generally ]ioorly clothed; the bills for clothing make quite 
an item in the exjx'uses of tlu^ jail. Th(^ food j)rovided gives 
sat isfju-t ion. Thi're have Ix-eii no (>scapes. .No improvemcMits 
are ne(^ded. 



215 

Menard: — Inspected May 81, 1892. 

This jail was found to be clean and newly whitewashed. Since- 
last visit a new steam heating- ajiparatiis has been introduced' 
and works satisfactorily. This jail has the appearance of bein^. 
strong- and secure, but appearances in this case are deceitful;. 
it is insecure. Many weak places have been found by prisoners,- 
which have been strengthened, but it is not long before prison- 
ers discover other weak points. The furniture of this jail con- 
sists of a chair in the corridor and beds placed on the floor 
of the cells. The beds consist of a mattress, blankets, sheets,., 
pillows and a pillow-slip. The bedding is in good condition.^ 
It is changed weekly Prisoners when received are generally 
poorly clothed. There were two prisoners present. The food 
furnished gives satisfaction. Natural light is good in the cor- 
ridors and upper cells, but the lower cells are dark. The Jail is 
now comfortably heated by steam. The ventilation is good, ex- 
cept in the lower cells. The drain gives no trouble. Since last 
visit one prisoner made his escape by passing the keeper at the 
door; he has not been recaptured. This jail might be much im- 
proved and made secure by removing the stone cells and plac- 
ing steel cells and corridors, so that prisoners could not have 
access to the walls. The mone^^ paid for guarding prisoners> 
would more than pay the interest on such improvement. 

Mercek -.—Inspected June 29, 1892. 

Since last inspection of this jail, city water and electric light 
have been introduced, and the privy seats are now fiusbed. 
There was only one prisoner present. Prisoners are generally 
poorly clad when they enter the jail and new clothing has to 
be furnished. The food provided gives satisfaction. The jail is 
heated comfortably by a stove. The water supply is from the 
city water-works. The light and ventilation are good, except 
in the lower cells, which are seldom used. Prisoners have the 
use of a table and chairs in the corridor. Hammocks are used 
in the cells. The bedding consists of mattresses and blankets, 
which are changed when necessary. Clean blankets are always 
kept on hand. Seven prisoners effected their escape by cutting- 
through the bars of the window. The implement used was a 
saw made in the jail from a shoe shank. The grating at the- 
windows should be made more secure and a better w^ay of 
heating should be provided. 

Mo^now.— Inspected April 26, 1892. 

This jail was found to be in its usual excellent condition. It 
is well lighted, comfortably heated and has excellent ventilation. 
Each cell is furnished with two iron bedsteads, which swing 
from the wall, sufficient for the accommodation of two prison- 
ers. Each bed consists of a mattress, three blankets, one sheet 
and one pillow. The bedding is in good condition and clean - 
It is changed weekly and the blankets are washed once in threa 



montlis. T\]i' fond fi]i-iiisli(Ml is "iood. Tlu' \vat».'r .supiily is t'l-oin 
i\ cisicrii. wliicli fuiiiislies an <il»uii(lan(;o. TluM-e were no jjiison- 
<M-s present. No esoajM's. Xo iiiiinovements needed. 

MosraoMVAiY -.—fusffected Mny ^<i, 18if2. 

Since last visit the water-dosets have been connected witii the 
citv water. The jail was found to be clean and in excellent 
condition. The corridors and cells have been newly white- 
washed. Chairs and a table were placed in the prisoners' corri- 
dor. The cells each contained two iron bedsteads, swin<i:in<i; 
from the wall, one above the othei". The beddinj;- consists of 
matti-ess, blankets and spreads, it is replaced when woiii. The 
natural li^lit and ventilation in the corridors and cells are all 
that could be desired in a jail. The jail is heated by a furnace 
and stove, but has not been heated satisfactorily on account 
of the defective furnace. There were five prisoners present. 
They were fairly Avell clothed and had no complaint to make 
about the food. The water supply is fi-om the city water- 
works. The drain works satisfactoiily. Keligious services are 
sometimes held. There have been no escapes. 

Morgan : — Inspected June 7.7, ISU:^. 

The jail was found to be in fair condition and clean. The 
corridor is furnished with benches and the cells have beds placed 
on the floor. The beddino- consists of mattresses, blankets and 
pillow with pillow-slip; it is in <>ood condition and is chantr;ed 
as often as necessar;>'. Natui-al lijiht in the corridor is not <i,ooJ 
and the cells are vei-y dark. Tlie ventilation is pool- in the 
corridor; there is none in the cells. The jail is well heated by 
stoves. The water supply is from the city water-works and is 
sometimes limited. There were three prisoners present. Prison- 
ers are o;enerally ])Oorly clothed when committed and are <ien- 
erally stripped and sent to the bath-tub and new (•lothin«>- fur- 
nished. Thei-e is no complaint about the food. There have 
been no esca])es since last visit. The iron work of the jail has 
not been pninted for several years, and a coat of li<»ht ])aint 
would bri<ih1en it up and make it look a little better, but the 
county authorities are opjiosed to spendinjj; money on the old 
buildinj:;, liopinp; that the taxpayers will soon allow them to 
build a new one. Tlie question is to be a*2,-ain submitted to a 
vote. 

Mon/PKii:: — ///.s/zer/cr/ .//;/;c ", IsUl'. 

This jail was found to be cleun and in «>'ood condition. The 
\vo\\ woi-k has been repainted recently. Tne coi-ridor is furnished 
with a table .-ind chaii-s and the cells contain no fui'niture ex- 
ce])t iron bedsteads fastiMied to the floor. The beds each con- 
sist of a mattress, blankets, sheets and ])illow with pillow-slip. 
The beddin<2,- is in <i:ood condition. The juil is heated by a fur- 
nace, but not comfortiibly in scmtc weatluM-. A «»;ood supply of 
water is obi .-lined lioiu ;i well. Tliere were six jiiisoners pres- 



217 

ent; four of th<^m were Shelby county prisoners. Prisoners are 
fairly well clothed and the food furnished is satisfactory. 
Water-closets flushed with water are needed. Buckets are still 
used and the cell used throws out an offensive odor. An iron 
floor is also needed in the corridor. Prisoners came near effect- 
ino* an escape by cutting; throu<»-h the wood floor, but were dis- 
covered in time. There have been no escapes in the last two 
years. 

Ogle: — Inspected August 24, 1892. 

Since last visit the court house, which was then in course of 
erection, has been completed. The cost, complete and furnished, 
was about $108,000. The jail was found to be in its usual ex- 
cellent condition; clean and tidy in evei-y part, The light and 
ventilation are good. The jail is well heated by a furnace, the 
drain gives no trouble, and the water supply is from the city 
water-works. The prisoners" corridors are furnished with chairs 
and benches and each cell has a heavy iron bedstead. The bed- 
ding- consists of mattresses, blankets, sheets and pillows with 
slips. The sheets and slips are changed once each week. Three 
boys, under sixteen years of age, were present as prisoners, 
charged with burglary. The food furnished to the boarders at 
this jail is ample and of good quality. There have been no 
escapes. This jail should have a suitable room for female pris- 
oners. 

Peoria: — Inspected June 21^ 1892. 

This jail is well heated by stea-m. The light of the corridors 
and cells is very imperfect, especially in the lower tiers of cells, 
and would be much improved if the perforated boiler plates 
-were removed from the windows. The ventilation would also 
be improved. The jail was found to be clean and in excellent 
•condition. The use of the cells for women, which wei'e without 
light oi* ventilation, has been discontinued, and the women are 
now placed in the boys' cells, which are w^ell lighted and venti- 
lated. Water-closets have been arranged and are flushed with 
water from the city -water-works. The drain gives no trouble 
and the foul odor is almost imperceptible. A shelf and benches 
comprise the furniture in the prisoners' corridor. The cells have 
hammocks. The bedding consists of a pillow and blankets. The 
blankets were clean and in fair condition ; they are changed and 
aired once a week. There were thirteen prisoners present. They 
are generally poorly clothed when received and new clothing is 
furnished. They are well fed. T'4iere have been no escapes. 

Peoria City Woukrovsk:— Inspected June 21, 1892. 

The buildings of this institution were found in their usual ex- 
cellent condition. Dirty floors or soiled walls are not allowed, 
Since last visit the upper tier of cells in the male department, 
which were densely populated with bed-buo-s, have been removed, 
and iron cells have taken their places. The wood cells onh' ac- 



218 

t'oimuodatiM] ten jiHsoikm-s, while the seven iron r-cl Is substituted 
will <^ive i-()oiii for fourteen prisoners. These cells have exeellent 
lijiht and ventilation and the l)ed-bu<is have been routed. The 
industries pursued are the same as at last report. The expenses 
of tlie institution for the year ending- December 'M, 1891 were, 
for maintenance fi2,835.0G and for im]>rovements $1,058.67. 
The total receipts were $19. 883. Of). There were forty-two pris- 
oners ])resent; seven of them were females. Prisoners are jicner- 
ally ])oorly clothed. They have good food in abundance. The 
cell room is su])plied with a table and benches. The cells have 
iron bunks, and the bedding consists of mattresses, sheets, pil- 
low with pillow-slip and quilts; it is changed weekly. The in- 
stitution is e )mfortably heated by steam, generally well lighted 
and the ventilation good. The water supply is from the city. 
The number of prisoners present January 1, 1891 was fiftv-tive; 
the number committed during the year was three hundred and 
twenty; and the number remaining January 1. 18iJ2, was (ifty- 
three. 

Veriiy— Inspected April 27, 189 2. 

Since last visit city water has beeu introduced into this jail. 
The jail was in good condition and clean. Each cell contains 
two small boxes, for seats, and two beds placed on the floor, 
and two prisoners, when occu])ied. The bedding consists of a 
mattress and three blankets for each prisoner. It is changed 
weekly. Prisoners are fairly well clad and have plenty of good 
food.' The light and ventilation are excellent. The jail is well 
heated by stoves, exc-ept in very cold weathei-. The drain woi-ks 
well. Keiigious services are sometimes held. There have been 
no escapes since last visit. The plastering of the ceiling needs 
repairing, and new appai'atus for heating should be furnished. 
There were three prisoners present, awaitina- trial. 

FiAT'v:— Inspected June 10, 1892. 

The only changes made at this jail since last visit are as fol- 
lows: A switch lever has been ])rovided for locking the door 
between the jailor's cori-idor and the prisoners' coi-ridor, and 
the el(?ctiic light is now used. The ])risoners' corridor is fur- 
nished with tables and chaii's. The cells are provided with cots. 
and the beds consist of l)laid<ets, mattresses, pillows and com- 
forts The bedding is in good condition and is changed weekly. 
The jail was clean. The light and ventilation are not good. 
Th(^ "jail is well heated by stoves. Water is sui)])lietl by the city. 
There were seven pi-isoners pi-esent. Pris()n<Ms are generally 
poorly clad when i-eceived. The food fundshed is sat isfact oiy. 
The night before the visit, as the sheriff unh^-ked the jail door, 
one of the prisoners struck him on th(> head with the U^g of a 
cot, knocking him down and seriously injuring him. The ]»iis- 
oner escajied. Since last visit two pi'isonei's made their (^scape. 
One of them sneaked by the turnkey when llie door was un- 
locke(l, and the othei- esca])ed as above stated. This jail is too 



219 

•small and it is danj^erous handling; prisoners with so little room. 
More lio-ht and better ventilation should be obtained. 

Pike: — Inspected June 16, 1892. 

Since last visit to this jail the platform fronting- the upper 
tier of cells has been extended on the sides and ends to the 
walls, by cross-barred iron grating;; the wall of the corridor has 
been strengthened bj scantling- and heavy lumber, and the whole 
sheathed with iron, and the jail is now supplied with water from 
the city water-works. The prisoners' corridor is furnished with 
a talble, chairs, and benches, and the cells provided with cots. 
Blankets are the only bedding and they are cleaned when the 
prisoner who used them has been discharged. The jail was 
found to be in good condition and clean. It is heated by stoves. 
The light in the corridor and upper tier of cells is fair,"^ but it is 
dark in the lower tier. The ventilation is not good. The drain 
gives but little trouble. No bad odor was perceptible. There 
were four prisoners present. Prisoners when committed are 
poorly clothed; there old clothing is generally removed and new 
clothing furnished. The food furnished gives satisfaction. Since 
last visit two jn^isoners escaped by bending an iron bar of the 
upper floor and passing through the door. They were subse- 
quently recaptured. The sheriff stated that thejail should be 
heated by steam. 

Pope ■.—inspected May 5, 1802. 

There is no change to report in the condition of this jail. It 
is still used as a place of punishment, for the innocent and 
guilty alike. The beds are placed on the floor; no other furni- 
ture is visiljle. Prisoners must either stand or occupy the beds. 
The bedding consists of blankets only, which are changed as 
often as occasion requires. The light of day does not shine in 
the vile abode; nothing can be seen without artificial lig-ht. 
The ventilation is bad. The jail is not heated; prisoners have 
to go to bed to iveep warm in severe weather. There were four 
prisoners present, who said that they have no complaint to 
make about the food. This building should not be used as a 
jail. 

Pulaski -.—Inspected May 7, 1892. 

There has been no change in this jail since last visit. The 
most commendable features of this jail are its light and venti- 
lation, otherwise it is a failure. It is insecure, poorly arranged 
and is regarded as a breeder of sickness. One prisoner was dis- 
charged on his own recognizance, on account of sickness, but 
died two or three days afterward. The jail has no furniture; 
beds are placed on the floor of the cage. Each bed, during 
cold weather, is provided with three blankets or comforts and 
a straw pillow. The bedding is in bad condition and not clean. 
Prisoners are fairly well clothed. The food furnished is good 
and abundant. There were two prisoners present. The jail is. 



220 

heated l>v a stove. The water supply is fioin a well and a cis- 
tern. A hose and foree-punip conneot with the well, for use in 
case of tire. One ])risoner esca])e(l bv l)reakin<»; tlnou<::h the 
ceilinji; and l)ri(k wall and lowered liini.sHf with a blanket, at 
thf same time he lia<l chains bolted to his linil)s. A vote is to 
bf* taken this eoniino* fall on the bnildino; of a ni*w court house 
and jail. Thcv are l)oth necessities. The county does business 
in an old clnncli. 

Vvtsam:— Inspected August if, lSifL\ 

There has been no chano'e in this jail. It was found to l)e in 
the same condition as heretofore reported. It remains a dun- 
j2;eon, dark and without ventilation. Dni'in;»: the hot weather it 
is very uncomfortable. The bedding- was in fair condition: it is 
changed on the arrival of a n'^w prisoner, which is quite an 
ev^ent, as only two prisoners were committed during last year. 
The jail is heated comfortably by a stove. There were no ] iris- 
oners ])resent. This county has very little use for a jail. There 
were no jirisoners present January 1, 18i)l. July 1, 1891 and 
January 1, 1892. The county should cease to use this jail as 
it is inhuman to place human beings in it. 

Randolph: — Inspected April 27, 18U2. 

This jail remains as heretofore re])orted. A proposition is 
made to take out all the stone cells and erect a st(Vl cage con- 
taining steel cells and enlargt^ the openings in the walls, so as to 
g'ive adequate light and ventilation. Each cell is furnished with 
stools and cots, one for each prisoner. When crowded, as many 
as five prisoners are confined in one cell. Each bed consists of 
a straw mattress, two blankets, pillow with jMllow-slips and two 
spreads. The bedding is in fair condition, it is changed every 
two weeks. Prisoners are g-enerall.x well clad and well fed. The 
jail is kept as clean as circumstances will admit. The interior 
is so dark that little can b? seen without artificial light. The 
ventilalion is bad and the walls and fioors are damp. The jail 
is comfortably heated. The water supply is from a cistern and 
is generally adequate, but water was scarce last summer. There 
was only one prisoner present. 

\\w\\\.\-:i\y.— Inspected May 21), 7<b'.Vi'. 

This abominable and detestable jail still serves to tc^rment 
those who are <-om])elIed to breathe within its walls. The light 
and ventila ion in the con-idoi- is fair, but the cells are dark 
and are not ventilated. The cess-jtool throws into the jail an 
offensive odor. The coiiidors aiv furnishc^d with chairs. The 
cells contain a chair: also a hammock, which swings from the 
wall. The bedding consists of matti'csses, blankets and ])illows 
witii ]>illow-slii)s. The bedding is in good condition and it is 
changed weekly. Prisoners ai*(> fairly well clad and fed. It is 
ini])ossili|e to make this jail a])])(Mr clean, h is heated l»\- 
stoves. All a(le(]ii;ite snpplv of water is taken troiii a well. 



221 

There were four prisoners present. Durino- last year two prison- 
ers effected their escape by breakino- a bar and lowering- them- 
selves to the o'rouiid by a rope, and one prisoner was trusted 
outside and has not been heard of since. A new jail should be 
erected without dela\^ 

Rock Island: — Inspected August 10, 1892. 

Since the last inspection of this jail the east and west walls 
have been sheathed to the ceilino- with boiler iron and the en- 
trance to the female department has been closed and an en- 
trance made from the sheriff's office. Tables and benches are 
provided in the corridor. Each cell contains two iron bed-frames, 
swinging- from the wall. The beds consist of mattresses and 
blankets. The bedding- was clean and in good condition and is 
changed every two weeks or when necessary. The floors of the 
corridors and cells were clean. The light in the corridor and 
cells on the west side was moderate only. The east side corri- 
dor and cells are dark. The ventilation is bad. The water sup- 
ph^ is from the city. The drain works well. The jail is com- 
fortably heated by steam. There were fourteen prisoners pres- 
ent; the^^ seemed to be satisfied with their food. Prisoners when 
received are generally poorly clothed and have to be clothed at 
the expense of the county. Since last visit one prisoner escaped 
by cutting off a bar and digging through the wall. Rock Island 
should erect a modern jail. The present one is insecure, un- 
comfortable and not fit for the confinement of prisoners. 

Saline: — Inspected May 10, 1892. 

There is no change to note in this jail except general decay. 
The corridor is furnished with a table and a chair. Beds are 
placed on the floor of each cell. The beds consists of straw- 
mattresses, blankets, sheets, pillows and pillow-cases. The bed- 
ding was in good condition and clean. It is changed as often 
as necessary. There was one prisoner present. Prisoners are 
fairly well clothed and have plenty of good food. The jail is 
kept as cleanly as it is possible for such a rotton tumble-down 
affair. The light in the corridor is fair, but the cells are dark 
and have no ventilation. A limited water supply is obtained 
from a cistern. Water had to be hauled last year. 'J"'here 
have been no escapes. A new jail will be built when the county 
is rich. 

Sangamon:— Zflspectef/ September 2, 1892. 

Since the last inspection, the jail has been put in good repair, 
and thoroughly painted inside and outside, and a steam boiler 
for heating purposes has been purchased and placed in position. 
The jail was found to be as clean as possible; it is not allowed 
to remain in any other condition. Benches are placed in the 
corridors, and the cells have two iron bedsteads, one above the 
other; each bedstead has a wire mattress. The bedding con- 
sists of blankets, which are frequently changed, aired, disin- 



222 

fected and washed. Thirty-nine prisoners were present. Many 
of the pi-isoners, when coinniit ted. hav«' to be i-e clot hed at tiie 
expense of the connty. Some of tJK'tn are covered witii vermin, 
and on theii- arrival ai-e strijjjx'd and com]>elled to lake a bath, 
uhich tiiey re<i:ard as a severe punishment. The food furnished 
is <ienerally satisfactory. The jailor stated that some of the 
prisoners would oceasionally "kick" about the fare, but no at- 
tention was ])aid to them, as such characters would "kick" if 
they weie boarchnl at the Leland Hotel. The lifi^ht and venti- 
lation in this jail are excellent. It is heated c(Mnfoi-tably by 
steam and the water 8U])i)ly is from the city water-works: the 
drainaj2,e is ]»ei-fect. The jail is in first class condition and no 
improvements are needed, unless it could be removed a f^reater 
distance from the street, wliere ])i-isoners could not annoy ])er- 
sons passin<»'. Nineteen U. S. prisoners were present January 1, 
1891 and 173 were committed during the year, of which 11 
were sent to the penitentiary, 171 were delivered to tlie U. S. 
marshal (there is no recoi-d showing how they were disposed 
of), 10 reiiiained in jail January 1, 1892. 

ScnuYhKu:— Inspected June 22, 1892. 

There were three prisoners present in this jail. Prisoners, 
when received, are poorly clothed and clieaj) clothing has to be 
furnished. They are well fed. The jail is heated by a stove. 
The water supply is from a well and cistern. The light and 
ventilation are only moderate. The prisoners' corridoi- con- 
tains a tal)le and chairs, and the cells have iron bedsteads. 
The bedding consists of mattresses, blankets and pillows; it is 
changed monthly. The jail was clean, exce])t in the water- 
closet. The drain gives no trouble. One prisoniM-. who was 
trusted outside, left without leave, and nothing has been heard 
from liiiii sinc(>. A new jail is ncfnled. 

Scott: — Inspected June 14, IS!}2. 

No change (;an be noted in this jail. It was found to be in 
fair condition for such a poorly arranged building. The pris- 
oners' coi'ridor contains a. table and chaii'S. and the cells have 
nothing except hammocks, which swing from the wall. Blank- 
ets are th(^ only l)e(lding and they are changed when soiled or 
badly w^orn. The jail is well heated by stoves. Very little can 
bo seen without ai'titlcial light and the cells arc^ as dai'k as night. 
There is very little ventilation and that passes through some 
small windows. The* drain gives no trouble. The water supply 
is from a well. There were no prisoners ]U'esent. I^risoners 
when receivcMl are generally well clothed. The food furnished is 
good and abundant. .\ new jail is a necessity, .as the present 
qiiai-ters are too small, daik and have no ventilation. The old 
jail sliouhl l»e abandoned. 



09'' 

Shelby: — Inspected June 0, 1S92. 

The old jail has been torn down and a new jail, with sheriff's 
residence, was in course of erection on the same location at the 
time of this visit. The building will have four cells for males 
and one cell for females; there will be two cells on each side of 
a central corridor and they will be constructed of steel. No cells 
will be placed on the second floor for the present. The buildin«-, 
when comjjlete, will cost about fifteen thousand dollars. Durinj>; 
the erection of the jail prisoners are sent to Moultrie county jail. 

^tauk:— Inspected July 1, 1S92. 

There has been no change to note in this jail. The question 
of the erection of a new jail is still unsettled. It is proposed to 
submit the matter to a vote at the next election. The build- 
ing was found to be as clean and neat as such a place can be 
kept. It is heated comfortably by a stove. Nothing can be 
seen without the aid of artificial light and there is no ventila- 
tion. The jail consists of one room, and is furnished with a 
table, chairs and bedsteads. The bedding consists of mattresses, 
blankets, pillow with slip, sheets and comforts, which are in 
good condition ; it is changed weekly when prisoners are pres- 
ent. Prisoners who are committed to serve jail sentences are 
immediately remo\;^ed to the Peoria county jail. One prisoner 
belonging to this county was in the Peoria county jail serving- 
sentence at the time of this visit. Stark county has very little 
use for a jail. There are no saloons in Toulon, which may ac- 
count in part for an empty jail. One prisoner escaped by cut- 
ting the lock. This jail is one of the worst in the state, and 
it reflects discredit on the county, 

St. Ci.xm:— Inspected April 25, 1892. 

There has been no change to note in this jail since last visit, 
except that a dungeon cell has been provided, which has all the 
horrors of a dungeon, as it has neither light nor ventilation. 
The corridors are furnished with tables, chairs and iron bed- 
steads with canvas bottoms. Each cell, when occupied, contains 
two cots, one above the other, on iron bedsteads, which swing 
from the wall, and has accommodation for two prisoneis. The 
bedding on each cot consists of two blankets, one sheet and a 
spread. It is clean, in good condition and is changed weekly. 
The canvas part is washed when needed. Prisoners are well 
clad; the food furnished is plain prison fare and seems to be 
satisfactory. The prisoners are generally cleanly. Lice and bed- 
bugs are frequently found. This jail is regarded as fire-proof, 
the cells are well lighted and well heated by steam. The ventila- 
tion is through doors and windows and each cell has ventila- 
tion through the roof. Water is supplied by the city in abund- 
ance. There is no sewer, the water-closets drain into a catch- 
basin, and other waste water flows through the gutters of the 
street. The jail woodwork was being painted at the time of 
this visit. No escapes. Religious services are held occasionly. 
Twenty-six prisoners were present. 



224 

Stkimiionson: — Inspected August 17. IS'J-. 

This jail is always found to Ix' clean and in excellent condi- 
tion in every res])ect. The corridors are furnished with chairs 
and benches. The cells contain iion bedsteads, bolted to the 
floor. The bedding; consists of mattresses, blankets, sheets and 
pillows with slips; it was cle;in, in |!j;,ood condition and is ehan<i:ed 
weekly. There weie seven j)risonei-s in the jail, wlio are \)vo- 
vided with an abundance of <iOod food. They ai-e <2;enerally 
poorly clothed when received. One insane man. while a prisoner, 
last year coniinitted suicide by hanjiin^'. The jail is heated com- 
fortably by steam and the light and ventilation are excellent. 
Water is supplied by the city. The drain works ])erfectly. There 
have been no escapes. General repairs and painting- have been 
done since last visit and the jail needs no improvements. 

Tazewell: — Inspected June -(K 1892. 

This old bastile was found, to be in as grood condition as cii*- 
cumstances will allow and as clean as possible. There were 
three innmtes present, in the dungeon-like darkness. Tazewell 
county has at last taken action reg-arding* the jail question, and 
a new building;, comljiuing- a sheriff's residence and a jail, was 
at the time of this visit near completion. The jail room is 
about thirty feet square, and it will contain a steel cag;e on 
each floor, with three steel cells on each side of a central coi-i-i- 
dor. Four cells will also be placed in the u])per rooms of the 
sheriff's residence; two for women and two for boys. The jail 
will have accommodation for thirty-two ])risoners. The outer 
walls of the building- are of pressed brick, with stone trimminj]^s. 
The jail will have an abundance of natural light and ventila- 
tion. It will be heated bj'^ steam and have water and privv seats 
in each cell. The building- will cost about |20,U()0. The old 
jail buildiuf^ will be removed as soon as the new one is com- 
pleted. Tazewell county is entitled to commendation and con- 
g'ratulations in this their new dejiarture. 

\'su)S:— Inspected April ■{(), 1802. 

This jail resembles a receiving- vault foi- the dead. It is dark, 
damp and has no ventilation. lOach cell contains iron bod- 
steads, swinging- fi-om the wall and have canvas bottoms, but 
no mattress. The bedding- consists of blankets. The food fur- 
nished is g-ood. The jail was empty at the time of this visit. 
It is ])OOi-ly heated by a i^tove, i)la('ed in the hall-way. The 
water su])i)ly is from a cistei-n. The drain continues to be a 
ti'ouble. Tliei-e have been no escapes fi-oui this toint). \ new 
jail is a necessity. 

Vekmilio.x:— //w/ver'/cj .Juiif .'>. lsi)2. 

This jail was found to be in its usual good condition and 
clean. There has been no chang-(v The prisoners' coi-ridors 
have benches for seats, and the cells have no furniture except' 
beds, which ai-e ])lac(Hl on tlu» floor: the bods consist of mat- 



tresses and blankets, which are chanoed when soiled or worrh. 
The hg-ht and ventihition are excellent, and the jail is comfort- 
ably heated by steam. The water supply is from the city, with 
connections in every part of the building. There were six pris- 
oners present. Prisoners when admitted are generally poorly 
clothed, and new clothing is frequently furnished to tramps, 
who are' dirty and lousy. The prisoners have a plentiful supply 
of wholesome food. There have been no escapes. No improve- 
ments are needed. 

WABAi^E-.— Inspected May 10, 1892. 

This jail is kept as clean as possible. The prisoners' corridor 
is furnished with a table and chairs. The cells have hammocks 
hooked to the walls. The beds each consist of canvas bottoms, 
quilts, sheets and blankets. The bedding is changed according 
to circumstances. The prisoners are usually fairly well clad. 
They have an abundance of good plain food. The light and 
ventilation are good. The jail is heated comfortably b}* a stove. 
The w^ater supply is from a well and cistern and is inadequate. 
There were three prisoners present. No improvements are 
needed. There have been no escapes since last visit. 

W \mrf.k:— Inspected June 28, 1892. 

This jail was found to be clean and in excellent condition. 
There were two prisoners present. Prisoners, except tramps, 
were fairly well clothed when received. The food served seems 
to be satisfactory. The jail is heated comfortably by steam, 
and the water supph^ comes into the jail from the city water- 
works, and is connected with the wash bowls, privy seats and 
bath tubs. The drain, now connected with the city sewerage, 
gives no further trouble. The prisoners' corridor is furnished 
Avith tables, chairs and benches, and the cells contain ham- 
mocks, which swing from the wall. The jail has excellent light 
and ventilation. No improvements are needed. P^ive prisoners 
escaped by cutting the steel plate that forms the ceiling of the 
cell, with acid, which was supposed to be furnished from the 
outside. 

W asrington:— Inspected May 12, 1892. 

Since last visit to this jail a floor of grouting has taken the 
place of the old iron floor, which had rusted out, and a door 
of grating has been placed in the wall of the airing court, with 
an additional door of wood. When the wood door is open the 
air can circulate freely through to the room occupied by the 
prisonei's. The corridors contain chairs and a stove. The cells 
each contain iron bedsteads swinging from the wall, with mat- 
tress, straw and moss pillows and blankets. The bedding was 
in fair condition. The blankets are washed once in three months 
or as often as necessary. Prisoners are well clothed and fed. 
The corridor of the jail is much improved by the new floor and 
is more easily kept clean. The cells are dark and without venti- 

—15 P. C 



226 

lation. The i.iil is comfortably heated duriufj; the wiiilcr. An 
ahiiiiihiut sii|)j)ly of ^vate^ is taken from a cistern. Tiiere were 
four jtrisoncrs jjivsent; two were serviii*;' sentence and two were 
sentcnct'ii to execution. The two who were sentenced to execu- 
tion are neoi'oes who have been convicted of mur(lerin<i- a pedler. 
The date of their execution is fixed for next Saturday, the i4th 
inst. The scaffold and enclosure were in process of erection at 
the time of the visit. This jail could be remodeled at a slight 
expense and made comfortable and secure. Four prisoners 
escaped since last visit through the iron floor of the corridor. 
One was recaptured. 

Wwne:— Inspected May 7.9, 1S9l\ 

Since last visit to this county a court house and jail has been 
erected. The court house cost |25,000, and the jail, with the 
sheriff's residence, |10,000. The jail is a two-story brick l)uild- 
ing The sheriff's residence has three rooms and a hall on the 
first floor and four rooms and a hall on the .>^econd floor. The jail 
is 34x24 feet. The men's department contains two cells and a 
prisoners' corridor, and is constructed of a combination of steel 
and iron. The grating of the corridor and the cell doors is of 
2-in.x,!4-in. flat bars, of the same material. A jailor's corridor 
surrounds the whole. A space is left above the cells for the con- 
struction of additioiml cells should they be neetled. The women's 
piison has two cells, one above the othei', constructed of the 
same material as the men's cells. The cells are each 7x0 feet. 
The prisoners' corridor contains a bench, privy-seat and water- 
bowl. The water is supplied from a tank on the outside, which 
is filled by a wind-pump. The jail was built by the Paulle.- Jail 
Company. I'Lich cell contains iron bedsteads, swinging from the 
wall. The bedsteads have canvas bottoujs, with mattress, pil- 
low and blanket. Each cell will accommodate four ])i'isoner8. 
The bedding is new and clean. It is chang(>d when ntn-essary. 
Prisoners are fairly well clad and fed. The jail is heated com- 
foi-tably by stoves. It has good light and ventilation. The 
drain works well and the water supply is abundant. 

\y mi e:— Inspected May 3, 1Sf)L\ 

This jail was found to be in good condition, m-wly whitewashed 
and clean. Eai-h cell when occupied contains a cotton top mat- 
tress placed n|)on tlii^ llooi-. and th«.' bedding consists of blank- 
ets, which are added accoiding to the severity of the weather. 
Prisoners are well cloth«Ml and well fed. The light in the corridor 
is good, but most of the cells are daik. The jail is heated com- 
fortably by stoves and a cistern affords an abundant supply of 
water. Theie have been no escapes. Religious seivices are held 
every Sunday when ]irisonei\s ar*^ ])resen(. There were two i)ris- 
oners pres(Mit at the time of this visit. There is some talk of 
the erection of a new iail. 



227 

Whiteside: — Inspected August 23, 1892. 

This jail was clean and in excellent condition. Paint, soap, 
water and labor have not been spared in keeping this jail in 
good condition. Eight prisoners were present. They seemed to 
be satisfied with the quantity and quality of food provided. 
Prisoners, when committed, are general^ poorly clothed. The 
corridors are provided with benches and the cells contain iron 
bedsteads. The bedding consists of mattresses and blankets. 
The blankets are changed once each week. The jail is comfort- 
ably heated by stoves, and the water supply, which is noted for 
its purity, is from the city water-works. The drain gives no 
trouble. The corridors and cells have good natural light and 
the ventilation is excellent. One prisoner was sent out for coal 
but did not return. The room provided for female prisoners 
needs furniture, heating and the modern conveniences. 

Wii^L,:— Inspected August 8, 1892. 

There were thirteen prisoners present at the time of this visit. 
Prisoners, when committed, are fairly well dressed, but tramps 
are poorly clad. The food provided seems to be satisfactory. 
The corridors are provided with tables, chairs and benches. 
Prisoners sleep on bunks of leather and have blankets for cover. 
The blankets are changed once in two months ; they were clean 
and in good condition. The corridors and cells were clean. The 
jail is comfortably heated by a furnace. The water supply is 
from the city water-works. The drain gives no trouble. The 
light and ventilation are good in the upper tiers of cells, but 
in the lower ones it is dark and without ventilation. The rooms 
for women and boys are in good order. Since last visit the 
ceiling over the furnace has been sheathed with iron and a new 
furnace purchased. Nothing is needed in way of improvements, 
except that it be water-closets in each cell. Buckets are used, 
which are very offensive. One prisoner, who was trusted out- 
side, left for parts unknown. 

Williamson :—i/7spectec? May 11, 1892. 

Since last visit to this county a new jail has been erected on 
the old jail lot. The jail building is a two-story brick, about 
40x24 feet. The first floor is occupied by the jailor and his 
family; the second floor is the jail proper. The brick work was 
erected under supervision of the county authorities and the iron 
and steel work was furnished by the Champion Iron Co. The 
jail for males has two cells of steel, on each side of a central 
corridor, the whole surrounded by a jailor's corridor. The cells 
are each 7x9 feet, and each contain iron bedsteads swinging 
from the wall. The female department consists of two cells, 
7x9 feet, which are entirely separated from the male department. 
The beds each consist of a mattress and three blankets. The 
bedding is in fair condition and moderately clean. There were 
four prisoners present. The prisoners were fairly well clothed. 
The food furnished is satisfactory. The jail is heated by stoves- 



22S 

and is well lighted and ventilated. The water supply is from a 
well and is abundant, but not of good quality. The jail seems 
to be a good one and hah' been needed for several vears. It cost 
^G,000. 

\\\ysEii\(Ao :— Inspected August 1~>, 1892. 

ICight prisoners were present in this jail ; they were fairly well 
clothed and tlie food furnished them seems to 2:ive satisfaction. 
Since last visit the mode of heating the jail has been changed 
from steam to hot water, and the building has been thoroughly 
repaired and painted. There is no furniture in the coiridor and 
none in the cells, except iron bedsteads swinging from the wall. 
The beds consist of mattresses and blankets, which are changed 
when new prisoners arrive. The jail was as clean as it could be 
made. The light is good in the corridors and up])('r cells, but 
the lower cells are dark. The ventilation should be improved. 
The jail is now (-omfortably heated in the coldest weather. The 
water supply is from the city water-works. The drainage is 
good. One prisoner escaped by placing a dummy in his becl and 
slipping through the door, the jailor thinking he was locked up. 
No improvements seem to be needed. 

AVooDFORu: — Inspected July 5, 1892. 

There has been no change in this jail. It is the same as re- 
ported two years ago. Three prisoners were jiresent at the 
time of this visit. They are generally yjoorly clothed when they 
enter this place of torture. They have plenty of good food and 
are made as comfortable as their surroundings will admit. The 
cells each contain a wood bedstead, a table and chairs. The 
bedding consists of blankets, mattresses and spreads; it was in 
fair condition and clean. The jail is comfortably heated by a 
stove and the water supply is from a cistern. The jail is 
whitewashed once a month and is kept as clean as such a ]jlace 
can be ke])t. The jailor stated that war had been declared 
against the large army of bed-bugs and the nnmbei- nmterially 
reduced. The jail is dark and without ventilation. There have 
been no escapes since last visit. The question of building a new 
jail is being agitated, and it is expected that it will be sub- 
mitted to a vote at the next election. A new jail is badl.v~ 
needed, as the pi-esent one is a disgrace to humanity. 



APPENDIX 



231 

APPENDIX L 



STATISTICAL TABLES, 



Table I. 

LIST OF INSTITUTIONS AND SUPERINTENDENTS. 

There are at present, in the state of Illinois, seventeen public 
institutions, in actual operation. We oive their names, loca- 
tion, and the dates of their respective creation: 



Name. 



Location. 



Cre- 
ated. 



Correctional. 



Penitentiary (Northern) 

Penitentiary (Southern' 

Illinois State Reformatory . 



Joliet . .. 
Chester. 
Pontiae.. 



Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 
Illinois 



Charitahle. 

In-tit'Jtion for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb Jacksonville., 

Central Hospital for the Insane Jacksonville . 

Institution for the Education of the Blind Jacksonville., 



Soldiers' Orphans' Home 

Asylum for Feeble Minded Children 

Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary . . 

Northern Hospital lor the Insane 

Southern Hospital for the Insane 

Eastern Hospital for the Insane 

Soldiers' and i^ailors' Home 

Asylum for Insane Criminals 



Edticational. 



Normal University 

Industrial University 

Southern Normal University. 



Normal , 

Lincoln 

Chicago... 

Elgin 

Anna 

Kankakee 

Quincy 

Chester 



Normal 

Urbana 

Carb ndale. 



1827 
1877 
1801 



1839 
1847 
1849 
1865 
18(i5 
1865 
1869 
1869 
1877 
1885 



1857 
1867 
1869 



LIST OF SUPERINTENDENTS. 



Name. 


Superintendent. 


CorrectionaL 
Penitentiary (Northern) 


H. D. Dement 


Penitentiary (Southern) 


E. J. Murphy 


Reformatory 


B. P. Sheets 


Charitahle. 
Institution for the Deaf and Dumb 


Philip G. Gillett. LL. D.... 


Central Hospital foi' the Insane 


Henry F. Carriel, M. D 


Institution for the Blind 


Frank H.Hall 


Asvlum for the Feeble-Minded Children 


William B. Fish, M. D 


Soldiers' Orphans' Home , 


H. C. DeMotte. Ph. D.... 


Eye and Ear Infirmary 


Edgar C . . Lawton 


Northern Hosiiital for the Insane 


Henry J. Brooks, M. D.. 


Southern Hospital for the Insane 


E. B. Elrod, M. D 


Eastern Hospital for the Insane 


R. S. Dewev, M. D 


Illinois Soldiers' and Sailors' Home 


J. G. Rowland 


Illinois Asylum for Insane Criminals 


W. T. Patterson. M. D.... 


Educational. 
Normal University 


John W. Cook 


University of Illinois 


Thomas J. Burrill 




John Hull 







232 

Taiu.k II. 

LIST OF TIMSTKKS t)F TIIK STATE INSTriTTIONS. 

'{Except the penitentiaries, reformatory and universities), with 
the duration of their terms of service, respectively. 



Name. 



Address. 



Term 

Expires. 



Xorthern Ilos/jital/or tlie Insane. 



Charles W. Marsh. 
Lutht-r li. Hiatt.... 
David F. Barolav .. 



Eastefn Hospital/or the Insane. 



John L Donovan. 
Walter W.Todd .. 
Ezra B. McCa{,'g . 



Central Hospital for the Insane. 



Edward P. Kirby. 
David E. B.-aty... 
W. K. Newton .... 



Southern Hospital for the Insane. 



William H. Boicourt. 

James Bottom 

Mar=ihall Gulp 



Asylum for Insane Criminals. 



James A. Rose 

John J. Brown 

Joseph B. Messick., 



Institutio)!, for the Deaf and Dumb. 



J. G. Manahan 

Melvin A. Cushing 
Stephen R. Capp.s. 



DeKalb .. 
Wh<'aton 
Elcin .... 



Manh.ls'.ia 
•■ 1895 
' ' 18'J7 



Watseka Mareh.lsi;! 

Kankakee | " 18<)5 

Chicatjo I " 1897 



Jacksonville March.l89JJ 

Jerseyville " 1895 

Yorkville " 1897 



Institution for the Blind. 



Arciiibald C. Wa sworth. 

N. W. Branson 

Benjamin F. Funk 



.1 stjlum fur Feeble-Blinded Children. 



«,'. i;. (iiitinus 

Aaron B. Nicholson. 
Bcnsuji Wooil 



Soldier.^' Ori)h<ins' Home. 



Ed. Harlan 

Dunean M. Funk . 
James E. Morrow 



Eye and Ear Infirmarj/. 



William H. Fitch, M. D. 

Danii'l (ioodwin, Jr 

Arthir E. Priiic.% M. D 



Soldiers' a7id Sailor.'t' Home. 



Thomas W. Miv.-fall 

L. T. Di.'kason 

James I. NflT 



Sferlint: 

Minonk 

Jacksonville. 



Jacksonville.. 
Petersburg... 
Bloomiuuton. 



Terro Haute 

Lincoln 

Efllngham... 



Marshall 

Bloominffton. 
Pontiac 



Rockford... 

Chicagi) 

Springlleld 



Quinoy... 
Danville . 
Free|)Orr., 



Golconda Mar'b.l893 

Sparta "• 1895 

Anna " 1897 



Golconda March.1893 

Vandalia 1 •' 1895 

EastStLouis " 1897 



March.1893 
•■ 1S95 
• * 1S»7 



Mareh.ls93 
'• 1895 
' • 1897 



Mar eh. 1893 

• 1895 

' ' 1897 



March,1893 
• ' is;»5 
' • 181)7 



March.lSitS 
• ' 1895 
• • 1897 



March, 1893 
• • 1895 
' • 1897 



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235 



Table IV. — Showing amounts collected from each county in the 
state hy seven state institutions, between the hrst day of 
July. 1890, and the 30th day of June, 1891. 



Counties. 


North'rn 
Insane 
Hospital 


Eastern 
Insane 
Hospital 


Central 
Insane 
Hospital 


South'rn 
Insane 
Hospital 


Institu'n 
for the 

Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Institu'n 
for the 
Blind. 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded. 


Total. 


Adams 




8105 17 


«638 21 




S186 07 


SU 91 


S15 78 


S958 04 










Bond 








$204 77 


20 67 
10 75 


17 49 

. 25 56 


3 48 


246 61 




395 67 






132 38 






83 32 






83 32 






374 31 






13 60 




387 91 


Calhoun 














Carroll 


143 94 


20 60 












164 54 




119 21 




11 39 

45 56 

17 05 
8 85 




16 94 
35 91 

73 95 


147 54 






429 50 






510 97 


Christian 




167 63 




41 22 


299 85 


Clark 




79 44 




88 29 


Clay 














Clinton 








141 46 


37 76 
16 10 

1,751 63 




56 02 
91 19 

1.484 09 


235 24 


Coles 




119 11 

5,963 93 
175 23 




1 25 

780 91 
48 30 


227 65 


Cook 




68 73 






10,049 29 


Crawford ..... . 






223 53 


Cumberland .... 














DeKalb 


151 80 


34 19 

257 74 

272 96 






31 24 
30 10 

59 30 


a9 18 
17 32 

25 11 


32 08 

32 40 

11 80 
20 87 
11 -23 
22 31 
9 40 

55 19 


288 49 


DeWitt 






337 56 


Douglas 






2 00 


871 17 


DuPage 


9J 56 




88 43 


Edgar 


66 98 








17 24 


95 45 


Edwards 






43 00 

25 




65 31 


Effingham 




261 41 




30 72 




301 78 


Fayette 








55 19 


Ford 
















Franklin 




44 
14 05 
37 00 

64 91 
167 81 












44 


Fulton 


370 70 




141 94 


69 


86 59 


613 97 


Gallatin 






37 00 


Greene 




207 2*2 




85 20 




38 75 


396 08 


Grundy 








167 81 


Hamilton 






138 40 




5 33 
67 32 


5846 


143 73 


Hancock 




13 00 

14 06 


300 34 


39 26 


478 37 


Hardin 






14 06 


Henderson 




101 25 








20 25 
15 15 
77 02 
66 21 


121 50 


Henry 


548 72 


12 68 
498 67 

59 37 
232 25 

41 86 




25 96 

54 27 

120 54 

141 51 




602 50 


Iroquois 








639 96 


Jackson 




482 65 


26 70 
38 41 


755 47 


Jasper 






412 17 


Jefferson 






179 16 




221 02 


Jersey 




66 63 


15 62 
29 31 


25 61 


55 74 
90 85 


163 60 


JoDaviess 


244 15 






364 31 


Johnson 


70 63 
25 05 

291 47 








70 63 


Kane 


365 66 






81 06 

71 21 

11 50 

12 15 
6 35 

269 96 

56 79 




40 38 

9 28 


512 15 


Kankakee 








371 96 


Kendall 


122 40 

■""il4"75 
29 49 




17 27 




151 17 


Knox 


47 60 

1 93 

828 86 


368 76 




68 78 
34 61 
43 77 


497 29 


Lake 






157 44 


LaSalle 






6 67 

29 61 
39 05 

7 00 


1,178 75 


Lawrence 






86 30 


Lee 


204 33 


26 34 

615 74 

7 90 

298 02 

87 18 






8 46 


278 18 


Livingston 






15 38 
51 28 

42 82 

42 33 
105 14 

22 75 
42 52 
91 52 


638 12 


Logan 


301 02 
27 56 

191 21 
513 24 




125 61 

99 66 

15 61 
136 05 
106 00 
15 43 
40 68 


485 71 


Macon 








468 06 


Macoupin 






45 26 


381 59 


Madison 




3 45 
161 66 


757 88 


Marion 








290 41 


Marshall 




125 01 


25 78 
395 40 




208 74 


Mason 








527 C» 



-JIM] 



Table /F.— Concluded. 



COUNTIEB. 


North'rn 
Insane 
Hospital 


Kastern 

Insane 

Hospital 


Central 
Insane 
Hospital 


South'rn 
Insane 
Hospital 


Institu'n 
for the 

Deaf and 
Dumb. 


In.stitu'n 
for the 
Blind. 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded. 


To-al. 


Massac 








8130 98 






885 30 
18 87 
2».*R« 
152 34 
120 07 

22 62 

9 95 

16 64 

57 99 


8166 28 






8502 09 


8456 07 


8492 24 




1,469 27 




$108 58 






131 97 




2'<9 91 
39 08 






76 05 
52 11 

77 13 
226 20 

21 25 
196 34 


S64 73 


583 03 






172 18 
142 44 




383 44 


Mercer 








242 19 






J 46 .58 
38 03 
65 15 

171 70 






382 73 


Montgomery ... 




193 70 
200 76 






27> 62 




133 31 


(53 55 


Moultrie 




2 90 


174 60 


Oele 


215 56 




55 40 
47 83 
13 45 
13 54 
294 55 




30 36 

21 17 

6 27 


301 :<2 


Peoria 




280 25 






349 25 


Perry 








21 95 


41 67 


Piatt 




170 05 
10 58 


24 53 

450 78 




208 13 


Pike 






^ 63 41 
12 51 


819 3 2 


Pope 








12 51 


Pulaski 


1 


. 












84 42 
149 67 









7 45 





91 87 








463 45 


23 79 


87 53 


724 44 


Richland 










Rook Island.. .. 


743 93 


283 39 


245 66 




317 70 




13 86 


1.601 54 


Saline 








Sanijiimou 




45 87 


501 00 
54 90 
146 25 




129 01 

23 97 


37 99 


47 79 
57 99 
11 33 

73 52 
41 07 
60 35 
95 14 
93 73 

40 66 
81 42 
7 92 
19 82 
45 59 

24 53 


761 66 


Sehuylor 






136 86 


Seott 




10 
180 06 






157 68 


Shelby 




15 




20 60 


274 33 


Stark 




86 60 




127 (!7 


St. Clair 






684 49 


102 22 
21 00 
51 30 

31 64 
63 57 


54 61 
47 02 


im 67 


Ste|)henson 


119 04 






282 20 


Tazewell 




274 70 




419 73 


Union. .. . 




18 02 

659 04 

18 00 




98 10 
17 12 


188 42 


Vermilion 






11 57 
125 25 


832 72 


Wabash 






151 17 


Warren 




209 79 






•'•»9 61 


W'ashinnton 




164 57 


292 40 

251 80 
193 65 


107 78 

60 10 
27 60 
19 6(1 
63 30 


26 51 

26 10 

79 78 

1 00 

(;:• 62 

22 25 


("«36 85 


Wayne ... 




362 53 


White 




70 27 

28 (M 

1,0(19 (15 

88 84 

14 19 
196 84 




371 30 


Whiteside 


108 67 
8 93 




27 98 
17 31 
32 91 

31 42 
14 24 


185 89 


Will 






1.2'28 21 


Williamson 






144 00 


Winn^baeo 


262 31 






49 13 
39 99 


357 05 


WooJford 


12 65 






2(i3 72 












Tofa' counties 
Individual ac- 
counts 


S3, 723 (i2 
2, H» '.I!) 


S16.246 54 
4,9tti 18 


87,329 74 

2.5'.t4 80 


5:3,530 71 
2,548 7.J 


86,. 535 24 
2.:«1 ,52 


82,059 78 
2(i7 63 


84.742 78 
2.947 20 


841,168 41 
17.777 11 


Totals 


86.8()4 til 


821,192 72 


S9,924 54 


86.079 41 


88.866 76 


S2,;)27 41 


87.690 04 


861.945 .52 



237 



Table V. — Showing amounts collected from each county in the 
state by eight state institutions, between the 1st day ofJulr, 
l<i91, and the SOth day of June, 1892. 



Counties. 


as 

: 5&- 

: K? 
: o 3 
. ai ^ 


: aS 

• 


■ 2.3 

: 'B.B 
■ ' 1 


• sS- 

: W? 
: OP 

• '" 1— 1 
: 2.3 


"gi 

■ a>B 

: Bo 

• 1 <s 


Institution 
for the Deaf 
and Dumb . 


1— 1 

o| 

Wo" 

13 


A.sylum for 
Feeble- 
Mind ed 


>-3 
C 


A.dani« 




S55 87 


8618 71 






8225 22 


$24 12 


S69 44 


$993 35 


Alexander 




8409 45 
191 69 




409 45 


Bond '.... 












4 06 


28 23 


223 98 


Boone 


?113 02 








10 70 
14 29 

19 55 


123 72 


Brown . ... 




110 63 
241 28 








15 85 
1 


139 77 


Bureau 




196 54 






39 7; 


497 14 


Calhoun 












Carroll 


i43 56 

1 


18 63 








:::::::::i;:::::;:: 




162 19 


Cass 


51 02 






13 47 
37 86 

35 50 
19 97 




26 95 
42 23 

j 96 74 


91 44 


Champaign... 




698 28 








778 37 


245 67 






35 86 


413 77 


Clark 






1 00 




20 97 


Clay 








:;:::;:::i::::::::: 




Clinton 








203 83 




73 37 
91 31 

2, 103 92 
65 63 


4 00 

29 45 

998 36 

28 26 

73 60 

8 44 

18 24 

36 22 


44 01 

82 89 

487 93 
27 25 

■■■■43"9i 

18 30 

11 75 
41 15 


325 21 


Coles 




580 83 

7,815 86 
41 54 

247 19 
14 72 

223 53 

205 59 




784 48 


Cook 


1,089 87 








13,216 04 
162 68 


Crawford . . . 








Cumberland.. 


■■■■226" 73 




399 81 




7-'0 60 


DeKalb 






40 30 
64 15 

76 55 


328 10 


DeWitt . 


98 25 






422 47 


Douglas .. . 








330 11 


DuPage 


160 08 








201 23 


Edgar 


216 61 








22 11 


48 67 


287 39 


E^l wards 






25 67 
59 79 

316 02 




6 74 

24 76 

37 98 


32 41 


Effingham .. .. 




69 14 






32 83 




186 52 


f ayette 








354 00 


Pord 












79 28 


79 28 


Franklin.. .. 








3 20 




80 00 
78 52 




83 20 


Fulton 




25 29 


440 49 


14 35 


, 47 81 


606 46 


Gallatin 




198 91 




198 91 


G-reene 




30 81 
180 11 


89 77 


$0 69 


22 18 


14 45 


5 55 
18 60 
14 is 
38 72 


163 45 


Grundy 






198 71 


Hamilton 






202 55 








2'6 7S 


Hancock 






282 52 




41 89 


55 18 


418 31 


Hardin 













Henderson 






99 10 
105 01 










40 80 
12 90 
53 77 
65 05 


139 90 


Henry 


195 55 


13 65 

292 92 






13 45 
33 23 
79 84 
194 40 


3 98 


344 54 


Irociuois 






379 92 


Jackson 






108 07 
63 73 






312 95 


Jasper 




59 85 




51 45 

53 00 
10 95 


369 43 


Jefferson 








53 00 


Jersey 






196 18 






7 71 
34 31 


47 39 
75 75 


262 23 


JoDaviess .... 


190 13 


13 78 






313 97 


Johnson 




50 






50 


Kane 


643 80 


2 90 
438 23 






126 76 

18 90 
29 10 
43 47 
58 19 
343 42 


28 35 


81 95 

9 71 

"■'4i'45 
53 23 

45 70 


883 76 


Kankakei' 






1 


466 84 


Kendall 


35 74 




17 54 




28 59 


110 97 


Knox 


19 68 

32 85 

1,042 11 


341 49 


445 09 


Lake 


200 53 
16 91 








344 80 


LaSalle 








6 34 


1,454 48 


Lawrence .... 










Lee 


98 01 


27 76 

545 81 

6 35 

319 20 












10 07 


135 84 


Livingston.... 








si 25 
44 99 
49 14 


33 89 


610 95 


Logan 




316 08 






186 68 

30 28 


551 10 


Macon 




1 




1 


398 62 



238 



TnJile r'.— Concluded. 



Counties. 


Hi 

: «sr 

• W-1 
: oD 


Hi. 

• (B CD 

: W3 
: o 

• ">^ 

: ^D 


ui 

: W^ 
: c 

if? 


: k5 
• z a 
'• £ i-i 
: i-D 


• -! 

: Bo 


Institution 
for the Deaf 
ami Dumb.. 


a 


>• 

PS =• 

: o 
■I 


=- 






S46 54 


SI51 54 
149 36 






S71 58 
13J 16 
83 09 
35 49 
41 89 


89 35 
26 24 


56 28 
243 33 
129 34 

36 42 
47 00 

29 59 
95 85 
3S 82 
188 02 
63 47 

11 70 
S 97 
20 42 

57 07 


$J85 29 






S246 18 
161 50 




7% 27 


Marion 






:173 93 


Marshall 




133 26 


32 ii 

129 77 




2:i7 28 












218 66 








101 29 






130 88 


McDonough.. 




6 49 


146 46 




52 78 




301 58 


McHenry 


«97 -15 








133 27 


531 36 


49 65 
129 40 

140 16 




5153 


104 60 

65 58 

16 78 


31 44 


8U0 60 








25S 45 














1^8 64 








181 30 






185 27 


Montgomery . 






i55 64 
183 63 






176 






32 80 
41 20 






189 33 


60 37 


523 20 










41 20 


Oele 


204 71 








41 78 
66 40 
80 30 
13 55 
143 21 




44 70 
17 75 
20 98 
4 60 
59 85 

22 63 


291 19 




21 83 


527 52 








(33 ".0 


Perry 




sm 85 





34 00 


47y 13 


Piatt 




162 75 


13 10 
149 29 


194 00 


Pike 










352 35 


Pono 






276 58 
249 30 






299 21 


Pulaski 




43 81 

6!) Ul 






1 


293 11 


Putnam 




8 59 






12 25 


■■■'85'98 


8!> 85 


Kandolph .... 




251 54 
333 16 




26 43 
176 93 

202 65 


aOi 95 


llichland 










510 09 


Rock Island.. 


2C5 57 


95 77 


290 08 


30 87 


14 66 


899 60 


Saline 


7 00 




7 00 


Sangamon. . . . 




28 76 


545 72 

45 30 

119 73 

2526 




99 59 
35 68 


60 20 


iei 33 

46 81 

26 45 

85 36 

27 89 
57 51 
17 19 
87 28 

47 61 
43 44 

23 09 


895 60 










127 79 


Scott 












146 18 


Shelby 




433 31 


50 17 




27 73 




596 57 


Stark 






53 15 


St. Clair 






829 95 


90 


160 64 


34 78 
38 58 


1.083 76 


Stephenson... 


213 00 






268 77 


Tazewell 




284 97 






56 67 


428 82 


Union 






205 70 
14 00 
105 53 

■■■i99"23 

283 14 






2.".3 21 


Vermilion 




627 61 






77 18 


24 82 


787 65 


Wabash 






128 62 


Warren 




19 79 


191 96 


88 



14 S5 

66 79 

56 35 
38 12 
14 05 
55 22 




226 98 


Washington .. 




26 90 

21 35 
30 73 
53 01 

36 28 


14 96 

34 08 
12 07 
36 96 
29 13 


307 88 


Wayne 








394 82 


White 




66 58 
31 57 
424 53 




147 50 


Whiteside 


281 17 
2 22 




3.% 96 


6 69 


759 41 


Will 




547 38 


Williamson. .. 




8 35 




8 35 


Winni'bago. .. 


175 42 


1 00 
158 90 




2 27 


21 81 
74 48 




9 64 
2.5 99 


210 14 


Woodford 


66 13 






32.') 50 














TMtjileoiintios 
Individual ac- 
counts 


$5,067 57 
2.295 31 


816.312 .^.0 
5,319 18 


J6,771 57 
3,380 51 


56,476 0!t 
2.599 52 


S12 96 


86.618 47 
2,663 68 


S2,2i;0 01 
224 33 


54,010 82 
3, 172 45 


547. .•.2<» W 
19, 6,19 98 


Totals 


57,362 88!S21.6:n 68 


SIO.1.^2 08 


W.075 61 


J12 96 


S9.287 15 


52,481 34 


S7.183 27 


¥<;7, ISlt 97 



239 



Table VI. — Showing balance due eight state institutions, and 
not jet collected, on the 30th day of June, 1892, from each 
county in the state. 



Counties. 


g) ps O 

^n 3- 


■ <B a> 

: rt3 

' : o 


p pj d) 

■ ""s 

: W£ 
: o 

: 'B.^ 


: ® 3" 
: n2 
: op 

: 2.P 




M 


Wo 


: o' 


o 








S282 03 






8137 63 
822 87 


S17 44 
100 68 


S32 59 

365 50 
84 


8469 69 






$208 89 


«840 07 
60 35 


$i 78 


2,342 79 
61 19 


Bond 




Boone 


1117 00 








5 20 
14 93 

31 27 

105 55 




122 20 






20 69 

124 79 
242 31 








4 10 


39 72 






7 04 
156 41 

2 25 

15 

200 49 






25 47 
115 63 


188 57 




"'ii8'2i 








619 90 






9 63 




130 09 




no 73 




13 07 
2 61 

18 50 
119 21 
343 78 

51 44 

72 41 

1,403 00 
68 53 
17 18 
Zi 16 
33 25 




5 87 
30 21 

66 19 
11 15 
65 
2 39 
59 07 

767 36 
20 19 


129 82 


Champaign.. 








27 26 

8 77 


260 57 


105 66 






199 12 


Clark. . 




440 93 
47 62 


239 12 

339 39 

54 35 


■■■i'53 
5 61 


810 41 


Clay 






49 81 
7 73 


7S2 78 


Clinton 






121 52 






29 75 

3,092 81 
103 84 
263 39 




161 23 


Cook 


4.396 61 






157 81 


607 35 
26 69 

22 
39 24 

10 

19 06 


10,424 94 






258 79 
29 45 


478 04 


Cumberland 




310 24 


DeKalb 


266 15 




19 72 
21 83 

10 
40 02 


348 27 


DeWitt 


34 77 
29 47 


8 54 






98 49 










48 63 


DuPage 

Edgar 


181 90 






58 
1 72 




222 50 


90 21 








43 75 


135 68 


Edwards 






42 35 

128 95 

207 65 






42 35 


EfQngham . . 








3 36 


16 55 

63 98 

6 97 

274 66 

49 04 
249 69 

97 62 






145 50 


■Fayette 




11 

907 42 

42 46 

6 01 

16 

68 
72 37 




30 
81 74 

20 
18 05 
59 49 

18 31 


89 02 

97 87 

41 70 

4 98 


364 42 


Eord . 




1 094 00 


Franklin 






517 83 




876 85 


Fulton 


175 61 


263 69 


Oallatin 




62 85 




362 69 


Greene 


144 23 


1 25 
15 84 

3 43 
31 59 


262 09 


Orundy 






88 21 


Hamilton , 






83 45 




106 48 
39 51 
87 21 




193 36 


Hancock 






92 10 


42 24 


205 44 






7 77 


303 21 




348 19 


Henderson .. 


29 78 
172 72 




48 
21 52 
25 25 
42 40 


30 26 


Henry 


49 75 




3 05 


3 42 


27 60 
40 99 
164 46 
108 67 


4 10 


282 16 


Iroquois 


289 70 


355 94 






137 (15 
76 05 

250 92 


5 90 

2 97 




349 81 


Jasper... . 








19 70 
2 16 


204 42 


Jefferson 




10 






256 15 


Jersey 


38 60 


8 03 
29 45 


i'j 83 
48 11 


66 46 


JoDaviess.... 


171 46 


14 73 

92 e7 
1 37 

38 34 








263 75 


Johnson 




379 88 






471 95 


Kane 


233 33 

""'iii'78 




68 

3 95 
1 92 


132 32 

24 43 
8 12 


14 91 


47 34 

2 62 


419 95 


Kankakee ... 






69 34 


Kendall 




6 10 


21 02 
39 68 


148 94 


Knox 


11 39 

3 54 
573 89 


117 92 


36 i9 
21 10 

27 72 

98 24 
8 62 


205 18 


Lake 


195 62 
12 03 






23 83 
205 14 

34 46 
04 
13 81 
22 85 
27 00 


244 09 


liaSalle 






20 10 

is 

7 09 


13 31 

22 57 


852 19 


Lawrence.. ., 




326 78 


482 05 


Lee 


265 30 


1 93 
213 18 




276 07 


Livingston .. 






64 70 


298 78 


Logan 


80 45 




7 95 
36 99 


111 25 


Macon 




179 43 




15 23 


87 


259 52 



•JVJ 



Table 7/.— Concluded, 



Counties. 


Northern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 


Eastern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 


Central In- 
sane H98PI- 

tal ;..... 


Southi-rn In- 
Riino Hospi- 
tal 


\ 1'? 


Institution 
for thii Doaf 
and Dumb... 


S3- 
0. 


> 


1 









8176 47 




80 53 
4 5<i 
1 94 


8193 07 
42 06 
73 62 
28 59 
16 56 


823 46 
22 23 


$16 03 
4 51 
72 33 
33 88 
29 62 

3C36 

27 71 

8(1 

13 07 

577 

9 86 


t409 56 






54 60 


2.55 11 








202 49 


Marshall 




S17 25 


37 33 
73 44 




112 05 








20 17 


l»t 79 








33 85 




6<i 21 


McDouoush.. 






284 26 




54 49 




366 76 


McHenry 

McLoiiu 


S20 93 










21 73 


136 75 


8 37 
44 13 

58 62 




5 56 


52 is 
18 71 

13 05 
57 75 
34 80 
161 40 


26 89 


236 7t 




68 61 
















81 53 




206 00 






263 75 


Montgomery 




.......... 

10 00 

25 

28 18 


i-6 68 
91 98 




i3 41 

4167 


240 89 








3i 64 
10 


326 94 


Moultrie 






2 04 
35 


30 32 


Ogle, 


78 09 




28 87 
64 09 

29 73 
36 98 

300 19 


19 45 

41 47 

36 

4 ai 

35 20 



126 76 




260 73 






366 29 


Perry 






47 45 




18 19 


95 73 


Piatt 




85 81 




127 13 


Pike 




283 10 








618 49 


Pope ... 






39 50 
206 76 






39 50 








7 66 








214 42 






15 


8 31 




18 74 


■ "ii'si 
. 14 73 

14 85 


27 20 






ii7 80 
84 77 

■■■ ■698*23 


1 93 

7 60 
44 


5 65 

65 89 

122 86 

151 10 

58 13 

22 67 


139 S9 










W> 39 


Rock Island.. 
Baline 


57 38 


1 82 


144 08 


38 80 
16 19 
31 65 


387 48 
8<i5 52 


Sansamon.... 




8 78 


2i8 oi 
17 21 
55 01 


134 41 
34 08 


351 42 




73 96 


Scott 












55 01 


Bhelby 




2J78 


16 85 


225 


59 60 


19 57 


30 22 

15 31 
6 15 

53 16 
61 12 

36 94 
32 62 

37 26 
01 

4 70 

18 75 

24 74 

19 48 

25 62 
197 52 

5 47 

16 05 


151 27 


Stark 


9 63 


24 94 


8t Clair 




343 20 


149 


77 86 
26 10 
19 98 

201 57 

16 93 
35 10 
13 53 
54 49 

35 14 
15 77 

■■■■25"23 
477 40 

17 10 

48 46 


4i 65 
30 12 


470 35 


Stephi.nson . 


325 90 


32 70 




467 98 


89 46 




SO 

1 01 

2 57 

"Vi'i 

8 67 
17 23 

579 


161 36 


Union 






545 09 
17 60 
33 65 


26 69 

21 73 

20 


810 30 






113 34 




204 79 


Wabash 




106 21 


Wan on 




103 17 


121 22 


Wa- liington.. 




103 70 

108 20 
388 59 


30 76 

9 91 
42 

8 68 
19 52 
49 91 


193 65 


Wavne 






172 00 


White 




12 68 

1 26 

449 24 

5 81 




443 97 


Whitf'side,... 


409 24 
4 07 

22S31 




147 :« 


Will 




r.to 91 






730 60 


1.461 24 


Winnebago.. 




256 67 




50 96 






115 47 




1 










Total counti's 
Individual ac- 
counts 


S7.243 (M; 
1,619 51 


88.097 47 
6.039 00 


8J,937 11 
1.009 01 


88.305 33 
2.219 29 


8327 77 


$7,851 12 
1.497 40 


»1.985 60 
604 9<» 


83.367 36 
4,:?96 20 


$41,117 82 
17.415 43 


Totals 


S8,862 57 


S14.136 47 


81.916 15 


810,654 62 


8327 77 


89.351 52 


S2.5tW 59 


87,763 56 


858,533 25 



—16 P. C. 



242 



Tahi.e VW.— Consolidated finawial statement {all funds 

tions, classified, tor 







Hospitals fob the 


Insane. 




Northern. 


Eastern. 


Central . 


Southern. 


Criminal 


AFPKOPRIATIO>fS. 

Dr. 
Appropr'ns 1889, undrawn July 1, 1890. 

Cr. 

Appropr'ns drawn during the year. .. 
Appropr'ns umlrawn June 30, 1891 — 


?220,971 23 

208,864 70 
12,116 53 


8258,097 47 

254,572 01 
3,625 46 


8243.842 87 

205.076 67 
38,71* 30 


8206,208 22 

185.760 13 
20.448 09 


860,000 00 

23,428 10 
26,571 90 


Institutions. 

Dr. 

Cash on hand July 1, 1890 


8220,971 23 

34. 123 03 

90,000 00 

118,854 70 

14,110 38 

1,000 00 


§258,097 47 

26,2<)3 90 

236.000 00 

18,572 01 


8243,842 87 

19.034 75 
140,000 00 
65,076 67 


8206,208 22 
24,716 47 


850,000 00 


From state, ordinary 


100,000 00 
86,760 13 




From state, special 

From Burr fund 


23,428 10 




















8,142 43 


25,191 78| 13.353 26 


8,484 79 








Cr. 
Indebtedness July 1, 1891, paid 


8266,230 54 

18,711 19 

202,793 91 

10,817 79 

33,907 65 


8306,057 69 

9,412 36 
281,418 58 


8237,464 58 


6218.961 39 823.428 10 
12,900 43 


208,38:5 21 


185.680 84, 23,428 10 








15.22(; 75 


29.081 87 


20.380 12 








Financial. Condition. 

Dr. 

Indebtedness, July 1, 1890 


8266,230 54 

18,711 19 

105,427 72 

110,195 3;i 

2,207 2i; 


8306,057 69 

9.412 36 

27-', 303 2.5 

18,572 01 


8237,464 58 


8218,%! 39 
12, 900 43 


823,428 10 


Expenses, ordinary, present year — 
Expenses, special, present year 


151.716 89 
66,666 .32 


112,567 9S 
82,632 25 


■23,'428i6 









1 








, 


Cr. 


8236.541 50 

22 1,. 505 10 
15,036 40 


8300.287 62 

290.830 94 
9.456 ()8 


8208,383 21 
208, .383 21 


8208.100 66 

198.581 27 
9.619 3«t 


823,428 10 
23,428 10 


Inoetjtednos.s June 30 ISI'l 












SUBPLUS AND DBFICIT. 

J)r. 
Cash balani'C June HO IS91 


8236.541 50 

33,907 65 
1.53;{ 59 


8300,287 62 
15.22<; 75 


8208,38:5 21 

29.081 37 
5,377 86 


8208.100 66 

20.:«0 12 
10.220 65 


$23,428 10 






Dellcit Jiun' .'{0 18'.ll 

















Cr. 
Iudeb!eilness June HO, 1891 


f 35, 441 24 

15,036 40 
20,404 84 

835,441 21 


815.226 76 
9.456 68 


834,469 23 


830.600 77 

9,519 .39 
21,081 38 




Surplus jii in 'JO, 1S9I 


5.770 07 


31.469 23 






■ 






815.226 75 


8 {4, 469 23 


880.600 77 





243 



included) of the income and expenses of eleven state institu- 
the fiscal year J 891. 



Institutions foe 

THE— 


Asylum 

forFeeble- 

MinJed. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home, 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary. 


Stale 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Blind. 




SI 07, 148 29 

105,999 50 
1 148 79 


847,220 90 

45,224 86 
1 996 04 


895,929 68 
94,490 12 

1 4.<?9 5fi 


852.511 86 

52,451 04 
60 82 


829.170 27 
29,170 27 


848,372 89 
48,372 89 


8135.500 00 

133,486 87 
2,013 13 


81,494,973 68 

1.386,887 06 
108,086 62 












S1(I7,148 29 

27,642 19 

100,000 00 

5,999 50 


847,220 90 

405 70 

38,000 00 

7,224 86 


895,929 68 

7.474 61 
60,000 00 
28, 490 12 


g52.oll 86 

18.947 07 

50,000 00 

2,451 04 


329,170 27 

2,936 26 

27,000 00 

2,170 27 


848,372 89 

17.131 08 

46.000 00 

2,372 89 


8135,500 00 

11.836 80 

13M.00n 00 

3.486 87 


81,494,973 68 

190,541 86 

1,023,000 00 

363,887 06 

14,110 38 
















1.000 00 












54,379 12 
786 95 




54,379 12 


12,342 39 


5,077 73 


9,188 18 


8i2 69 




i.339 52 


84,719 72 








«145,984 08 
14,367 22 


850,708 29 
803 07 


8111.152 91 


872,210 80 


832,106 53 


8120,670 04 


8146.663 19 

79 80 
138,147 17 


81.731.638 14 
56,274 07 


111,987 13i 47,974 70 


166,454 i9 


54, 171 97 


29,786 96 


117.363 56 


1,507,540 32 
10,817 79 


19,629 73 i,930 52 


4.698 72 


18,038 83 


2.369 57 


3.306 48 8.436 22 


157,005 90 


§145,984 08 
14,367 22 


850.708 29 

803 07 
41.863 13 
6.446 55 


8111,152 91 


872,210 80 

10,837 70 

53,200 11 

2,45i 04 


832.106 53 


8120.670 04 


8146.663 19 

79 80 

134.209 07 

3.944 35 


81,731.638 14 
67,111 77 


114.860 33 
6,817 11 


77,232 99 
29,221 20 


27,666 69 
2,070 27 


56,625 07 
2,372 89 


1,147,673 23 

344,817 42 

2,207 26 












58,365 60 




58,365" 60 
















8136.044 66 

126,354 35 
9,690 31 


849.112 75 

48,777 77 
334 98 


8106,454 19 
106,454 19 


866,488 85 

54,171 .^7 
12,316 88 


829.736 96 8117,363 56 
29.736 96 117.303 56 


8138.233 22 

138,226 97 
6 25 


81.620.175 28 

81,563.814 39 
56,360 89 










§136,044 66 

19,629 73 
817 61 


849.112 75 8106,454 19 

i 

1,930 52 4,698 72 
19 00 731 08 


866,488 85 
18,038 83 


829.736 96, 8117.863 56 
2,369 57 3.306 48 


8138,233 22 

8.436 22 
457 48 


81. 620. 175 28 

157,0115 96 
19, 157 27 














1 








820,447 34 
9,690 31 


81.949 52 

334 98 
1,614 54 


! 85,429 80 


! 818,038 83 

12,316 88 
5,721 95 


82.369 57 


83,306 48 


88,893 70 
6 25 


8176,163 23 
56,360 89 


10,757 03 


5,429 80 


2,369 57 3.306 48 


8,887 45 


119.802 34 


820,447 34 


81,949 52 


85.429 8( 


i 818,038 83 


82.369 57 


83,306 48 


. 88,893 70 


8176,163 23 



244 



7)thh- VII — 



HOBPITAZ.8 FOB THE InSAMB. 



Northern. Eastern. Central. Southern.iCriminal 



Expenses Classified. 
Dr. 



Attendance 

Food 

Clothiiit:. bedding, etc 

Laundry supplies 

Fuel 

Light 

Water 

Medicine and medical sniiplies 

Freight and traiisDonatiou 

Posta},'e and tuletrrapbing 

Books and stationery 

Printing and adveiti.sing 

Music and amusements 

Instruments and apiiaratus 

Household expenses 

Furniture 

Building, repairs, etc 

Tools 

Machinery, etc 

Farm, garden, stock and grounds. 

Real estate 

Legal expenses 

Insurance 

Shop expenses 

B urial expenses 

Expenses not classified 



Total 

Less receipts not from state. 



Cost to state. 



8PECIAI, Expenses Classified. 



Attendance 

Food 

Clothing, bedding, etc 

Laundry supplies 

Fuel 

Light 

Freight and transportation 

Postage and telfgraphiiig 

''■ooks and stationery 

Printing an I advertising 

Music and iimusemenls 

Iustriim<nts and apparatus 

Household i-xin.'nses 

Furniture 

Building, repairs, etc- — 

Tools 

Machinery, etc 

Farm, garden, stock and grounds. 

L<gal expenses 

SliMp expenses 

Expenses not classilled 



Total 



Avebaoes. 



Total No. of days' board furnished. 
Detl't f'rnish'd to olllcers and empl'y es 

Days" board furnished to inmates. 

Average number of inmates 

Average cost per capita (gross) 

Average cost per capita (net) 



»42, 
2<i, 



392 08 
627 52 
572 30 
672 02 
2(il 77 
317 00 



?101,259 821 

82.787 62 

23.731 37 

909 06| 

24,576 ;•! 

.•i,367 22 



,265 88 
829 08 
369 31 
354 83 
Ml 82 
501 44 
176 26 
849 30 

,333 54 

753 31 

50 99 

IZO 74 

,216 79 



50 00 



63 57 

408 08 



3,913 87 

1,758 43 

1,145 84 

763 50 

641 63 

355 25 

226 87 

2,019 06 

2,397 77 

5, 450 33 

290 89 

2.224 09 

10,823 81 



11 75 



S54,466 09 

5A.678 50 

9,010 47 

1,177 Hi 

8,832 39 1 

S,29.j 52 

1,412 81 

1,927 30 

740 27; 

421 82 

612 65| 

301 171 

447 43! 

82 78l 

609 54 i 

1,855 45 

3,«.5U 75 

107 79 

862 61 

5,719 28 



540,029 75 

40.919 49 

8,400 99 

990 82 

9.429 tW 

32.J 33 



l.!»72 93; 

707 18' 

348 93, 

179 06 

21s '22 

65 90| 

71 73 

686 70 

2,440 93 

1,193 93 

25 37; 

655 78, 

3,541 55 



5 35 
90 00 



1,086 17 
316 05| 
265 94! 



25 88 
1,079 28 



62 17! 
211 19 I 



8105,427 72 
8,142 43 



897,285 29 

6.135 14 
""■3!2i7'28 



8272,303 25' 
25.191 78 



S151.716 89 8112,567 98 
13.353 26 8,484 79, 



8247,11147 8188,363 63 8104,083 19 



668 63 
"24'66 



•2«)5 65 

939 04 

6 17 



22,038 20 
""'905'66 



23,634 76 

1 25 

1.821 95 

25 



64 20 



407 14 



689 78 



61 00 i 



7 40 



531 651 

92 75 i 

134 75] 

9, '247 <>9' 

90,8l»9 15, 

49 89; 

373 38; 

75 61! 



347 84 

25 00 

2t! 41 

2,510 06 

13,189 67 

93 90 

987 *22 

3 15 



115 55 



3,147 90 
28.935 68 



117 00 



75 



♦S112.402 59 818,572 01 



•266.012 
47.46:. 



72(;,H40 
10a,799 



218,577 623,041 

598.84 1,706.94 

8176 05 8159 53 

162 46! 144 77 



1,577 



20 45 
6. 443 50 
48.061 62 

30 68 
2,3'"0 64 

36 00 



8345 80 



23,0S2 30 



4 00 



856,666 32 882,632 25 §'23,428 10 



393, i:j:. 

59,S6(; 



271,606 
45,837 



333.269 
913.07 
816(i 16 
151 54 



225,769 
618.55 
8181 99 
168 27 



Continued. 



245 



Institutions for 

THE— 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
minded. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home. 


Charitable 
Eye and 

Ear 
Infirmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Blind. 




.1r62,939 64 
17.634 29 
6.500 99 
630 76 
5,344 00 
1,296 01 
1.146 57 


«20,305 13 

8,002 72 

2,008 55 

ls3 60 

1,800 75 

1,341 29 

480 95 

90 75 

1,008 75 

330 08 

486 88 

184 52 

177 25 

104 42 

187 85 

556 72 

355 62 

18 12 

170 3! 

2,502 93 

536 00 


829.957 66 

20, 177 14 

6,705 99 

772 89 

5,691 38 

879 62 

815 15 

528 05 

319 92 

395 06 

455 88 

148 42 

201 02 

272 91 

583 60 

1,058 31 

3,689 58 

97 43 

176 64 

2, 180 33 

1,080 00 

16 75 


817,774 58 

16,694 75 

6,308 15 

442 69 

4,518 48 
1,022 97 


87,719 58 

9,737 92 
61 80 
489 27 

2,178 66 
424 38 
385 80 
966 31 

1,077 35 

135 51 

381 01 

201 41 

8 00 

1 68 

183 06 

902 34 

826 61 

20 12 

287 76 

343 62 

1,306 50 


815,645 91 

19,376 16 

7, 173 84 

573 97 

3,426 83 

1,140 74 


834,761 24 

48,856 27 

19,055 58 

324 77 

8,694 64 

2,847 23 

2, 109 40 

1,7(15 13 

1,841 20 

530 25 

844 32 

481 45 

78i 78 

8 23 

566 19 

2,679 69 

5,228 59 

162 06 

321 46 

2,010 02 


8127,251 48 

346,392 38 

97,530 03 

7,166 96 

84,755 49 

20,257 37 

6,. 350 68 


285 45 

1,732 98 

623 85 

1,264 00 

433 71 

230 33 

165 36 

514 74 

1,924 23 

4,313 29 

79 67 

990 08 

5,898 16 


75 90 

412 20 
220 49 
376 83 
127 92 
409 07 

1 75 

413 27 
93; l>3 

2,453 08 

12 30 

355 74 

581 21 


260 61 

2,880 .50 

179 42 

377 71 

125 11 

383 43 

3 35 

635 62 

1,469 91 

1.467 86 

9 20 

41 98 

1.153 77 

10 00 

5 00 


12,992 18 

13,307 86 

4.700 59 

6,096 67 

3,200 38 

3,544 90 

1,115 34 

7.248 93 

19,550 92 

28,782 95 

873 94 

6,207 19 

39,971 47 

2,932 50 


70 00 


6 25 


165 10 








113 50 
214 10 

67 97 


203 50 


830 22 


980 21 

27 00 
22 73 


767 51 

261 00 

75 






210 69 
73 46 


4, 178 35 




48 09 
12 45 


28 00 


2,371 01 


12 00 


525 06 












8114,860 33 
12,342 39 


841,863 13 
5.077 73 


S77.2.32 99 
9,188 18 


853,201) 11 
812 69 


827,666 69 


856,625 07 
786 95 


813t,2(l9 07 
1.339 52 


81,147.673 23 
84.719 72 








«102,517 94 

482 63 


S36,785 40 
1,189 48 


868,044 81 
332 25 


852.387 42 
472 42 


827.666 69 
215 66 


855 838 12 
523 75 


8132. S69 55 
552 84 


81,062,953 51 

56,245 76 
1 25 






305 53 




41 14 






6,316 16 












25 
















265 65 
















944 04 


128 03 






12 10 






25 65 


581 95 


11 08 


21 

329 61 

12 00 

2 42 








11 29 


500 00 


197 55 


451 35 


100 00 


274 70 


396 40 
103 60 


3,414 93 
115 60 












997 46 


6 00 












122 75 
















181 61 


202 87 


235 50 

4,487 43 

30 10 

59 75 

5 (15 

95 00 


1,544 a5 
26,009 36 


45 00 

1.300 02 

3 50 

166 65 


397 90 

1,197 52 

30 

117 75 


98 19 
888 51 




23,873 26 


5,414 05 
3 45 


2,511 55 

1 51 

337 43 

15 37 


245,886 86 
213 33 




832 16 


287 74 
300 00 


7,130 60 


70 00 


505 18 










95 00 










58,365 60 




58, 483 35 














4 00 










] 






S6,817 11 

163,626 
28,247 


$6,446 55 

61,685 
12.007 


S29,221 20 

183,640 
32,609 


82,451 04 

159,778 
14.232 


82,070 27 

54,272 
6,685 


§860,738 49 

153,292 
13.597 


83,944 aj 

327,620 
5,753 


8405,390 28 

2,761,536 
370,097 


135,379 
370.95 
8309 64 
276 37 


49,678 
136.10 
8307 59 
270 28 


151,031 
413.78 
«186 65 
164 45 


145,546 
393.76 
8133 41 
131 38 


47,587 
130.38 
8212 20 
212 20 


139,695 
382.73 
8147 95 
145 89 


321,867 
881.83 
8152 19 
150 67 


2,391,439 
6,551.93 
8175 17 
162 24 



246 



Table VIL— 





Hospitals fob the Insane. 




Northern. 


Ea tern. 


Central. | Southern. Criminal 

1 i 


Movement of the Popt'LATtoN. 
Inmates. 

Present at boKiiininK of vear 


522 
427 
38 


1,C87 

443 

64 


912 
227 
51 


(i27 
13 1 
28 








Former inutiites readmitted 






17 














Total for year 


987 

83 
38 

434 
432 


2,194 1 1.1 !K) ! 8im; 




Discharged or abseut 


304 
105 

1,069 
656 


179 i:i". 




Died 


72 
470 


42 

3i;c 




Present at end of year- 
Males 




Femali's 










Total for year 


!)87 


2,194 1 MitO 


806 













* Includes Burr fund. 



Concluded. 



24'; 



Institutions for 

THE— 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded. 


Soldiers' 
Orphans' 


Charitable 

Eye and 

Ear 
Infirmary. 


State 
Reform 
School. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 


Total. 


Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Blind. 


Home. 






1 
58 
21 
137 


391 
42 
62 


320 

94 

4 

123 


137 

758 
111 


382 
147 


786 

323 

32 

349 


5.765 


7.S 

3 

443 


2,726 

414 

1 , 069 












' 


519 
+519 


217 

+214 

1 

1 


495 

63 
19 

990 


541 

+261 

2 

163 
115 


1,0U6 

817 
1 

91 
67 


529 

147 

2 

380 


1,490 

(96 
51 

743 


9,974 

3,508 
33;i 




3,946 




1 i 184 


2,187 










519 ■ 217 j 495 


.541 


1,006 


529 j 1,490 


9,974 



+ Vacation. 



X Includes shoe factory. 



248 

Taiu.k VIII. — Coiisoiidiitt'd iimmcinl statement {hII funds in- 

chissitifuJ, for the 



Hospitals fob the Insanb. 



Northern. Eastern. Central, i Southern. iCriminal 



Appbopriations. 

Dr. 

Appropr'ns 1889. undrawn July 1,1891. 
Appropria' ions I9.n 

6V. 

Appropriations drawn during year. .. 

Appropriations 1889, lapsed 

Appropriations undrawn June 30, 1892 

Institutions. 

Dr. 

Cashonhand July 1,1891 

From state, ordinary 

From state, special 

From Burr fund 

From other sources 



SI2,1I6 53 g3.52. 46 838.760 30 820,448 09 326,57190 
:il5.18100 757.169 00 .3^6.200 00; 278.1H2 00 .V2,20U 00 



5357.300 5:3 ^760.694 46| §394,966 30 8298.630 09 S78, 771 90 



197.104 23 396.418 19 189.674 88! 153.201 32' 44.315 92 

42121 2.094 4S 1.518 55| 

159,775 09 364,276 27 203.196 94 143,880 22 34.455 98 



Cr. 

Tndi'btcdness July 1. 1891. paid. 
Expenses prt.'scnt year. paid... 
Cash on hand 



Financial Condition. 
Dr. 



Indebtedness July 1. 1891 

Expenses, ordinary, present year. 
Expenses, special, present year. .. 
Expense.s, Burr lumi 



Cr. 



Expenpcs paid as above.... 
Indebtedness June 30, 1892. 



SuBPLus AND Deficit. 
Dr. 



Cash balance Juno 30, 1892 

Gash estimates in state treasury 
Deficit June 30.1892 



Cr. 

Indebtedness June 30, 1892. . 
Surplus Juno 30. 1892 



$357,300 53 S760.694 46 8394,966 30 S-2tt8.630 09878.771 90 



33.907 65 15.226 75' 29.081 37 20.380 12' 

12y,642 84 241.00(1 00 110.303 00 115.971 30 10,644 02 

67,461 3» 155.418 19 49,371 38 37.230 02 27.671 90 
0.844 50 



9.210 58 



!2, 657 69 



8247,066 96 8431,302 63 



15,036 40 9,456 68 
190,437 62 419.573 16 
35.592 94' 5.272 79 



8247.066 90 Sl31,302 03 



15.036 40 9,456 68 

143,778 84! 275,134 81 

70.523 99' 155,418 19 

1.549 95 



8230.889 18 8440,009 71 



13,17101 12,015 64 



87 20 



8231,927 26; 8185,597 08 814.403 18 



9 519 39' 

223,"369'92 1.53! 410 06 '44,09607 
8,617 31 22,667 03 313 11 



8231.927 26 8185.597 08 844.403 18 



178,703 20 
50.066 72 



9 519 39 
1.33! 663 7o'"ir..'4i8"i7 
28.603 32 27,671 90 



228.769 92 8171.780 41514,090 07 



211.47402' 429.029 81 223.309 92 162.!»29 45 44.990 07 
19.415 16 10,979 87 5,460 00 8,856 IKJ 



8230.889 18 $440,009 71 8228,769 92 8171,786 41 844,090 07 



35.592 94 
3.914 19 



5,272 79 



5.707 08 



8;}9..507 13, 810.979 87 



19.415 10 
20.091 97 1 



10.979 87 



8.617 34 
6.072 70 



814,690 01 



5.400 00 
9.230 01 



22.607 (3 
1.593 95' 



313 11 



824.261 58 8813 II 



8, 856 90 
15,404 62 



313 11 



839,607 13 810.979 87i 814,690 041 824.261 58| 8813 11 



249 



eluded) of the income and expenses ot eleven state institutions, 
£scal year 1892. 



Institutions 

FOB THE 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded, 
Lincoln. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home, 

Normal. 


Charitable 
Eye and 


Soldiers' 
and 




Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Blind. 


Ear In- 
firmary, 
Chicago. 


Sailors' 
Home. 
Quincy. 


Total. 


81.148 79 
218,100 00 


$1,996 04 
112,540 00 


$1,439 56 
196,400 00 


860 82 
117,350 00 


"'■■$58,'556"66 


$2,013 13 
343,300 00 


8108,086 62 
2,835,175 00 


8219,248 79 
112,983 47 


8114,536 04 

70,242 36 

466 59 

43.827 09 


8197,839 56 

115,942 44 

5 14 

81,891 98 


$117,410 82 
60,914 56 


$58,550 00 
27.635 22 


8345,313 13 
191,277 67 


$2,943,261 62 

1,559,710 26 
4,535 97 


106,265 .32 


56,496 26 


30,914 78 


154,035 46 


1,379,015 39 


8219,248 79 

19,629 73 
42,000 00 
20,983 47 


$114,536 04 

1,930 52 
40,000 OU 
30,212 36 


$197,839 56 

4,698 72 

78, 194 29 

37,748 15 




$117,410 82 

18,038 83 
50,000 00 
10.914 56 


858,550 00 

2,369 57 

26,000 00 

1,635 22 


$345,313 13 

8.436 22 

145,000 00 

46,277 67 


$2,943,261 62 

153,699 48 

1,074,755 45 

484,954 81 

6,844 50 


is, 926 56 6,495 00 8,802 24 


259 07 




2,835 16 


89 460 21 








8146, 539 76 
9,690 31 


878,667 88 

334 98 

77,500 02 

832 88 


$li9,443 40 


979,212 46 
12,316 88 


$30,004 79 


$202,549 05 81.809,714 45 

1 
6 2.5' 56 360 89 


130,414 23 
6,435 22 


126,551 62 
2,891 78 


64,759 10 
2, 136 48 


26.686 46 
3.318 33 


184,129 02 
18.413 78 


1,646,861 28 
106,492 28 


S146,539 76 
9,690 31 


878,667 88 
334 98 


$129,443 40 


$79,212 46 

12,316 88 
53.844 54 
10,914 56 


$30,004 79 


8202.549 05 

6 25 

136,301 85 

47,855 65 


$1,809,714 45 
56,360 89 


121,470 12 
20,625 22 


47,631 51 
30,223 36 


89,534 55 
37,017 07 


25,051 24 
1,635 22 


1,221,532 56 

480,555 20 

1,549 95 




1 










8151,785 65 

140,104 54 
11,682 11 


$78,189 85 

77,835 00 
354 85 


$126,551 02 
126.551 62 


$77,075 98 
77,075 98 


$26,686 46 
26,686 46 


$184,163 75 

184,133 27 
28 48 


$1,759,998 60 

1,70.3,222 17 
56,776 43 













8151,785 65 

6,435 22 
459 36 


$78,189 85 
832 88 


$126,551 62 
2.891 78 


$77,075 98 
2,136 48 


$26,686 46 
3,318 33 


$184,163 75 

18,813 78 
2,035 46 


$1,759,998 60 

$106,492 28 
14,075 66 


4,786 53 













10,493 61 




1 






811,681 11 
11,681 11 


$832 88 

354 85 

478 03 


82.891 78 $2,136 48 


83,318 33 


820,449 24 8131,06155 
28 48 56.776 43 




2 SPi 78 2 136 is 




3,318 ,33 


20 J 20 7fi 7i 9KS 12 








$11,681 11 


$832 88 


82,891 78 


$2,136 48 


83,318 33 


820,449 24 


8131,061 55 



250 



Tnble VII I — 



Hospitals Fon the Insane. 



Northern. Eastern, i Centra!. Southern. Criminal 



OBDI^■AEY Expenses Classified. 



AtKindance 

Food 

Clothing, bedding, »'tc 

Laundry Bupplios 

Fuel 

Light 

Wat.r 

Medioino anil medical supplies — 

Freifrlit and transportation 

PoPtagL- and texigraphing 

Books and stationery 

Printing and advertising 

Music and amusements 

Inst ruments and apparatus, 

Household expenses 

Furniture 

Building, repairs, etc 

Tools 

Machinery, etc 

Farm, garden, stock and grounds. 

Real estate 

Legal expenses 

Insurance 

Shop expenses 

Burial expenses 

Expenses not classified 



Total 

Less I ecidpts not from state 



Cost to state 



Special Expenses Classified. 



Attendance 

Food 

Clothing, beddiug, etc 

I auudry supplies 

Fuel 

Light 

Medicine and medical supplies 

Freight and transportation 

Postage and telegraphing 

Books and stationery 

Print ing and advertising 

Music and amusements 

Instruments and appaialus 

Household expenses 

Furniluie 

Building, repairs, etc 

Tools 

Miichinery. etc ' 

Farm, garden, stock and grounds 

Real estate 

Insurance 

Shop expenses 

Expense** not classilled 



Total 



AVKRAUEH. 



Total No. of days' board furnished.. . 
Ded'tfi nisliM to ollicersand enii)loy's 

Days' boat il fiuni.slii^d to inmates . 

Average number of inmates 

Average cost per oapiin. (gross).., . 
Average cost per capita, (net) 



?5f..925 33 
3t;..".!l8 58 
12.353 18 

],270 12 
14.0G!» t;s 

1,030 31 



S110.27fi 52 

76. 37(1 31 

17,<32 2(j 

813 tS 

26,7:i3 85 

7.402 28 



2,n(; i'.i 

1,1!U II 
475 -1(1 
354 (M 
308 12 

5% k; 

248 67 

1,1 '72 fiC 

4.3'."2 01) 

2,31!» 19 

81 5(; 

672 07 

6,4% 71 

100 35 

28 00 

75 00 

63 46 

337 29 



3.404 31 

1,871 55 

947 06 

686 SO 

401 02 

505 511 

189 41 

2.261 06 

2.6.50 19 

6,391 76 

573 42 

2,915 67 

11,199 81 



12 75 
240 00 
611 16 
3.S7 21 
681 25 



863.336 63 

(;6,8.53 35 

13,222 94 

1.2.W 51 

9, .397 34 

3.935 01 

1,307 38 

2,131 '.•7 

1,2.^^.8 70 

471 06 

581 68 

l(il tMI 

660 75 

54 00 

743 19 

3,150 72 

3.690 63 

60 15 

1,043 •'2 

4,434 12 



8.5(»,.")8:{ 02 S7.'230 33 
44,408 72 3.i'91 95 
9, 6" 15 l.{ k:'J 32 



200 00 

34 53 

724 52 



l,5;J4 82, 

13.913 43 

345 06 

2.676 .^3: 

610 26, 

:>(W 98; 

339 72 

i;« OU 

212 96i 

66 68 1 

1,167 ;?9 

2.587 94 1 

l.IHIl 711 

204 45 

734 29 

1,565 68; 



114 08 
155 21 
30 12 

■"•278 08 

1,022 23 

44 65 

179 69 

134 30 

17 09 

24 97 

167 42 

1.145 54 

786 99 

21 25 

136 57 

903 48 



90 00 
193 78: 



l.'iS 701 
279 15 I 



3ii 00 
74 30 



*1I3,778 84 S275.131 84 SI78.703 20 
9.210 58 22,657 691 13.17101 



8133,663 70 816,418 17 
12.015 64 87 26 



8134,. 568 :i6 8252.477 15 8165,532 19 81-21.618 ('6 816.330 91 



8,484 .S9! 

12 50 

1,381 68i 



4,. 520 41 



247 95 

14 251 



45 
124 40 



13 31 



397 79^ 

2:17 a5| 

330 16 i 



1,193 76 



377 75 



11 07 

2,4:U 71 

52,9(;3 46 

123 57 

4,466 23 

955 02 



43 66 
2,762 23 

l.S7,2!tl! 06 

137 01 

6,692 97 

44 60 



10,014 03 

■"i,'i8i"32 



15 60 



981 50 
■2,'76i'66 



2.000 00 



872.073 91 8165.418 19 



392. S77 
61.480 



733.724 
110.4.33 



331.397 I 623.291 

905.461 1.702.98 

81.58 79| 8161 .56 

148 621 148 26 



66 42 

6.000 65 

21.871 40 



6. 149 80 
185 00 



5.568 15| 253 97 



1.481 16 
7 84 



25 54 
ii I'lO 



463 14 



1.066 78 

27 19 

1 2 00 

1.856 20 

15.656 Oft 

160 ,57 

1,40!» 30 

72tt 40 



737 67 
30 00 



51 54 
15 50 



102 15 
80 16 
43 80 



64 24 

3.. 520 11 

2J.0I9 45 

2 50 

40« t>0 

317 35 



3 46 



850,066 72 828.603 32 827,671 90 



461.886 
66.988 



as 1.675 

58.07.S 



394.898 
1.078.96 
8165 62 
153 42 



2;i. 415 
4,686 



293.. 597 18.729 

802.18 .51.17 

8166 63 8:ttii 86 

151 (V) 319 10 



Continued . 



251 



Institutions 

FOK THE 



Deaf and 
Dumb. 



BUnd. 



Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded, 
Lincoln. 



Soldiers' 

Orphans' 

Home, 

N ormal. 



Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
lirmary, 
Chicago. 



Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home, 
Quincy. 



Total. 



S66, 151 65 

15,912 33 

7,334 14 

704 4y 
7.620 35 
1,437 58 
1,159 51 

240 00 
2,420 25 

657 65 

1,300 79 

50 45 

141 05 
74 89 

7S8 71 
1,460 98 
5,331 89 

114 32 
2,154 61 
5,515 77 




2,538,059 
6,934.5» 
S176 15 
16J 2& 



252 



Table VlII — 







Hospitals fob the 


Insane. 






Northern. 


Eastern. 


Central. 


Southern. 


Criminal 


Movement of the Population. 

Inmates. 

Prosent at bociiining of year 


866 
453 
31 


1,725 

470 

96 


939 
559 


629 
274 
125 




Hluco adinittid.nt'W 


119 






Absentees returned 


















Total for year 


1,350 

297 
61 

511 
499 


2.291 

. 461 
120 

1.044 
666 


1.498 

2.54 
64 

611 
569 


1.028 

132 
56 

485 
35-': 


119 


Discharged or absent 


4 


Died. 


n 


Present at end of year- 
Males 


113 


Females 








Total for year 


1.350 


2,291 


1,498 


1.028 


119 







Concluded. 



253 



Institutions 

FOB THE 


Asylum 

for 
Feeble- 
Minded, 
Lincoln. 


Soldiers' 

Orphans 

Home, 

Normal. 


Charitable 
Eye and 
Ear In- 
firmary, 
Chicago. 


Soldiers' 

and 
Sailors' 
Home. 

Quiney. 




Deaf and 
Dumb. 


Blind. 


Total. 




2 
59 
12 

168 


413 
151 

68 


278 

160 

7 

152 


158 
641 
119 


743 

329 

66 

497 


5,753 

3,304 

526 

1,253 


89 

2 

436 








527 

+525 
2 


241 

+239 
1 


632 

92 
34 

271 


597 
286 


918 

782 


1,635 

803 
75 

757 


10,836 

3,857 
415 




19.", 


81 
55 


4,068 
2 496 




1 


235 ' 116 








527 


241 


632 j 597 


918 


1.635 


10,836 



+ Vacation. 



2ri4 



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OP 

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259 



Table XII. — Duration of Terms and Vacations. 



1891. 

InsiUtKtion for the Deaf and Dumb.— Term of 1890-91 closed on Wednesday, 
June 10, 1891. Vacation of thirteen weeks and six days. Term of 1891-92 
opened on Wednesday, September 16, 1891. 

Institution for the Blind. — Term of 1890-91 closed on Tuesday, June 2, 1891. 
Vacation of fourteen weelis. Term of 1891-&2 opened on Wednesday, Sep- 
tember 9, 1891. 

Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children. — Term of 1890-91 closed on Tuesday, 
June 30, 1891. Vacation of ten weelcs and fiv© days. Term of 1891-92 
opened on Monday, September 4. 1891. 

Soldiers'' Orphans' Home.— Term of 1890-91 closed on Friday, June 19, 1891. 
Vacation of eleven i weeks and two days. Term of 1891-92 opened on 
Monday September 7, 1891. 

1892. 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb.— Term of 1891-92 closed on Wednesday, 
June 8, 1892. Vacation of fourteen weeks and six days. Term of 1892-93 
opened on .Wednesday, September 21. 1892. 

Institution for the Blind.— Term of 1891-92 closed on Tuesday June 7, JS92. 
Vacation of fourteen weeks. Term of 1892-93 opened on Wednesday, Sep- 
tember 14, 1892. 

Asylum for Fee' le- Minded Children.— Term of 1891-92 closed on Thursday, 
June 30, 1892. Vacation of nine weeks and two days. Term of 1892-93 
opened on Sunday, September 4, 1892. 

Soldie'-s' Orphans' Honu.— Term of 1891-92 closed on Friday June 10, 1892. 
Vacation of twelve weeks and two days. Term of 1892-93 opened on Mon- 
day, September 5, 1892. 



2(50 



Tahij: \lll. —Showing number of inmates ndmitted into eleven 
state institutions, iioni each county in the stnte. between the 
Jst clay of July, ISiW, and the SOth day of June. 18i)l. 



Counties. 










n 1 


Cxi 
? 2 ^' 


5|g 




3 O -: 


1^ 
1 


A dams 




2 


13 


3 

3 


3 


1 


2 




4 

4 

6 
2 


2 26 
6 2 


53 


Alexander 




15 


Bond 








1 


1 






2 


1 


14 


Boono 


4 










c 






5 

4 

1 




1 










2 

1 

2 

6 
5 

4 
2 
1 


8 


Bureau 




9 


2 






18 
4 
3 
5 

15 

8 
14 

14 

1 
14 

170 

10 

13 

7 

4 

10 
2 

1 

1 

10 

11 

6 
2 

9 


i 

i 

1 
i 


34 














6 


Carroll 


10 














15 


Cass 




5 












16 


C liampaign 




17 












38 


C hristian 




7 






1 

i 


1 
1 


5 


22 


Clark 




6 


1 
4 
6 


1 
1 


30 


Clay 




22 


Clinton 














Coles 




14 

230 
8 
7 




2 

19 








3 
36 


1 
42 


:-u 


Cook 


251 






IG 


8 


6 


781 


Crawford 




i 

3 


19 


Cumberland 




2 


1 








1 


25 


DeKalb 


12 






f\ 


DeWitt 


9 
4 


1 




1 
1 

i 


1 
2 


3 
2 


4 


3 


26 


Douglas 






2 
1 


19 




5 










10 


Edgar 


13 










15 


Edwanls 














1 
2 
2 

i 

1 
1 

1 

i 

2 


i 

i 

5 

1 

6 
2 

2 


f 


Effingham 




4 

2 
8 




1 
11 








2 
2 


n 


Fayette 








1 


27 


Ford 








17 


Franklin 






2 








5 


Fulton 






7 








3 


25 


Gallatin 






■1 


1 


1 

1 
1 




8 


Grei'ne 






8 


1 
1 


3 

1 


9 
6 
1 


?9 


Grundv 




6 




1 


18 


Hamilton 






4 


6 


Hancock 






8 


1 








13 


Hardin 












1 

1 
8 
7 
5 
27 

12 
4 

1 

9 

18 

If 
2 
6 


1 


Henderson 






2 
3 














3 

1 
3 
3 


( 


Henry 


M 


""\\ 




1 


1 






1^ 


IroQuois 




1 


-71 


Jackson 






4 
3 

7 


1 

1 


i 

1 




14 


Jasper 












31 


Jefferson 










4 






2-1 


Jersey 






8 






2 

1 

4 


2 

1 
1 
3 


1^ 


JoDaviess 


9 














11 








7 










19 


Kano 


47 






2 


1 

2 


2 


3 


7t 


K ankakoo 


15 






3t 


L'ndall 


6 






1 

1 






1 


,.nox 




13 








1 


5 
1 

<i 

1 

1 

7 

6 

5 

22 
3 
3 

1 


2« 


Lake 


7 




1 






y 


LaSalle 


30 






2 




2 

2 

1 


21 

17 
4 
IS 
11 

9 

4 

7 

IS 
4 
2 


3 

i 

2 
2 
1 

1 

i 

1 


fi( 


Lawronco 






3 








Lee 


15 










2 


•ik 


Livingston 


12 








i 


3( 


Logan 




10 
1 

11 

8 






3 


Macon 




7 






1 




% 


Macoupin 










3 

2 

4 
3 


'?. 


Madison 






3 

7 


4 


3 


1 
1 

1 


4i 


Marlon 






?!' 


Marshall 




4 


1 
5 






If 


Mason 








i 


U 



261 



Table A'/i/.— Concluded. 



Counties. 




m 


Op® 


pa)-! 
-^ 3 


eg. 


W 

5' 
9- 


^2> 

CD 


073 




o2S 




o 










2 








2 


5 
2 
6 
8 
4 

3 


I 
6 


5 

2 


10 








9 




t 




18 


McHenry 


10 








2 

T 


6 


20 




17 


6 
11 

10 




3 
1 


i 


53 


Menard 




3 


20 








1 




1 


1 


16 








1 
2 






1 








9 
12 


1 
2 

1 








3 
3 

8 

14 
10 
11 

10 

1 

10 
3 


2 
3 

1 
3 

9 

5 

3 


2 
9 
3 

4 
23 

1 

5 

2 
1 


19 


^forgan 




1 
2 


2 






32 






1 




15 


Ogle 


14 






33 






28 


5 


3 

1 






3 


70 












18 


Piatt 




4 






1 


3 


24 


Pike 




14 


1 
3 


i 


2 


31 


Pope 






13 


Pulaski 
















10 






2 


1 










3 


Randolph 




2 
2 

5 




i 






2 
17 

13 
1 
5 
2 


4 
1 


2 
1 

4 

■■■'29 
3 

1 

2 

1 
16 
5 

8 

3 

7 


7 














20 




22 




6 


2 








51 








1 
5 


8 








19 

5 
5 

4 


2 


1 


3 


64 








10 


Scott 














3 


9 


Shelby 




9 


5 


1 






22 
1 
4 
1 
6 

4 
19 


4 

1 

1 
3 


39 


Stark 










6 


St. Clair. 






13 








3 


40 




8 












15 


Tazewell 




11 








1 




26 








13 






21 


Yermilion 




21 




1 4 


1 
1 


2 


58 








7 


8 








5 




1 


1 


2 
3 

6 
23 

5 
18 

4 

6 
1 




4 


13 








7 

10 
4 


1 




11 




















16 


White 










1 
1 


2 

1 


1 
4 
1 


1 
3 


3 


30 


Whiteside 


14 






2d 




2h 






1 


50 


Williamson 






3 


2 




9 




lb 










1 

1 


S 


4 

2 


5 


34 






4 


•1 




] 




16 










46f 


5o; 


276 


162 


75 


58 


42 


94 


818 


147 


352 


3,047 







202 



Taulk XIV. — Shonimr TiJinibcr of inrnnfos nfiwittpff into eleven 
state institutions, troiu ench county in the st-ite, lif^twi'^n the 
1st day of July, 1891, and the :i()ih day of June, l^'.rj. 



COUNTIKS. 


Northt^rn 
Insano 
Hospital. 


O 3 }»■ 
00 2 T 1 


||2 


?^2 


9o^ 




5" 
p. 


:— :r'C tp ''.iw* "^ 


ill 


o 

E 






2 


26 






2 


i 


4 


4 
1 
1 


13 
3 
5 
3 
2 

4 


27 

1 

1 

1 

3 
2 

3 

5 

S 
5 
1 
4 
2 

55 

i 

1 
3 

2 

3 

2 

■•■'is 


77 






4 

6 


1 


11 


Bond 








12 




7 














n 






6 

58 

A 











2 

1 


3 

1 


14 












2 


' 




69 












7 




1 






2 








4 
3 
8 

7 

10 

7 

1 

11 

146 
4 

13 
7 

11 

9 

1 


7 






11 
13 




1 

1 
2 






1 
7 


19 






15 




1 


1 

1 

1 


1 
1 


51 






13 


Clark 








30 
6 
8 


i 


1 f. 
\ 2 

; 2 

1 1 


55 


Clay 








18 


Clinton 








2 

1 

29 


2 
1 

17 


20 


Cole'^ 




7 
292 




24 


Cook 


326 






44 


44 
2 


14 

2 

1 
1 

2 


967 






21 

7 


W 






4 










26 


DeKalb 


13 




1 


1 


1 

1 

1 


25 


DeWitt 


10 
5 


1 






26 














17 


DnPago 


5 






2 
1 






8 


i2 

1 








3 






18 








6 
40 

7 






1 
7 

8 
7 
4 
7 


8 






1 


1 

1 
1 




2 

1 


1 


54 


Fayf»tto 








18 


Ford 




3 




13 








9 










13 






1 


15 




1 


1 

1 

1 




5 


45 






6 




7 








8 


1 

1 


3 


1 


4 

1 
4 


3 
6 

6 

1 
6 

1 
7 

10 

8 
3 
9 
13 

14 


3 

9 

3 
2 
1 
2 
1 

1 
6 
4 

i 

1 
1 

5 

1 
2 

3 

1 
3 

9 
12 

3 


21 






6 


25 








10 






1 
2 


IS 








. 8 






1 


24 














fi 








8 
54 








1 


i 


1 


19 










1 




h^ 






13 


2 




22 








13 

18 

4 


4 

1 








20 










2 

• \ 








?» 














2 


19 


J«rsoy 


8 




4 






19 












15 








8 












17 




34 


1 
12 




1 

I 
1 


3 




■A 
1 


2 


56 








31 




8 










Id 






12 






1 


i 

1 

1 


5 

8 

4 
2 
3 

2 


12 

3 

32 

4 
8 

15 
7 

16 


3S 


Lakf* 


13 










18 


LaSallo 


55 






7 


3 




10£ 








4 


IS 




11 






1 
2 






27 




21 


••••J2 

1 

18 




1 




a 






1 
2 

i 

i 

1 


1 

2 

1 
A 

1 
1 
2 


24 






18 


■■"67 

7 


3 

1 
A 
1 


8 


51 






31 








1 
2 

3 


7 

i:. 

2 


% 










'^ 








19 

8 


25 


Mason 












17 



263 



Table Z/F.— Concluded. 



Ctunties. 


Z T. '2. 

•S3: — 

m 


O 3 P 

'M CP '-P 


O 3 CD 
X -ji ~ 

•3 P S- 


03° 
m I. -1 

^3 


3l-l'^ 

ri.3 ^ 

3 3J 3 
pgg 

fa, 


PI 


s 

5' 


g2> 

-•WV3 




Soldiers' 

& Sailors' 

Home. 

Eye 

and Ear 

Infirmary. 


o 










5 












2 

5 

14 

1 

2 


2 
6 

I 
5 

1 
2 
7 
16 
2 

■■■'24 
5 

5 

2 

1 
3 
1 

9 

1 
34 

2 


9 








13 










6 

■"'"io 


25 


McHenry 


7 












1 

6 

2 


14 


32 






1 






68 






8 
8 






1 
1 


12 












1 


13 








7 








9 








11 
16 




2 
2 


i 

1 


1 
4 

4 
3 




4 


25 












39 


Moultrie 




5 




1 
1 


2 

5 

1 

2 

2 


4 

2 
10 

6 
13 

15 

2 


15 


Ogle, 


4 






11 




35 




2 




74 


Perry 






2 




18 


Piatt 




9 






1 

1 


i 


3 

2 


27 


Pike 




7 






18 


Pope 






6 
7 




23 


Pulaski 








3 








14 






1 


5 










7 


Kandolph 




8 

1 

6 


2 










6 
14 

10 
3 
2 
2 


19 


Eichland 










2 

2 
1 
1 


3 

2 


2 
3 


23 


Eock Island 

Saline 


1 




74 


1 


1 


103 
11 


Sangamon 






35 
6 
2 

i 


1 




7 


4 
2 


84 


Schuyler 






12 


Seott 
















2 


Shelby 




8 


1 


1 


2 


4 


i 

2 
1 
1 

1 

1 
1 
1 


1 

2 


8 
3 


1 
1 
23 
3 
2 

1 
3 

2 

1 

1 
1 
1 
3 

1 

2 


26 


Stark 




8 


St. Clair 






26 


2 

1 
1 

1 
1 


3 
1 


1 


57 


Stephenson 


10 






1 
6 

3 

1 
2 


2 
6 

9 
14 
1 
3 
3 

5 
12 

G 
29 

2 

6 

2 


19 


Tazewell 




13 


12 


29 


Union 






1 


i 


25 


Vermilion 




23 




46 


Wabash 






4 

9 

10 
6 


7 


Warren 






13 


1 

1 
1 
2 
5 
1 

5 


1 
1 




23 


Washington 






14 


Wayne 










1 
3 
2 
6 

1 


3 
3 


21 


White 








2 


1 


26 


Whiteside 


22 






33 


Will 


10 






1 
I 




54 








8 


17 


Winnebago 


13 






26 


Woodford 




27 




1 




1 




31 




1 






2 


3 
























Totals 


484 


566 559 


399 


119 


91 


59 


151 


IGO 


760 


395 


3,743 



264 

Tahlk XV. — Showing number of innmtes nctunlly present on 
the ^Unh day at June, 1891, in eleven state institutions, trow 
each county in the state. 



Counties. ^^^^^^--^^=42=:! = 5? 
^'s'i ,'^'- ^ -z:: -'DC — — s. 

t- a —. 1 so <z ri ri o r^ V ~ ". ~ 


R 

5' 


F-|3 


=g £. =5.^. i^i ~a.2- 

iif is="^',|BKll| 


•-3 



£ 


Adams 




2 


68 








4 

1 
2 


3 
4 
3 


2 
3 
2 

1 


4 
17 
2 


60 
6 
6 


14S 


Alexander 




23 

17 






54 


Bond 












3S 


Boono 


17 










18 


Brown 




13 

4 
10 










1 
4 




5 

6 
2 
5 
10 

8 

8 
6 
2 
3 
5 

74 
2 
2 
2 

6 

2 
2 
3 

3 

2 

2 

10 
2 

5 

4 

2 
6 
4 


11 


Bureau 




47 










3 
1 


i 

1 
7 
6 

6 
4 

1 


64 


Calhoun 












14 


Carroll 


25 


i 












3S 


Cass 


15 








2 
8 

7 
2 
1 
4 
6 

98 

1 


5 

9 

1 
7 
1 
4 
5 

15 
4 

1 

7 

2 


2 
4 

6 
2 
2 


41 


Champaiyn 




54 








8S 


Christian 




31 








59 


Clark 




24 


i 

16 
20 






At 


Clay 








23 


CUnton 












31 


Coles 




37 

771 
17 
14 








3 

19 
2 

3 
1 

1 


12 
113 

i 

4 

1 
1 
3 
1 
3 

4 

2 

4 
2 

1 

3 

2 


6£ 


Cook 

Crawford 


257 




1 

1 
3 




1 


1.34H 
27 


Cumberland 


■■■■36 






23 


DeKalb 






4 
2 

2 

7 

1 
1 
2 

7 
5 


38 


DeWitt 


22 

20 


1 








42 


Douglas 










28 


DuPago 


2(1 










St 


Edgar 


28 










7 


1 


49 


Edwards 






4 

1 

26 






6 


Effingham 




23 

i 

28 








2 
5 


3 

3 
2 


37 


Fayette 








4; 


Ford 








4i 


FrankUn 






15 






1; 


Fulton 




1 


49 






5 


8 


3 


8* 


Gallatin 




12 






K 


Greene 




1 
21 


28 






3 
2 


3 


3 

1 
1 


41 


Grundy 










2( 


Hamilton 






17 






21 


Hancock 






42 




1 


3 


2 


5J 


Hartlin 






10 




u 


Henderson 






12 
2 






1 

4 

6 

1 


2 




IJ 


Henry 


49 


i 

57 












5i 


Iroquois 








1 
2 

7 

2 

T 

6 


1 
1 
3 

1 
1 


5 
4 


7, 


Jackson 






27 
3 

17 






4 


Jasper 




9 








]( 


Jefferson 








1 
3 


2 
10 
3 
2 
6 


2! 


Jersey 






19 






6 
5 


31 


JoDavicss 


2!» 










3( 








18 






3 
3 

2 


2 
6 

5 


2( 


Kane 


87 










8 

2 
1 
4 
3 
3 

3 
6 
3 
12 

3 
8 
7 
3 
3 


11 


Kankakee 


48 




1 
1 






5 


Kendall 


21 






2! 


Knox 


1 

2 
89 


48 








1 


2 


20 
3 

8 

2 
3 

■■"26 
16 

9 
39 
3 
2 
2 


7 


Lak.' 


30 
3 








3f 


LaSallo 










I 

8 
4 

4 

7 

4 

6 

6 
1; 


3 
1 



1 

2 
4 
4 

i 


i 

5 
2 

8 

1 
2 
3 
1 
1 


11 


Lawrence 




13 









Lee 


-il 










5 


Livingston 


51 










6 


l^ogan 




27 
2 

45 
60 








6( 


Macon 




38 
2 








7 


Macoupin 










6t 


Madison 




1 

27 






]]• 


Marion 










5( 


Marshall 




19 

1 


1 
19 






3! 


Mason 










s; 



265 



Table ZF.— Concluded. 



Counties. 




O 3 " 

m 


?5-? 
p -, p 


o - - 




w 

p' 
p. 




3p 


0= ^ 

2,BW 
? 


12 = 
■ 5»- 


o 










16 






3 
2 

4 
9 
6 

■i 

1 
2 
4 


3 
1 
3 
12 


3 

2 

1 


2 

2 

1 
7 

1 


■■■'ii 

3 
13 

5 

3 
9 
4 
20 
3 

3 
30 


27 


McDonough 






34 






50 


McHpnry 


25 

1 










36 




75 


5 

20 

25 








124 


Menard 








32 


Mercer 












32 


Monroe 






17 
2 










27 


Montgomery 






31 

40 






1 
3 

1 

3 

7 
3 

■■"io 

5 


2 

2 

2 

1 

1 
2 


3 
4 

1 
6 


43 


Morgan 










71 






10 








16 


Ogle 

Peoria 


37 










4 
5 
2 
2 
4 


50 




68 








116 


Perry 






20 






27 


Piatt 




17 








9 
5 

7 


2 
12 

3 
3 


31 


Pike 




39 








70 


Pope 






11 

15 






20 














2 


29 






8 


1 






;> 


Randolph 




29 
19 






4 


i 

4 

1 
6 


1 

7 

1 

i 


2 

11 

1 

i 


4 
2 

12 
3 

40 
6 
3 

2 
3 
43 

8 
20 

3 

6 


38 














31 


Rock Island 


64 


3 


6 






4 


105 




14 






19 


Sangamon 




2 


65 
22 
15 

7 






9 
3 
1 

5 
2 
5 
3 

6 

2 

7 

1 


123 


Schuyler 










32 


Scott 












7 
1 




26 


Shelby 




17 


5 






7 


2 


39 


Stark 








12 


St. Clair 






75 






9 




7 

2 


139 


Stephenson 


33 










46 


Tazewell 




34 


25 

1 

13 






3 

] 

1 
S 
3 




63 


Union 






3 


1 
15 


32 


Vermilion 




50 








83 


Wabash 








17 


Warren 




1 


29 






1 


2 


5 


41 


Washington 




24 

25 

18 






1 

3 
1 

5 
4 
3 

3 
4 


25 


Wayne 












3 
2 
4 
2 


1 
8 

4 


3 

6 

2 

8 
2 


2 

2 

6 

12 

5 


34 


White 




1 

1 
84 








33 




38 
2 






56 


Will 










102 


Williamson 




22 






27 


Winnebago 


51 














74 


Woodford 


25 


2 












38 












1 




Totals 


86C 


1,725 


939 


629 




2 


413 


278 


158 


380 


743 


6,133 













£66 

Table XVI. — Showing the number of inmates actually present 
on the SOth (hiy of June, lSi)2, in eleven state institutions, 
irom each count v in the state. 



Counties. 


pff^pf^z 








lit 











Adams 




3 


81 


■■"22 

21 


1 






3 

1 
2 


5 
2 
2 


i 


63 
3 

1 
1 
3 

5 
3 
S 

8 
9 

4 
11 

1 
7 
4 

86 
2 
2 
2 
4 

1 
3 
2 


161 










28 


Bond 














27 




21 












22 


Brown 






12 

50 
13 










1 
1 


4 

2 
2 


2 

i 

2 
4 

2 

2 

2 

26 
1 

1 

1 


20 


Bureau 




3 










63 


Calhoun 












18 


Carroll 


22 


1 




2 








29 


Cass... . 


19 
36 








3 

8 

7 
3 
2 
4 
6 

130 

2 


6 

7 

■"ii 

1 
3 
s 

23 
4 
1 
1 

4 

1 


38 


Champaign 




55 




1 






120 


Christian 








13 


Clark 1 "" 






2fl 
18 
24 








57 


Clay 








1 
1 






25 


Clinton 












39 


Coles 




38 
885 








5 


Cook 


472 






42 






1 


1,C65 


Crawford 




19 
7 


28 


Cumberland 


■■■■35 


13 










24 


DeKaib 








4 
3 

2 
7 
2 


43 


De iN'^itt 


26 
19 


2 










41 


Douglas 












24 


DuPage 


28 






2 
1 






40 


Edgar 


28 

1 










5 




38 


Edwards 






i 

25 






9 


Effingham 










3 

8 
5 


1 
2 


1 

3 
2 


6 

2 
2 


46 


Fayette 




1 
24 










39 


Ford 










85 


Franklin 






21 








21 


Fulton 




2 


55 








5 


5 




14 

1 

14 
2 
1 

15 


81 


Gallatin 




13 








14 


Greene 




1 
22 


31 








5 
2 
1 
4 


6 

i 

4 


4 

2 


57 


Grundy 






1 






31 


Hamilton 






16 






21 


Hancock 






44 








67 


Hardin 






9 








9 


Henderson 






19 

49 








1 
4 
8 
6 

1 


2 


1 


4 
6 
3 
3 
1 

1 
10 
8 
2 
6 

1 

1 

14 
3 
9 

1 

6 
3 
18 
12 

5 
23 
3 

1 
•> 


27 




4 






1 






64 


Iroquois 


68 








1 
2 
1 

8 

i 

1 
4 

3 


1 

3 

1 

3 

1 

3 


66 


Jackson 








30 
12 

20 


4 






45 


Jasper 












15 


JelTerson 








1 






33 


Ji'rsfjv 






19 






5 


36 


JoDavii'ss 


21) 












43 


Johnson 






20 








26 


Kano 


"""25 


1 
40 




1 

1 
1 






9 

2 
1 
7 
4 
5 

4 
6 
2 
13 

8 

4 
11 
8 
3 
6 


118 


Kankakee 




1 
1 






51 


Kendall 






29 


Knox 


1 


49 








3 


74 




1 















44 


LaSalle 


m; 







7 






13 

6 
6 
3 

3 

8 


2 

1 
2 

2 
1 
6 


153 


Lawrence 




15 






27 




44 






1 
2 






66 


Livingston 


54 










66 


Logan 


3 
54 








65 


Macon 




3'.t 


""iu 

31 


3 

1 
4 

1 






79 


Macoupin 








64 


Madison 














102 


Marion 












C 
1 
4 


4 


53 


Marshall 






17 
23 






22 


Mason 


;;;;:; ;::::; 













267 



Table X T/.— Concluded. 



Counties. 


o "o 


III 


H.£r 


T- C 




K 


s 

5" 


p;S^ 


„Ca; 
hd- 

2^E 


Soldi ens' 
& Sailors' 
Home. 
Eye and 
Ear Infir- 
mary. 




P. 


Massac 




1 


20 








2 
1 
5 
15 
6 

2 
1 

3 
6 


3 
7 
3 
9 


4 


2 
11 

2 
8 
6 

4 

9 

7 

23 

5 

1 
26 
5 
1 
12 

1 

6 


27 








39 








58 


McHenry 


27 

1 












37 




81 


1 

20 

29 




1 






120 








32 




















35 








24 












34 








35 
46 








3 

2 

2 
6 
9 

1 
10 

6 


1 

i 

2 

1 


46 


Morgan 














78 






12 




1 
1 






20 


Ogle 


26 










6 
9 
2 
4 
5 


36 






79 16 






136 


Perry 
















16 


Piatt 




20 












28 


Pike 




4i 










68 


Pope 






11 
17 








19 


Pulaski 








3 






1 


27 






4 


4 










8 


Randolpli 




30 
17 

""is 


2 






2 

2 

5 






7 
2 

22 
2 

39 
3 
3 

4 
3 

33 
9 

19 

5 
10 


41 


Richland 












2 

7 
1 

1 


5 

2 
1 
1 


28 




8 


2 


60 


1 






107 








17 


Sangamon 






77 
23 
15 




1 






16 

2 
1 

5 
3 
7 
4 
6 

3 
7 


135 


Schuyler 










28' 


Scott 














3 

2 

9 

1 
11 

1 
6 
2 
5 

5 
1 
4 
1 
3 


8 

i 

3 

2 


22 


Shelby 




19 


2 


1 






34 


Stark 








14 


St. Clair 






91 

29 

1 

11 

""■60 

24 

20 


2 

1 
1 

1 






142 


Stephenson 


36 




"■"41 






52 


Tazewell 






78 


Union 










42 


Vermilion 




62 








88 


Wabash 










13 


Warren 






32 


1 






1 

1 

3 

2 
5 
7 
4 

3 
6 


1 
1 

I 
1 

1 
5 


5 
1 

2 
1 
1 
8 


45 


Washington 










33 


Wayne 








1 
1 
2 
5 






36 


White 




1 

1 
75 








27 


Whiteside 


49 

2 






63 












103 


Williamson 




23 






30 


Winnebago 


49 






5 








11 

8 


68 






26 








3 




43 


Wyoming (state) 








2 






2 
















1 








Totals 


1,010 


1.710 


1,180 


840 


113 




1 


506 311 


136 


757 


6,564 



208 



2C 












C5 Qi 

to S 



O 



o 



y. 





SSJ 


sts 


1- 


s 


«= 


§ 


i^ 


;r 


2 


t 


— » 


1 


1 


o 


ag 


S— " 


<p O 


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tC = tJ 




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a 






























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Pt 




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1 



269 





Cii-ioco 


t-lt» 


=-. t^ 


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OOOC-. 


o-j> 


« 


^M 


to 


tOC-1 


CO 1.0 


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r- 


_ 




r-OOOr- 


ooc! oiAjq o-<j>oioo 


coooo-*-* 


vOOO 


lO^ 


tOi-<lOOO> 




5O-<J>5O00 


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t^ ^M(Neo 


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sa=^r: 


■MOO 


s ^s*- 


Total 


*. 


IM 1-1 




SOIMCOIMi-l 


CO ^1 CO CO r^ 




OOt^t'- 


la .0000 oo-oooic^- 




. .-^). • 


ooca 


•00 


N-!f 0100 


Soldiers' and 


ot^oo^ 


00 • 


o-jsN !Oi-io5eq?7 






t^ • 


CO 


•00 


Cl^OOOO 


^^^^ 


t^ • 


■*m^ i-iecwo 






^ : 


LOCiOO 


• 10 


CO lOl.Ot~ 


Sailors' 












sqt^<M 




rt fCO 


Home 
























ri r* o o 


OO CJO 


• l^ t^ CO 1.-5 -I- 


1-0 


• 1.0 • • 


CO"-! • 


. ■— . 


1.0 -r N • 




tot>-o»o 


laoo o 


• CI 'T X t^ 1--5 


l^ 


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r-lrHOO ■ 


State Eeform 


g^^s 


r»5ai—o 


• i-ICOi-HO 


^ 


•00 • 
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■^co • 


•00 


S §§§ : 


School 






















eoMO-s- 




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Eye and Ear 
















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■CM 


00 00 - OJ to 




cr:moeo 


lO 




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NOO 


OlOtO 






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• 


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Soldiers' Or- 


kO-^iOf-* 


ei 


eOiCOO r^lM \ 


Clt^ 


J?§5S 






1» 


is 


3 ^J3S 


phans' Home 


























t^t^oo 


i-ir^oioco -MCKiiOS^i^c 




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00 


. — ; 


O-S'CMNO 


Asylum for 


ITD r* ■«!!« 1— 1 


•o r^ -"i" ic 


o oo'ooaoo 






o • 


torn 


• 00 


CO rH 00 OOW 


^©■^li^O 


ooiMMSOic i-iiMeoi-cio 






to ' 


CO 00 


•00 


IM C-. t^ 


Feeble- 




cq -■ 








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coco 




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— -a-m 


M00050CO 






to 00 







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-«-.JiO^O 




0-. ;ct~ 


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• 00 00 l^ o -^ 






oooo 








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Institution 


tC -^lOt^ 


r» 


CM — 


cojqm 






OI> 






c? 


•00 


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for the Blind 




























= 0(M 


00 


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o 


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CO-HOO • 


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_ 


C<lrH 


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• oot-. 




1.0 LO 10 


1— t 10 to • 


for the Deaf 




^ 








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1-1 -^co • 


and iJumb.. 
























ooc-. o 


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r-c (M CO 00 1--; 


. 


-> . . 




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• 1- 


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Southern In- 


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;r> 


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to o 


00 OS 00 


• 


■o 










a 




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LO -^ -^t^ 




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to rH 


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' 


fi 










tc 


• 


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sane Hos- 


:^ 








; 


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c^ 


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co CO 


pital 
































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o 








• cot^ 


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o^co 


OCOCiCO 


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00 -T 


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^00 1^ 


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1— C^^-ltO 


coc 


N 








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sane Hos- 




!*> 


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CO 1-1 


CO 








• CM 1-1 


coco 


pital 


























r-.ooo(M 


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Ml i-O -o 00 to 00 




■OOO 






~ 


■IM 


00 1/5 00 CI 00 


Eastern In- 


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■0>®0i-l 


o r-cot^t^'3' 




NIMO 






ti 


> -t^ 


10 -^ CO CO I— 


iO-^ UOiC 


OOfCJOO 


to rHCOP-CT 




FHtOtO 






c 


• e; 


t- cotor- 


sane Hos- 


3» 


oq 






Moa 






^ 




CO CM 


pital 
















~ 








i-NOOCOrl 


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to "^ 


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oo 


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OS'T to 








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CO 00 


Northern In- 


i.'5-r corp- 


tN. 


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se 








eqiMiM 








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3- o- - 








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s 


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5 

4 


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51 


3 
















c 


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s 

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tatoes. 
tatoes. 


i1 


1 
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02 
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270 



Total 






Soldiers' and 
Bailors' 
Home 


o>«ox> 




Slate Reform 
School 






Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Infirmary .. 


g«,^ 




Soldiers' Or- 
phans' Home 




Asylum for 
Feeble- 
Minded 


l.~«0 


Institution 
for the Blind 


c^ — ent- 


Institution 
for the Deaf 
and Dumb.. 


lO -.O CO iO 
CO 


Southern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 


CO 




to 
•is 


Central In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 








Eastern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 


00 




s 

-* 


Northern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 




!0 


5 


S' ■ 


; 


03 

O 

o 

1-. 

< 


73 

txc 
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< 


d 

5 

3 





271 






OS 



CO 



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D,2~S 


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Qi 

C! 


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o 





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e=3 



1— I 

X 





^^ 


ta 


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to to 


^^ 


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■^ 


_^ 


— V 


Lt 


CO 


00 


•MO 


to 


, 




OlO 


COr-lO 


r---* 


KlIMO 


t-00 


OCO 




■"-M 


3 




t^» 


CO IM 


C<JCO 


t— tf— 1 


,^ 


rHf-H 


•It 


«2 


Total 


^l-H 












1 ^ 

1 




£>•* 




GOt>- 


to 00 a. 


-!P35 


(MOO 


eq-r 


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„ 


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00 






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COCO 


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0«i-l 


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Soldiers' and 


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■* N 


lo-^ 


CO 1-1 


CO 




^ 


-^ 


00 


Sailors' 


e»:M 












^ 






Home 






















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c^c^to 


tot- 


■— . ^< .^ 


00 o 


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o 




coco 


i:-.-<o 


»l-l 


rH CO i-( 


oirs 


(Mt= 




^?^ 


(M 


State Reform 


S3 


lo e<i 


IM-* 


rHrt 


rli-H 


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to 




School 














m 








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to 35 


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cn ; 


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cr. ^^ 


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cot^ 


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ca 


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Eye and Ear 


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» 






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c^to 


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^ 


IN 


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5q (M 


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IM • 


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co2 




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o-.tcr^ 


oeq 


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CO to 


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rH 


• 3 


CO 




<M^ 


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M ; 


CO 


C-.iO 


lOOO 




CO • 




Asylum for 


VSO 


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IM 


IM 


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coS 


IQ 


Eeeble- 


W.i-1 














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i« 


00 


CS^i-l 


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CO 


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Institution 


caTi" 


■* • 


-* 


1-1 -3< 




N 


1-t 






for the Blind 


S'^ 














m 








00^ 


f^(MCO 


^=>to 


>0 (N 


00 -H 


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lO 


00 00 


00 




(M-a" 


03i-li-( 


!—• t» 


CX 


00 


coo 


•OiS 


CO 


C-J 


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Institution for 


t^i-O 


f^ -^ 








f-CO 


cq 




^.s 




the Deaf and 


»r-. 














CO 






Dumb 
























C-. M 


o to to 


mi— t 


0-rt~ 


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C; 


00 rl 


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05 = rH 


00-^ 


?qoco 


toco 


^•cc 








Southern In- 


r^ — 


CO -^ 


lO lO 




IM 


1-1 ?q 


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^S 


t^ 


sane Hos- 


<feOJ 












fe 






pital 






















too 


t^oco 


l>-02 


g§s 


1-H«— 1 


(MtC 


o 


TZ^ 


W 




00 »o 


00 (MO 


i-iO 


tOi-O 


toe- 


t- 


CO 


t^ 


Cent) al In- 


xaoo 


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MrH 




C<1 








o 


sane Hos- 


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i 




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pital 






















^-CC 


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cr:-i-i-( 


1—1 cH 


00 <y 


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t^-T 


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eoo 


tO<M^ 


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toia 


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Eastern In- 


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CO 


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C-.OJt 


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CO 


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el 


Northern In- 


tee; 


04 rH 


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<M 


1-1 


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n 






pital 




























































tc 




































o 


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272 






55 



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cut 


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Qj 




fcn 


■*». 






"^ 


s 




■+~i 




Qi 


t^ 




ii 


(> 


. 












<3i 


Oj 



if. 



'. i s 

~t -- ^» 

5s^ 






Total I g 






Soldiers" and 
Sailwrs" 
Home 






-< O ©J Cl '.C t 3C -!• 



• Sr» ^ 



State Reform 22 £ ="S 
School i "-' 



it C-. « 



1 VE o m T« ?1 3-. 



Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Infirmary...! 



o m T« ci 3-. ~ f 1 c<? 



ocoo — -«» 
^j JO X -r T 



-»-r X r»N -»c<> 



— M — --C^ 00:3 



-^c^ 00:3 C» — 



Soldiers' Or- 1 5=^ 
phans' Home '^-" 






to — r-. — -i -r 

M r. ^ 05 — •— 



Asylum for _■« ooec ' »'— ' riL.-.^ n-J td^r>' 

Feeble- SsJ:: - =^- ssj r- &c 

Minded . . 



Institution 
for the Blind 



Institution 
for the Deaf 
and Dumb., 






t- M -^ -i t^ => — -T t^ •-= 



-rnr w- 



0O(N r»-r 



o r^ — r:-» 



Southern In- 
sane Hospi' 
tal 

Central In 
sane Hospi 
tal 

Eastern In 
sane Hospi 
tal 

Noithern In 
sane Hospi 
tal 



SOO 1O30 —--^^ 






O 00 ••o i-t » tx>\zx 
— — ?Q s -r 



-r-, Mmv= tor- ^ooo'^^ M"" to — ;-. 



=' N o t^ .-^ 



r ■— OQ =-. CI -w O 

5) o" C O ?j O - 



00-^ f^oooi wr^ 



»•.■;-- cc -.o pc-^s 



. — . ... ^ ^■. _ so a »^ 

«o m oc d — viai ■■£ x ri — ' « o ^h jo 



sss 



X is -3 N 3 
?i 00 m 00 w 



<r cB • 00 tr. 

fl c ^ a o 



• _aD o oc BD tr. 



PS c 3— cS 3 C 3 a 33 
00 OOS 30 3cO CO 



tr. X S m /- 

- - a°° 
==: 3 

3 eS o 
ZCPh 



:e.2 

^■^ a 
CO c cd 



22 






3J3 



>aa fefa oceh eo wddm 



273 







o o 




s-rs 




a, eg 




^^ 




o-^ 




>» « 




OQ ^ 




O^ 




w » 




5-< 




<ii-!i! 




t^'S 








s^ 




c8 Qi 




^^ 




i3-^ 




O ts 




^^ 




qi 




isn^ 




« y 




|g 




eg 6( 




«>.s 




«l 








s« 




00"^ 




*-^ c; 




^=« 




^ ro 




"••O S5 








» a 




•^■li 


c« 


fcC on 


^ 


« =; 


Qi 


"5': 


s 


1=1 4^^ 


cti 


a>^ 


<c 



^ S :-c 
^ °3 Si 

^ .■« V-i 

^"^^ 



Total. 



Soldiers' and 
Sailors' 
Home 



State Reform 
School . . 



Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Inflrmary . 



Soldiers' Or- 
phans' Home 



Asylum for 
Peeble- 
Minded — 



05N Nr-'M moo oor».oo mi-i t>.oo r-ose* 

lOO 'Ti-clM e<3> MCOO t»io oj— ' — - 



OIC 00»» 00t>. 00-HO-. 



I-I-* ecr-cT oor- i-io«. 



loeioo OiC^ :ou9 



t— -* c* ci 






— to WCTH (N05 OOOUS iftOl 1-1 

«i-i o — -* loe* i-coc^ ^(N CO 



t>.T(< eq — M cc>-i «o<o 

p-l-n< W* (MCOOO rHU3 r^ - 



tOp-i-n< 



T-l'S' I— I 



Institution for 
the Blind .. 



Institution for 
th Deaf and 
Dumb 



Southern In- 
sane Hos 
pital 



Central In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



Eastern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



Northern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



»rtt>- r-n—-— occ oiioeo t-00 -*e 
00-* oiiMr- tor- ecoiO -"i-oo oo- 



(M-< eiri-H r-co iM-*»o ini-i (m«o 
icoo -a-i-HN ^i-H eo(Noo OC5 oo(N 

tpOO — CO 1-1-* r-ieoi 



iMr» t^ccos 1— IM —1-100 iN- 



lOi-lOO INC: 



N ?5 C; «0 1-1 t-00 



C-. 00 eq — C2 oeN t-oo"q oo-i< -* — 



t-o 1— eqf» 



P «> -O lO 15 



O — l-H 
O-Ji 



r- 00 — ■ IN -o to t- -^ 

C^i— ilO C^ X) C<1<OCO 



00-<1<l-H 



r- IN o CO m 



CO OO-H NtO 

t~ o 00 lo cq 






-18 P. C. 



pq;^ i>bp^ tiw q;^w 



*^[i) 



o an 
o o 



•21 ir 



Total. 



j.g „ c:^ ^ ^ « -^ g 



Boldiers' and 
Siiilors" 
Home 



-*r-<i-< or^ dec ' tj' '^'c 



r-ii-i .-le^ 



Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Infirmary .. 



?ii^ 



ii^ ?j oo 00 



■^00 »0 CO OT 

dci 00 — • c* 



5 o •.£ or o 



2— 00 00 



■— 1 » M — o -it 



Soldiers Or- 
phans' Home 






o»o»-< «oeo cfl'oe 



(Nr- e<ito-r 



C-. i-i 5C 0i» 



t-l 03 CJ 55 



Asylum for 
Feeble 
Minded 



>D0 f-H 



"" " <sao>3 
t-' -^ •-< 






(OOi laoooo 



Institution 
for the Blind 



Institution 
for the Deaf 
and Dumb. 



(Ml-H 


or~o 




O5 00<© 




S2S 


g 


OO — 


ooas05 




.-lO — 
r-<-rkO 


00 ci 




=5 



ooc; I— LOr* iOTO »ot^' 



for 



Asylum 
Insane 
Criminals . 



Southern In- 
8aiie Hospi- 
tal 









<M0OC5 


r~ 

04 


OHIO 


3 


<eoo 
00 -fl- 
oor-; 


tooo 
oc^oo 


^92 


lOOOOO 




oooo-«-' 


^ 



Central In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 



Or-lW 

eJoo"-H 



!="- rr9Bt 






ooo6r» 
sobers 



"rl r-l lO 



<M M SP 



Eastern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 



-MOO Oi-r—i 

t-io (Mr-o 

S'vi oitriei 
*-• I— I 






0O3C0O 



0000 ooe«'» 
Oi — M oi o oo 



tOi-Hco "s 



Northern In 
sane Hospi 
tal 



»^ci ocr-o oort 

C'J Cl 00 •-" >-H O 1-1 



t-O rirH rHC« 



GOOOO 



- 1> o 'O ej 

3*3 ^-Tf 



.oej 

i-Jod 



•o-o 


oD-ad 


t«T3 


ca 


^ cl o 


tia 


= 3 


^3 = 


ce3 


OO 


« O c3 


D O 


CUOi 


CM 0,0 


OCL, 






a o o 
2:cuai 



en go 
•O-O 

a a 

a p 
o o 



|S5 

3 eSO 

!50CU 



ma 



— Zj 

a. 5 









3 3 



bus 
(3 ® - 

eeto ca 

I- O 1) 






Moocn 



275 



Total. 



00 ?1 



00 t«. S-. MO 



• ;i -o t-i s 1-1 cc 



Soldiers' 
and Sailors 
Home 



Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Infirmary .. 



Soldiers' 
Orphans' 
Home 



Asylum for 
Feeble- 
Minded ... 



Institutionfor 
the Blind. 



Institutionfor 
the Deaf and 
Dumb 



Asylum for 
Insane 
Criminals.. 



Southern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



!-• 1-1 o (N 00 1-1 1-1 N -^ r- r>. o <m i-i 

»i3 00 " — '" ~^ ~ — * 



r< >-" <M 



I-HI-C (N 



— -1 asi 



S2 


Sgf2 


s§§ 


s 


CCt^ 


■o 


OQ 


c^ 



!■ iM ^ L- ~: 



(MO ^ K -i -^ ; 



ooooo :c t* ^^^M^?* 



oo oooa-T O500 esi ■-- ooo r-^ 
isio r»^ii5 coco n;iM o>i— i -"j-t- 

'i-( <M !M 



1— '"-5* occ»o ©aci r* 

■>*Oi O5r-00 COl-O o 



ooco t^mo ooi-i o 

CO M O-j n 1-H 05 O IM 



'- i-t t^ 00 



0-. 00 OO O !£> 



OOiO COi-HN U5C 



o o cr. 0-. r~ cm — co n 
1-1 wv lo o t^ C-. -- ~ 



too OOCg cool i-H 

toCTj 1-1 (M -re^o 



t-N c^ O 
C<1 1-11-H 



cii— I <>qr-o -*i-i f-iH3j too ojoq 



Central In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



tOrlio COOO 
COC-. 



-^toi-i loo^ ooo 



00 (MO (M 



rHOO 1— lO— to 1—1 O— lO ICO* 



Eastern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



00 (M O CO -O 
1-1 I^N 



mO(M COOO 



Northern In- 
sane Hos- 
pital 



:>Cq Oi-HtO 



O O ^1-MO —to 



-t" (MO 



^2 *-c 
^£ 5?(« 



o ; 

85 



53 ^ 



■^ * flj 3 '^ 



^^a 



c.2f e 



Wa |>a;x< HM oSa cccc -«JP:^ 



00 (O 

OO 



276 









-9i 



a> 



y. 
y 



Total. 



Soldiors' and 
Sailors' 
Home 









<-.»0 — 1.0 



I.'; w 5i — a -r 3 ■ 
— c J-. 4.- a: oc » < 






Charitable 
Eye and Ear 
Inilrmary.... 



9- 

be 






Soldiers' Or- 
phans' Home 



Asylum 
Feeble- 
Minded., 



for 



Institution 
for the Blind 



Institution 
for the Deaf 
and Dumb. 



Asylum for 
Insane Crim 
inals 






8;«22 



d t~ O t» lO O 1 - JJ 



00 — t; «C ■♦ •» 
wr- ■* 'o 



ass 



->-t» rH 



ei -So 

lit- 



>-'■* = 2 -S 



■n — 00 !-!»•»« oos 



«o o !.•; m 



gfeS 



c<:r-"">c — 



1.-00 C-. C-. « o —' 



ObOCJ-H 



g''--^ 



Southern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 



Central In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 



Eastern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tiil 



Northern In- 
sane Hospi- 
tal 



: o la'. 



So •■♦ 
O -to 



ec50 ot~ 
— 1.- o w 



V-.'^ 



^ :S 



i-ici 



occin 



eioocoo cow 
00 -^ r- to j» -,- ~q 



» — OC u- 
tC-T«— I 






OC t>.OJ 



c.oor> 



>r-oos 



t- O O N o o 



00 r- 






OOCJ ooo — o 



t^o 1^— " 



-c^t^i irt vo 5C r» 



cii^Ofi ooc^cc -^r^s^iw 



o -t in vs t- 00 cc 515 1-1 e<n>- 



65 o c^si 



o o — c» 






0-. O CO OC OJ ■ rl — 



-laoo 



oco 
■as i-icj 



50 00 c o -r r^sn 



— ■ OCtOrH 



r- fiaoo! 



O (MOCOiO 
CM to — rl 



j4 -Wr-I 

-»• 13 00 v- 
CM CO— -rl 



fi£££ fi'Sg^s -^fifi'l Ifififi ££fifi fifi'e'fi fifififi 

£m23 -WQ3 W22(a pa2£2 2Sr.S 22^5 S3S3 



?o; 






rs r: 






2 a 



3 5 ed O 0C\0.2 






i; « o o 

c s) s; c; a) . . . 

O O O O O 0) 0) D 






UPMfqii, OiSoO E-iHi-1- t,«K« OUOO OHHH HO»U 



277 







ooeao-f 



cCi— *io^ -n* 00 "^ CO 






•^-^-<r CO 



900 -Oi 00 



i-ior»r~ ooo 

•^ U5 ^ -^ -^ O 







»-OO00 ^C2 • 



1-1 r»e 



r^ o r^ CO '^ ■* -^o 



co!-< = <» 9S92 "S 



'^lOOO- 
tXdC 



■*•* CO 



tq^oj 






U o 



•^ u ■-, u >-< 
o3 :S ej =3 _g 



5X-3i 



278 



LIST OF APPROPRIATIONS, 1839 TO 1891. 



Tablf: XXV.— 1 be IoUow'wl^- is a compJpte list of nil npprrypria- 
tious made by the state tor the estabUshinent, maintenance 
and support of the public institutions subject to the supervis- 
ion of this board. 



Tear. 


Nature of Ai)propriatioii. 


Repairs andl 

Ordinary improve- | 

expenses. ments of ; 

grounds. 1 


Other 
special ap- 
iropriati'ns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1839.. 


INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND 
DUMB. 

In order to aid the funds of the 
asylum, one-quartei- of one per 
cent, upon the whole arnouni ol 
the school, collese and seminary 
fund, annually. Eight years. 


516,009 0( 
6,000 0( 
11,735 0( 






S16,n()o oo 


l!-47.. 


In aid ot the funds of the asylum 
ior 1X4", S3. 000; for 1H48, 53,000.... 

Ordinary expenses for 1849, 85,- 
3!;7 . 50 ; for 1S50, J5, 3 7. oO 






6,000 00 


1849.. 












Si.6()6 no 

1,500 (K) 
600 oo 




























300 Ot) 








Erection of a lditi<)nal buildings.. 




10,003 00 


24,7:i5 00 


1850.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1851, SIO, - 
000' for 1852 SIO 000 


20,000 Oo 












10,000 00 
l.OltO 00 












31,0*iO 00 


1855 


Expenses and repairs. 


40,009 00 








85,000 00 




45,000 00 


1867.. 


Ordinary exp ns.-s for 1857. 822,- 
5t0 ; for 1858, Sl!2 500 


45,000 09 










700 00 












6,508 13 








2,000 00 












i,.56o 00 
9.0OO 00 
5,0«0 00 

















Completion of I'Uildlng 






69,7()8 13 


1859 




8.46S 12 

It;, 000 00 

4,500 0(1 
600 00 


















OnJinary expenses, one quarter.. 




















1.000 00 










54,000 00 
57,000 00 




84.558 1-i 


1861 . 














3,000 00 










1.000 00 













2,000 00 
1.500 00 
1,000 00 
2,750 00 
1,000 00 


























Coping and iron railing 










Wells and cistern. 






69,2.50 00 


1863.. 


Ordinary expenses 


56.000 00 
90, 000 00 




5«;,000 00 


1865 






.' 






Furniture . 




3.000 00 








1 tH)0 00 








Improvements and repairs 




2,000 00 








3,500 00 


99,500 00 


1867 




90,000 00 










4.000 00 










1 , 000 00 












l,,50tt 00 
1,800 00 












98.300 00 


1869.. 




112.500 00 








4,000 00 














2,500 no 
4,000 00 














Deficiency 


7,746 77 




130.746 77 



279 

Table XZ 7— Continued. 



¥ear. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


other 
special im- 
provements 


Total appro- 
priations 
each session 


1871^. 




$116,500 00 










Repairs 


82,000 00 










1,000 00 








Pupils' library 




Sl.OiO 00 










1,200 00 




1873^ 


Rebuilding south wing 




46,000 00 


$166,700 OO 




140,000 00 








Repairs 


4,000 00 










3,700 00 










3,850 00 

800 00 

1,400 00 








Renewal of floors 




















Erection of chaoel, dining-room 
and school building 




60,000 00 
17,000 00 
2,500 00 






Erection of boiler-house, etc 










Erection and littinj; up of laundry 






233,250 00 


1875.. 


150,000 00 








Repairs 


3,000 00 












1,000 00 
16,750 00 






Completing the school building .. 










Heating and lighting said building 
Furnishing the same 


5,000 00 










1,000 00 






Rebuilding rear wall of main 




5,000 00 


181,750 00 


1877.. 




154,000 00 








Repairs 


6,000 00 








Pupils' library 




1,000 00 

15,000 0(1 

l,0(iO 00 

1,000 00 






Erection of work-shops 










Erection of coal-house 










Erection of sewer 






178,000 00 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1879, 876,- 
000 ; for 1880 S80 000. 


156.000 00 










6,000 00 








Pupils' library 




l.OUO 00 
1,500 00 
1.479 00 
2,000 Oil 
5,000 00 






Construction of fire-escapes 






























Building a laundrv 










Repairing damage to building oc- 
casioned by fire 




2,000 00 






Putting thermostals in the build- 




2,000 GO 


176,979 00 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses 


170,000 00 








Repairs 


6,000 00 








Pupils' library 




1,000 00 
3,000 00 
3,000 00 
1,300 00 
6, 000 00 
3,000 00 






Barn 










Bakery 










Verandah fire-escapes 










Store- house 










Filter and filter-house 








1883.. 


Ordinary expenses 


194.000 00 










4.000 00 








Pupils' library 




1,666 66 

6,000 00 
5, 000 00 






Kitchen building and employes' 
quarters 
















210,000 00 


1885.. 




196,000 00 








Repairs 


10,000 00 












1,000 00 
4,000 00 
1,800 00 
1,000 00 

8,000 00 






Erection of dairy barn 










New boiler and setting....... 










8ewer to connect with city sewer. 

Erection of gymnasium and 

amusement hall 














221.800 00 


1887.. 


Ordinary expenses 


200,000 00 










8,000 00 






Pupils' library . . . 




1,000 00 
8,000 00 






Cottage for little girls 






217,000 00 


1889.. 


Ordinary eipen'ses 


200,000 00 








Repairs 


10,000 00 












1,000 00 

10,000 00 
1,200 00 
6,000 00 
















Engine for electric light 










Street improvements, paving, etc 







228,200 00 



280 
Table XAT.— Continued. 



Tear. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriati'ns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1891., 


Ordinary expenses 


5192,000 00 










Repiiirs 


«1 0,000 00 








Li brar y 




Sl.OOo 00 
12.tio<i 00 
2.500 00 






Land 










Steam boilers with connections .. 






1218.100 00 




CEMTBAL HOSPITAL, FOE THE 
INSANE. 

Buil<)ing and improvements 








S2, 518, 039 89 


8102.9.10 00 


83:{3.887 13 


82.9.'>4.877 02 


1847.. 






560,000 00 
6.0<XI 00 


S60.00U 00 
6 0(K) 00 


1851.. 


Completion of building 






1855.. 


Curreni expenses 

Additional buildings 


560,000 00 




60.000 00 


1857.. 




66,666 66 




Current expenses 


72,000 00 
80,000 00 




138,666 66 


1869.. 


Current <'X|ienses 









Completing' tnldit ions 




75.000 00 
5.O00 OO 
2,300 00 






FurnishJnK went wing 










Fire-proof roof 




162.300 00 


1861.. 


Cuncut expenses 


90.000 00 






Completing wi st wing 




2.000 00 

9.7i5 00 

2.000 Oo 

10,000 00 
















Kitchen and laundry fixtures 




















Removal of privies 




51.600 00 











150 00 
7.',0 00 






Inclosing private grounds 






ii6,2i5 66 


1863.. 


Cun ent expen-es 


90.000 00 








Repaii intr water- worlcs 


693 39 




90 613 39 


1865.. 


Current expenses 

Completing east wing 


110.000 00 










75.000 00 

5.000 00 

873 31 






Furnisliing east wing 










Completing east wing 






190 873 31 


1867.. 


Cun ent expi'nses 


63.205 53 
140,000 00 








Current expenses 

Compl'Ming east wing 










9.-i66 66 

2.500 00 






Furnishing east wing 










Repjiintiiig old building 




1,200 00 






Enlargiiit.' sewers 




800 00 
2.500 00 






Finishing chap(>l 






219,605 53 


ia;ii.. 


( 'urrent expenses 


180,000 00 






Fire-proof corridor 




5.6()6 6o 

7.500 00 
2.i'00 00 
2.000 00 
1,(K)0 00 






Improving ventilation 










Improving water-works 










New cooling ranges, etc 










Patients' library 










Insurance 


1,,500 00 

22.000 00 

200.000 00 




199. (too 00 


isn.. 


Deficiency 










Current expenses 

Kcpaira 










5,000 00 








Furniture 




10.000 00 
20,000 00 






Boilers, boiler-house and laundry 
Insurance 










3.000 00 








Library 




2,'iO 00 
5.000 00 






Additional reservoir 










Oi'ilinary expenses 


2.^. 000 00 
2(Hl.00O 00 

Iti.OOO 00 
180,000 00 




2;^ 250 00 


187.?.. 


Ordinary expenses 










Rejtaii s 






216 000 00 


1875.. 


Ordinary expenses 










Repairs 


10.000 00 








Boiler 




2.500 00 


192.500 OO 


1«77.. 


Ordinary expenses 

Ii.creased nrdinary expenses 
(conditional) 


157.000 00 
30,000 00 














Repairs 


12,000 00 








Ironing, mendingand store rooms 
Portico, walks, etc 




7.000 00 
3.000 00 
2,500 00 
1..5O0 00 

1.5eo 00 
1.000 BO 

1.000 00 














Amusement hall 










Fire plugs 










Setjd house, broom shop and con- 
servatory 










Hummer-houses in airing courts. 










Sewer construction by city of 
Jacksonville 









281 
Table XX F.— Contin ued . 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriati'ns. 


Total appro- 
Pi iated 
each session. 




Sewer on hospital grounds 






31,200 00 
75,000 00 






Additional wings for 150 patients.. 






8292 700 00- 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses 


8220,000 00 








Kenewing heating surfaces and 
repairs 


510,000 00 








Thirty acres of land 




5,000 00 
8.000 00 
2.500 00 
3,000 00 






Building shops, mill and engine 
rooms, stiam engines, etc 










Building for corn-cribs, piggery, 
slaughter-house, etc 




. 






Enlarging, finishing and furnish- 
ing amusement hall 










Improving grounds 




1,000 00 






Painting outside of new wings, 
rearranging fences and grading. 

Thermostals and constructing 
telegraph 




1,000 00 
1,000 00 
3,996 00 














Constructing a sewer to the 
Mauvaisterre creek . 






255.496 0(K 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses 


194,000 00 






5,000 00 
2.000 00 








Improving grounds 










Additional filter 




2,000 00 
5,000 00 






Ref ' igerating house 










Rebuilding two end walls adjoin- 
ing the centre building 




3,000100 






Transfer of patients (one fourth of 
appropriation) 


750 00 
220,000 00 




211 750 OO 


1883.. 












Repairs 


10,000 00 
2,0 00 
5,000 00 
4,000 00 








Improvement of grounds 










End walls and improvements 










Renewing heating surfaces 










Fire pump 




i,o66 00 

135,000 00 






Additional building 






377,000 00- 


1885— 


Ordinary expenses 


288,000 00 








Repairs 


10,000 00 
2,000 00 









Improvement of grounds 










Purchase of land 




16,000 00 






Reservoir, water pipes, etc. (bal- 
ance of appropriation for addi- 
tional building, §20,086.47) 










Fire-proof doors, flooring and 
plastering attic, flues, etc 






15.000 00 


331,000 00- 


1887.. 


Ordinary expenses 


300,000 00 










14,000 00 
500 00 








Improving grounds 










Exteniling dining-rooms 




5,000 00 










1,000 00 






Steam boilers 




4,000 00 


324 500 00' 


1889.. 


Ordinary expenses 


260,000 00 








Repairs 


14,000 00 








Li brary 




800 00 
4,500 00 
1,600 00 
2,500 00 
8,307 70 
120,000 00 






Brick stable and carriage-hoase.. 










Steam engine 










Store house 










Street paving 










Additional building 






411,707 70 


1891.. 


Ordnary expenses 


324.000 00 








Repairs 


16,000 00 








Library 




1,200 00 

11.000 00 

3,000 00 

1.000 00 
















Painting 










Root cellar 






350, 2(10 00 




INSTITUTION FOB THE BLIND 

To commence building 










53,526,455 53 


S129,993 39 


8846.008 67 


84,502,457 59' 


1849.. 






52, 000 00 
5,000 00 


82,000 00 


1851.. 


To complete building 






5,0110 flO 


1855.. 


Ordinary expenses 


S28,000 00 
28,000 00 
24,000 00 
24,000 00 




28,000 00' 


1857.. 


Ordinary expenses 






28,000 00 


1859.. 


Ordinary expenses 






24,0(10 00 


1861.. 


Ordinary expenses 






24,000 00 



282 
Table XX F.— Continued. 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 

expenses. 


Repairs and 
lmprov>- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriafns. 


Total appro- 

Iiriaied 
each session 


18(3.. 
1865.. 
18t;7.. 

18f.y.. 

1871.. 


Ordinary expenses 


524,000 00 
40,000 00 
40,000 00 






S24.O00 00 


Ordinary expenses 






40 000 00 


Ordinary expenses 








lie pairs 


82, 000 00 




42,000 00 


Ordinary expenses 


50,000 00 






Up pai rs 


5,000 00 




55.000 00 
40,000 00 


Ordinarv exnonses 


40,000 Q" 
35,000 00 




1873.. Ordinarv exnenscs 


1 




1874.. 

1875.. 

1877.. 
1889.. 


K root ion of centre building .... ^.. 




875,000 00 
5.0(»0 W 
10,000 06 


110,000 00 


Heatint: and furnishine: 








Furnish intr now building 






15,000 00 


[ncreH--<'d ''xpiinses 


5,000 00 
50,000 00 






Or' li nary expense^ 








Rejiairs 


2,000 00 






Boolts. maps, etc.. for pupils 




1,000 00 
5,0i0 00 




Encini' and boiler-house and ex- 
tension ste.im-heatinK 






63,000 00 


Ordinary exi)enses 


59,500 00 






Repairs 


2,500 00 






Books, maps, etc., for pupils ^ 




1,000 00 
2.701 2o 




Due on building ancl heating 






65,701 25 


Ordinary expenses 

Repairs and improvements 


46.000 00 






2,000 00 








Iii)Oks, maps, etc 




600 00 

7S4 00 

850 O'l 
2,400 00 






New fronts for and re-setting 
present boilers 










Pipes, stand-pipe, hose and con- 
nections 










Dining-room and kitchen 






52, 6*^4 00 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses— for 1881, S22,- 
000 : for 1882. S25, (»00 


47.000 00 








Repairs and improvements 


3,000 00 








Sewer 




775 00 
1,440 00 

33,000 00 

2,500 00 
12.000 00 






Engine and laundrv machinery ... 










Consiruetion and " eompletion of 
the east wing of main buildin .. . 










School apparatus, musical instru- 
ments and furniture 










Construction of a barn, coal-house 
and shops 






99,715 00 


1883.. 


Ordinary expenses 


64,000 00 






1885.. 

1887.. 


Repairs 


3,000 00 






Fence.. 




1,200 00 

2,S00 00 
550 00 




Twenty-two acres of land for 
pasturagi' 








Steam or gas-heated mangle 






71,250 00 


Ordinary expenses 


60,000 00 








3,000 00 






Construction of a refrigerator and 
St ore- ho use 




4,0(10 00 

,■.00 00 

3,000 00 




Ext"nsion of sower 








Construction of a pipe-organ 






70,500 00 


Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 


64.000 00 






3.000 00 






Fire-escapes 




1,200 00 
3,4'K) on 
5,000 0(1 




I'aving street 








Iviiundrv bulMincrand furnishiner. 






76, (WO W 


1889.. Ordiiiiirv exnon.Kcs 7. 


76,000 00 






1891.. 


Repairs 


1,000 00 






Li brary 




40(1 fO 




Repairs of eornice 




1,000 00 




I^iano tuning and repair depart- 
ment 




3,000 0(1 

18,000 00 

1.000 00 




Cottatre for girls 








Co VI 'red walks for girls 








Repairs or idiapt*! 




4.350 00 




107.750 00 


Ordinary e.xpenses 


80,000 00 






lie pairs 


4.000 00 






lii brary 




m 6(1 

3,000 00 
12.000 00 
3,640 00 




School ap|)aratus, etc 








Building for dormitory for blind 
shop- hands 








Enlarging boiier-liouse and i>ur- 
ohasc of a boiler, engine, etc 









283 

Table .YZF.- Continued. 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


other 
special ap- 
propriati'us 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 




KitcheD, balcery, cooking appara- 






S7,500 00 






Extra repairs, improvements and 




12,000 00 


8112,540 00 




ASTLUM FOB FEEBLE-MINDED 
CHLLDEEN. 










S884.500 00 


840,850 00 


$231,340 25 


»1, 156, 690 25 


1865.. 


510,000 08 
28,000 00 






810 000 oa 


18t)7.. 












Additional building 




S^3,000 00 


31,000 00 


1869.. 




40,000 00 
46,000 00 

1,000 00 
48,000 00 

1,000 00 
49,000 00 




40 000 00 


1871 . . 


Ordinary expenses 










Insurance 






47,000 00 


187:J.. 


Ordinary expenses 










Insurance and furniture 






49,000 00 


1875 . . 


Ordinary expenses 










Site, farm, main building, with 
wings, and plumbing, etc 




185,000 00 


234.000 00 


1877.. 


Ordinary expenses 


116,000 00 








Furnishing new buildings 




25,000 00 
l,.36u 00 

400 00 

400 00 
1,000 00 
2,50W 00 
1,000 00 

500 00 
1,000 00 

750 no 
1,030 00 
4,000 60 






Fencing 










Walks 










Scale anil scale house 










Enclosing covered passage-ways. 
Barn and cow stable 


















Coal house 










Cows (15) 










Cisterns 










Repairing boilers 










Berryman heater 










Twenty acres of land 






154,940 00 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1879, 8t6.00U; 
for 1880, S54,O0() 


100,000 00 








Altering and repairing old boilers, 
and new boiler 


84,525 00 








Finishing, steam heatintr, blumb- 
ing and furnishing basement 




5,000 00 
980 00 
250 00 

1,000 00 

500 00 






Erection of an ice house 




















Sinking another well and putting 










Construction of four cisterns for 
rain water 










Repairs 




4,000 00 
1,000 00 






Improvement of grounds 






117,255 00 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1881,^6,00 1 ; 
for 1882, S56 000 


102,000 00 








Repair s 


4,000 00 
1,000 00 


















Finishing, steam heating, plumb- 
ing and finishing basement 




3,000 00 
3.0«0 00 

1,775 00 
2,500 00 






Construction of a laundry build- 
ing, to contain a wash house, etc 

Construction of a mercurial fire 
alarm to the main building. 


















Construction of verandah fire- 
escapes 






117,275 00 


1883.. 


Ordinary expenses. 


112,000 00 








Repairs 


4,000 00 
1,000 00 


















Laumlrv building 




2,000 00 

5,000 00 
1,000 00 






Finishing. furnishing, steam heat- 
ing, blumbing,etc.,in basement. 














125.000 00 


i885.. 


Ordinary expenses. .... 


113,000 00 










6,000 00 
1,000 00 








Improvement of grounds .... 










Thirty-eight acres of land 




6,000 00 
5,000 00 






Detached hospital building and 
furnishing 






131,000 00 



284 
Tnhle XX 1'— Com imicd. 



Tear. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriafns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
eachsessioD 


1887.. 


Ordinary pxpenses 


?12 1,000 00 








S4,(»00 00 
l,(.iOO Oo 


















Two new boilers 




S2.000 00 
5.000 00 






Sewer 






S136.000 OO 


1889.. 


Oriiinary expenses 


132.000 00 








Repairs 


4.000 00 












400 00 

40, mK) 00 
4,5CHI OO 






liuililing for custodial 3uses, etc.. 










Electric light plant 






180.900 09 


1891.. 


Ordinary expenses 


157,000 00 










4,000 00 








Library 




400 00 

6,(100 00 

3,(^tfl0 00 

26.000 00 






Renewal of steam heating appar 








Fire protection 












196.400 00 




SOLDIEBS' ORPirANS" HOME. 


1 






£1,179.000 00 


S39.525 00 


8351.245 00 


SI, 569, 770 00 


1867.. 


530,400 00 










Sand iin<l kuildinK 




£70.000 00 

25,0(10 00 

(1,500 00 

3,lMiO 00 

10,000 00 


si()6,466 66 


1869.. 


Completion ol building 








Hoai iiig and ventilation 








Outsiile improvements 








Fui nishing 








Insurance 


1.000 flO 
90, 0(»0 00 
100,000 00 














135,500 00 


1871.. 










Repai s 


£2,000 00 








I nsurance 


1,000 00 












i5,6tMi 66 

12,000 00 
6,000 00 






St cam- healing apparatus 










Deliciencv 










21,244 81 








Library 




500 00 
50,000 00 


157 744 81 


1872.. 


Delleiency 










Deficiency 


11,2.50 00 
100,000 00 




61 250 00 


1873.. 












Repriii s 


4.000 00 








Increasing library 




1,000 00 

2. 895 75 
3,5h7 00 

375 00 
1,050 00 

990 00 
1.000 00 

285 00 

500 00 


105.000 00 


1874.. 












Iron bedsteads 


i 
















Sheets and pillow cases 










Blankets 






























Kit<hen and dining-room furni- 
tU' (< . 






!• 662 75 


1875.. 


Ordinary expenses 


100,000 00 








Repairs 


2, 000 #0 








liibrary, school books, etc 




500 00 
1.000 00 






Cistern for the storing of water.. 






103.. ".00 00 


1877.. 


Ordinary expenses 


90.000 00 










3,000 00 

l,2i0 Oi» 

2,00(t (10 

2'<,5 ixt 

1.200 00 
■100 00 
4 no 00 








Now roof on main building 




;;;:;!!".".'.."" 






New Moors 




















raiiitiiig. graining, ett.-.. in main 
buililiiig 




















Piasti-ring 














i,r.oo 00 

500 00 












100.475 OO 


1879.. 


Ordinary expi'nses 


79,, 500 00 








3,000 00 








Sewerage of the Home building.. 





56() 6» 


83.000 00 



285 
Tr ble XX 7— Cont i n iied . 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriat'ns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1881.'. 


Ordinary expenses for 1881, $38,500, 
for 1882 846,500 


885,000 00 










83,000 00 








Library 




81,000 00 
5,000 00 

4,300 00 






Erection of the hO'^pital buiUling. 
New boiler house and new steam 















898,300 00 


1883 . 




ii6,666 66 










5,000 00 












2,500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
















Furniture 






118.500 00 


1885 . 




100,000 00 










5,000 00 












400 00 


105,400 00 


1887 . 




iic,666 66 










3,000 00 








Books and paper for library 




500 00 



113,500 00 


1889.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1889,845,000, 
for 1890 550 00§ 


95,000 00 








Repairs 


4,000 00 












1,000 00 

4,000 00 

66,618 00 






Land .. 
















170.618 00 


1891 


104,000 00 










4,000 00 








Library 




600 00 
4,000 00 

2,250 00 
1,500 00 

1,000 00 
















Root cellar, propagating and 




















Paving area and building side- 
walk 






117,350 00 




EYE AND EAE INFIEMAET. 

Board of county patients 










$1,228,394 81 


843,475 00 


8309,330 75 


81,581,200 56 


1867.. 


810,000 00 
10,000 00 
10, 000 00 
2,500 00 






810,000 00 


1869.. 


Board of county patients 






10, 000 00 


1871.. 


Board of county patients 






10,000 00 


1872.. 


Rent of building 










Furniture 




81,500 00 


4,000 00 


1873.. 


Board of pauper patients 


19,000 on 

3,000 00 








Kent 














2,000 00 
28.000 00 






New building 






52,666 66 


1875.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1875, 85,000; 
for 1876, 810 600 


15,500 00 










82,000 00 








Furniture 




4,000 00 

300 00 

2,500 00 
















Barn 






24,300 00 


1877 


Ordinary expenses 


34,000 00 










3,000 00 








Additional furniture 




8,000 00 
5.925 00 
10,000 00 






Boiler house, kitchen, dispensary, 
etc 










Lot of land,50feetor( south Peoria 






55,925 00 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses 


34,000 00 










2,006 00 








Additional furniture 




2,000 00 


38,000 00 


1881.. 


for 1882,817, 000 


32,000 00 








Repairs. . 


2,000 00 








Additional furniture 




2,000 00 
8O0 OO 

500 on 

200 00 
300 00 






Stone sidewalk 










Iron fence and stone coping 




















Steani heating apparatus for ven- 









28G 
Table A'A'F^Contimie<l. 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
exi>enses. 


Depairs and 
improvi'- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Oth.T 
sjiC'-ial ap- 
propriafns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1881.. 




8200 00 

600 00 
812 00 






Uaisine siuoki- siack, tuck point- 

iuK same and painting buildings 

Paving Aiiams street. 











1 


838,912 00 


1883 . 




884,000 00 








Repair-^ 


82,000 00 












2,IHK) 00 
1,950 00 






lii-moving wood stable and build- 
ing briek stable and shed 






39,950 00 


1885.. 




36,000 00 










2,000 00 







Furuiture.for 1885, S2.500; for 1886, 
•fl.OOO 




3.5tK) on 
Suo 00 
225 00 
GoO (10 
2<)0 oo 

2,000 00 






New floors 








New range... 








Enlarging kitchen 




















Steam heating apparatus 






45,325 00 


1887.. 


Ordinary expenses 


50,000 00 










2,000 00 












3,000 00 
2,000 00 






Two boilers 






57.000 OO 


1889.. 




54,000 00 








Repairs 


2,000 00 








Library 




20O 00 

402 W 

950 00 

2,000 00 






Paving Peoria street 




















Furniture 






59,552 00 


1891.. 




52,000 00 










2.000 00 








Library 




200 00 
2,000 Wl 

l.OOfl 00 
l.;350 00 






Furniture 










Removal of stairways and build- 










Removal of bath rooms 






58,550 OO 




NOBTHEBN HOSPITAL FOB THE 

Sand and building 










8396,000 00 


819,000 00 


888,514 00 


8503,514 00 


1869.. 






8125.000 00 

3S.5a") 26 

48,500 00 

21".. 800 no 

7,500 00 

8,000 ttO 

9,000 00 


8125,000 OO 


1871.. 


Completing north wing 






























Reservoir, sewers and air ducts.. 










Fencing, grading, etc 










Furniture 










Ordinary expen-es 


867,500 00 




205,885 26 


1872.. 


Se werage 




5.500 00 

960 00 

1,000 00 

l.OOO 00 

1.500 00 

6,00« 00 

650 00 

5.50 00 

400 00 

650 00 

a".o 00 

700 (M) 

100 00 

(mO 00 

2,257 oO 

4,4oO W 

425 00 

240 00 

23,000 00 






Fui-nishing chapel 




















Drug stock and fixtures 










Barn 










Railroad fi-eiglit 










Gas llxtures for rear building 










Gas-llxtures for north wing 




















Repairing roof 










Railroad track under building 




















Extra plumbing 










Lightning rods 




















Heating and gas woi k 




















Ti^mporary passage 






27.332 66 


1873.. 














92.500 00 








Repairs 


84,00(» 00 


;:;:;:::::::::i:::::::;;;.... 




Furnishing rear building, erection 
of coal-houst\ etc 




7. 150 00 
81. 2M) 00 

7.00C 00 
13.090 00 






Construction of central building 










Furnishing ci'ntral building . 











Outside improvements 










287 
Table XXF— Cbntiiiued. 



Tear. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


other 
special ap- 
propriati'ns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1873.. 


Superintendent, architect and 
trustees 






S16,185 00 

7,650 00 

160, 000 00 

12,500 00 

1,000 00 

400 00 

625 00 

12.500 00 

2, 000 00 
1,000 00 






Other incidental expenses 










Erection of south wing 










Plumbing, heating and ventilating 
Sewerage and rain water conduc- 
tors 


















Lightning rods 










Gas-flxtures 










Furniture 






$439,150 00- 


1875.. 


Furniture for fifty additional pa- 
tients 










Hose and fire apparatus 










Ordinary expenses of patients in 
south wing, perm .,S3.750.,3mo. 


$11,250 00 
180,000 00 
















Stock barn (40x100 feet, and base- 
ment) 




3,090 OO 

500 00 

300 00 

1,000 OJ 

720 00 






Shed for wagons i25x75 feet) 










Piggery and hennery 










One thousand rods of fencing 










High board fence 










Grading and shrubbery 




Si, 000 00 






Laundry extension 




3,500 00 

1,600 00 

350 00 

300 00 






New boiler 










Pump 










Washing machine 






206,420 00 


1877.. 




196,666 66 








Repairs 


10.000 00 








Alterations in heating and venti- 
lation 




10,000 00 
6,897 85 




















2,000 00 






Straw-barn 




1,500 00 
2,500 00 
500 00 
1,500 00 
2,000 00 

6,000 00 
2,000 00 






Refrigerating house 










Hydraulic elevator in kitchen 










Cisterns for rain-water 










Furniture for new rooms 










Removing two cottages and erect- 
ing t wu lodges 










Furnishing cottages 










ditional) 


6,000 00 




246,897 85- 


1879.. 




200,000 00 










Repairs 


10,000 00 








Gallery in amusement hall 




796 00 






Improvement of grounds, shade 
and fruit trees 




1,000 00 
2,000 00 






Relaying and replacing water- 
pipe 










M etallic blind s for cottages 




480 00 

1,111 00 

1,000 00 

1,600 00 

1,627 00 

716 00 

500 00 

1,200 00 






Hose, Babcock extinguishers and 










the city, and thermostals 










One engine with foundation .... 




















Machinery for engineer's shop . .. 










Sheds between horse- and straw- 
barn 










Smith Hoag, for materials and 
labor, etc 






222,030 OO 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1881, S98.000; 
for 1882 S102.000 


200,000 00 










10,000 00 
2,000 00 


















New ice-house 




1.000 00 

10,000 00 
3.500 00 

1,100 00 






Four new boilers, and steam- 
arum, setting and making con- 










New smoke-stack 










One heater and purifier to cleanse 
the water 









288 
Table A'XF— Contiiiue.l. 



Year. 



Nature of Appropriation. 



Ordinary 
expenses. 



Reiiairsand (j,jj 



grounds. 



Total appro- 
priated 
propriati'ns. eaclise.ssion 



1881. 



-1883., 



1885.. 



1887. 



1889.. 



Adding to the power of entrino 

now provided for and new shaft 

\nu, <-tc 

One new fan and shafting with 

brick work 

Drop Hues, from boilers to chim 

ney 

Connecting sewer and completing 

air-ducts 

New pumb, for flre purposes 

New cast-iron radiators, to re 

place coils now wurnout 

Constructing an artesian well — 
New engine and pump-house — 

Covering steam-pipes 

Transfer of patients (one-fourth 

of appropriation) 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Improvement of grounds ... 

Patients' library 

Front fence and gateways. .. 
Changing syst<'m of lu-atiug 
Two new boilers and boiltsr fronts, 

setting, etc 

New washing machines, steam 

mangle anil elevator 

Electri'-al apparatus 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Improvement of grounds 

Front fence 

Ariifi'-ial lake or reservoir 

Outside flre-line, including hy- 
drants 

Fire escapes, fire extinguishers, 

hose cart, hose, ladders, etc 

Fire pump with f')unilation, stand 

pipe, valves, piping, etc.. 

Ordinary expenses 

Repair.s 

Improvement of grounds.. 

Additions to buildings 

Fire- proof doors and walls 

Hose house, etc 

Ordinary expenses forl880,S70.000; 

for 18'.»0, SUtl.OOO 

Repairs 

Li brary 

I'l limbing 

Laundry machinery, etc 

Workshops for patients', bakery, 

etc 

stock barn and stock sheds 



S750 00 
212.000 00 



200.000 00 



812,000 OO 
2,000 00 



10,000 OOi 
2,000 00 



191,000 00 



10, 000 00 
2,000 00 



1891. 



Building for feed, storage, etc. 
Piggery and yard enclosure... 



Fire-prootlng in basement 

Painting 

Additional buildings 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Library 

Improving grounds 

Bedsteads, maple. 150 at S4..M> each 
Mattresses, wire, 1.50 " 2.75 " 
Mattresses felt, 150 
Mattresses lolt, 10 
Blankets. 450 prs 

Pillows. 150 

OthiM- bedding 

Chairs and other furniture 

Cows. 50 at Si5.00each 

Wagons, farm. 3 "■ 50. nO " 



160,000 00 



10,000 00 



278,000 00 



5.00 
5.00 
2.-J0 
1.25 



12,000 00 



82,500 00 

l,2.-.0 00 

800 (JO 

500 00 
1.000 00 

4.000 00 
5,000 00 
4.450 00 
2.885 00 



S2>0.735 00 



.500 0<> 
1,500 00 
18,881 77 

4,300 40 

2.000 00 
1,000 00 



1,500 on 
5,000 00 

4,289 53 

4,34)6 00 

1,400 00 



8,345 00 
8,(100 00 
6,000 00 



50(1 00 
7,000 00 
1,000 00 

2,000 00 
4. .500 00 
1,490 00 
500 00 
2.000 00 
(•).000 0(1 
120,000 00 



800 00 

1,000 00 

675 00 

412 ,50 

750 00 

".0 0(1 

I.O.SO 00 

1,S7 .50 

800 00 

400 00 

1.250 00 

150 00 



254,221 T7 



228.555 53 



2*25.345 00 



314.990 00 



289 



Table XX F.— Continued. 



Year. 



Nature of Appropriation. 



Ordinary 
expenses. 



Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 



Other 
special ap 
propriati'ns. 



Total appro- 
priated 
each session 



Harness.double,3 sets at 28.00 " 
Horses, work, 6 " loO.OO " 
Plows. 4 " 12.50 '• 

Bull, one to two years old 

Boars, 2 at 15.00 each 

Cultivators, corn, 2 " 15.00 each 

Fencing, etc 

Changes in engines, new dyna- 
mos, etc 

Stand pipe, with capacity of 100,000 

gallons 

Brick barn for farm h rses and 

young stock 

Associate dining-room 

Smoke-stack at pump house 

Paintinc inside and outside 

Enlarging rotary oven 

Removal of machinery 



SOUTHEEN HOSPITAL FOB THE 

INSANE. 



1875.. 



1877., 



1879. 



1881. 



82,000.000 00 



IS69.. Land and buildings 

1871.. 'Completion of nortli wing 

Erection, completion and furnish- 
ing 

1873.. I Completion, heating, ventilation, 

and furnishing centre building.. 

Ordinary expenses 

Ordinary expenses 

Completion and heating by steam 

of centre building 

Construction, plumbing, heating 

ventilation and furnishing of the 

south wing 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Additional furniture for north 

wing and for centre building. 

Furniture for the chapel 

Library, musical instruments and 

amusements for patients 

Pump- house 

Coal-house 

Ice-house and vegetable cellar . .. 
Carpenter shop and purchase of 

tools 

Tight board fence for patients 

Tmproving grounds 

Stock for farm and carriage 

Reservoir and water tank 

Koad from town of Anna 

Ordinary expenses 

Improvement of grounds 

Finishing road from Anna 

Coal-house 

Carpenter shop 

Frame barn with stone basement. 

Fire-pump and hose 

Rotary oven 

Dry closet 

Re pairs 

. Ordinar v expenses for 1879, S66,000 ; 

for 1880, S9O,O0O 

Repairs 

Inprovement of grounds 

New kitchen 

Water supply 

Removal of old barn 

Kxtending sewer 

. Ordinary expenses for 1881,8^08,000; 

for 1882. $88,000 

Repairs 

Improvement of grounds 

—19 P. C. 



$90,000 00 
4,000 00 



100, 000 00 



$102,000 00 



$4,000 00 



«84 00 
600 00 
50 00 
75 00 
30 00 
40 00 
250 00 

7,500 00 

7,000 00 

3,000 00 
25,000 00 
1,200 00 
1,500 00 
800 0(1 
1,W)0 00 



9,746 41 



8125,000 00 
65,000 00 

143,000 00 

99,000 00 



18,500 00 
140,000 90 



•2,000 00 



170,000 00 



156,000 00 



156,000 00 



2.000 00 



2,000 00 



6,000 00 



8, 000 00 
2,000 00 



8,000 00 
2,000 00 



4,000 00 
1,500 00 

2,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
2,000 00 

1.500 00 
1,000 00 



1,800 00 
2,000 00 



2,500 00 
1,000 00 
400 00 
3,500 00 
1,800 00 
1,000 00 
2,500 01' 



3,(KtO 00 
2,500 00 
1,000 00 
1,500 00 



315,184 00 



3,091,746 41 



8125,000 00 
208,000 00 



193,000 00 



284,300 00 



189,700 00 



174.000 00 



2:jo 

Tiible XX F.— t onl iniiod. 



Year. 



Nature ol Appropriation. 



Ordinary 
expenses. 



Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
eruunds. 



Other iTotal appro- 
special ap- ] priateil 
proiiriati'ns eacliBtssion 



New engine 

Construction of refrieerafinji 

liouse 

Settling basin and filter 

On<' half mile of fence alon« the 

publi highway 

AddiiKinal lit^ating apparatus 

Erection of a dotacii'd building 

foi- use as a storc-iiouse 

To btiiid wooden ban acks and for 

furniture for same 

Rebuilding the north wing, etc.. . 
New furniluri', to replace furni 

turi' destroyed 

Repairing damage done by water 

in the centre Imilding 

Transfer of pati(,'uts (one-fourth of 

appropriai if >n) 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Improvi'Uicnt of grounds 

Main sewr 

Settling basin and II Iter, pure 

water reservoir and pipes... 
Additional tire- pump, uischaige 

pipes and fire-plugs 

Five-eighths mile oi fence 

Convening btirracks into a per- 
manent cottage 

Furnishing cottage 

Puieha.-e of one hundred and 

si.\t V acres of land 

Building an addition to the north 

wing 

Oidinary expenses 

Repairs 

Imfirovement of grounds 

Stone culvert and earth till 

Renewing fences on firm 

Slaughter-house ami cooling 

room 

Conservatory and gate-house ... 

.\dditional settling biisin 

New boilers 

Carpenter and paint-shop and 

macliinery 

Ordinary expenses 

Rei)airs 

Improvement of grounds 

Pump at Rig Spring 

Moving and refitting house for 

engineer 

Fire-escapes 

Ordinary expenses 

Itepairs 

Library 

New laundi y and machinery 

Engine pumj) and pump-house. 
Tliermostnis, electric clock, etc. 

Veg.table crliiir 

Additional buili lings 

Ordinary expiuises 

Repairs 

Library 

(Jhanging syst(!m of heating 

Ropair •)f roiid to Anna. <!t • 

Completion of sidewalk to Anna 
Bake-oven and lepiiir of rcjom for 

same 

Water-tank smd tower 

Repair of cottage 

Relrigerating phint 



87.50 (K) 
196. (K)0 00 



200,000 00 



207,000 00 



200,000 0(1 



24!t,000 00 



51.7»l,75ii 



$90,000 00 
3,000 00 
1,000 00 



6,0(10 00 
2,000 00 



10,000 00 
2.0t)0 00 



lO.rtdO 00 
1,00(1 00 



10,000 00 



12,000 00 



$180,500 00 



S;^,635 00 

2,500 00 
100 ooj 

250 00 j 
1,20(1 0(» 

1,0(10 oo', 

12.000 00 



3,000/iOi 

lit, 00(1 00 

2.500 dO' 
250 (to . 

4. ('00 00 . 
2.000 00 . 

6.400 00 . 

I 

22,000 00 1 



3,2.58 00 
500 00, 

2,920 (lO 

3.5.'.o (Id 

a. '■(Ill (MP 

0.5(»0 00 

3, 100 Oil 



'.177 00 



,500 00 
1.000 00 



!)(MI 00 

10.000 00 

(150 00 

l,.5O0 00 

S'lO 00 

120.000 00 



8(K> 00 
2, .5*10 00 
1,000 00 

50<» 00 



8280,435 00 



254,150 00 



234. 32S 00 



220. 477 00 



343,450 00 



l.,500 (10 

t;,(ini) (Ml 

1 (1(10 (10 

3. 882 00 278.1H2O0 



8N73.772 00 82,785,022 00 

-1^ 



291 
Table XXF— Continued. 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 

expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


Other 
special ap- 
propriati'ns 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 


1867.. 


STATE KEFOKM SCHOOL. 

T and 






S5,000 00 
50.000 00 

30,000 00 
30,324 32 

5,000 00 
10,000 00 

5,000 00 






Building 










To provide for economical work- 
ing 






S85,00" 00 


1871.. 












Live stock and tool? 










Fu' nishing the building 










Out buildings, fences and barn . .. 










Current expenses 


S50,000 00 




100 324 .32 


1872.. 


To pay indebtedness 




24,532 75 


24,532 75 


1873.. 


Ordinary expenses 


50,000 00 








Workshops, fence, water-closets. 
Enlarging laundry and heating. .. 




10,000 00 
5,000 00 
3,000 00 














Drainage stock and farm 






68 000 00 


1»75.. 


Ordinary expenses 


60,000 00 








Ba n, corn-cribs and wagonsheds 
Consti'uction of a se wer 




1,500 00 

5,0(10 00 

500 00 














Library 










Removal of the roof 




S2,0OO 00 
1,000 00 






Removal of steam-heating appa- 










New boiler 




2, 000 00 
500 0(1 
500 00 

9,000 00 






Fixtures for kitchen and laundry. 


















Additional building 














5.000 00 


87,000 00 


1877.. 


Ordinary expenses 


60,000 00 






Ad itional building 




5,500 00 
400 OO 
400 00 






Attorney's fees, etc., in suit vs. E. 










Replenishing library and furni^h- 










Repairs 




4,000 00 






Repairing workshop 




1,000 00 
500 00 






Furnishing and heating 






71,800 00 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1879.S22.000. 
for 1880, f 28, 000 


50,000 00 








Repaii s 


4,000 00 








Replenishing library and furnisii- 




400 00 
1,000 00 






Drainage 










Improvement of the ground 




200 00 


55,(100 id 


1881.. 


Ordinary expenses 


56,000 00 








Replenishing boys' library and 




400 00 
500 00 






Two washing machines, two hun- 
dred and fifty dollai s each 










For painting tin roof on main and 




800 00 
200 00 

600 00 

200 00 

590 00 
1,000 00 
















Renewing stairs in workshops, 
wings of main building, and new 










Lining wash-troughs in dormi- 










Painting brick- work main and 




















Privy vaults for dormitories, and 
to remedy the ventlation of the 
buildings 




16,000 00 


76,290 00 


1883.. 




84,000 00 








Extraordinary and incidental ex- 


2,000 00 












400 00 






Repairs and improvements of the 




9,000 00 






Erection of new family building . 




30,000 00 

2,500 00 

1,000 OO 

500 00 






New boiler 










Heater and purifler... . . . 










Three cist erns 









292 



Table A'A'F— ronlinuod. 



Tear. 


Natuii' of approj)riation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improye- 
men'sof 
grounds, j 


Other Total appro- 
special ap- priated 
propriati'ns each^e?8ion 


1883.. 


Stand pipf^ and hose for protection 
again-^t fire 






« 875 00 

700 00 




188.^.. 


Fir»'-pump, pip« aiitl connections 
PaintiiiB woodwork inside of 
buildings 


:::::::::::::: ::::::::::;::: 






8500 00 




8130 975 00 


Ordinary expenses 


18100,000 00 






Repairs 


2,000 00 
1 






Pupils' library 




400 00 
55,000 00 






Er<'ctiou, completion and furnish- 
ing of a kitchen, oakery, dining- 
room and chapel 


1 

1 






Repairs to workshop 




4,000 00 
850 00 








New carburetter and fan 








Grading 





1,000 00 
2. 100 00 






Three hundred and fifty single 
beds 








1C5,3.">0 00 


1887.. 


Onlinary expenses 


100,000 00 









Repairs 




2,000 00 








Pupils' library 




600 00 
3.000 00 






Artesian well 










Kebuihllng front steps 




1,000 00 






Machinery and materials and as a 
working c.tpiial 




30,000 00 


13ti,600 00 


18S9.. 


Ordinary expen-es 


92,000 00 








Repairs 


4,000 00 








Library 




600 00 


96,600 00 


1891.. 


Ordinary expenses 


. ... 
112,000 00 








Repairs 


4,000 00 








Library 




40(1 00 
l.Of* 00 
1.800 00 
1.000 ro 
1,500 00 














Iron stairways 


1 






Painting 


1 






Tiling farm 






121,700 W 




EASTERN HOSPITAL TOK THE IN- 
SANE. 

Purchase of site and farm and 
constructing buildings, ami 
plumbi.ig. etc 










$814,000 00 


$18,940 0<> 


J356,832 07 


81.219,772 07 


1877.. 






8200,000 00 


8200,000 00 


1879.. 


Ordinary expenses foi 1879, S:?0,000 ; 
for 18S(i.S(iO.('00 


890,000 00 








Construction and completion of 
one section of nort'i wing 




65.000 00 

30.000 00 
2,500 00 

30.(H10 00 

5,000 00 

5,000 00 

30,000 00 






Construction of coal-house, car- 
ings, emiloyes quarters, etc 











Roads, walk-^, grading, trees, 
shrubbery. e:c 











machinery fur use in shops, kit- 
chen, etc 











Farm impl. m'-nts, stock, carriage 
harness, etc 










Fencing and for purchase of ad- 
ditional land 


i 






Con'-tiuction and completion ol 
de'achod wards 




2.'>7.50(i 00 


1581.. 


Onlinary exi)onses for 1881,570.000; 
for INS'J. J'.Ki.oOO 


1 

160,000 00 








R-^pairs 


84,000 00 








Dining-room and employ68 quar- 
ters 




fi.SoO 00 
12,000 OC 






Amusement hall 










1 Bath- lid use 






5.000 (10 
2..">0(i 00 

H.ooo 0( 
5.<hio (i( 
1,000 dO 
4.800 (11 

7r!,o(Mi 0( 

38.01.0 01 




1 




IRefrigeiaior 






1 










1 




IBoil'T anil pumps 






1 












Brauoli railroad 










Completion of soutli wing 




1 


1 




Detachi'd wards 


1'..: 





\'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.\'.'.'.'.'. 



293 
Table XX T^— Continued . 



Nature of Appropriation, 



Ordinary 
expenses. 



Repairs and 
impiove- 
ments ot 
grounds. 



Other 
special ap- 
propiiati'us. 



Total appro- 
priated 
each session 



Furniture for four hundred and 
twenty patients 

Cover ng steam piffes 

Improving of grounds and fnrra.. 

Patients' l.brary. medical libiaiy, 
and appar tus for labratory 

Additional stock and farm imple- 
ments 

Musical instruments, magic lan- 
tern, etc 

Transffn- of patients (one-fourth 
of appropriation) 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Im provemeut of groum Is and farm 

Additional stock and farm impl.- 
ments 

Fire hydrants and hose 

Filter bed. pure water basin and 
settling basin 

Construction and completion of 
refrigerator house 

Purchase of not less than one 
hundred an fifty acres of land. 

Furniture for fifty patients 

Library 

Musical instruments, means of 
recreation for pa ients 

Pipe covering in new buildings.. 

Erection, completion and furnish 
iiig of additional buildings 

Additional expense of mainte 
nance of one thousand patients, 
etc., S250,00i): S1S7,500. lap-ed 

Additional boiler and pump for 
water-works 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Im proving grounds 

Additional stock and farm imple 
ments 

Library 

Construction and completion of 
main building 

Construction ai^d completion of 
north wing of employes quar- 
ters, etc 

Gcdlery in amusement hall 

Ice. slaught rand packing-housn 

Detached kitchen and boiler- 
house and shop and feed mill... 

Electric lights 

Bath-hou^e for males and house 

for piants 

Fixtures for kitchen, laundry and 
shops, pipe lOvering and lurni- 
t 



$2,000 00 



S750 00 
208,000 ' 



8,000 00 



62,500 00 



460,000 00 



15,000 00 
4,000 00 



Inside and outside painting 

Seventeen acres of land 

Fai m land 

Farm drainage 

Re- building and re-furnishing th' 
soutli infirmary 

Constructing fire proof floors and 
walks around and above all fur 
naces 

Consti-ucting flre-escapRs on the 
outer walls of the building 

Hose-house, horse-cart, hose, 
ladders, reels, hydrants, electric 
alarms, etc 

Ordinary expenses 

Repairs 

Improvement of grounds 

Library 



7,500 00 



17,000 00 



480.000 00 



20,000 00 
2,000 00 



tl2,ooo on 

1,000 00 



2,500 00 
1,500 00 
1,-500 00 



336, 35» 00 



2,000 00 

4,0no 00 
1,000 OOi 

12,000 00 j 

3,000 00 

10,000 00 

3,500 (10 

500 00 

1,000 00 
1,000 00 

400,000 00 



COOO 00 



4,000 00 
2,000 00 

73,000 0(1 



35,000 00 
2,001 00 
8,000 00, 

12.000 00 
7,500 00 

6,000 00 



17,000 00 



3,(i00 00 

15,000 00 

500 00 



6,000 00 
5,000 00 

7,000 00 



722,. 500 00 



707,100 00 



J94 



1 nl)le XX V. — Cfjiitiiiued. 



Year. 


Nature of Approiiriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Rer>airs and 
improvi!- 
mt^nt- of 
grounds. 


1 

other 
8pe<ial im- 
propnati'n.s. 


Tatal appro- 
priated 
each session 




Additional stock and farm imple- 
ments 






83,000 00 










$5,000 <tO 






Furniture and fixtures 




10,0(Ki 00 

3.000 00 
lO.OtKI lO 
C.OOO 00 

7.00M (10 
1,500 00 






Mortuary l>u tiding 






■ 














bakery and store- room 










Boilers chimney-stack and coal- 










Additional stin'k barn 






&'851.S00 00 


1889.. 


Ordinary expenses for 1880, S21(l,- 
000 ; for 18i'0, 'ZV<, OOO 


5452,000 00 








20,000 (lO 








Librarv 




l.OK) 00 
6,5(10 00 
7.(MI0 00 
1.8(111 (1(1 
7.5(Ki no 
1,600 00 

1,500 OO 

2,000 on 
1,000 0(1 






Eidai'cing kitchen. etc 










Eniartrintr laundry building, etc ... 










Straw and wayon sited 










Elei-'tric lielits and machinery 










Concreti' (luors in basement, etc.. 










Completion of south wing em- 
ployes quarte s 










tage and building new farm 
house 










Root-house 










Painting 




7.500 00 






Land drain and sewer 




2, (too (Ml 
1,500 00 

10,000 00 






Coal sheds 










Furniture and fixtures 






537. OCO 00 


18!tl.. 




497,000 00 








Rejiairs 


2(),66n 66 









L 1 b rar y 




17,000 00 

103,000 00 

3.000 (10 
10,000 (10 
5. OOO CO 

lO.fll'O (1(1 
4.000 00 

12. OW tKI 

4,5"0 0(1 

450 0(1 

5,000 00 

80(1 (1(1 

l.lUfi 00 

ll(i3 00 

2,5(H> 00 
3.(100 00 
2.000 00 

2.500 00 

6,500 0(t 
2,000 00 






Buildings for three hundred pa- 
tients 


• 








Improvement of grounds, ad- 










Furniture and llx lures 










Painting, ins! le and outdide 










Shop building, with machinery for 
patien's' work 










Covering steam pipes 










Proje(.'tiuns for outside water- 
closets 










and plumbing 




















Addition to bath-house 










Building for soap. making and 
reniiering 










Fire apparatus 










Ad' lit ion to f.irm ward 










Finishing dining-rooms in base- 
ments 










Furna es to heat relief south, etc. 
Steam piiiiip at water-works 


















Tiling for kitclieiis, sculleries, 
Initlr roitms and water-elosets. 










Inciea-ed aeeoniiriodations for 
olfl'-ers and eni|i|ov('s 










Raili'oad track repairs 






757, Kii) 00 




soldiers' and SAILOliS' HOME. 

btru'-ting buildings thereon, 
complete for use 










82.410,250 00 


$132,000 00 


Sl,523.8fi9 OO 


$4,066,119 00 


I8S5.. 






8200.000 00 


$200,000 00 


887.. 


Ordinary expense to July 1, 1887.. 
C()ntiiig''nt 


$10,000 00 








&;>,000 00 








Ordinary expenses for 1887, 

Sloo.iiiHi: for 1S88, !iflJI.."jO0 

Hospital building 


221,500 00 










25,000 00 
3,500 00 






Furiiisliing and eipiippiug ho.s- 
pital 









295 
Table XZF.— Concluded. 



Year. 


Nature of Appropriation. 


Ordinary 
expenses. 


Repairs and 
improve- 
ments of 
grounds. 


other 
special ap 
propriati'ns. 


Total appro- 
priated 
each session 




Fencing boundary lines, bridge' 
etc 






$(i,ono 00 

5,000 00 
.S.OOO 00 
87.600 00 

6,000 00 
900 00 






Farm buildings, etc 










Additional boilers 










Add itional cottages 










Architect, superintendent of con- 
struction, etc 










Additional land 






$106,500 00 


1889.. 


Ordinary expenses 


$260, 000 GO 








Repairs 


$16, 000 66 








Library 




1,000 00 

5,000 00 

2,000 00 
2.0110 00 
12,000 00 






Barns, stables, shops and out 
buildings 










Roads, walks and improvement of 
grounds 










Cold storage house 










Additional cottage 






$292 000 00 


1891.. 


Ordinary expenses 


290,000 00 








Repairs 


10,000 00 








Library 




1,000 00 










3.000 00 






Extension of hospital and equip- 
ment 




13,000 00 

4,800 00 
14,000 00 

2,50M 00 
200 00 
.500 00 

1,300 00 
250 00 

2,750 00 






Detached boiler house, boiler, 
stai-k, tunnel, etc 










Land 










Barn for at least 7.5 cows 










Dairy equipment 










Piggery building 










Cows 










Hogs 










Heater and piping to furnish all 
cottages with hot water 






$343 300 00 




Building and furniture 










«814,500 00 


$28,000 no 


8399,300 00 


$1,241,800 00 


1889.. 






$50,000 00 


$50,000 00 


1891.. 


Ordinary expenses 


850.000 00 






Repairs 


82,800 00 








Library 




200 00 


52 20(t 00 














$50,eoo 00 


$2,000 00 


$50,200 00 


$102,200 00 



296 



Recap it u In tion . 



INSTITUTIONS. 



Ordinary 
expenses. 



Repairs and 
improve- 
ment of 
grounds. 



Other 
special ap- 
propria- 
tions. 



Total ap- 
propriated. 



18391 

to \ 

189n 

18411 

to y 
i89n 

184i)) 

to y 

1891) 
1865 

to I 
1891) 
1867) 

to V 
189n 
1867) 

to V 
1891) 
1809/ 

to V 
1891) 
1809 1 

to y 

1891) 
1867 

to y 

1891 ) 
1877/ 

to y 

1891 ) 
1885 

to y 

1891) 
1889/ 

to y 

1891 ) 



Institution for the Deaf and 
Dumb, Jacksonville 



Central Hospital for the Insane, 
Jacksonville 



Institution for the Blind, Jack- 
sonville 



Asylum for Feoble-Minded Chil- 
dren, Lincoln , 



Soldiers' Orphans' Home, Normal 



Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago.. 

Northern Hospital for the Insane, 
El«in 



Southern Hospital for the Insane, 
Anna 



State Reform School, Pontiac 

Eastern Hospital for the Insane, 
Kankakee 



Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, 
Quincy 



Asylum for Insane Criminals, 
Chester 



«2, 518. 039 89 
8.526.455 53 

884,500 00 
1,179,000 00 
1.228.394 81 

396,000 00 
2,000.000 00 
1.730,750 00 

814,000 00 
2,410,250 00 

814,500 00 
50.000 00 



5102,950 00 
129.993 39 

40,850 00 

39,525 00 

43,475 00 

19,000 00 

102,(00 00 

180,500 00 

48,940 00 

132, 000 00 

28,000 00 

2,000 00 



817,551,890 23 



8809,233 39 



8333.887 13 
846,008 6 
231,340 25 
351.245 W 
309.330 75 

88.514 00 
989.746 41 
873.772 00 
356.832 0' 
1,523,869 00 
399.300 00 

50,200 00 



82,9:^,877 02 
4,502,457 59 
1,156,690 25 
1,569.770 00 
1,581.200 56 
503.514 00 
3,091.746 41 
2.785,022 00 
1,219.772 07 
4,066,119 OO 
1,241,800 00 
102.200 00 



86,354,045 2S;S21.775.1(» 90 



297 



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323 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 



Act in aid of industrial school foi- boys, 105. 

— — — — — — — girls, 103. 

— to regulate the state charitable institu- 
tions, 96. 97. 

Adams county almshouses, 129, 300. 

— — jail, 188, ms. 

— — Quincy workhouse, 188, 321. 
Admissions to institutions, 2(30-3. 
Alexander county almshouse, 129, 300. 

— — jail, 188,308. 

Almshouse keepers and physicians, list of, 
297-9. 

— Jasper county, destroyed by fire, 148. 
Appendix, 231. 

Appropriation account, 233-4. 
Appropriations by 37th General Assembly, 
41-3. 

— classified summary, 12, 13. 

— for institutions, from 1839 to 1891, 278-95 

— recommended, 47-53. 

— special, asked, 44-6. 

— unexpended balance, 8. 
Ashloek, Mrs. Virginia T., 60. 
Assembly hall wanted at Quincy, 46. 
Asylum for Feeble-Minded Children, his- 
torical notes, 89,92,98,104,105. 

Asylum for Insane Criminals created, 107. 

— — — — objections to location at Ches- 
ter. 50. 

— — — — special appropriations asked, 
45, 49. 

Average number of inmates, 11. 

— — — — for eighteen years, 36-40. 

— price paid for articles of foo^t, 276-7. 



Bacon, Samuel. 87. 

Balances due inr^titutions from counties, 
•239-40. 

Barnes. Dr. A. T., 96. 

Barnes, M. T.,61. 

Bell, Dr. Alexander Graham, 119,120,121,122. 
123,127. 

Bellevue Place, 151. 

Beveridge, Gov. John L., 96. 

Bill for an act making ordinary expense ap- 
propriations, 17, 18. 

— — — — to revise the lunacy laws, 
72— S2 

Billings, Di. John S., 109, 127. 
Blind, appropriations for, from 1849 to 1891, 
281-3. 

— in almshouses, 300. 

— special appropriations asked, 45, 51. 

— U. S. census of, 114. 

Board of Charities, created, 88, 91. 
Bond county almshouses, 130, 300. 

— — jail, 189. 308. 
Bonds filed, 53..J4. 

Boone county almshouse, 13»,300. 

— - jail, 189,308. 



Brooks, Dr. Henry J.. 107. 
Brown county almshouse, 131,300. 
— — jail, 189,308. 
Bureau county almshouse, 131,800. 
Burr fund, 8,102. 



Calhoun county almshouse, 131,300. 
Carlin, Gov. Thomas, 85. 
Carriel, Dr. Henry F.. 60,92,94. 
Carroll couutv almshouse, 132,300. 

— — jail. 190,308. 
Cash balances, 7,8. 

— disbursements, 8. 

— receipts. 233-4. 

Cass county almshouses, 132,300. 

— — jail, 191,308. 

Central Hospital for the Insane, appropria- 
tions for, from 1847 to 1891,280-1. 

— — historical notes, 86,87, 88, 92.94,104, 115. 

— — special appropriations asked, 42,48. 

— — — — investigation, 59,61. 
Champaign county almshouse, 133,300. 

— — jail, 191,308. 

Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, appro- 
priations for, from 1867 to 1891, 285. 

Charitable Eve and Ear Infirmary, histori- 
cal notes, 94,95,104. 

— — — — — special appropriations 
asked, 46. 

Chicago fire. 94,95. 

— Hou-<e of Correction, 195. 

— Industrial School for Girls, 181,320. 

— Eehef and Aid Society, 95. 

— Times, charges in, 59. 
Children in almshouses, 300. 

— — jails, 308. 

Christian county almshouse, 133,300. 

— — jail, 162,308. 
Church. 8eldenM..5Li. 

Clark county almshouse. 134.300. 

Clark, John S.,93. 

Classified summarv of ordinary expenses, 

12,13. 
Clay county alm.shouse, 134,300. 

— — jail, 192,308. 
Cleaveland, L. D..104. 

Clinton county almshouse, 135,300. 

— — jail, 193,308. 

Coles county almshouse, 13., 300. 

— — jail, 193,308. 

Cook county, Chicago House of Correction. 
195. 

— — — industrial school for girls, 181, 320. 

— — detention hospital, 137,300. 

— — hospital. 138,300. 

— — industrialschoolforboys. Glenwoud, 
183 320 

— — — — — girls, S. Evanston, 181,320. 

— — — — for boys, Feehanville. 181,320. 

— — insane asylum, 136,300. 

— — jail, 193,300. 



324 



Collections by institutions from <:-uunti<'8. 

235. aw. 

Columbian Expo-itioii.'fl. 

Consumption of food ]»'v capita, 268. 272, 271. 

Cost of maintenaui.'O of alm.sh<iusL-s and 

jails, Hl(i-M. 
Co.st of food. 209,272.27-1. 
Ciist piTcapita for cielitotn vi-ars, 34j,4t). 
County almshouses, 128-83.300. 

— courts, in.'iane in the, 'Mi. 

— jails, 180. 228,:iu8-I.''.. 

— pbysi-ians, 2it7-'.li. 
Cowtfill (arm, 100. 

Crawford oountv almshouse, 1.3'.', 300. 

— - jail, 197. 308. 
Ciillom. Gov. Shelbv M.. Ml. 
Cumberland county almshouse. 13'J,30t». 

— — jail, 197,308. 



Davoa ort. George S.. HU. 
Days' board to inmates. 212-3. 
Dav school for deaf mutes, 103. 
Deaf and Dumli In-titution for. appropria- 
tions for, from 18.3!t to ISnl. 278-80. 

— — — — -spceial asked, i'>. 

— — — in Himshous .s. 3i'2. 

— — — census of. lS.".0-!i(i. 113. 
Defective. "lependent and ilelinquent classes 

in Illinois, in 1880 and 18!t0. bv counties, 
117-8. 
DeKalb c^.untv almshouse, 139.300. 

— — jidl. 197,308. 
Deserters' fiiml. 89. 

Detached wards in hospital construction, 92, 

100. 
Dewey. Dr. Richard S., 101. 
DeWitt county almshouse, 139,. 300. 

— — jail, 198, .308. 

Dieting prisoner .>*, cost of. 310-19. 
District.*, for the insane, .■)l-57, 98. 
Dix, Dorothea L., 80. 
Douglas county almshouse. 110. .30lt. 

— — J HI. 198,308. 
DufT. Jonathan. 94. 

IJ 11 Mean, Governor, 89. 

DuPage county aim-house. li],:iO(i. 

— — jail. 199, 308. 



Eiustern Ho.spital for the Insane, appropria- 
tions for fi oni 1877 to 1891, 2.12-94. 

— — — — hi-tori«al Moles, 99.100.105. 

— — - — — special appropriations asked. 
41.48 

Eilgar eountv alm.shouse, 141,300. 

— — jail. 199, 3it8. 

Edw.tids counts almshouse. 142,300. 

— — jail, 199.303. 

];ilingha II county almshouse. 142,3ii0. 

— — tail. 2iMi..30>5. 
K ecir.c li«ht, 101. 
Elmore. And'ow E.. 102. 
I'.i.od. Dr. Edwin iJ., lOil. 
Emery. 1'. A.. 103. 

Escapes from conntv jails. l«s. 189. 190. pll, 
192, 199, 200. ^01. 20,^. 200. 2"8. 209. 210. 212 213 214 
2 1 ^. 218,219, 221 , 222, 22.>, 227, 228, 312. 

E-timate of ordinary e.Npenses in detail. 1.'). 

Evanston, 105 

Everett \- C,ement.fl9. 

Eye and Ear Inllrmaiy, apiuopi iations for. 
from ISO" lo IMd. 2S.''>-80. 

— — — — special asked. 40. .■)2. 



F.ir.v. II. .Judge. 102. 

Eav. I'rol. E. A.. 127. 

Eayeii.. cnuiitv almshouse. H2.300. 

-, -- jiiil. 2i(i.3i)S. 

.Ecilile-Minded Asylum, appropriations for, 

tr. m IWiO to 1891, 28;{-l. 
— — — — special asked. 10,. VJ. 
!'• eJianville. lli.^, 181,320. 



Financial statements for two years, 7-10, 
242-5.3. 

— — — eighteen years, 2 -40. 
Fiscal year. 98. 

Ei-h, Dr. William B.. 104. 

Fonl county almshouse, 143,300. 

— — jail. 201.. 'Ws. 

Franklm county almshouse. 143,300. 

— — j.iil. 201,308. 

Pulton county aim-house. 143.300. 

— — jail.2'il, 308. 



Gallaudet. Dr. E. M.. 118. 119. 12o. 121, 123, 124, 

12.5, 120. 
Gallatin county almshouse, 144, 3O0. 

— — jail. 202.308. 

Gillett, Dr. Philip G.. 87. 8;i. 99. 
Glenwcjod, 10.5,183.320. 
Gordon, Prof. Joseph C, 121. 
Greene countv almshouse, 144, 30o. 

— — jail, 2('2, 308. 

Grundy county almshouse, 145, :iini. 



Hall, Frank H., Ph.. 

Hamilton coun v almshouse, 14.'., :}iHi. 

— — jail, 2o:;, 30S. 

Hancock count v almshouse, 140.300. 

— — jail. 203. 3os. 

Hardin county almshouse, 140. .300. 

— — jail, 20.3, 30S. 
Harrison, George L., 101. 
Hart. Hastings H.. 103. 
Hayes, Gen. PiUtherford B.. lo3. 
Henderson coun'v almshouse. 140. 3oo 

— — jail, 204, 308. 

Henry countv almshouse, 140, :>uo. 

— — jail. 214.308. 
Higgins Dr. J. M.. 87. 
Holmes. Dr. E. L,.94. 

Hospitals for insane, capav-ity of. .55, 80. 

— — — county quota-^. -55. 57. 
House of Correction. Chicago. 195. 321. 

— — — Peoria. 217, 321. 

— — — Quincy. 188. 321. 



Idiot , census of. 112. 

— in almshouses, 3O0. 
Indebtedness of institutions, pi. 
Industrial Home fr>r the Blind, loo. 

— School for Boys, Feehanville, 181. 32o. 

— — — — Glenwood, 183, 320. 

— — — Gills, Chicago, 181, :J2i>. 

— — — — South Evanston, 181,320. 
Inmates, average number. 11. 

— — — for eighteen year-. 30-10. 

— present. 201-7. 

Insane cases in countv courts. 304. 

— census of. 18.50 to 1890. 111. 

— districts for. ,54-7. 

— in almshouses. 300. 

— — county .laiis. 308. 

— additional provision for. demanded. 53. 
Ins;inity. cuiability of. (15-00. 

— nature nd manifestations of, 02-<il. 
Institution accounts, manual ol forms, for, 

103. 

— for the Blin ', hi.storical notes. 87, 90, %, 
100. 

— — — Ueaf and Dumb — — 85,86,87, 
88, 94, 90. 99, 100. 

Institutions, list of. 7. 231. 
International Prison Congress. 101, 
Inventory of institution propertv. 2.5I-.57, 
Investigation of Central Hospital. .59-61, 
Iroquois counrv almshouse, 147, 300. 

— — jail. 20<.3i'8, 



Jackson county almshouse. 148,3im). 
— — iail.2 5,308. 
Jail. rs. list ol.2!>7-299. 
Jail I'Xpenses. 310-319. 



325 



Jasper county almshouse, 148,300. 

— — — destroyed by fire, 148. 

— — jail, 205, 308. 

Jefferson county almshouse, 149. 300. 

— — jail. 205.3118. 

Jersey county almshouse, 149, 300. 

— — ■ jail, 206.308. 

JoDaviess county almshouse, 140, 300. 

— — jail, 206, 308. 

Johnson county almshouse, 150,300. 

— — jail, 207, 308. 
Jones, Dr. H. K.,87. 

Jury trial in insane cases, 69-71. 

Kane county almshouse, 150,300. 

— — Bellftvue Place, 151. 

— — jail, 207,308. 

Kankakee county almshouse, 151,300. 

— - jail,207.308. 

Kendall county almshouse. 152, :^00. 

— — jail,208,3«i8. 
Kilbourne,Dr. Edwin E.,106. 
Kirkbride,Dr.,101. 

Knox county alm'^house,153,300. 

— — jail, 208, 308. 



Lakf county almshouse, 153,300. 

— — jail, 209, 308. 
Land, sale of, at Elgin, 8. 
LaSalle county almshouse, 154, 300. 

— — jail, 209,300. 
Lawton,Edgar C. ,104. 
Lawrence countv almshouse, 154,300. 

— — jail, 210,308. 

Lee county almshouse, 155, 3oo. 

— — jail. 210,308. 
Leisenteldt, Lizzie, 60. 

Libraries, appropriations for, recommend- 
ed. 18. 

Lipp:ncott,Gen Charles E.,106. 

Litigation over payments to Chicago Indus- 
trial School for Girls, 106. 

Livingston county almshouse, 155,300. 

— - jail. 210,308. 

Logan county almshouse, 156, 300. 

— — jail,211,308. 

Lunacy law, revision of, 62-68. 



Macon county almshouse, 156,300. 

— — jail, 211, 308. 

Macoupin couutv almshouse, 157,300. 

— — jail, 211, 308. 

Madison countv almshouse, 157, 300, 

-^ — jail, 212, 308. 

Marion countv almshouse, 158, 300. 

— -— jail, 212, 308. 

Marshall couutv almshouse, 158,300. 

— — jail, 212, 308. 

Massac countv almshouse, 1,59, 300. 

— — jail, 213,308. 

Mason county almshouse, 159,300. 

— — jail. 213. 308. 

Massa husetts census of the deaf, 123, 125, 126. 
McD inough county almshouse, 160,300. 

— — jail. 214,3"8. 

McFar and. Dr. .Andrew, 87,88,89,92. 
McHenrv countv almshouse, 160,300. 

— — jail, 214,308. 

McLean countv almshouse, 161,300. 

— — .lail, 214,308. 

Menard countv almshouse, 162,300. 

— — jail, 215,308. 

Mercer county almshouse, 162,300. 

— — jail. 215,308. 
Miscellaneous income, 8,14,15. 

— — for eighteen years, 36-40. 
Monroe county almshouse, 163,300. 

— — jail, 215, 308. 

Montgomery county almshouse, l(i3,300. 

— — jail, 216,308. 

Morgan countv almshouse, 164,300. 

— — jail, 216,308. 

— — Oak Lawn Retreat, 164. 

—22 P. C. 



Moultrie countv almshouse. 165,300. 

— — jail, 216,308. 

Movement of population in almshouses, 300, 
307. 

— — — — houses of correction, 321. 

— — — — industrial schools, 320. 

— _ _ _ instit itions, 258. 

— — — — jails, 308-315. 



National Conference of Charities, 102, 103. 
Newberry. Walter L., 95. 
Nicholas, Rev. D. B.,90. 
Northern Hospital for the Insane, appro- 
priations from 1869 to 1891, 286-9. 

— — — — — — spe -ial asked,44,47. 

— — — — — historical notes, 92,94,96, 
98,102.104,106. 

Norwood Park, 105. 



Oak Lawn Retreat for Insane, 164. 

Officer, Thomas, 85, 86, 88. 

Ogle county almshouse, 165,300. 

— — jail. 217, :-i08. 
Oglesby. Gov. Richard J., 91. 
Olcott, Mr., 127. 

Ordinary expenses, bill for appropriations 
for, 17, 18. 

— — classified summary "f, 12,13. 

— — estiuate of, in de;ail, 15,16, 

— — for eighteen years, 36-40. 
Orphan's Home, appropriations for, from 

1867 to 1891,284-5. 

— — — sp cial asked. 46. 

— — historical notes, 89,91. 93,97. 
Overgrowth of public institutions, 99. 



Packard. Mrs. E. P. W., 70. 88.93. 

Palmer, Gov. John M., 91,95. 

Patterson. Dr. William 1'., 107. 

Pauper expenses, 316-19. 

Pauperism in early history of Illinois, 83-4. 

Paupers, census of, 115. 

— in alnisho.uses,300. 
Pav jiatients, 98. 

Peoria countv almshouse, 165, 300. 

— - jail, 217, 308. 

— — Peoria workhouse, 217, 321. 
Per capita cost. il. 

— — — for eighteen years. 36- :0. 
Perkins, George W.. 90. 99. 

Perrv countv almshouse, 166, 300. 

— — jail, 218. 308. 
Personal liberty bill, 70, 93. 
Phillip-s. Rev. Dr. F. W., 96, 106. 
Phillips, William S., 106. 

Pia t county almshouse, 167, 300. 

— — jail, 218. 308. 

Pike county almshouse, 167, 30(i. 

— - jail, 219, 308. 

Pope county almshouse, 168, 300. 

— — jaii,219, 3n8. 
Prisoners, census of, lie. 

— female, transfer re ommended, 51. 

— in county jails. 308-315. 

— — county houses of correction, 321. 
Private care of the insane, 67. 
Propositions of the Association of Medical 

Superintendents of Institutions for the 
Insane, 101. 
Pulaski countv almshouse, 168, 300. 

— - jails, 219, 308. 

Putnam county almshouse, 168, 300. 

— — jail, 220, 308. 



Quotas of counties in state hospitals, 55-7. 



Randolph county almshouse, 168, 300. 
— — jail, 320, 308. 

Ratio of deaf-mutes to population, contro- 
versy over, 119-127. 



326 



Becapitulation of aiii'ioj.riati"ns from 1«H9 

iols91,29«;. 
Reform school, cliaiiuo "f jurisdiction, 7. 
Repairs. aiipri>|irifiti<>iis aiki'ii for. 18. 

— bill for aI1proI)riation^ for. 18. 
Restraint, in trt-atmi-nt of insanity, 66. 
Revision of thf lunacy law. 02-82. 
Rhoads. Joshua, 87.%. 

Richland county almshouse, 108. 300. 

— — jail. '220. 308. 
Robinson. Oeors'' S.. 102. 

Rock Island county almshouse. 169. 300. 

— — jail. 221. 31IS. 
Rowland. Maj. J. G.. IOC. 



Saline county almshouse. 170. 300. 

— - jail. 221, 308. 

Sangamon county almshouse. 170, 300. 

— — jail, 221. .308. 

School, collt'Be and seminary fund. 85. 
Schuvler county almshouse. 171, 30ii. 

— — ■ jail. 222. 30H. 

Scott county almshouse. 172, 300. 

— - jail. 222. 208. 
Scoulkr, Dr. J. D.. '.iS, 107. 
Shelbv county, almshouse. 162, 300. 

— —'jail. 223. 308. 
Sht-ets. 15. F.. 107. 
Snyder, lohnM.. 93. 

Soldiers' Orphans' Homo, appropriations 
for, from 1807 to 1891. 281-5. 

— — — — special, asked. -iO. 

_ _ _ historical notes. s'.i.yo.'JI. 93, 94. 97. 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, appropriations 
for, from 1885 to 1891, 294-5. 

— — — — — special, asked, 40, 52. 

— — — — historical notes, 105.106. 

— — — — payments by the United 
States. 16. 

Southern Hospital for the Insane, appropri- 
ations for, from 1809 to 1891. 289-90. 

— — — — — — special, asked. 45,49. 

— — — — — historical notes, 9o, 90. 102. 
104.100. 

Special appropriations by 37th General As- 
sembly. 41-43. 

— — asked, 44-40. 

— investigation. Central Ho-pital, 59-61. 
Stark countv almshouse, 173, 30u. 

— — jail, 233. 308. 

State Reform School, appropriations for, 
from 1807 1 1891, 291-2. • 

— — — change of supervision, 7. 

— — — historical notes. 90. 94. 98, 99, 104. 
105. 107. 

Slatisticol Tallies: 

I. List of institutions. 231. 

II. — — trustees. 232. 

III. Appropria' ions, account of, 233-4. 
IV-V. Collections from counties. 235-38. 
VI. Ralanci- duo from counties, 239-40. 
VII-VIII. Finan.ial statement. 212-53. 
IX. Inventory of institution property, 

254-57. 
XXI. Movement of populatif )n, 258. 
Xll. Toim- anil vacations, 259. 
XIII-XIV. .•\dmi8sions. 20O-63. 
XV-XVI. Inu:at.-s prcsmt. 204-t^. 
XVII. Consumption of food in 1891. 
XVIII-XIX. Cost of food, 209-71. 



XX-XXI. Consumption and cost of food 

for ten V'-ars, 272-73. 
XXII-XXIII. - - - - in 1890. '^74-75. 

XXIV. Avfrage price paid for articles of 
food, 27i;-77. 

XXV. List of appropriations for institu- 
tions from 1839 to 1891, 278-96. 

XXVI. Almshouse keepers and physi- 
cian-i. and jailors. 297-99. 

XXVII. Visitation ot almshouses. S0<M)7. 

XXVIII. - -jails, 308-15. 

XXIX. Cost of almshouses and jails, 
30t;-19. 

XXX. Visitation of industrial schools. 320. 

XXXI. — — houses of correction, 321. 
St. Clair county almshouse, 173,300. 

— — jail, 223.308. 

St. Mary's Training School. 105,184,320. 
Stephenson county almshouse, 174.300. 

— — jail, '224.308. 
Superintendents' bonds filed, 53. 

— list of. 2.31. 
Surplus, 10.16. 
Sweeney. Dr. John. 93. 



Tazewell county almshouse, 175.300. 

— — jail. 224,308. 

Transfer of insane patients, 57-59, 
Treasurers' bonds filed. ■">3-4. 
Trustees, list of, 232. 

Union county almshouse, 175.300. 

— — jail. 221.308. 

United States prisoners. 222. 



Vacations, 259. 

Vermilion countv almshouse. 175.300. 

— — jail. 224. 308. 

Wabash county almshouse, 170.300. 

— — jail. 225.308. 
Walker. Gen. Francis A.. 122. 
Wardnor. Dr. Horace, 100. 
Warren countv almshouse. 176. 30'. 

— — jail. 225. 308. 

Washington county almshouse. 177.300. 

— - jail, 225. 308. 
Water supply at Anna. 90. 

— — — Jacksonville. 90. 
Wayne countv iilmshouse. 177,300. 

— — jail. 220.308. 
Whipp.John W.. 128.186. 

AVhito county almshouse. 177.300. 

— — jail. 220, .308. 

Whiteside countv almshouse. 178. 300 

— — jail. 228.308. 

Wilbur. Dr. Charles T.. 89, 104. 
Will countv almshouse, 178.3' 0. 

— — jail. 227. 308. 
Willctt, Maj. James 15. ,100. 
Williamson county almshouse. 179.300. 

— — jail. 227. 308. 
Wilson. William. 00. 

Win(>s. F. H..9I,93, I00.101,103.104.10'.M2J.121. 

122,l'2:3,r24.125,126,127. 
Winnebago county almshouse. 18o.3oo. 

— - lail. 228.308. 

Woodford oountv almshouse. 180.300. 

— — iail,'228,308.